We do the heating of the bathhouse with our own hands: an overview of water and gas heating. Heating in the bathhouse

Content:

The issue of heat supply to the bathhouse must be addressed after insulation work, before interior finishing. In compact buildings, the easiest way is to build a heater, the power of which is sufficient to heat the steam room, washing compartment and dressing room. In large rooms it is necessary to install full heating using a pipeline.

Types of fuel for a bath with water heating

To simplify the task, you can install water heating in the bathhouse from home. In winter, you can maintain the optimal temperature in the building in this way. However, in this case, a separate circuit is still required to heat it in the summer.

Water heating of a bath can be carried out using different types of fuel:

Gas. In this case, to warm up the boiler, it is necessary to connect to the general gas supply system and install the appropriate equipment. But many settlements nowadays are not gasified. And the use of liquefied fuel in cylinders is a fire hazard.
Electricity. To heat in this way, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. The main advantage is the possibility of installation without a chimney. The disadvantages include the high cost and the need for a three-phase network for a boiler with a power of 12 kW or more.
Firewood. Such a stove is capable of heating all rooms as efficiently as possible. Wood is a traditional fuel for steam rooms. However, the process of collecting firewood and lighting the stove is quite labor-intensive.

Liquid fuel is not economically profitable and is very flammable. Requires special precautions. Not recommended for heating a bath.

Once you have decided on the type of fuel, select the appropriate stove. The market offers many production models of varying quality in a wide price range. However, if you wish, you can build it yourself.

The most efficient and high-quality way to heat a bathhouse is with a wood-burning stove. Traditionally, a steel or brick structure is installed. In the first case, due to the high heat transfer and the thickness of the walls, the rooms warm up faster. Firing a brick kiln takes more time, but the heat is stored longer due to the ability of the brick to accumulate it.

Manufacturing a water boiler for heating a bathhouse

For these purposes, you can use conventional cast iron radiators M-140. We will need 12 sections. Each of them has a capacity of 1.5 liters and an area of 0.254 m2. The total volume of the structure will be 18 liters, and the area will be 3 m 2.

To use, you need to convert the radiator according to the following instructions:

We take out the cardboard spacers between the sections.
Prepare a mixture of drying oil and graphite. We impregnate the asbestos cord with it and lay it instead of gaskets. This will prevent burning at high temperatures.
We wash each section with a six percent solution of hydrochloric acid, and then with a large amount of ordinary water. This is necessary to remove dirt and rust.
We assemble the individual parts into one structure in the reverse order, using nipples with right and left threads on the sides for fixation. The sections will be attracted by scrolling the nipple.
When the distance between them reaches two centimeters, we wind the cord with impregnation and make the final tightening of the fasteners.

After assembling the structure and waiting for the drying oil to dry completely, you need to apply liquid under pressure and check the tightness of the joints for efficient and durable operation of the structure.

Wood-burning stove for a sauna with water heating

It is advisable to consider the location for installing the stove at the construction stage. Due to the large weight, an additional foundation must be poured under the stone structure.

We carry out work on the construction of a wood-burning stove for a bathhouse with water heating in the following sequence:

We dig a pit about 0.7 meters deep. We fill a sand cushion 15 cm thick, spill it with water and tamp it thoroughly. On top we make a layer of broken brick or crushed stone.
We install wooden formwork along the walls of the pit. We mount the frame from the reinforcement and insert it into the recess.
Pour the concrete, leaving 15 cm to the top.
We dismantle the formwork and fill the resulting space with sand.
We cover the top part with rolled waterproofing in two layers. The best option is roofing felt.
We check the horizontalness of the foundation. Small irregularities can be covered with intermediate dry brickwork.
We make a solution of clay and water, the consistency of thick sour cream. When completely dissolved, add sand in a one to one ratio with clay.
We wet the bricks with water and lay the first row tightly, checking the corners and horizontality.
On the third row, we fix the blower door with galvanized wire or a steel strip.
On the fourth, we set up an ash well.
On the sixth, we finally secure the ash door.
On the seventh, we install grate bars. The size of the firebox must be calculated taking into account the installation of the boiler. On the first row of the firebox we form a special side and install a corner. We leave 2 openings in the side walls for pipes to exit. It is better to choose doors for the fuel compartment from fireproof durable cast iron.
On the eighth row we build a partition to connect to the chimney and continue this installation until the fourteenth, on which it is necessary to install channels.
We place the halves of bricks from the fifteenth to the eighteenth rows at an angle. This will become the basis for the dividing wall.
On the next row we make a door for steam exhaust and lay thin metal strips that connect the twentieth and twenty-first brick rows. After this, close the door frame.
We begin installing the chimney pipe from the 23rd row, forming channels for heat dissipation.

Please note that the wall inside the fuel compartment and chimney should be as flat and smooth as possible. Every five rows you need to wipe the inside surface.

Installation of a boiler for water heating of a bath and pipe routing

The cast iron structure must be placed behind the firebox chamber. It will be heated not by the flame, but by the gas. To install the equipment correctly, we follow this procedure:

We place the radiator on pre-made corners, maintaining a distance to the walls of about 5-6 mm. The gap will compensate for the thermal expansion of the structure.
If the selected pipes for connection to the boiler have seams, then additionally weld them before installation.
We connect the inch water supply and return pipes diagonally. In a place with a right-hand thread, simply screw in the product. On the left, we use a coupling with a squeegee and a nipple for fixation.
We install the water supply pipe perpendicular to the floor at the top point, and install the return pipe in the underground space and connect it from below. This is necessary for improved circulation.
We close the two extra holes of the product with a plug.
When welding pipes together, we remove the chamfer along the cut contour to ensure that the weld seam fills the entire thickness with a high-quality weld and securely fixes the parts. If the steam room warms up infrequently in winter, you can add antifreeze to the system instead of water.

