What is a house project and what does it consist of? - perhaps the most popular question from visitors to our site. So, let's figure it out. A standard project is a complete set of drawings necessary for building a house. Each completed house project includes a mandatory set of Architectural and Construction Drawings (AS), which consists of two main sections: Architectural Section (AR) and Structural Section (CR).
Architectural Section (AR)- describes general data on the project, architectural features of the building, contains planning solutions for floors, main sections, facades, marking plans, lists of window and door openings, roof plan, etc.
Structural section (CR)- contains design drawings of the foundation, floors and installation of floors, lintels and rafter system. The project lists all the building materials necessary for construction and their quantity (volume and brand of concrete, quantity and cross-section of wood, quantity and brand of reinforcement, volume of wall masonry, area of roofing, etc.)
In addition to Architectural and construction drawings, an optional set of drawings of Engineering Systems (IS), internal networks from entry into the house is offered for purchase. A set of Engineering Systems drawings consists of heating, plumbing, sewerage and electrical designs.
It should be noted that the IS is not attached to every project, due to the fact that standard solutions are rarely relevant at specific construction sites and in most cases are developed by organizations that install utility networks, or, due to their simplicity, are made locally.
Below is a more detailed composition of the working documentation.
Detailed composition of a standard project
| Architectural and construction drawings (AC brand drawings) | |
|---|---|
| Architectural section (AP brand drawings) |
|
| Structural section (drawings of the KR brand) |
|
| Engineering systems (IS brand drawings) | |
|
|
A house project is documentation that indicates all the parameters of the building. Documentation will help you imagine what the building will look like outside and inside, how much and what materials will be needed for construction. Sometimes the house design includes additional sections that help to approach construction in more detail - determine in advance the type of communications to be laid, plan the installation of a fire or security alarm during the construction stage. Documentation will be needed both during the construction process and during acceptance - for quality control and compliance with standards.
What does the project consist of? What items are required?
A standard project is a set of drawings required for construction. The project should have the following sections:
- architectural (AR)- describes general information, architectural solutions, contains floor plans, facade drawings and main sections, roof plan, lists of door and window openings;
- constructive (KR)- includes design drawings of the foundation and other load-bearing structures, flooring, rafter system. The construction section indicates the required building materials and their quantities.
Such a set of drawings is always included in the house design - this is regulated by government regulations. At the customer's request, additional sections are included in the design documentation - for example, a set of drawings of engineering systems.
In private housing construction, when small residential buildings are built, they are often limited to a preliminary design. But this is the first stage of architectural design; it cannot be called complete. The sketch documents contain only general data, images of facades and floor plans.
Complete design with a more detailed architectural part is preferable: even in the construction of simple buildings there are nuances and design features.
Detailed composition of the project
Architectural and construction solutions (AS)
Project documentation is provided on paper in A3 format, in one copy, certified with a blue seal. The project includes two sections: AR (architectural solutions) and KR (constructive solutions).
Working drawings of the AR brand (Architectural solutions)
This section consists of several parts:
- general information about the object and an explanatory note;
- general plan;
- axes alignment plan;
- masonry and marking plans;
- each of the facades of the house indicating the elevation marks;
- roof plan;
- basic cuts around the house;
- explication of floors, features of filling openings of windows and doors;
- ventilation ducts and chimneys.
Architectural drawings indicate the location of all windows, doors, ventilation shafts, fireplaces with chimneys, floor heights, wall thickness; the main structural units are shown.
Project documentation
1. Project cover
2. Title page
3. General project data and specification of the main material of the walls of the house
4. Measured floor plans (construction)
5. Marking floor plans
7. Cuts
9. Facades
12.Fragments of the plan
13.Ventilation ducts, chimneys
Working drawings of the KR brand
This section as part of an architectural project is developed for the technically competent implementation of architectural plans. The CD consists of the following parts:
- Total information;
- layout of the foundation, including dimensions, exact location on the site, depth;
- plan of floors, lintels, truss structure with dimensions and technical instructions for the device;
- detailed drawings;
- calculation of masonry materials consumption;
- material specifications.
