DIY jigsaw machine. Technology for using a desktop jigsaw with your own hands

1. Device and principle of operation
2. Assembly instructions
3. How to remake manual jigsaw
4. Machine from sewing machine

Desktop jigsaw machine- equipment for cutting, sawing out figured parts from various materials. Its feature is the ability to make cuts while maintaining the integrity of the outer contour of the workpiece. Depending on which saw is installed on the structure, the machine can process natural wood, its derivatives, plastic bases or metal.

The device is indispensable when performing construction and repair work, production of furniture, souvenirs. Equipment is often purchased for domestic purposes. Sometimes it is irrational to buy a factory unit: you can make a jigsaw yourself. The photo shows the design of the tool.

Device and principle of operation

A stationary factory sample includes a work table for a jigsaw; a unit with cutting element, an electric drive and a crank mechanism installed under the tabletop. The tension unit is installed at the top or bottom of the machine. Many models of units allow you to cut material under different angles. This is necessary for making bevel cuts. Often for convenience swivel mechanism, stops, guides, markings are applied. The length of the cut depends on the dimensions of the table; in most models it is 30–40 cm.

The power of an electric jigsaw may be low. For domestic purposes, a 150 W unit is sufficient.

An important element is the crank mechanism. It is responsible for the quality of transmission of engine torque into the translational and reciprocal motion performed by the cutting element in a vertical position.

Standard jigsaw tool characterized by an oscillation frequency of up to 1000 per minute with an amplitude of 3–5 cm. Some samples provide for adjustment of the processing speed of various materials. In most cases, such a tool is equipped with a saw up to 35 cm long, which allows cutting parts up to 10 cm thick.

In order for the cutting element to serve for a long time without breakage or cracks, it is necessary to provide it with optimal tension along its entire length. For this purpose, screw and leaf springs are used. As an additional option on factory devices, it is provided air pump to remove sawdust from the cutting line. A unit with a drilling unit is useful, but you need to pay extra for each additional unit.

Assembly instructions

The jigsaw is made from a refrigerator compressor, conventional drill. The cutting blade can be set in motion using a motor from washing machine. Another option is to use hand jigsaws and old sewing machines. The figure shows a design drawing.

How to remake a manual jigsaw

First of all, the table is made. For this, a sheet of thick plywood or metal is used. They cut out in it through holes for cutting blades, fasteners. Through them, the manual unit placed below is fixed to supporting structure. Further jigsaw table attaches to any stable wooden table. Guide rails are added.

If necessary, the machine can be quickly disassembled.

The standard device is equipped with springs that provide the file with the required level of tension. You can’t do without a rocker arm; one of its edges is under spring tension, the second provides attachment to the cutting element of a jigsaw. You can also clamp the blade between two guide rollers.

Before starting work on homemade jigsaw Be sure to turn off the pendulum stroke.

Sewing machine machine

A jigsaw from a sewing machine contains a saw speed regulator, provided by a speed switch on the equipment.

For manufacturing, the thread weaving mechanism is removed. In most designs it is placed at the bottom. Unscrew the bolts, knock out the cotter pin, remove the drive shaft leading to the thread weaving unit.

Then the upper protective panel opens, the groove along which the needle moved expands to the width of the file. Jigsaw saws are slightly modified: they are cut according to the size of the longest needle that could be installed on the machine. In order not to make an adapter for fixing the cutting element on seat, grind down the upper incisors, making the lower part of the blade sharp. A cutter is installed in the needle holder. After this, they begin cutting out the blanks.

The desktop jigsaw machine is designed for cutting out various parts with complex configurations from sheet materials. This tool is capable of working with MDF, chipboard, fiberboard and many others. Jigsaws can also cut out internal contours parts if you first make a small hole. This tool has a wide range of applications, since it can provide high performance labor, which cannot be achieved with a regular hacksaw.

Design features

The design diagrams of all jigsaw machines are usually the same. Having carefully examined the drawings where this tool is depicted, you can see the following structural components:

• the bed, which is also often called the body. It is designed to accommodate everyone structural elements unit;
• drive mechanism;
• crank mechanism. It is needed for conversion rotational energy the motor shaft in the movement of the saw used during operation;
• double rocker arm. Equipped with fasteners for a file and a tension device;
• Desktop. In some modern models, it has a rotation mechanism that moves to a given angle.

How to make a machine from a jigsaw?

To make a jigsaw from a manual jigsaw, you need to follow these instructions:

1. First you need to make a table where a homemade jigsaw will be installed in the future. To do this, use any durable sheet material - thick plywood, metal and others.
2. Through holes are made in the table for the cutting blade and various fasteners.
3. The resulting jigsaw table is installed and securely fastened to a suitable wooden table.
4. The resulting table is equipped with guide rails.
5. A manual jigsaw is attached below, which makes it possible to replace the drive mechanism of the machine and many of its other structural elements.