Installation of a water heated floor in a bathhouse with water heating

Although this device will be more expensive, it is capable of heating the room as quickly and efficiently as possible. Heat flows throughout the entire perimeter of the room, rather than from one source. In this case, the heated air rises.

You can install heated floors in a water-heated bathhouse yourself in the following order:

We level the surface and carry out insulation work.
We lay aluminum foil on the rough coating, with the reflective coating facing upwards, overlapping by 15-20 cm. We glue the joints with reinforced tape.
We install the manifold cabinet by cutting a hole of 0.6x0.4x0.12 meters near the surface of the flooring.
We insert supply and return pipes into it, and attach metal shut-off valves to them using compression fittings.
We connect the circulation pump and the splitter. It is better to equip the latter with an automatic air exhaust system and a drain valve.
Along the perimeter we lay metal-plastic pipes with a diameter of 2 cm or more in a parallel or spiral manner with a step of about 0.3 meters. For these purposes we use clips and clamps. Maintain a distance of 7 cm from the nearest wall.
We connect one end of the pipe to the general heating system (supply manifold). We connect the second edge to the return device.
We let in water under pressure one and a half times higher than the working pressure. If the system holds up and the temperature is uniform everywhere, then we proceed to pouring the cement-sand screed.

The assembled manifold cabinet can be purchased at appropriate stores. It is necessary to choose quality pipes from reputable manufacturers.

Watch a video about water heating of a bath:

Water heating in a bathhouse is one of the most effective methods of heat supply. It is popular in large steam rooms. You can equip it yourself, but the process is labor-intensive and requires strict adherence to the rules. And the combination of such a system with the high heat output of a wood-burning heater will allow you to maintain the optimal temperature in the room for a long time.

Heating in a bathhouse is a personal matter for everyone. But for bathing procedures to be a joy in winter, the interior must be comfortable. Thanks to heating in the bathhouse in winter, you can quickly heat the rooms, using a minimum amount of firewood, install running water and have a hot shower with an equipped bathroom.

Heating a bathhouse in winter

The classic heating of a bathhouse is a metal or brick heater. To maintain the air temperature in the steam room and other rooms, additional equipment is required.

Some people prefer water heating. With this type of heating, water floors or radiators are connected to the heating system of the house or to a heating plant.

Many people prefer electric heating due to ease of use. You can always quickly heat a small room using a few electrical appliances.

Heating by stove-stove

If the sauna is small, then a heater is the best option. It will easily heat the room without additional heat sources and money costs. Its popularity is due to a number of advantages:

ease of installation and maintenance;
ease of operation;
availability of fuel.

There are also disadvantages:

high fire hazard;
release of combustion products;
there is no way to automate room heating;
large weight and size of the oven.

Today, heaters operate on a variety of fuels. These are firewood, gas, electricity, liquid fuel. The choice depends on material wealth and the technical capabilities of the equipment itself.

Heating by furnaces with heat exchangers

Such heating heats the room, provides it with hot water and produces steam. Heat exchangers are used in steam rooms, washing rooms, rest rooms, showers, swimming pools, and dressing rooms.

When designing a bathhouse using this heating method, the following are taken into account:

dimensions and area of the room;
stove features;
weight of heating equipment;
coolant volume;
length and diameter of the chimney.

Heating can be connected to an expansion tank, to radiators, to hot water supply.

Many furnaces with a heat exchanger are filled with antifreeze or water. The operating principle is based on the natural circulation of liquid due to temperature differences. Some are equipped with an electric pump.

Warning! The heat exchanger cannot be heated if the tank is not filled with water. In winter, the system should be drained.

Electric heating system

This type of heating requires special attention to the electrical network of the room, since there will be a large load due to thermal electrical appliances. The wiring must be in perfect order.

It is necessary to take into account the wiring diagram, wire cross-section and the total load on the electrical network.

With this type of heating, you can use an electric boiler, electric heater, electric convector, or infrared film. Infrared heaters are fully used.

Modern electric boilers are equipped with automatic controls that maintain the temperature in the bathhouse.

This heating can be used throughout the year.

Gas heating system

A sauna with gas heating is fast, efficient and economical. There are no unpleasant odors, no soot or soot. Gas equipment is compact, lightweight and does not take up much space. There is no need to think about heating the water, it is heated using gas.

Advantages of a sauna with gas heating:

Cheap and environmentally friendly fuel.
Easy maintenance and use of the device.
Safety in use.

Important! When using a gas heating system, safety regulations must be followed. The bathhouse must be equipped with an automatic system that will stop the gas supply in an emergency.

Water heating system

A water heating system is a practical, convenient and affordable way to heat a bathhouse in winter.

It heats the room quickly and evenly and automatically maintains the temperature. The coolant is water. Fuel can be electricity, gas, solid or liquid fuel. Heating equipment – boiler or furnace.

Heating system with heated floors

It has become very fashionable to install heated floors in bathhouses as an additional source of heat. They are done in a relaxation room, steam room or wash room.

The coolant can be heated with wood. In this case, the electricity consumption will be approximately 45 watts for two circulation pumps.