The composition of the drawings included in the design documentation depends on the type of structures included in the design documentation.
Example: Constructive solutions, as part of QOL and CD
Composition of the KZh section (reinforced concrete structures)
1. General information
2. Foundation plan, material specification
4. Monolithic columns (if any according to the project), specification
5.Porches
6. Floor plan with specifications
7.Jumper layout diagrams, specifications
8. Monolithic belts, specification
Composition of the CD section (wooden structures)
1. General information
Additionally:
Engineering systems (IS)
If, in addition to the main sections that the house design necessarily includes, there is a section for engineering networks, it should contain the following parts:
1. general explanations for each of the life support systems, recommendations for installation and connection of devices;
2. diagram of water supply and sewerage systems - rationale for choice - individual or with connection to centralized systems, - floor plans;
3. heating diagram - justification for the installation of individual heating or connection to central networks, thermal engineering calculations;
4. power supply design, including network layout diagrams, electrical wiring, electrical equipment placement plans ( ;
5. specification of products, equipment, materials. ( They are ordered separately for each project, at the request of the customer.)
Standard ICs have been developed for some projects; please check with the manager for their availability. Their cost is not included in the price of the AC project.
Examples:
Architectural passport
The house project passport is not included in the complete kit; it can be purchased for an additional fee.
The architectural passport of the project makes it quicker and easier to obtain a building permit, as it contains all the documents necessary to submit to local architectural authorities.
Composition of the architectural passport:
Plans in axes
Facades
Cuts in axes
The sale of the “Construction Project Passport” without purchasing the main set of working drawings is not possible.
You can also purchase an additional set of drawings (hard copy), which is usually necessary for builders.
Can I make changes to finished sections?
Changes can be made to any ready-made project, but profitability must be assessed: if the changes affect the design, the ready-made calculations will not be relevant. And the cost of the finished project, taking into account the changes made, may be higher than developing an individual one from scratch.
To carry out construction work on the site and obtain a building permit, a design of the future house is required. What is included in the project documentation set and who can help with the preparation of the project?
On the website http://www.dom2000.ru/ you can get qualified advice on this issue, get acquainted with ready-made projects and order the development of an individual project according to your requirements.
What does design documentation consist of?
To build a house you will need a set of documents consisting of:
- architectural and construction project, subject to further adaptation to the specific conditions of the site;
- site development project - this can only be provided by an architect with a special license.
The architectural and construction project consists of several parts:
- architectural project;
- design project (with drawings, plans and description);
- internal electrical network design (technical description and electrical diagram);
- design of internal sanitary systems (drawings and description of gas, water and heating systems).
- The exact placement of the foundation and the materials from which it can be built are indicated by the foundation plan. It also indicates the recommended dimensions and depth of the foundation of the house.
- Floor plans include not only the placement of individual rooms, walls and partitions on each floor, but also the proposed placement of plumbing fixtures, equipment, window and door openings. The area of each individual room must be indicated.
- The rafter system and roof plan is a system for organizing the roof structure. The rafter elements are numbered, their sizes and sections are indicated, the shape of the roof and its dimensions are indicated. If there are plane slopes, their parameters are also indicated. The presence and order of placement of roof windows, pipes and chimneys is determined.
- The drawings of the building indicate in vertical and horizontal sections all the structural elements of the future house: floors, ceilings, roofing. Methods for connecting individual elements into a single structure are also determined.
- A mandatory item is a description of the facade of the house and recommended materials for its decoration.
All customer wishes must be taken into account before work on the project begins in order to avoid the need to make large-scale changes to the finished documentation.
What is included in a typical project of an individual residential building in the video:
*information is posted for informational purposes; to thank us, share the link to the page with your friends. You can send material interesting to our readers. We will be happy to answer all your questions and suggestions, as well as hear criticism and suggestions at [email protected]
When constructing private houses, one of the important components of the successful implementation of the project is the correct preparation of all necessary documentation. This will allow you to avoid many installation errors, fully equip the property in accordance with all requirements and connect all the necessary communications, and then easily register ownership of it.