Anyone can make such a jigsaw machine with their own hands. Its advantage is that at any time this unit can be quickly disassembled and only hand tools can be used.

Homemade jigsaw table machine from a manual jigsaw

How to make a more professional instrument?

A homemade jigsaw machine can have all the qualities that are present in professional equipment. To make it you need to follow these instructions:

1. The bed is made from any durable material– 12 mm plywood, plastic, textolite and others. It should consist of a base, a housing to accommodate all structural units and a work table.
2. On the other side, a rocking chair with an eccentric is placed. They need to be connected to each other using metal plates with sleeve-type bearings. The resulting structure is installed using screws.
3. The intermediate shaft is formed from several bearings.
4. The metal pulley is placed very tightly on the shaft and the screw connection is secured.
5. To change the movement characteristics of the rocker, 4 holes are made on the eccentric flange round shape threaded. They should be placed at different distances from the center line. The amplitude of movement of the rocking chair is regulated by the location of the screws.
6. The rocking chair is formed from wooden rocker arms, which are attached on a hinge to the stand.
7. Small cuts are made at the rear ends of the rocker arms. They are designed to install tension screws.
8. The front ends of the rocker arm are designed for mounting a saw blade. It moves using special metal hinges. Before attaching the file, it is installed in a groove located on the work table.
9. The rocking stand is made from whole piece durable material. A groove is made at its upper end for installing the rocker arm, and a small hole is cut out near the lower end rectangular shape for mounting the second rocker arm.

How to make a machine from a sewing machine?

A sewing machine makes an excellent jigsaw, which is equipped with a saw blade movement regulator. It is not difficult to do if you follow these instructions:

1. The thread weaving mechanism is removed from the bottom of the machine. On some models it may be located in a different location.
2. To dismantle this unit, you need to remove several bolts, then remove the cotter pin and drive shaft.
3. The top protective panel is unscrewed. After this, the groove along which it moves sewing needle, it is necessary to expand it to suit the parameters of the file.
4. The cutting element itself is also slightly modified. It is trimmed according to the length of the sewing needle.
5. It is not necessary to make an adapter to install the cutting element. Instead, you can grind down the upper incisors a little and process the lower zone of the blade.
6. The file is inserted into the needle holder and work begins.

All presented options for manufacturing jigsaw machines are very successful. The resulting units are distinguished by high labor productivity, and making them is not at all difficult. Depending on their skills, each master will be able to choose best model homemade equipment.

Video: Jigsaw from a sewing machine

A tabletop jigsaw is an indispensable item for any owner who is used to doing household work on his own. Electric jigsaws are especially good for residents of the private sector, lovers of manual labor and country holidays. From its prototype, an ordinary hand jigsaw, a tabletop electric model gone far enough. A desktop jigsaw makes it easier and faster to cut, not to mention improving quality.

Concept of a tabletop jigsaw

A jigsaw is a saw that is characterized by reciprocating movements saw blade, acting as a working body. It has a ski designed to guide the saw blade when moving along the surface that is being processed, and makes movements at a frequency of up to 3000 vibrations per minute.

This instrument was invented in 1946. Its creator is Albert Kaufman, who replaced the needle in sewing machine on the blade. The instrument went on sale already in 1947. A manual jigsaw has a body with a flat platform and a handle. The main difference between an electric jigsaw and a manual one is its greater functionality and cutting quality.

Located inside Electrical engine And special mechanism, which drives the blade. IN stationary jigsaws there is no handle, and the platform is located on top. At the front of the mechanism there is a guide, at the bottom there is a retractable blade that moves and makes cuts.

The tool works as follows: a tabletop jigsaw file is securely secured with clamps in the slide. The reciprocating movements have a frequency of up to 3000 strokes and can be adjusted. The support platform allows the jigsaw to focus on the part being cut, so the work is carried out very accurately.

The purpose of a desktop jigsaw

A jigsaw is an integral part of every workshop and every hobbyist. Its thin file can successfully cut plywood, copper, iron, thick boards, brass, and steel. Tools come with motor, foot or manual drive and are more productive. An electric jigsaw is simply indispensable for carpenters, wood workers, furniture decorators, and drywall workers who produce complex parts.

An electric jigsaw can make straight and curved cuts on workpieces with complex shapes and various sheet materials without disturbing the external contour. Most often, tabletop jigsaws are used for cutting wood and wooden slabs, figures with complex outlines from laminate and plasterboard, plastic blanks, also for cutting sheet metal.

