Alcohol in the first months of pregnancy. Alcohol in early pregnancy: the influence of wine and smoking

Every expectant mother knows that alcohol during pregnancy is harmful. Strong drinks can cause various changes in the human body. The irreversibility of pathological processes depends on the amount of alcohol consumed. It is also necessary to take into account that it can affect not only the well-being of the mother, but also her unborn baby.

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During pregnancy, insidious alcohol is harmful in any quantity. Therefore, you should not hope that a couple of glasses of wine a week will not interfere with bearing a child. Regular red wine can seriously affect nascent life.

In the first weeks of your pregnancy, drinking alcohol is especially dangerous. It can cause irreversible consequences. Let's look at this in more detail.

The harmful effects of alcohol

During pregnancy, a competent doctor will always tell a woman whether she can drink alcohol. It's not worth doing this. The fact is that due to the regular intake of alcohol into a woman’s body, her placenta ceases to fully perform its functions. This is why a developing baby experiences a lack of nutrients.

Toxic alcoholic drinks are very harmful to pregnant women

In addition, toxins are formed during the breakdown of alcohol. A pregnant woman's liver cannot cope with them completely. Because of this, acetaldehyde begins to appear in the body, which is dangerous for the fetus.

When a woman drinks alcohol even occasionally in the early stages of pregnancy, the process of division and formation in the fetal cells is disrupted. Brain cells are also affected. This causes a huge number of pathologies. Also find out during pregnancy.

How does alcohol affect the fetus?

Every woman needs to know exactly how alcohol can affect pregnancy. Occasional or frequent drinking of alcohol can cause the following abnormalities in a baby:

pathologies of the central nervous system, including disorders of motor and visual coordination;
the appearance of congenital defects in appearance: “cleft palate”, “cleft lip”;
too short a baby’s growth can also be a consequence of the influence of harmful alcohol on pregnancy;
specific facial features: the baby has very narrow eyes, a flat face, a small head, abnormalities may not appear immediately, but only 2-3 years after birth;
insufficient body weight after childbirth, usually the weight of a fetus with serious psychophysical disorders is a maximum of 2.5 kg; if the pathologies are less pronounced, then the children weigh a little more, but still their weight is less than the established norm (however, you need to take into account the structural features of the parents, if the mother before pregnancy she weighed 50 kg, and her height was 160 cm, then 2.5 - 3 kg for her child is the norm);
the influence of various types of alcohol consumed during pregnancy on the fetus can cause the child to have difficulty absorbing information during preschool and school age;
the appearance of congenital heart defects.

During pregnancy, you also need to know whether you can drink different types of alcohol in the later stages. Even one glass of wine can trigger premature labor. This is only a small part of how alcohol can affect the fetus. In the modern world, the number of diagnoses of alcohol syndrome in children is constantly increasing.

Doctors prohibit alcoholic drinks while pregnant

When a woman drinks alcohol in the first month of her pregnancy, in 20% of cases the child may die. If we compare this indicator among non-drinking mothers, it is at the level of 2%. Moreover, even if the baby survives, in the vast majority of cases he will be far behind his peers in physical and mental development. Regular seizures of epilepsy are not excluded.

Only a third of women who drank alcohol during early pregnancy give birth to successful children. But usually this well-being is only temporary, and after a few years various developmental problems arise. It is already known that alcohol that circulates in a woman’s blood can easily enter the fetus’s body.

When a woman regularly drinks alcohol not only before the delay, but also in the early stages of her pregnancy, all systems and vital organs of the woman are often affected: the thyroid gland, heart, nervous system, liver. These changes may adversely affect the fetus. Alcohol penetrates the placenta, so the baby remains defenseless against its harmful influence.

Trimester	The influence of alcohol
1st trimester	Alcohol in the first weeks of pregnancy disrupts the physical and mental state of the child due to the presence of toxic substances. Alcohol is quickly absorbed through the placenta, which is not a barrier to it. Alcohol processing products are also harmful. They have a negative effect on the nervous system and all cells of the fetal body. Alcohol reduces the amount of vitamins in the blood and disrupts metabolism.
2nd trimester	Just as in the early stages of pregnancy, various types of alcohol taken during the 2nd trimester have a negative impact on the health of the baby. The child may develop a deficit in height and body weight, nervous and brain disorders that cause neurological abnormalities, mental retardation, and behavioral disorders. The fetus often develops features in the structure of the face and skull: microcephaly, epicanthus, smoothed philtrum of the upper lip, narrow palpebral fissure, flat wide bridge of the nose.
3rd trimester	The effect of alcohol on pregnancy in the last trimester is no weaker than in the early stages. During this period, the fetal organs complete their development, and alcoholic drinks inhibit this process. Large doses of alcohol can cause underdevelopment of the nervous and cardiac systems, which often leads to the death of the baby.

