The verb hit has three forms. Irregular verbs

The English language requires a detailed and systematic approach. Of course, if the priority is to gain knowledge that will help in practice. A special place within this goal is occupied by, for which there are quite rational explanations.

Verb / Verb
be	was, were	been	Be
beat	beat	beaten ["bi:tn]	Beat
become	became	become	Become
begin	began	begun	Start off
bleed	bled	bled	Bleed
blow	blew	blown	Blow
break	broke	broken ["brouk(e)n]	Break
bring	brought	brought	Bring
build	built	built	Build
burn	burnt	burnt	burn
burst	burst	burst	Break out
buy	bought	bought	Buy
catch	caught	caught	Catch, grab, catch
choose	chose [ʃəuz]	chosen	Choose
come	came	come	Come
cost	cost	cost	Cost
creep	crept	crept	Crawl
cut	cut	cut	Cut
do	did	done	Do
draw	drew	drawn	Draw, drag
dream	dream	dream	Dream, doze
drink	drank	drunk	Drink
drive	drove	driven ["drivn]	Drive
eat	ate	eaten ["i:tn]	Eat
fall	fell	fallen ["fɔ:lən]	Fall
feed	fed	fed	Feed
feel	felt	felt	Feel
fight	fought	fought	Fight
find	found	found	Find
fit	fit	fit	Fit to size
fly	flew	flown	Fly
forget	forgot	forgotten	Forget
forgive	forgave	forgiven	Forgive
freeze	froze	frozen ["frouzn]	Freeze
get[get]	got	got	Receive
give	gave	given	Giving
go	went	gone	Go

grow	grew	grown	Grow
hang	hung	hung	Hang
have	had	had	Have
hear	heard	heard	Hear
hide	hid	hidden ["hidn]	Hide
hit	hit	hit	Hit the target
hold	held	held	Hold
hurt	hurt	hurt	Hurt
keep	kept	kept	Contain
kneel	knelt	knelt	Kneel
know	knew	known	Know
lay	laid	laid	Putting
lead	led	led	News
lean	leant	leant	Tilt
learn	learn	learn	Learn
leave	left	left	Leave
lend	tape	tape	Occupy
let	let	let	Let
lie	lay	lain	Lie
light	lit	lit	illuminate
lose	lost	lost	Lose
make	made	made	Produce
mean	meant	meant	To mean
meet	met	met	Meet
mistake	mistook	mistaken	To be wrong
pay	paid	paid	To pay
prove	proved	proven	Prove
put	put	put	Put
quit	quit	quit	Go out
read	read	read	Read
ride	rode	ridden ["ridn]	Ride a horse
ring	rank	rung	Ring
rise	rose	risen ["rizn]	Get up
run	ran	run	Run
say	said	said	Speak
see	saw	seen	See
seek	sought	sought	Search
sell	sold	sold	Sell
send	sent	sent	Send

set	set	set	Put
sew	sewed	sewn	Sew
shake [ʃeik]	shook [ʃuk]	shaken ["ʃeik(ə)n]	Shake
show [ʃəu]	showed [ʃəud]	shown [ʃəun]	Show
shrink [ʃriŋk]	shrank [ʃræŋk]	shrunk [ʃrʌŋk]	Reduce
shut [ʃʌt]	shut [ʃʌt]	shut [ʃʌt]	Close
sing	sang	sung	Sing
sink	sank, sunk	sunk	Drown
sit	sat	sat	Sit
sleep	slept	slept	Sleep
slide	slide	slide	Slide
sow	sowed	south	Sow
speak	spoke	spoken ["spouk(e)n]	Speak
spell	spelled	spelled	To spell
spend	spent	spent	Spend
spill	spilt	spilt	Shed
spoiler	spoilt	spoilt	Spoil
spread	spread	spread	spread out
spring	sprang	sprung	Jump
stand	stood	stood	Stand
steal	stole	stolen ["stəulən]	Steal
stick	stuck	stuck	prick
sting	stung	stung	Sting
sweep	swept	swept	Sweep
swell	swelled	swollen ["swoul(e)n]	Swell
swim	swam	swum	Swim
swing	swung	swung	Sway
take	took	taken ["teik(ə)n]	Take, take
teach	taught	taught	Learn
tear	tore	torn	Tear
tell	told	told	Tell
think [θiŋk]	thought [θɔ:t]	thought [θɔ:t]	Think
throw [θrəu]	threw [θru:]	thrown [θrəun]	Throw
understand [ʌndə"stænd]	understood [ʌndə"stud]	understood [ʌndə"stud]	Understand
wake	woke up	woken ["wouk(e)n]	Wake up
wear	wore	worn	Wear
weep	wept	wept	Cry
wet	wet	wet	Get wet
win	won	won	Win
wind	wound	wound	Wriggle
write	wrote	written ["ritn]	Write

Why is it important to know English irregular verbs?