Desktop electric jigsaw makes clean cuts complex shape and works with small
details. Due to the stable and fixed position during operation, high cutting accuracy is achieved. The file has a stable motion thanks to the tension system and guides, which manual jigsaws lack. Big size The table makes it stable, so the precisely specified sawing direction is maintained.

Types of jigsaws

Today, the power tool market offers a wide variety of jigsaws, which differ in the nature of their application, technical specifications, type of power supply and design features. You can buy it in construction stores table jigsaw for every taste and budget.

It is difficult to classify by design features, because each manufacturing company strives to provide its products with features that are designed to facilitate and improve the operation of the tool. In this regard, the shape of the handle is a significant parameter.

There are two established types of handles - mushroom-shaped and D-shaped. A jigsaw with a staple handle requires one-handed operation. This increases the possibilities of using a jigsaw, but has a somewhat negative effect on the quality of cutting the material.

Mushroom-shaped handles allow for more accurate cuts when holding the jigsaw with both hands, having previously secured the workpiece to be cut. Choosing a jigsaw with a certain form handles depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the buyer. You should choose the jigsaw that will be more convenient to work with.

Household jigsaws are not intended for intensive use, but the low price of a desktop jigsaw and the power that is sufficient for household needs make them indispensable in the household.

Professional jigsaws are characterized by high wear resistance and the possibility of daily long-term (up to 8 hours) use. The significant power of such jigsaws allows you to process materials large thickness. Expanded equipment and improved characteristics are reflected in the price.

Among professional jigsaws, industrial jigsaws also stand out, which are characterized by greater adaptability to complex operations and drive features - for example, increased power supply voltage. Industrial models are machines that are designed for the woodworking industry.

Depending on the type of power supply, there are mains and cordless jigsaws. Network models are powered from a power supply network with standard voltage. If productivity is important to you, then you should choose a corded power tool.

Cordless jigsaws provide independence from the presence of sockets and greater mobility during operation. When purchasing a battery model, you should pay attention to the type of battery. Increased performance characteristics are inherent in lithium-ion batteries. The battery capacity is responsible for the duration of operation without recharging.

Advantages of desktop jigsaws

The tabletop electric jigsaw is stationary structure, therefore this type of cutting tool has many advantages. Modern models can work with wooden materials 40-50 millimeters thick. The working body is a narrow saw, which makes vertical translational and reciprocal movements. Due to the peculiarities of the notching of the teeth and the mechanics of the movements of the saw, the material is cut out by moving upward.

A tabletop jigsaw allows you to cut out complex decorative parts, make longitudinal, straight, inclined and transverse cuts. The wide tabletop allows you to process large parts and make cuts inside wide workpieces. Secure fastening protects the housing from unnecessary vibrations and allows the material to be well positioned, so the motor can operate without overload.

The advantages of desktop jigsaws include good accuracy and clarity of cuts, high safety and ease of use, ample opportunities settings depending on the material and the required part of the cut workpieces.

If you need to cut out parts small size, a manual jigsaw will not be very convenient. It is quite heavy, so you will have to hold it with one hand and guide the workpiece with the other. A table jigsaw does not have this drawback. Perhaps the inconveniences are the large size and the difficulty of working with large parts.

A tabletop jigsaw is a kind of mini-machine for cutting workpieces. If you purchase a jigsaw in a store, most likely it will provide the ability to select power and adjust the frequency of saw strokes. However, you can make a simple homemade tabletop jigsaw, and very quickly. You will need a hand jigsaw, a few screws, a small piece of plywood and just an hour of work.

Making a tabletop jigsaw

A carefully made jigsaw will be little inferior to one made in a factory, and in some respects even superior to it. Assembling such a jigsaw is not difficult if you have necessary materials. Next we will describe simple diagram such manipulations.

The design of the jigsaw includes the following components: handle, switch button, insulating washer, power cord, frame, heating filament, screw clamp and earring. First you need to make a frame. You will need a duralumin pipe with an outer diameter of up to twelve millimeters.

You can also use textolite with a thickness of at least ten millimeters or thick plywood for the base. But keep in mind that the lighter the frame, the more convenient the jigsaw will be to use. Be sure to provide a channel so that you can lay the power cord later. Most best shape a frame is one whose sides are tilted 45 degrees.

Next you need to make an earring. It is made of copper sheet one millimeter thick. After this, it is attached with screws to the frame where it connects to the handle. In this way, the screw, wing nut and shackle will form a clamp in which the heating filament can be fixed. The thickness of the duralumin sheet should be up to 0.8 millimeters. It is necessary to make pressing cheeks from it, between which there is a switch button.