Planning for your baby

Planning for conception should begin in advance to prevent the negative consequences of drinking alcohol. You need to find out more about whether you can drink alcohol when planning a pregnancy. Not only women, but also men should take care of themselves, because during conception, the paternal and maternal reproductive cells merge. Therefore, the future father is also responsible for the health and development of his children. Please note that it takes about three months for new sperm to mature, so a man should stop drinking alcohol.

If you do not completely stop drinking alcohol, you may develop sedentary cells with DNA abnormalities that affect sperm quality. Three months before the expected conception, you must completely stop drinking alcohol. Alcohol can interfere with pregnancy planning due to several factors.

Decreased orgasmic experiences.
Decreased erection.
Decreased male libido.

Scientists conducted research and found that slow intrauterine development of the fetus occurs due to the father's addiction to alcohol. It doesn't matter how often he drinks.

Carrying a healthy baby is a great happiness

Excessive drinking also causes the development of fetal alcohol syndrome. Small doses can reduce sperm motility and viability. Damage to the hereditary and genetic structure of sperm has an extremely negative impact on the health of the unborn child. Some doctors believe that you can drink no more than 25 ml of alcohol per day. This is approximately 200 grams of dry wine or 60 grams of vodka. However, most doctors are confident that you need to completely give up drinking.

A woman's set of eggs are formed before she is born, while the fetus develops inside the womb. This set will be with her all her life, but it changes under the influence of negative factors. One of them is alcohol.

Alcohol can “poison” eggs, which significantly increases the risk of having a baby with pathologies. Any doctor will answer whether it is possible to drink alcohol at least occasionally during pregnancy, but will not be able to say exactly what dose can poison the eggs. This is a very individual question.

For some women, one glass of wine during their entire pregnancy is enough for the baby to be born weak or with any abnormalities. And some expectant mothers do not limit themselves when planning conception, but this does not affect their baby in any way. In any case, you need to play it safe and give up alcohol six months to a year before conception. This is a must if you want to give birth to a healthy and strong baby.

Some girls ask doctors whether alcohol can affect a pregnancy test. No, I can't. Home diagnostics only determine an increase in the amount of a certain hormone. Alcohol in the blood will not affect her in any way. Find out also how it works.

Artem Avdeev, gynecologist.

Alcohol in early pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage. So you shouldn't take that risk. Even a small amount of wine can cause abnormalities in the fetus.

Karina Miloslavskaya, obstetrician-gynecologist.

A moderate amount of drinking can provoke changes in the brain, let alone regular alcohol consumption. The worst thing is that it is not always possible to detect disturbances in the development of a baby until he is born.

Arseny Korolev, gynecologist.

Alcohol in the early stages of pregnancy affects the central nervous system, liver, and vascular system. The mental potential of the fetus suffers. Drinking will definitely cause serious pathologies and deformities.

: Borovikova Olga

gynecologist, ultrasound doctor, geneticist

Alcohol is harmful to both the pregnant woman and the unborn child. Its use is considered most dangerous in the first trimester. If a woman drank alcohol when she did not yet know that she was pregnant, this can lead to a spontaneous miscarriage. In the case of moderate alcohol consumption before conception, the negative effect on the fetus is minimal. In women suffering from alcoholism, the risk of intrauterine fetal anomalies increases several times.

The effect of alcohol on pregnancy

Alcoholic drinks negatively affect the process of fetal formation. This is due to the following factors:

toxicity - products of ethanol and its breakdown poison the body of the mother and unborn child;
a drop in blood pressure in the mother – causes fetal hypoxia;
metabolic disorders - slows down the flow of nutrients to the fetus;
lack of protection - the placenta is not a barrier to the flow of alcohol to the baby.