Making such floors is not difficult. The main thing is to choose the correct pipe diameter, calculate the pump power and circuit resistance.

It is imperative to conduct two separate circuits: to the relaxation room and to the steam room with a washing room. It is necessary to install taps to regulate the temperature.

To increase the speed of water circulation in the system, you need to connect the hot water tank to the boiler with copper pipes with a diameter of 22 mm.

Advantages of water heated floors:

the heating system is located inside the floor;
not only small, but also large areas are heated evenly;
saving energy resources.

Heated floors can be water or electric.

Heating system from the heating main

Today, modern technologies make it possible to carry out heating from a house to a bathhouse. This requires time and financial costs. Coordination with the relevant authorities is necessary.

During such work, it is necessary to take into account the passage of groundwater so that the pipes do not end up in water. The pipeline must be insulated. Place a corrugated pipe or larger diameter pipe on top.

The closer the objects are to each other, the cheaper it will be to heat a bathhouse in winter.

Alternative and mixed heating options

Such methods of heating a room are popular and practical. The best solution for mixed heating would be the case when the bathhouse is used infrequently. You can heat the bathhouse from a stove and install electric heating.

Advice! If the bathhouse is not used constantly in winter, then it is necessary to drain the water from the boiler, water heater, pipes, and toilet tank (if there is one). This will save you from unnecessary problems.

Alternative heating sources can be divided into main and additional groups. The main ones completely heat the entire room. And additional ones support the operation of the main heat source.

An alternative heating option is a diesel fuel boiler. It must be installed in a separate room due to the specific smell of fuel. It is also important to think about where to store diesel fuel.

You can use pyrolysis heating boilers. In them, the fuel burns for a long time and almost completely. But the disadvantage of such a boiler is its high cost and difficulty in operation.

If the stove is brick, then the heating of the bathhouse from the sauna stove can be carried out in the steam room. This option is effective if the bathhouse is rarely used and the area is small.

Alternative heating options can include heat pumps, electric convectors, solar collectors, and water heating.

All systems can be divided into two types of heating:

equipment with forced circulation;
equipment with natural circulation.

With forced circulation, the coolant moves thanks to the pump. It maintains the required temperature and pressure in the system. It requires electricity to operate.

Natural circulation includes the boiler, batteries, expansion tank and pipes. We need competent pipe routing and correct calculation of their slope. The disadvantage is that the expansion tank must be at the highest point.

How to make heating in a bathhouse

Heating in the bathhouse is necessary to provide convenience.

One type of heating is automatic. Separate heating can be provided by electric convectors or electric boilers, as well as gas boilers. All of them can work offline. You can set it so that the room temperature is slightly above zero. This will prevent water from draining from the toilet tank, pipes, or electric boiler.

There is a minus in this system. Since it is autonomous, you may not notice that a failure has occurred and the temperature may drop below zero. Therefore, you need to install a temperature sensor with a signal.

How to install heating in a bathhouse from home

You can install both gas or electric boilers and stone or metal stoves. But these are all quite complex structures.

To heat a bathhouse from home, you can lay a heating main there. Install radiators in the house. Such a system will operate from heating in the house.

Heating a bathhouse from a sauna stove

The easiest heating method to manufacture, operate and maintain is heating a bathhouse from a sauna stove. The stove is installed directly in the steam room, and the firebox is installed in the dressing room.

Brick kilns maintain temperature for a very long time, but they must be heated for at least 5 hours. And it takes even longer to heat a bathhouse in winter.

High cost is another disadvantage. It is very difficult to build such a stove yourself. The help of an experienced stove maker is needed.

Heating the dressing room from a sauna stove

In most cases, a classic sauna is heated with one heat source. The stove is installed in the steam room so that all rooms can be heated. A tank of water is placed near the washing room.

It is very important that each element of the stove is made of refractory material. Therefore, it must be built from brick. Such an oven will take up a lot of space and be large.

The ideal option would be a stove with a tank and an open heater. The firebox is equipped with a register, the lower edge of which is located 50 cm above the register. It will prevent premature boiling of water.

Is it possible to make heating from a tank?

To install a heating system from a tank, you need to know its operating specifics and operating rules. It is necessary to take into account the volume of the room and power consumption.

There are mounted and built-in tanks. There are also set-up tanks - a container of water is placed on top of a heated oven.

Comment! You can use the already created heat: a tank is hung on the chimney, the water is heated, and the temperature there can reach 500 degrees.

These methods do not supply hot water to the shower. Remote water tanks can do this. The heat exchanger is placed in the furnace, and a tank is hung next to it or in the attic. The system is connected by pipes through which water will flow. Thanks to the heat exchanger, it is heated and supplied to the shower through the tank. This heating system is simple and effective.

Overhead tanks are sealed containers with a lid and a tap for draining water. Attached to the wall using metal hooks. Made from stainless steel.

Attached water tank - an inclined pipe sealed at the end is welded into the furnace. The other end is at the bottom of the tank. Cold water rises through an inclined pipe, where it is heated to a boil. Hot air bubbles transfer heat.

How to make heating in a log bath

Three types of heating are installed in wooden houses: water, electric and air. Each has pros and cons.

The most popular type of log heating is water.

Economical.
High heat capacity.

Difficult to install.
The need to constantly monitor the heat generator.
In winter, be sure to drain the water from the heating system.