After this, you need to cut a gap in the plywood that the saw can fit through. It can be done using a drill. To do this, you need to drill holes along the marking line and smooth out the transitions. Instead of plywood, you can use plastic, metal, plexiglass and others. Next, you place and drill mounting holes on the plywood and jigsaw base plate.

Then you need to secure the jigsaw with screws to the plywood base so that the file can fit through the gap. You attach the structure to the table using a clamp so that the file is pointing upward. You can also secure the platform in any way possible.
The jigsaw file remains a regular one, but the possibilities for good cutting are expanded by freeing up your hands.

You can use a nichrome spiral from any household heating device (iron, for example) as a heating filament. It must be secured with tension between the ends of the frame bends. In order for the thread to heat up, you need to apply a tension of about 14 V. To control the operating mode, you can use a rheostat.

The current is determined by the thickness and length nichrome thread. Using a rheostat, you can set the optimal current strength (no more than 3-5 A), which will affect the temperature to which the filament is heated. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the current strength. But keep in mind that if too high strength The material being cut can be caught by the flame, but if it is insufficient, it will not be taken. A self-made desktop jigsaw will allow you to cut out shapes with complex contours from various types of materials.

Rules for using a desktop jigsaw

When working with table jigsaw You must adhere to some rules:

1. When cutting, do not press too hard on the tool, otherwise it will best case scenario the needle will break, at worst, you will ruin the work.
2. Replace saw blades from time to time. old saw can spoil and destroy the surface of the material.
3. If you work with organic glass and non-ferrous alloys, the surface of the product must be moistened with water. This operation will speed up the process and extend the life of the saw.
4. If you are cutting a surface with a thickness of less than one millimeter, place a sheet of wood or plywood under the material being processed.
5. Before cutting, it is necessary to secure the material. It is better not to make long cuts by hand; the line may turn out to be crooked.
6. For cutting different materials appropriate blades are required, with a special pitch and length.
7. Rotate the tool by turning only the back of the tool.
8. When cutting laminate, tape is applied to the cut line, which protects the material from chipping.
9. If there is a need for curved cuts, set the jigsaw pendulum to minimum.

If you have not yet fully understood how to make a tabletop jigsaw, watch a video about this procedure. This tool allows you to cut complex parts from wood and other materials, make longitudinal, inclined, straight and transverse cuts. Using a jigsaw, you can process large parts, wide workpieces and small products, which is not superfluous at home.

IN Lately I was very interested in cutting out with a jigsaw, I don’t even know why. It all started with the fact that I needed to cut out several gears from plywood...

And off we go. At first I cut out the gears by hand, then I thought, pumping the muscle with a hand jigsaw is of course good, but if you automate the process, it will be much faster!

So, first of all, let’s get acquainted with this manual jigsaw for artistic cutting.

(all photos in this article were found on the Internet)

To saw you need files, they are thin as wire, with sharp teeth. Previously, such files were sold in a pack of 50 pieces, recently I went to the store, and these “bimesmen” started selling them individually. You can break a couple of these files in an evening.

For cutting, we will also need a special table, it can be a board with a conical slot, screwed to the table with screws or a clamp.

To make it easier to attach saw blades to the machine, it is better to use special device, which will compress the contour of the jigsaw, so you can easily change the file without effort. With the help of a wooden eccentric, compression occurs.

And now about automation. On next photo you see a factory-type tabletop jigsaw; on the Internet you can find a sea of ​​different modifications. This thing is not very expensive, but even if I really want it, I won’t be able to find it in my city, and in principle there’s no need.

Industrial machines are, of course, good, but I’ll probably use them for a couple of months and give up on this activity, and in general, such a machine, as I learned, can be easily assembled yourself from plywood and wooden blocks.

The following photo uses an industrial manual jigsaw and a spring to return the saw.

So, we can easily assemble a tabletop jigsaw with our own hands at home. I personally did just that, but I have a special design, there are no photos of me in this article, but I will definitely post them, as well as a video in progress.

In the previous article, we told you how you can make it yourself, that is, the cutting element is a thin, flexible file that is tensioned using a spring. This tool is very convenient to use figured cut– all kinds of curves, radius saws. However, in a carpentry shop the main requirement is to cut straight lines at different angles. For such tasks, the above-mentioned machine will be inconvenient, so we bring to your attention a new design designed specifically for even and straight cuts.

Introduction

Classification

There are two main constructive approaches to solving this problem; they are divided by location in space:

• up;
• down.

The first option will be described by us a little later, since at the time of writing this article it is in development at the prototype and design stage, but the second option will be described in this article.