So, irregular verbs, as mentioned above, play a key role in successful learning in English. Many people were able to verify this. Let's consider the main nuances.

Practice shows: half of the mistakes made in speech and writing are in the incorrect use of verb forms and tenses. Often a verb is superfluous in a sentence or used falsely. This can completely change the meaning. The principle of learning English is that you need to start with those topics in which mistakes are often made. That's why table of irregular verbs must be fully studied. Otherwise, you can really get negative consequences consisting of confusion of phrases. When a lot of mistakes occur, the desire to learn a language disappears. This cannot be allowed. It is important to focus on the success of the task. With the right approach, all goals will be achieved.

Irregular Verbs can be used as builders of phrases and sentences that are unique in their impact and originality. English philologists are proud of such verbs, attributing them to the origins of the ancient Germanic language. Many English-speaking poets and writers drew creative strength from them. Readers may say that they are not going to write poetry in English (although in time everything is possible, it is difficult to predict the twists of fate). However, they form its foundation. Without them it is impossible to master the English language. Many people who dedicated free time study international language. A systematic approach will allow you to master all topics, including those that are considered difficult to study.

The study of irregular verbs is also required for the reason that some regular verbs are very similar to them. For example, found is similar to an irregular verb. If you perceive it this way, then in practice you will end up with confusion. Every nuance is important and should be taken into account.

You need to start learning irregular verbs as early as possible. They are mostly based on exceptions rather than rules. This difficult moment should spur and stimulate. Regular verbs will become much easier to learn later. At all, basic irregular verbs in English still have a certain system. She will help in their development.

Irregular verbs are difficult, that's a fact. However, it is worth devoting at least 10 minutes every day to these “insidious parts of speech” so that they are learned once and for all. Having a certain system will make the task a little easier. It is important to understand: without irregular verbs there will be no English language. Therefore, it is worth spending time on them.

English is a language of exceptions, where when learning a new grammatical rule, students are faced with a dozen buts in which this rule does not apply. One of these rules is the use of irregular verbs in the past tense. For many English learners, this topic is a nightmare. But you can’t do without them, because these are the realities of English! However, there is good news - modern English is gradually getting rid of irregular verbs, replacing them with regular ones. Why and how - we'll look at it in the article.

Why are English verbs irregular?

Not only foreigners, but also native speakers themselves experience difficulty in using irregular verbs. But nevertheless, for English philologists, the non-standardity of this part of speech is not a drawback, but a reason for pride. They believe that irregular verbs are a cultural monument that perpetuates the history of the English language. The explanation for this fact is the Germanic roots of the origin of irregular verbs, which makes British English traditional option language. For comparison, Americans are trying hard to get rid of irregular shape, remaking it into the correct one. Therefore, the list of non-standard verbs increases for those who learn both versions of the language. Thus, the incorrect version is ancient, which is reflected in prose and poetry.

How many forms does a verb have in English?

Speaking about verbs in English, it should be noted that they have 3 forms:

infinitive, aka ;
I, or Participle I, - this form is used in the simple past tense (Past Simple) and the 2nd and 3rd cases of the conditional mood (Conditional of the 2-d and of the 3-d case);
Past Participle II, or Participle II, for the simple perfect tense of the past tense (Past Perfect), passive voice (Passive Voice) and conditional of the 3-d case.

The table "Three in English" is presented later in the article.

What are regular and irregular verbs? Education rules

Regular verbs are those in which the past form (Past Simple) and the form Participle II (Participle II) are formed by adding the ending -ed to the initial form. The table "Three verb forms in English. Regular verbs" will help you better understand this rule.

There are some features when forming Participle I and Participle II:

if the verb ends with the letter -e, then adding -ed does not double it;
The consonant in monosyllabic verbs is duplicated when added. Example: stop - stopped (stop - stopped);
if the verb ends in -y with a preceding consonant, then y changes to i before adding -ed.

Verbs that do not obey are called irregular general rule during the formation of temporary forms. In English, these include the Past Simple and Participle II verb forms.