Such heating systems are:

with bottom or top wiring;
passing or dead-end;
single-pipe or double-pipe;
vertical and horizontal;
with a pump or natural movement of water.

Two-pipe systems are less aesthetically pleasing than single-pipe systems.

Electric heating has several advantages:

The heat supply level is easily adjusted.
Small dimensions of heating devices.
The heating is environmentally friendly and silent.

Air heating has only one advantage - high penetrating power.

But there are many more disadvantages:

large stoves and fireplaces;
very low heat transfer;
uneven distribution of air in the room;
expensive heating systems.

Before installing systems, you should weigh the advantages and disadvantages and possibly consult with a specialist in the industry.

Conclusion

Heating in a bathhouse is the most important thing that needs to be paid attention to during construction. The bathhouse is one of the best relaxation places where you can have a pleasant time with family or friends. If it is warm and cozy there, then you will relax your soul and body.

To maintain optimal temperature in all bath rooms, it is best to heat the bath using a heater installed in the steam room. For small-sized baths, consisting of a dressing room, a wash room and a steam room, a single stove, as a rule, is installed in such a way that the heater is located in the steam room, the stove firebox is located in the dressing room, and the storage tank for heated water is located in the wash room.

Simplified bath heating systems

The easiest to manufacture, maintain and operate is the system in which the bath is heated from a stove in the steam room. That is, the stove-heater, which provides maximum heating of the surrounding air and the production of heated steam, is located in a steam room, and its combustion part, through which flammable material is loaded, is taken out to the dressing room. At the same time, due to the implementation of such a design, the bath is heated from the sauna stove simultaneously in both the steam room and the dressing room. In this case, the washing compartment of the bathhouse is heated by placing a hot water tank in it, and, if necessary, an additional heating battery.

The storage tank, located in the washing compartment of the bathhouse, is connected by pipes to a heat exchanger heated by a sauna stove. The water in the storage tank is heated using a circulation pump that pumps water through a heat exchanger located either directly in the fuel combustion area or on the chimney pipe of the stove.

A sauna stove with a heat exchanger for heating and obtaining the required amount of hot water is the most effective and simple way to maintain optimal temperature in all rooms of the sauna. This combined design is quite economical in terms of fuel consumption, generates a large amount of heat and has a relatively short time to reach operating mode.

Bath stoves and their features

If necessary, a sauna stove with a heating circuit can be quite versatile both in terms of operating mode and the fuel used in it. Such a furnace can be used either in a continuous combustion mode, or in a cyclic mode, with periodic loading of combustible material. Natural gas, wood, charcoal or fuel pellets can be used as fuel. In addition, electric stoves of appropriate power can be used to heat the bath and heat the water.

Continuous combustion furnaces are usually made from steel. Such a furnace heats up quickly and cools down quickly when the fuel supply to it is stopped. Sometimes the surface of steel stoves is lined with decorative non-flammable material, which increases its safety and heat capacity.

Stoves used in cyclic mode for heating a room must have a high heat capacity and the ability to retain heat for a long time after the fuel supply has stopped. They are made from refractory bricks, which have a large mass and high heat capacity. Such an oven, after heating, can maintain a high temperature for quite a long time. The disadvantages of such furnaces include a long time to reach the operating mode, that is, a long time for heating the furnace in a cold state.

To organize the supply of hot water to the bathhouse, as well as for heating the premises, stoves equipped with forced circulation systems of hot water, as well as heat exchangers, are used.

Furnaces with heat exchangers

Furnaces equipped with heat exchange devices allow you to successfully solve all the problems of heating a room, heating water, and creating steam. Heating a bathhouse from the heat exchanger of a bathhouse stove can include not only the main rooms of the bathhouse, but also auxiliary ones, for example, a shower room, a relaxation room, a swimming pool, a billiard room, etc.

When designing a stove equipped with heat exchange devices, even at the stage of building a bathhouse, the following should be taken into account:

dimensions of the bathhouse and area of heated premises;
dimensions and weight of the furnace;
specific gravity of the heating device;
the number of heat exchange devices included in the furnace kit;
the total volume and composition of the circulating coolant;
diameter and length of the chimney.

Sauna stoves with a heat exchanger can be connected using heat-insulated pipes:

To a remote tank for heating water used in the washing section of the bathhouse.
To heating radiators located in the service areas of the bathhouse - recreation room, billiard room, etc.
To a hot water supply and water heating system, which includes not only the main and service areas of the bathhouse, but also the living areas of the house.

Stoves for heating baths with wood come with an internal or external heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger is located in the combustion chamber between the body and the casing. It uses heat obtained directly from the combustion of fuel and heating of the furnace.

An external heat exchanger is installed around the chimney pipe. It uses the heat given off by heated gases when they are removed outside. Due to the increased volume of the external heat exchanger, its operating efficiency increases. Using the heat of the gases escaping through the chimney allows you to save fuel and increase the efficiency of the furnace by reducing the temperature of the exhaust gases.

In a cast iron stove, water is heated in a heat exchanger by exhaust flue gases and thermal radiation. The heat exchanger body is located in the upper part of the firebox in the area of the chimney.

A brick stove for a bath involves the location of a heat exchanger inside the brickwork in close proximity to the firebox. This somewhat increases the thermal inertia of the heat exchanger, and also reduces the likelihood of its overheating or oxidation of its surface under the influence of open fire.

The heat exchanger that provides heating of the bath from the stove in the steam room must correspond in technical parameters to the effective power of the water heating system, the operating pressure in the system, the volume and composition of the circulating coolant.