Purpose

This design is quite universal and has a wide range of applications from domestic (at home) to industrial use (carpentry workshops, furniture workshops, etc.). Versatility is determined by the fact that the machine is built on the base, which is common hand power tools and almost every master owns it, as it is compact and multifunctional. With its help you can make blanks from various types materials:

• solid wood;
• plastics

and others.

Advantages

Compared to in a standard way using this device allows you to achieve one thing, but very important parameter, – evenness of the cut. You can saw off quickly and somehow quite simply by placing the workpiece on a horizontal surface, hanging the part to be sawn off, and sawing off. But there is no need to talk about the quality of the cut, no matter who the master is. Our design allows:

• make a simple, even cut (strictly in a straight line);
• trim the workpiece at a clearly specified angle - 90° and other arbitrarily specified angles;
• make a straight saw at an angle to the plane of the workpiece, when it is not perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece, but has a different, preset angle, for example 45°.

Basic design

The device is not complicated and consists of several basic elements:

• base;
• guide;
• swivel stop.

All structural parts are made of plywood or solid wood.

Here's a little background information that might come in handy.

Nominal plywood thickness, mm	Number of layers of plywood, not less	Sanded plywood		Unsanded plywood
		Maximum deviation, mm	Different thickness	Maximum deviation, mm	Different thickness
3 mm	3	+0,3/-0,4	0,6	+0,4/-0,3	0,6
4 mm	3	+0,3/-0,5		+0,8/-0,4	1,0
6 mm	5	+0,4/-0,5		+0,9/-0,4
9 mm	7	+0,4/-0,6		+1,0/-0,5
12 mm	9	+0,5/-0,7		+1,1/-0,6
15 mm	11	+0,6/-0,8		+1,2/-0,7	1,5
18 mm	13	+0,7/-0,9		+1,3/-0,8
21 mm	15	+0,8/-1,0		+1,4/-0,9
24 mm	17	+0,9/-1,1		+1,5/-1,0
27 mm	19	+1,0/-1,2	1,0	+1,6/-1,1	2,0
30 mm	21	+1,1/-1,3		+1,7/-1,2

Making tooling for straight sawing with a jigsaw

This section will describe step by step instructions for the manufacture of the product. The whole process is divided into three stages of manufacturing structural elements:

• base;
• guide;
• swivel stop.

For production we will need the following materials:

• solid coniferous wood;
• various fasteners (mainly wood screws, furniture fittings, pins, etc.)

and the following tool will also be used:

• Milling machine;
• Circular saw or machine from;
• Drilling machine;
• Grinder();
• Jigsaw with ;
• Various hand tools.

Guide

To make a guide you need to take a board of the following sizes:

It must slide along the guide, so the features of the guide plate (in technical slang - “sole”) are very important.

We mark the guide blank.

Then you need to select a groove with a router, which will serve as a guide along which the jigsaw sole will move during the sawing process.

We make end stops. Then they need to be glued to limit the movement of the jigsaw along the guide, as shown in the photo.

We check the smooth movement of the jigsaw along the guide and if there are defects or burrs that impede the movement, remove them.

Next, you need to make cylindrical bushings to prevent the wood from jamming when clamped with fixing screws. The bushings can be made from an aluminum tube with a diameter of 10mm. We drill holes and press bushings into them. This completes the production of the guide.

Base

The base, by and large, is just a box, which is the basis for attaching the guide and the rotary stop, and most importantly, it raises the entire structure above the level () so that it does not get damaged.

The assembly of the box is simple and unpretentious - the top base is made of the same or solid wood and the sides are made of the same wood. So, we cut out the sides.

And we attach them to the base to form a box, as shown in the photo.

Next, screw M6 or M8 furniture fittings into the drilled holes in the base.

We screw the studs into them and install the guide.

We make a cut in the working groove, as shown in the photo.

We cut out an expanded groove to allow sawing at an angle. Please note that when sawing at an angle, you need a fairly long

We fasten the straight stop with screws, make a hole and install an M6 or M8 furniture fitting to attach the rotary stop. See photo below.

At this point, we consider the manufacture of the base complete.

Rotary stop

The design of the stop is simple and unpretentious; it is a guide with a semicircular element glued to it for fixation on the base.

Install the stop using a bolt of the appropriate diameter. The bolt head can be “placed” in a comfortable handle so as not to have to be used every time wrench. We also secure the guide using homemade nuts made from mortise wing nuts.

At this point we consider the sawing machine ready.

We hope that the material presented was useful to you.

Conclusion

We have made a universal device for direct cutting based on a household jigsaw, which should rightfully take its rightful place in your workshop among the tools.

Return