Ethanol has the most dangerous effect on pregnancy from the 3rd to the 12th week. At this time, the formation of the child’s vital organs occurs. Under the influence of alcoholic drinks, this process is disrupted. This is fraught with the appearance of fetal developmental anomalies, congenital diseases, and in severe cases, miscarriage and miscarriage.

Obstetrician-gynecologist: the common myth that a few sips of alcohol have no effect on bearing a child is a lie. Small doses of ethanol cannot lead to malformations, but can disrupt the functions of fetal organs.

Alcohol in the early stages

From the 3rd–4th week of gestation, alcohol has a destructive effect on the body of the unborn baby, but its use at the beginning of pregnancy does not always cause harm. This is possible after the fertilization of the egg, but before its implantation into the walls of the uterus. Most often, drinking alcohol during this period occurs out of ignorance, since it is impossible to detect the onset of pregnancy at this stage.

Unknowingly

Pregnancy is usually detected at 4–5 weeks. Before this period, a woman who drank alcohol or smoked most likely did not know about her pregnancy. During this period, the fertilized egg is not yet attached to the walls of the uterus and maintains viability on its own. Substances used by the mother do not reach him. This effect can last until the end of the 3rd obstetric week of gestation - until the embryo is completely implanted in the endometrium of the uterus and until menstruation is delayed.

In the first days after the fertilized egg is securely attached, alcohol can already affect the embryo. This usually has a destructive effect, resulting in its death or the occurrence of severe developmental anomalies. In such cases, the body rejects the nonviable fetus. This can happen in the first weeks of pregnancy. A woman often never finds out that conception has occurred, since the fertilized egg passes away along with menstrual blood. You can suspect an interrupted pregnancy if your period is late by 1–2 weeks.

Rejection of a fetus that has been intoxicated with ethyl alcohol is highly likely to occur before the 12th week of pregnancy. The later the period, the more intense the pain from spontaneous miscarriage appears.

The process of bearing a child, which occurs without the absence of pathologies in a woman who drank alcohol after conception, often indicates the absence of the influence of ethanol on pregnancy. In order to make sure that the baby is developing normally, you need to take a blood test to check the level of the hCG hormone and conduct an ultrasound. The latter is recommended to be done no earlier than the 7th–8th week of gestation.

In the first weeks

At each stage of pregnancy, the effects of ethanol manifest themselves differently. The effect of alcohol on the embryo in the first month of development:

First days. Ethyl alcohol does not affect the fertilized egg until the latter is implanted into the walls of the uterus.
First week. The established embryo is not protected from the action of ethanol. At this stage, he is too weak to fight the toxic substance, which often provokes his death.
Two weeks of pregnancy. The active development of the fetal brain is suspended. This is fraught with anencephaly, Down syndrome, and dementia.
3 weeks of gestation. The initial stage of the formation of organs and the nervous system under the influence of alcohol causes pathologies of the cardiovascular system, liver and brain.
Week 4. There is a high probability of mental disorders and malformations of individual organs.

In the early stages of pregnancy - up to 12 weeks - alcohol is highly likely to cause fetal death. Developmental anomalies that appear under the influence of ethyl alcohol can be detected both during the first perinatal screening at 12 weeks and only after the birth of the child.

The mother's consumption of drinks has the least negative effect on the baby's condition in the third trimester. This is explained by the almost completed process of formation of internal organs. Nevertheless, drinking is strictly prohibited at any stage of pregnancy - negative consequences can appear several years after the birth of the child.

The early stage of embryo development, which begins immediately after fertilization of the egg, can occur with disturbances if the mother abuses alcohol. Ethanol negatively affects the condition of female cells and sperm, causing severe developmental pathologies already at conception.

Implications for fetal development

Alcohol is harmful to pregnant women in any quantity. Its influence is felt by both the unborn child and the expectant mother herself. The deterioration of the health of the latter negatively affects the full supply of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.

Possible consequences of drinking alcohol for the intrauterine development of the fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy:

defects in physical development are a consequence of intoxication with ethanol breakdown products;
decreased supply of nutrients, hypoxia - occurs when the mother is alcohol dependent; with a single dose of up to 30 ml of ethanol, this complication is absent;
failure of the formation of endocrine organs - provokes a lack of vitamins and minerals in the child in the womb, subsequent developmental anomalies in adolescence;
destruction of the central nervous system - entails psychological deviations in the form of increased aggressiveness and irritability, dementia;
fetal alcohol syndrome - multiple physiological deformations, including defects of internal organs, anomalies in the structure of the facial bone of the skull;
premature birth - may be the result of impaired embryo formation in the first months of pregnancy.