Features of a sauna stove with a heat exchanger

A sauna stove equipped with a heat exchanger has certain design features.

These include, in particular:

tube supply system for coolant circulation;
thickened body walls;
increased volume of the heater;
the presence of an air distributor is mandatory;
firebox door made of heat-resistant glass.

The heat exchanger operates due to the constant circulation of water through all devices that make up the heating system in the bathhouse. To effectively use the heat exchanger, the length of each connecting pipe should be a maximum of 3 m. Especially if there is no external thermal insulation of the pipe.

Subject to fire safety rules, as well as the presence of forced ventilation and thermoregulation systems, a universal stove for baths and home heating can be equipped with a heat exchanger. The stove itself can be located in the bathhouse and connected to the living quarters of the house using a thermally insulated heating pipeline and supplying the home with hot water.

To organize water circulation in the central heating system, as well as to supply hot water to the premises of the house and to the washing compartment of the bathhouse, an automated pumping station is used to maintain constant pressure in the line.

The simplest design of a universal stove is an electric stove with separate electric heaters for the stove sections with a heat exchanger and the heater.

Such a furnace can operate in several modes, namely:

In the mode of heating the residential premises of the house and its hot water supply (DHW) while maintaining the minimum required temperature in the bathhouse premises during the cold season.
In heating mode for baths and the entire house with hot water supply during the cold season.
Organization of heating of the bathhouse and heater in the summer.

A similar stove for bathing and heating at the same time can be created in the form of a continuous device using natural gas or fuel pellets. Using charcoal or wood as fuel in this case is difficult and has certain technical difficulties. After all, wood or coal stoves do not provide the ability to automatically adjust the temperature. This can lead to sudden temperature changes in the heating line.

If it is possible to connect to a natural gas main or an industrial voltage electric cable, you can make a sauna stove from a heating boiler operating on gas or electricity, respectively. Such a stove can perform the functions of a heating and water heating system. Together with the heating boiler in the bathhouse, you can also install a small steel wood-burning stove in the steam room.

If the central heating system of the house has sufficient power, the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse can be heated using it. To do this, heat-insulated pipes are laid from the home heating system to the bathhouse, to which heating radiators for the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse are connected. In this case, the stove-heater can only be used to heat the steam or washing section of the bath, if necessary.

If the distance from the water heating boiler of a residential building to the bathhouse is small, then heat loss with such a heating system can be minimal. In addition, the presence of an independent external heating system will allow you to maintain the optimal temperature in the bathhouse during the winter. This is required to prevent freezing of water supply and sewerage pipes, as well as the bathhouse itself. The combination of heating systems of a residential building and a bathhouse in this case can be of an auxiliary, backup nature.

Water heating bath

You can equip water heating in a bathhouse yourself, starting from making a homemade boiler, laying out a wood-burning stove from bricks and ending with installing a “warm floor” system. The main thing is to strictly follow the technology at each of these stages. The issue of heat supply to the bathhouse must be addressed after insulation work, before interior finishing. In compact buildings, the easiest way is to build a heater, the power of which is sufficient to heat the steam room, washing compartment and dressing room. In large rooms it is necessary to install full heating using a pipeline.

Types of fuel for a bath with water heating

Gas. In this case, to warm up the boiler, it is necessary to connect to the general gas supply system and install the appropriate equipment. But many settlements nowadays are not gasified. And the use of liquefied fuel in cylinders is a fire hazard.
Electricity. To heat in this way, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. The main advantage is the possibility of installation without a chimney. The disadvantages include the high cost and the need for a three-phase network for a boiler with a power of 12 kW or more.
Firewood. Such a stove is capable of heating all rooms as efficiently as possible. Wood is a traditional fuel for steam rooms. However, the process of collecting firewood and lighting the stove is quite labor-intensive.

Liquid fuel is not economically profitable and is very flammable. Requires special precautions. Not recommended for heating a bath.
Once you have decided on the type of fuel, select the appropriate stove. The market offers many production models of varying quality in a wide price range. However, if you wish, you can build it yourself.
The most efficient and high-quality way to heat a bathhouse is with a wood-burning stove. Traditionally, a steel or brick structure is installed. In the first case, due to the high heat transfer and the thickness of the walls, the rooms warm up faster. Firing a brick kiln takes more time, but the heat is stored longer due to the ability of the brick to accumulate it.

Manufacturing a water boiler for heating a bathhouse

We take out the cardboard spacers between the sections.
Prepare a mixture of drying oil and graphite. We impregnate the asbestos cord with it and lay it instead of gaskets. This will prevent burning at high temperatures.
We wash each section with a six percent solution of hydrochloric acid, and then with a large amount of ordinary water. This is necessary to remove dirt and rust.
We assemble the individual parts into one structure in the reverse order, using nipples with right and left threads on the sides for fixation. The sections will be attracted by scrolling the nipple.
When the distance between them reaches two centimeters, we wind the cord with impregnation and make the final tightening of the fasteners.