Irregular verbs are formed using:

ablauta, in which the root changes. Example: swim - swam - swum (swim - swam - swam);

the use of suffixes different from those accepted in the grammar of the language. Example: do - did - done (do - did - did);

identical or unchangeable form. Example: cut - cut - cut (cut - cut - cut).

Due to the fact that each irregular verb has its own inflection, they should be learned by heart.

There are a total of 218 irregular verbs in the English language, of which approximately 195 are in active use.

Recent research in the field of language shows that rare verbs are gradually disappearing from the language due to the replacement of the 2nd and 3rd forms with forms of the regular verb, that is, the addition of the ending - ed. This fact is confirmed by the table “Three verb forms in English” - the table presents a number of verbs that have both regular and irregular forms.

table of irregular verbs

The table "Three Forms of Irregular Verbs in English" includes the most frequently used verbs. The table shows 3 forms and translation.

Irregular verbs came to modern English from Old English, which was spoken by the Angles and Saxons - British tribes.

Irregular verbs evolved from so-called strong verbs, each of which had its own type of conjugation.

Researchers from Harvard found that the majority of verbs used are irregular, and they will remain so because they are used more often than others.

There is also a phenomenon in the history of the English language when a regular verb became irregular. For example, sneak, which has 2 forms - sneaked and snuck.

Not only English learners have problems with verbs, but also native speakers, as even they find themselves in awkward situations when it comes to this difficult part of speech.

One of them is Jennifer Garner, who all her life was sure that sneak was the correct verb.

She was corrected by the host of one of the programs in which the actress took part. With a dictionary in hand, he pointed out to Jennifer her mistake.

Therefore, you should not be upset if you make mistakes when using irregular verbs. The main thing is that they do not become systematic.

Regular verbs

The table "Three forms of regular verbs in English with transcription and translation" is compiled on the basis of the most frequently used verbs.

		Past Participle I and II
ask
answer
allow
agree
borrow, borrow

copy, rewrite
prepare
close

carry, drag
call, call
discuss
decide, decide
explain	explain
slide
cry, scream
finish, finish, end

shine
rub
grab
to help
happen, happen
manage
look


like
move, move
manage
to be necessary, to need
open
recall


suggest	sadgesture
study, study
stop, stop
start off
travel
speak
transfer	translate
try, try
use
worry
walk, walk
look

work

Examples of using 3 forms of verbs with translation

Above we looked at 3 forms of verbs in English. A table with examples of use and translation will help reinforce the topic.

Here, for each grammatical construction, two examples are given - one with regular and one with irregular verbs.

Grammar design	Example in English	Translation
Past Simple	Peter worked yesterday. She felt bad last week.	Peter worked yesterday. She didn't feel well last week.
Present Perfect Tense	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?
Past Perfect Tense	I understood that I had used my last ticket. Helen noticed that she had forgotten her documents at home.	I realized that I had used the last ticket. She realized that she had forgotten the documents at home.
Passive Voice	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. A baby is sung a lullaby every night.	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. The baby is sung a lullaby every night.
Conditional	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would have done it.	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would.

Exercises

To better memorize irregular verbs, you need not only to learn them by heart and repeat them, but also to perform various exercises.

Exercise 1. Here is the table "Three verb forms in English. Irregular verbs." Fill in one of the three missing forms.

Exercise 2. Here is the table "Three verb forms in English. Regular verbs." Insert forms Participle I and II.

Exercise 3. Using the tables, translate the following sentences into English.

I was reading a book.
We saw them yesterday.
The Smiths lived in London until 2000. They then moved to Manchester.
Alice was a university student in 2014.
They worked in the same company two years ago.
He just finished training.
When we were children, my mother often took us to this park.
I drove a toy car as a child.

Answers to exercises

Exercise 1.

Exercise 2.

asked, borrowed, closed, decided, explained, helped, started, traveled, used, worked.

Exercise 3.

I read a book.
We saw them yesterday.
The Smiths lived in London till 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
Alice was a student of Univercity in 2014.
They worked in the same company two years ago.
He has just finished training.
When we were children we took for a walk to this park.
I drove a toy car in my childhood.

Make it a habit to periodically repeat the basic forms of the English verb. A table with irregular verbs, doing exercises and periodic repetition will help you quickly cope with the difficulties of the English language.

What is there that no rule can do without? Of course, no exceptions! Irregular verbs in the English language are also not spared. But, as they say, an irregular verb is not as scary as it is painted to be. Today we will deal with different methods memorizing irregular verbs.