Daily consumption of more than 30 ml of ethyl alcohol or periodic binges are highly likely to cause fetal alcohol syndrome. Women who drink 1-2 glasses of wine several times during pregnancy are at risk for premature birth or miscarriage. In total, during the entire period of bearing a baby, you are allowed to drink one glass of wine, but not at once. Doctors recommend avoiding this dose, especially in the first trimester.

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Doctors of all times and peoples constantly repeat that alcohol and pregnancy are incompatible. But there are overly bold or frivolous ladies who try to disagree with this. As an argument in favor of “moderate” drinking in the early stages of pregnancy, studies of some foreign scientists or examples from the lives of their own acquaintances are cited.

In fact, the first trimester of pregnancy can be divided into two periods, in each of which ethanol has different effects on the condition of the fetus:

the first 10–12 days from the moment of conception;
from the 12th–13th day until the end of the first trimester of pregnancy.

The effect of alcohol on the embryo in the first 10–12 days from conception

A woman is already born with a full set of follicles (about 500 thousand), and throughout her entire life they only die, no new ones are formed. This is not scary, since during the entire childbearing period only 400–500 of them will mature.

But under the influence of alcohol, the follicles begin to die more intensively, and some are damaged. If a sperm fertilizes a diseased egg, then the child may subsequently be born with a congenital pathology. The less a woman drinks alcohol, the healthier her eggs are.

Even strong alcohol drunk immediately after conception or in the first few days after it will not affect the condition of the fertilized egg. If the egg was initially healthy, then the division process is carried out according to the plan laid down by nature.

The danger is that in the body of the expectant mother, ethanol provokes increased secretion in the fallopian tubes. It is through these tubes, dividing intensively along the way, that the egg travels to the uterus in the first 4–5 days after conception. If the fallopian tubes become blocked, the embryo will become stuck and lodge directly in the tube.

When the embryo, already consisting of 58 cells, enters the uterus on the 4th–5th day after conception, it begins to implant and its outer shell, the chorion, is formed. Up to the 13th day, while there is no placental circulatory system yet, alcohol drunk by the mother can kill the embryo and provoke a miscarriage. But alcohol cannot cause any disease in the fetus.

Everything that has been said is true regarding those women who drink little, rarely, and only high-quality alcoholic beverages. Of course, when planning a pregnancy, it is better to give up alcohol altogether, but anything can happen in life.

If the expectant mother, not yet knowing about the pregnancy, drank alcohol in the first week and a half after conception, there is no need to worry: this will not affect the baby’s health. Of course, it is imperative to check whether an ectopic pregnancy has occurred.

The effect of alcohol on the condition of the fetus from the 13th day after conception

Approximately on the 13th day after conception, the creation of the placental circulatory system begins. Now the fetus receives oxygen and all nutrients from the mother’s body. Alcohol consumed by a woman causes vasoconstriction, as a result of which the unborn child experiences hypoxia - oxygen starvation.

Even the liver of a healthy adult perceives ethanol as poison. The fetal liver is just developing and is unable to cope with the poison. And thanks to the placental circulatory system, the fetal blood contains the same percentage of alcohol as the mother.

In the first trimester, all organs of the embryo are formed. The fetus is especially sensitive from the 28th to the 49th day, when the child’s facial features are formed. Ethanol poisoning can negatively affect a baby's appearance.

Here are just some of the consequences of ethyl alcohol poisoning and fetal hypoxia in the first trimester of pregnancy:

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Babies with severe forms of the disease often die several years after birth. If they survive, they are significantly behind their peers in development. Often such children have difficulty seeing or hearing. It is very difficult to teach them anything, as it is difficult for kids to concentrate in order to learn new information. A child with pronounced FAS can be easily recognized by his small head, flat face (the structure of the facial parts is underdeveloped), and short chin. The eyes are small, the bridge of the nose is low, the nose is short and upturned;
disturbances in the functioning of the brain and spinal cord;
damage to the nervous system. At a minimum, children suffer from hyperactivity and are subject to frequent mood swings. In severe cases - psychosis, manic disorders, suicidal tendencies;
disorders in the sexual sphere: in boys - cryptorchidism, in girls - pathologies of the reproductive organs.