Wood-burning stove for a sauna with water heating

It is advisable to consider the location for installing the stove at the construction stage. Due to the large weight, an additional foundation must be poured under the stone structure.
We carry out work on the construction of a wood-burning stove for a bathhouse with water heating in the following sequence:

We dig a pit about 0.7 meters deep. We fill a sand cushion 15 cm thick, spill it with water and tamp it thoroughly. On top we make a layer of broken brick or crushed stone.
We install wooden formwork along the walls of the pit. We mount the frame from the reinforcement and insert it into the recess.
Pour the concrete, leaving 15 cm to the top.
We dismantle the formwork and fill the resulting space with sand.
We cover the top part with rolled waterproofing in two layers. The best option is roofing felt.
We check the horizontalness of the foundation. Small irregularities can be covered with intermediate dry brickwork.
We make a solution of clay and water, the consistency of thick sour cream. When completely dissolved, add sand in a one to one ratio with clay.
We wet the bricks with water and lay the first row tightly, checking the corners and horizontality.
On the third row, we fix the blower door with galvanized wire or a steel strip.
On the fourth, we set up an ash well.
On the sixth, we finally secure the ash door.
On the seventh, we install grate bars. The size of the firebox must be calculated taking into account the installation of the boiler. On the first row of the firebox we form a special side and install a corner. We leave 2 openings in the side walls for pipes to exit. It is better to choose doors for the fuel compartment from fireproof durable cast iron.
On the eighth row we build a partition to connect to the chimney and continue this installation until the fourteenth, on which it is necessary to install channels.
We place the halves of bricks from the fifteenth to the eighteenth rows at an angle. This will become the basis for the dividing wall.
On the next row we make a door for steam exhaust and lay thin metal strips that connect the twentieth and twenty-first brick rows. After this, close the door frame.
We begin installing the chimney pipe from the 23rd row, forming channels for heat dissipation.

Please note that the wall inside the fuel compartment and chimney should be as flat and smooth as possible. Every five rows you need to wipe the inside surface.

Installation of a boiler for water heating of a bath and pipe routing

The cast iron structure must be placed behind the firebox chamber. It will be heated not by the flame, but by the gas. To install the equipment correctly, we follow this procedure:

We place the radiator on pre-made corners, maintaining a distance to the walls of about 5-6 mm. The gap will compensate for the thermal expansion of the structure.
If the selected pipes for connection to the boiler have seams, then additionally weld them before installation.
We connect the inch water supply and return pipes diagonally. In a place with a right-hand thread, simply screw in the product. On the left, we use a coupling with a squeegee and a nipple for fixation.
We install the water supply pipe perpendicular to the floor at the top point, and install the return pipe in the underground space and connect it from below. This is necessary for improved circulation.
We close the two extra holes of the product with a plug.
When welding pipes together, we remove the chamfer along the cut contour to ensure that the weld seam fills the entire thickness with a high-quality weld and securely fixes the parts. If the steam room warms up infrequently in winter, you can add antifreeze to the system instead of water.

Installation of a water heated floor in a bathhouse with water heating

We level the surface and carry out insulation work.
We lay aluminum foil on the rough coating, with the reflective coating facing upwards, overlapping by 15-20 cm. We glue the joints with reinforced tape.
We install the manifold cabinet by cutting a hole of 0.6x0.4x0.12 meters near the surface of the flooring.
We insert supply and return pipes into it, and attach metal shut-off valves to them using compression fittings.
We connect the circulation pump and the splitter. It is better to equip the latter with an automatic air exhaust system and a drain valve.
Along the perimeter we lay metal-plastic pipes with a diameter of 2 cm or more in a parallel or spiral manner with a step of about 0.3 meters. For these purposes we use clips and clamps. Maintain a distance of 7 cm from the nearest wall.
We connect one end of the pipe to the general heating system (supply manifold). We connect the second edge to the return device.
We let in water under pressure one and a half times higher than the working pressure. If the system holds up and the temperature is uniform everywhere, then we proceed to pouring the cement-sand screed.

The assembled manifold cabinet can be purchased at appropriate stores. It is necessary to choose quality pipes from reputable manufacturers.
Watch a video about water heating of a bath:

Water heating in a bathhouse is one of the most effective methods of heat supply. It is popular in large steam rooms. You can equip it yourself, but the process is labor-intensive and requires strict adherence to the rules. And the combination of such a system with the high heat output of a wood-burning heater will allow you to maintain the optimal temperature in the room for a long time. Author: editors of TutKnow.ru

Options for organizing heating in a bathhouse

The bathhouse has always been a special ritual for Russian people. Heating in a bathhouse is one of the most difficult elements, since its task is to simultaneously heat air and water to the desired temperature. Only with the correct selection and installation of a sauna stove can you fully enjoy a unique ritual. Therefore, more and more owners of country cottages are thinking about how to install heating in the bathhouse.

Many connoisseurs choose a stone stove for a bath. Such solutions look great and heat the air perfectly, but are expensive and take up a lot of space. Therefore, metal heating stoves have recently gained popularity. However, they are not suitable for year-round use as they cool down very quickly. Heating a bathhouse in winter using metal stoves requires constant heating of the heat exchanger, that is, in winter you need to constantly be indoors and keep the stove on.

Methods for organizing a heating system in a bathhouse

Regardless of the heating option chosen, the circuit may look as shown in Fig. 1.

Heating a bathhouse with your own hands can be done using the following methods:

Heating via gas boilers

Gas boilers are capable of uninterrupted heating of large rooms, and our blue fuel is not too expensive. This method is very economical and does not harm the environment.

The only drawback of gas heating is that for this it is necessary to have a developed project and monitor its implementation. In addition, gas mains are currently not widespread enough in dachas and villages, so most often it is necessary to look for a way to heat a bathhouse without gas.