Let's open any table of irregular verbs ( see at the end of the article), and you will see three columns there. The first column presents verbs in the impersonal, or (only without the particle to). This is what corresponds to Russian verbs ending in -т: draw, write, read – (to) draw, write, read.

The second column is - drew, wrote, read (yesterday, for example) - drew, wrote, read.

In the third column is the so-called second participle, or past participle.

Note The first participle corresponds to the Russian -yushchy/-yayushchy: drawing, writing, reading. In English, the first participle ends in –ing. – drawing, writing, rading.

Let's return to the third column, which represents the past participle - it corresponds to the Russian “made” - drawn, written, read. Third column for

verbs in .

perfect tense verbs:

I have already written my essay. I have already written an essay (or “I already have my essay written”).

I have read three books this month. I read three books this month. (Or I have three books read).

Have you ever drawn anything like that? Have you ever drawn anything like this? (Or have you ever had something like this drawn?)

What does "irregular verbs" mean?

Why are irregular verbs still “irregular”? The fact is that according to the rules, the so-called second and third forms are constructed by adding the ending –ed.

I work – I worked yesterday. – I have worked for three companies.

In irregular verbs, the second and third forms are formed in a completely individual way (go – went – gone), or do not change at all (put-put-put).

Methods of memorization

Alphabetically - cram. Boring and useless.
Make cards with three shapes on one side and a translation on the other. Periodically, when you have a minute (in transport, in the morning over a cup of coffee, etc.), go through the cards, checking yourself. If you remember, we put it in the second pile; if not, we leave it in the first and come back later. And so on until there is confident memorization. When you go through the cards, try to come up with examples - it will also connect creative thinking, it is remembered faster, and words are learned not separately, but in context.
Poems. More like a child's way. But in whom does not a child live?? If you like it and evoke positive emotions, then why not? Here are examples of such poems

I'm at the buffet buy-bought-bought (buy)
First class sandwich
For him I pay-paid-paid, (pay)
In the classroom, on the desk lay-laid-laid (put)
And not at all think-thought-thought, (think)
That his neighbor will make him smarter.
And now I'm very sad -
Smell-smelt-smelt it’s very tasty! (smell)

Look, Screwtape's slingshot
Put-put-put (put) in your pocket
And begin-began-begun (begin)
Bully bully!
He's a pillow cut-cut-cut, (cut)
Brother in the bathroom shut-shut-shut, (close)
All newspapers are light-lit-lit, (set on fire)
Hit-hit-hit dog. (beat)
He ring-rang-rung (call) the neighbor
And, of course, run-ran-run. (run)
And not at all think-thought-thought, (think)
That the police will come.

Dig-dug-dug we are a vegetable garden, (dig)
Come-came-come there people. (come)
We said: “Go-went-gone, (go, leave)
This is not a farce for you.”

We fight-fought-fought with our enemies, (fight, fight)
They are caught in a catch-caught-caught trap. (catch, catch)
Day bring-brought-brought good luck, (bring)
We get-got-got reward. (receive)

If the hares bite-bit-bitten, (bite)
Don't give them eat-ate-eaten, (eat)
They will soon learn-learnt-learnt (learn)
Dashing matches burn-burnt-burnt. (spark off)

If a friend meet-met-met, (meet)
Keep him tight-kept-kept. (hold)
Well, what if lose-lost-lost, (to lose)
That's why it's cost-cost-cost. (cost)

Airplanes fly-flow-flown. (fly)
Our children are grow-grew-grown. (grow)
Well, the wind blow-blew-blown, (blow)
He knows-knew-known about everything. (know)

Grandfather and grandmother find-found-found (to find)
Basset hound dog.
Very close to old people
The dog become-became-become. (become)
Give-gave-given grandfather to him (give)
Dear basturma -
The dog needs to be fed-fed-fed (feed)
Something tasty for lunch!
Salad and cutlets for yourself
Old people don't let-let-let. (let)
Today grandmother and grandfather
Another life lead-led-led: (to lead)
Grandfather dozes in the bath with a smile,
Grandmother dwell-dwelt-dwelt in the closet, (dwell)
Dog in bed lie-lay-lain, (lie down)
Just like Saddam Hussein.

We are break-broken-broken an old house– (break)
It was very boring there.
New house we draw-drew-draw, (draw)
Build-built-built – and we’ll live. (build)

I like the idea of classifying irregular verbs into groups based on the similarity of formation of the second and third forms. This way it is much easier to teach them.