If you refuse to create a project, it will become impossible to legally obtain ownership of it; due to non-compliance with building codes, it may be unsuitable or dangerous to the lives of all residents. You may also be interested in projects of private houses. To select a project, follow the link to the website http://euro-plans.ru/.
What is included in the project?
The project of any house includes the following sections:
- Architectural. It includes basic data about the building design with detailed information about its construction in detailed drawings.
- Constructive. It represents general information about the construction project, including data on the location of structural elements with specifications for them.
- Engineering. It is necessary only if you plan to connect the house to various communications, for example, a sewerage system or a water supply system. The section includes information about the calculations carried out, the implementation of the connection and a detailed plan for their installation with specifications and names of products, materials and devices.
- Additional documentation.
Architectural section
The architectural section includes complete information about the geometry of buildings, structures, structures with complete data on their sizes, areas and materials, as well as the placement of structural elements such as windows, doors, walls, partitions on each floor. The plans also indicate the location of kitchen and sanitary premises, indicating the location of equipment in them. A roof drawing is also provided with drawings of the rafter system and its individual elements, as well as data on the roofing material. The roof plan must include a calculation of the slopes, their shape and size.
Drawings of the building's facades are presented from several angles to get a complete picture of the structure. Additionally, you will need to make drawings of cross sections of the house, which will clearly show the internal arrangement of floors, partitions, doors, stairs, etc. Then you will need to create a complete specification, which will include information about building materials and finished structures.
Structural section
The constructive section provides general data about the object and diagrams of the location of the rafter system, foundation, main load-bearing units, walls and ceilings. Additionally, as in the architectural section, there must be transverse and longitudinal sections of all elements, as well as calculations of the strength and stability of the building. The most complex connecting and mating nodes are included in separate drawings, on which not only the main dimensions are plotted, but also axial references are made. In addition, complete information is provided on the installation technologies used and the sequence of work performed.
Engineering section
The engineering section of the project indicates a complete list of all connected communications and their internal wiring inside the building. Such systems include: plumbing, sewer, electrical, heating, ventilation, etc. For each of them there must be a plan for their location, a complete specification, a list of auxiliary installations for their functionality, as well as the location of points of consumption. Calculations must be supplemented with an explanatory note.
When describing the plumbing system, communications with cold and hot water, as well as their wiring, are indicated. In the electrical communications system, a calculation of the expected loads on the network is provided to determine the power and select suitable wiring and electrical accessories. The implementation of grounding and lightning protection is also shown. A mandatory subsection in case of high thunder danger should be a description of the lightning rod system. At the end of the section there should be information indicating all the installation features, as well as connecting devices and devices.
Additional Documentation
- Complete technical description of the design and selected architecture of the building.
- Description of the purpose of the building and its functions.
- Economic indicators.
- Cost estimate for building materials with a description of the validity of their choice.
- Data on the selection of specific engineering solutions.
Conclusion
Projects of private houses contain complete general and detailed information about the main structures, building materials used, technologies and features of the construction of units, as well as all necessary calculations with explanations. Therefore, a professional approach is required to compile documentation.
House project is a document of control over the architectural and construction quality, as well as the consumption of construction and finishing materials. Having decided to build without project You will not have accurate information about what should be and how it should be, and you will not be able to control the consumption of materials and funds. The consequences may be different: the foundations may not be able to withstand the loads or there will be no stairs to the second floor.
However, the consequence construction without project is not only low architectural and construction quality and illiquidity finished house, but also the impossibility of legal conduct construction, and as a consequence - the impossibility of registering the house as property. You will need a copy of the project documentation when applying for construction permit.
House project includes two main parts: architectural and construction And engineering. Engineering documentation in most cases it has three sections: “Plumbing and sewerage”, “Heating and ventilation” and “Electrical”. Architectural and construction part should include not only facades, but also detailed drawings with dimensions and material parameters.
Company "PARTHENON" provides private house projects in the version of a complete set of working drawings, which consists of the following parts:
On architectural and construction drawings indicate the accuracy characteristics of the geometric parameters of buildings, structures, structures and their elements.