Water heating units

The electricity bill will be quite affordable, since in this case the water temperature is controlled automatically and will not rise above the set value. In the winter season, in order to avoid freezing of the heat exchanger, you can set the operating temperature to +5°C, and when visiting the bathhouse, raise it to a comfortable level. If you want to save money, you can install an induction, electrode or heating element boiler. Their performance properties are not very outstanding, but they consume 30% less electricity, which is especially important during times of crisis.

Warming up the air with heated floors and convectors

Convectors are an expensive option in terms of equipment and electricity bills. However, the convection method allows you to automatically regulate the thermal mode of heating the dressing room and the bath itself. Convectors can be used economically by analogy with water heaters: set the temperature to +5°C in winter, thereby avoiding freezing of the system and excessive consumption of electricity.

Another comfortable way to heat the air is with heated electric floors. Unlike the first heated floors, modern models are protected from mechanical damage, and if any track fails, the floor continues to perform its functions. The main disadvantage of this method is that the system must be installed at the construction stage or undergo major repairs.

Advice from the master!

Both methods require carefully thought-out insulation of the bathhouse to save electricity.

Pellet and solid fuel boilers

If you want to save on heating, you can use solid fuel boilers. Coal or firewood is used as a consumable material. The disadvantage is that a large amount of material will be required to achieve the optimal temperature. In addition, in this case, constant access to the fuel loading site is necessary, and in winter this can be significantly difficult.

There are combination boilers on the market that allow you to use electricity in the absence of solid fuel. But they can only be used to heat water. In addition, installation of combined systems is very difficult.

A more expensive option is pellet boilers. They are widely used in European countries because the fuel is supplied automatically. Pellet does not produce a lot of soot, so such heating systems need to be serviced once every 1.5 months. As mentioned above, electricity is required to ignite these boilers. But diesel generators and batteries can be used as a source. The only disadvantage of such solutions is the high price of the boiler. But it is more than offset by cost savings during operation, so pellet boilers can be considered the optimal solution.

Connecting a bathhouse to home heating

Heating a bathhouse from home became possible relatively recently. To organize it, you need to lay the heating main yourself. In this case, the correct functioning of the unit is possible if the following conditions are met:

when designing, it is necessary to take into account the location of groundwater, since pipes should not be exposed to excessive moisture;
the pipeline should be insulated and protected from groundwater with a larger diameter pipe;
location of the bathhouse in close proximity to the house.

The last point is especially important.

Advice from the master!

If the sauna is located far enough from the dacha or cottage, you may encounter a problem inherent in modern centralized heating systems: by the time the water reaches its destination, it can cool down so much that it will not affect the temperature in the sauna. If the distance is not too great, then a heating main laid from the house to the bathhouse will be an excellent solution.

One of the problems that will need to be solved in the process of planning a sauna is related to the correct choice of heating scheme for the sauna. The heater built into the steam room can provide only a third of the heat needs in the bathhouse, and even then most of it will be spent on boiling water and washing, so without additional heat sources, heating a bathhouse in winter can turn into a serious problem.

Possible bath heating options

With the advent of modern sauna stoves, the problem of heating a room has turned from a purely technical problem into an economic problem. Owners of modern saunas and steam rooms, when choosing how to heat their baths, are forced to balance between efficiency and comfort.

The bath heating system is selected based on its design and available energy sources. Today there are four main methods of heating a room:

Heating of the bathhouse from a sauna stove. Depending on the size, the interior space can be heated with boilers and stoves using wood or gas fuel;
Use of additional electric convectors, installation of electric water boilers complete with radiators or underfloor heating system;
Equipment in the utility room of the bathhouse for an additional heating stove using wood, liquid or solid fuel;
Connecting the bathhouse to a heating plant or to the heating system of private housing construction.

It is clear that the choice of a suitable scheme is always made with the expectation of providing the required level of heating for the bathhouse in winter. And it’s not even a matter of low temperature in the waiting room or locker room; the level of heating is directly related to air humidity and condensation.

For your information! The approximate level of heat load in maximum cold weather should be at least 1000 W/h per m2 of steam room and 600 W/h per square of the dressing room and locker room.

Most often, problems arise in wooden log buildings heated by the heat of the brickwork of the heater. Therefore, before heating a log bath, you need to think about the ventilation system in the steam room and washing department.

Heating in the bathhouse using the main stove

Just a couple of decades ago, ensuring a comfortable thermal regime in a bathhouse was ensured by the accumulated heat of the brickwork on the back side of the stove. The loading tunnel of the combustion chamber led into the dressing room, and the stove itself was built into the partition in such a way that the rear brickwork was divided in equal parts between the rest room, the locker room and the washing compartment.

In modern baths, brick stoves are built of much more modest sizes, so more efficient, cheap designs are widely used for heating the room:

Water heating from a gas or wood-burning sauna boiler;
Built-in heating from a heat exchanger or tank installed on the main stove of the bathhouse;
Boiler heating using a heat accumulator connected to a sauna stove.

In addition, baths made of adobe blocks, adobe and adobe often use heating using hot air flowing through the stove registers through clay channels in the walls and subfloor of the room. The method is incredibly reliable and easy to use, but requires highly qualified craftsmen. Used primarily in dry continental climates.

Heating a sauna with a fireplace

Using a fireplace stove is considered one of the most effective ways to heat a small bathhouse in a country house or guest house. In this case, the sauna stove consists of two parts:

A brick stove-heater with a combustion chamber, which is loaded with firewood from the steam room;
A fireplace facade attached to the heater and overlooking the locker room or dressing room.