For the mother, drinking alcohol in early pregnancy often results in miscarriage or premature birth. But even if the baby was born normal, you should not relax. Sometimes the consequences appear during puberty, when an intelligent and obedient child suddenly turns into an angry teenager who does not accept any reasonable arguments.

What to do if a pregnant woman wants alcohol

Often, pregnant women experience a craving for alcoholic drinks with a pronounced taste: beer, wine, alcoholic cocktails. There is an opinion that if a pregnant woman wants something, then she definitely needs to be given it: they say, the body itself knows what is good for it. The trouble is that craving for alcohol is really a signal from the body about a lack of certain substances, only incorrectly interpreted by the brain.

Let's try to figure it out:

the desire to drink beer indicates a lack of vitamins, primarily B, C, D, E, and folic acid. Folic acid is vital for DNA synthesis, which occurs intensively in the fetus. Pregnant women need to take medications containing folic acid, since they do not get enough of it from food;
the desire to drink wine is often a sign of low hemoglobin, developing anemia, deficiency of vitamin C and iron. In such cases, doctors prescribe hematogen, iron-containing drugs;
craving for alcoholic cocktails arises due to a lack of fresh fruit in the diet. If fruits cannot be eaten (for example, they cause allergic reactions), the doctor will recommend the necessary vitamins.

The desire to drink beer during pregnancy indicates a lack of vitamins or other substances in the body.

Thus, the desire to drink alcohol in the early stages of pregnancy cannot be satisfied or ignored. It is necessary to consult a doctor, get tested, find out what substances are missing in the body and make up for their deficiency by changing the diet and taking vitamins.

Starting from the 12th–13th day after conception, when the placental circulatory system is formed, and until the end of the first trimester of pregnancy, alcohol is contraindicated in all types and forms, no matter how much the woman wants it and no matter how much she is persuaded. Every sip of alcohol during this period is a serious threat to the health of the mother and child.

Doctors strongly advise their pregnant patients to give up alcohol. When an expectant mother drinks alcohol, there is always a chance that the fetus will develop some kind of pathology. Alcohol in the early stages of pregnancy is the most undesirable option, although many women believe that the baby is in no danger until the placenta develops. How does alcohol affect the embryo, and why is drinking alcohol dangerous?

Alcohol in early pregnancy: is it possible or not?

What are early stages of pregnancy? Up to twelve weeks, that is, almost the entire first trimester. Another important point is the method of calculating the deadline. Official medicine adheres to a single method, it is called obstetric. In this case, the first day of the last menstruation is considered the conditional beginning of pregnancy.

You can find two more methods on the Internet. One assumes that pregnancy begins two weeks after the specified date and is called a count from conception. Another suggests that women count the period from the moment when they did not have their next menstruation. The last two methods take into account some features of conception, but are not accepted by official medicine. Doctors are required to count only the obstetric period, as this is important when calculating the period of maternity leave, as well as the expected date of birth itself.

Therefore, you will have to understand the intricacies of drinking alcohol during an obstetric period of 12 weeks or less. Concerning alcohol taboos during pregnancy, debate has been going on for a long time and constantly. Some say that red wine is only beneficial for pregnant women, as it contains vitamins and antioxidants, and beer promotes digestion, relieves nausea and heartburn. Others argue that the negative effect of alcohol on the fetus is exaggerated, and small doses of alcohol will do nothing for either the mother or her unborn child.

A professional doctor will not agree with any of these arguments. A woman can get vitamins and antioxidants from other foods; good digestion is ensured by a special diet. You can get rid of the unpleasant manifestations of toxicosis in pregnant women without beer. And the consequences of alcoholization of an embryo can be very sad.

It is a very common belief that alcohol is completely safe until the mother has developed a placenta and umbilical cord. This process is completed by approximately the 16th week of pregnancy, which means that it is not at all necessary to exclude alcohol from your life for almost half of the period. There is also a big mistake here. The placenta develops over several weeks, but the work of this organ begins almost immediately from the beginning of formation. Until this moment, the expectant mother is already sharing everything good and bad with her baby through the finest internal connections.

In addition, almost any of us may encounter a woman with her own positive experience of drinking alcohol during pregnancy. Such an acquaintance, friend or relative will tell you that she did not deny herself anything, including alcoholic beverages. And nothing, the child is healthy, developing normally, no complications. How to treat such statements is a personal matter for everyone.