Architectural section
This section contains architectural and construction drawings, which indicate the accuracy characteristics of the geometric parameters of buildings, structures, structures and their elements.
Floor plans- they show the placement of individual rooms and their sizes, areas, placement of walls, door and window openings, kitchen and sanitary facilities, equipment;
It shows the system of structural elements of the roof and their sections;
List of assortment and quantity;
It shows its shape, dimensions, angle of inclination of the roof slope, as well as the placement of dormer windows, skylights, roof windows and ventilation pipes;
Sections of the house- they show all the elements of the building after it intersects along or across from the roof to the foundations, i.e. sections of the floor, ceilings, roof;
House facades- they show the appearance of the house from the front entrance, back and side;
Specification of door and window joinery elements- a list of windows and doors located in the project and the method of opening them;
Structural section
This section provides general data and layout diagrams of elements foundations, floors, stairs, rafter structures, detailed drawings of individual components, specifications of products and materials.
Foundation cross-section- it shows the dimensions of the tape foundations, the depth of their base, the materials used for their manufacture;
Section of floor slabs:
Assemblies of structural parts:
Folding materials used (eg: steel):
Calculations for staticity and strength.
Engineering section
This section provides diagrams of water supply and sewerage systems, electrical equipment, heating and ventilation, equipment specifications, and general explanations of calculations.
(location and description of installations inside the building):
Section on water and sewerage:
Lightning rod section.
In case of medium and large thunder danger, it is necessary to install a lightning rod.
Additional documentation:
1. Technical architectural and structural description.
2. Description of the functional solution of the building.
3. Technical and economic indicators (area, cubic capacity, etc.).
4. Description of engineering solutions and material consumption of structural elements.
5. Description of the proposed finishing materials.
Architectural passport of the project:
The architectural passport includes:
A copy of the license of the author of the project, an explanatory note, colored facades, facades along the axes, floor plans, sections along the axes, roof plan.
Familiarize yourself with the composition of the project’s construction passport
Additional drawings
Allowed scope of changes to the finished project:
Scope of adaptation changes that do not require written consent:
- Changes in the external dimensions of the horizontal projection within limits of up to 5% while maintaining the dimensions of the structural spans.
- Changes in the height of premises between 2.50 m and 3.00 m (provided that other elements of the building, such as stairs, will comply with the DBN).
- Increasing the angle of the roof slopes by approx. 10% (50).
- Changes in wall and floor covering materials, insulation materials, interior and exterior decoration, provided that the required similar parameters are maintained, i.e. strength and thermal conductivity, in accordance with DBN.
- Partitions can be built or not depending on the needs of the client.
- It is possible to introduce some modifications into the design of internal engineering installations, provided that this is done by specialists with the appropriate qualifications.
Scope of adaptation changes requiring written consent of the project author:
- Change building facade, concerning, in particular, the replacement of lucarnes with dormer windows and vice versa, moving them to another wall of the building.
- Changing the placement and size of window and door openings (also applies to replacing balcony doors with windows and vice versa).
- Changes in dimensions or extension/elimination of balconies, porches and verandas.
- Twin joining of buildings, if the project provides such an opportunity.
- Elevation of the building, change in height to the roof ridge, etc.
Mandatory scope of adaptation of the finished project:
Designer, composing construction project, which serves to obtain permission to construction, within adaptation of the finished project must:
1. On the original finished project apply the intended changes in the area of drawings and text using a durable red graphic technique.
2. Prepare adaptation foundations to local soil conditions.
3. Check or recalculate the building structure in the area of its adaptation to local conditions and standard loads resulting from the climatic zone, without the ability to introduce changes to the shape and external dimensions of the building, without changing the angle of inclination of the roof slopes, the height of the walls and the size of the windows.
4. Sign project as author home adaptations to a specific development, indicating the type and number of design rights that it has.
5. Attach a statement of fulfillment project in accordance with building codes and regulations.
Project improvement of the land plot should be placed in a separate folder, which together with this architectural and construction project will be a set construction project.
Attention!
Changes and adjustments to project we don't contribute!
All projects are sold as they appear on the website. Projects possible in a different execution technology. Timing and cost project are discussed separately.