The fireplace and heater are combined into one brick structure; moreover, their chimneys are connected in one chimney. The large weight of a brick stove does not affect the quality of heating in any way.

Important! The fireplace should be heated first, and only after the chimney has warmed up can a fire be lit in the firebox of the heater. Otherwise, the fumes from the fireplace will burn out in the steam room of the bathhouse.

Organization of a water circuit using a stove-boiler

The simplest heating option involves the use of a special boiler model with a built-in water circulation circuit. To organize heating it is enough:

Install and connect the expansion tank, pipes and pump to the water circuit;
Hang aluminum radiators in the dressing room and washing area.

It is clear that before heating the bathhouse using a stove, you will need to perform a simple calculation of heat transfer in each room. If the boiler is gas, then set a comfortable air temperature in the locker room or washing department. Automatic combustion is capable of maintaining the temperature in the water circuit with an accuracy of one degree.

For your information! The main advantage of boilers with a built-in additional water jacket circuit is the unlimited amount of hot water that can be obtained for the needs of a home, cottage or summer kitchen.

It’s another matter if the stove-boiler with a water circuit runs on wood or pellets. In this case, even installing an additional tank does not help; in order to adjust the operation of water heating, you have to use a pump with variable water supply or install bimetallic thermostats on the radiators.

Scheme of heating a room from a stove

A water sauna boiler is quite expensive, but the built-in heating circuit does not particularly affect the operation of the steam room, and is used in the sauna mainly in the cold season. From this point of view, the purchase and installation of a heating system for a bathhouse looks economically unjustified, especially in a situation where the bathhouse has only a steam room and a dressing room.

In addition to the boiler method of heating water, the steam room most often has a second source of boiling water - a mounted or mounted tank in which the liquid is heated to spray the heater backfill. Typically, 50 to 100 liters of water are boiled in such a tank. Is it possible to heat a bathhouse from a tank?

A simple calculation shows that in a tank with a capacity of 100 liters, filled to the top with boiling water, the heat stored is the equivalent of 8-10 MJ or 2.5-3 kW/h. If you use at least 80% of the energy, then this will be enough to organize heating of the dressing room from a sauna stove.

The sauna heating system can be improved almost twice if, instead of a built-in heating tank, you use a system with a heat exchanger built into the stove. You can extract heat from the stove in a variety of ways:

Install a system of tubular registers made of steel pipes in a brick stove;
Install a coil made of copper or alloy steel into the firebox;
Use a structure made of double tanks as the walls of the combustion chamber.

To ensure efficient heating of the bath, the size of the furnace combustion chamber will need to be selected based on increased productivity. Typically, a firebox for a stove with a water circuit is selected for a single load of at least 2.5 kg of firewood.

Electric bath heating

The use of electricity to heat bath apartments is considered to be the most unprofitable heating method. Despite the fact that the technical part of the issue - the purchase and installation of two or three heaters costs mere pennies, the energy consumption for heating the dressing room and rest room using electric convectors is quite expensive.

Heating a bathhouse using infrared emitters is considered even more unprofitable and unsafe. According to reviews from the owners, such a device can be hung in the sauna vestibule above the front door; using it to heat the entire room is not economically profitable.

The only economically viable way to heat a room with electricity is to use an electrode electric boiler with aluminum radiators or heated floor equipment in the room. In this case, the cost of paying for consumed electricity is comparable to gas heating.

Heating with heat accumulator

A relatively new method of heating living rooms in private homes using heat accumulators is also gaining popularity for heating baths. Moreover, a huge tank with an alkali solution or molten paraffin is most often installed either in the basement of a building or in a nearby outbuilding. A bathhouse is best suited for these purposes.

The heat accumulator is heated either by excess heat in the furnace or solar collector, or by electric heating at night. In this case, thanks to the reduced electricity tariff, heating costs are reduced several times, especially. if the bathhouse is located next to the house. An even higher level of savings can be obtained if you solve the problem of how to install heating into a bathhouse from home.

Heating from external heat sources

In this case, we are not talking about thermal heating pumps, although devices that can provide heating for several buildings on the territory of one household are already being actively sold in Europe.

The economic part of the solution to the problem is obvious:

There is no need to buy expensive gas or electric boilers. Laying communications from the heating boiler in the house to the collector in the bathhouse will cost an order of magnitude less;
There are no grounds for possible claims from Energonadzor, fire and gas services;
The larger the heating boiler, the higher its efficiency, so the kilocalories of heat obtained from a home heating system will be cheaper than the energy obtained by burning gas in a low-power sauna appliance.

The only significant problem is the correct choice of insertion scheme into the heating circuit of the house. Typically, water heating in a private house is built in the form of a closed ring with convective or pump supply of coolant.

If you try to simply cut a pipe into the “hot” part of the manifold of a heating boiler at home, then due to different hydraulic resistance in the pipes, a “stagnant” zone may form in one of the lines. Simply put, all the heat will either flow mostly into the bathhouse or remain in the heating system of the house.

To ensure that stagnation and the complex balancing procedure using throttle washers are avoided, when connecting a bath, an additional boiler with a heat exchanger built inside is used. The reservoir is included in the heating system of the house, the internal circuit is connected to the heating pipes of the bathhouse. The hot water accumulated in the boiler will be used as a thermal buffer, which will prevent the pipes of the main system from cooling down in the winter.