There are other arguments. Every now and then doctors have to help women who either come to clinics with a threat of miscarriage or have already lost a barely conceived child. There are many reasons for spontaneous abortion. Drinking alcohol is not the last one.

A special diagnosis – fetal alcohol syndrome – cannot be called accidental or erroneous. We are talking about a variety of mental, physical and mental disorders that are found in some children. At best, these are minor disturbances in appearance and some difficulties in acquiring knowledge and mastering skills. At worst - deformities, disabilities, complete learning disabilities.

Obviously, there are plenty of arguments for and against when it comes to drinking alcohol in the first trimester of pregnancy. However, in the end, the expectant mother herself will still have to decide. We can only hope that every pregnant woman will assess the situation with full responsibility and will not tempt fate when the question is about the health, fate and, possibly, the life of her child.

Alcohol in the first month of pregnancy

This is a special topic for discussion. What is the first month of pregnancy using the obstetric calculation method? In fact, most of this time there is no pregnancy. First, a woman's menstruation comes and lasts for several days, then the period of ovulation and conception begins. The resulting fertilized cell is not even considered an embryo. It will take about five days for a tiny piece of new life to gain a foothold in the uterine cavity.

The processes of egg maturation, fertilization and consolidation are completely imperceptible for a woman. Even if the pregnancy was carefully planned. Modern pharmacy pregnancy tests are able to declassify the interesting position of the expectant mother just one or two days before the expected period. If pregnancy was not planned and not allowed, then awareness comes much later, only a few days after the delay of menstruation.

So it sometimes turns out that drinking alcohol in the first month of pregnancy almost always goes unnoticed. In fact, pregnancy has already occurred, albeit very, very early, and the mother does not yet know about it and does not deny herself anything. Many women have developed certain alcoholic habits - gatherings with friends, celebrating Friday evenings, any family, personal and other holidays. Perhaps even conception occurred after the partners drank alcohol.

For your information:

Just a few decades ago in the Soviet Union, abortion was allowed, but not encouraged; doctors tried in every possible way to dissuade patients from such a step. However, if a woman reported an alcoholic conception, she immediately received a referral to terminate the pregnancy.

Very little time passes, and the woman finds out that she already lives for two. Many women know about the dangers of alcohol and its negative impact on the fetus. And then an important question is addressed to doctors, friends and various Internet forums: “Tell me what will happen, I drank alcohol in the first month of pregnancy.” Some will answer that it’s okay, others will sympathize. The most correct thing to do in such a situation is to admit that it is no longer possible to change anything. It’s too late to worry, and now it’s even harmful. From now on, the most important thing is to take care of the further full development of the baby.

However, such a situation might not have arisen. To do this, just follow a few simple recommendations:

If pregnancy is planned in advance, then abstaining from alcohol is simply mandatory. And for both future parents. Family planning specialists advise leaving bad habits at least three months before the couple begins active and targeted actions. This measure increases the quality and activity of sperm and perfectly prepares the woman’s body for future tests.
It happens that pregnancy is not specifically planned, but is allowed. This means that spouses (partners) do not use any means of contraception, but do not calculate the time of female ovulation and do not take other additional measures. This situation does not mean that the couple can maintain all their alcoholic habits or even remain in a state of everyday drunkenness. You need to treat the possible birth of a child with all responsibility. Unfortunately, not all potential parents do this.
Finally, pregnancy can be unplanned, even if partners use birth control. Sometimes this happens by pure chance. Not a single method of contraception provides a guarantee of protection against conception above 95–99 percent, and with interrupted intercourse the probability is 50/50. In addition, sometimes people themselves are to blame. For example, a man may use a condom incorrectly, or a woman may forget to take a pill. In such a situation, there is only one piece of advice - to be more attentive in preventive measures and in the future (if you decide to carry a child to term and give birth) to follow all the rules and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle for expectant mothers.

Carrying and giving birth to a baby is a huge job. It’s even more difficult to then grow a small miracle so that it turns out to be great happiness. In order for the baby under the mother’s heart to develop as best as possible, it is necessary to give up all bad habits, including drinking alcohol.

Attention!

The information in the article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute instructions for use. Consult your healthcare provider.