Table of irregular verbs in English:

Group 1 – all three forms are the same

Cost	Cost	Cost	cost
Cut	Cut	Cut	Cut
Put	Put	Put	Putting
Hit	Hit	Hit	hit, hit
Hurt	Hurt	Hurt	Injure
Let's	Let's	Let's	Let
Shut	Shut	Shut	Close

Group 2 – the second and third forms coincide

Burn	Burnt	Burnt	Burn, burn
Learn	Learn	Learn	Learn
Smell	Smelt	Smelt	Smell
Feel	Felt	Felt	Feel
Leave	Left	Left	Leave, leave
Meet	Met	Met	Meet
Dream	Dreamt	Dreamt	Dream
Mean	Meant	Meant	mean, imply
Keep	Kept	Kept	keep, store
Sleep	Slept	Slept	Sleep
Lend	Lent	Lent	lend, lend
Send	Sent	Sent	Send
Spend	Spent	Spent	Spend, spend
Build	Built	Built	Build
Lose	Lost	Lost	Lose, lose
Shoot	Shot	Shot	Fire
Get	Got	Got	Receive
Light	Lit	Lit	Light up, illuminate
Sit	Sat	Sat	Sit
Buy	Bought	Bought	Buy
Bring	Brought	Brought	Bring
Catch	Caught	Caught	Catch
Fight	Fought	Fought	Fight
Teach	Taught	Taught	Teach, teach
Sell	Sold	Sold	Sell
Tell	Told	Told	Tell
Find	Found	Found	Find
Have	Had	Had	Have
Hear	Heard	Heard	Hear
Hold	Held	Held	Hold
Read	Read	Read	Read
Say	Said	Said	Talk, say
Pay	Paid	Paid	To pay
Make	Made	Made	Do, produce
Understand	Understood	Understood	understand
Stand	Stood	Stood	Stand

Group 3 – the second and third forms do not match

Break	Broke	Broken	Break
Choose	Chose	Chosen	Choose
Speak	Spoke	Spoken	Speak
Steal	Stole	Stolen	Steal
Wake	Woke	Woken	Wake up, wake up
Drive	Drove	Driven	Drive
Ride	Rode	Ridden	ride
Rise	Rose	Risen	Get up
Write	Wrote	Written	Write
Beat	Beat	Beaten	Beat
Bite	Bit	bitten	Bite
Hide	Hid	Hidden	Hide
Eat	Ate	Eaten	Eat
Fall	Fell	Fallen	Fall
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten	Forget
Forgive	Forgave	Forgiven	Forgive
Give	Gave	Given	Giving
See	Saw	Seen	See
Take	Took	Taken	Take
Blow	Blew	Blown	Blow
Grow	Grew	Grown	Grow
Know	Knew	Known	Know
Throw	Threw	Thrown	Throw
Fly	Flew	Flown	Fly
Draw	Drew	Drawn	Paint
Show	Showed	Shown	Show
Begin	Began	Begun	Start off
Drink	Drank	Drunk	Drink
Swim	Swam	Swum	Swim
Sing	Sang	Sung	Sing
Ring	Rang	Rung	Call
Run	Ran	Run	Run
Come	Came	Come	Come
Become	Became	Become	Become
Be	Was/were	Been	be
Go	Went	Gone	go, walk

To make the process of memorizing irregular verbs more fun, my students and I make up stories together. That is, one person takes out a card, remembers all the forms and meanings, and then writes a sentence using the second or third form. The next one takes out the second card and continues the story. As a rule, it turns out very funny. And bright positive emotions, especially laughter, are known to promote memory.

Don’t put it off for a long time - it’s better to cut some leaves right now, make cards - and go ahead! And find an accomplice to make up stories.

Remember the multiplication tables in mathematics? So, in English this is a table of irregular verbs. This is one of the basics in English that you need to learn. An irregular verb is one that does not follow the generally accepted rules of grammar. Below is table of irregular verbs in English with audio accompaniment. And if you really want to speak English fluently, you need to learn these verbs.

Infinitive	Past Simple (simple past tense)	Past participle (past participle)	Translation
be	was / were	been	be
beat	beat	beaten	beat
become	became	become	become
begin	began	begun	start off
break	broke	broken	break
bring	brought	brought	bring
build	built	built	build
burn	burnt	burnt	burn
burst	burst	burst	explode
buy	bought	bought	buy
can	could	could	be able to, be able to
catch	caught	caught	catch, grab
choose	chose	chosen	choose
come	came	come	come
cost	cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut	cut
do	did	done	do
draw	drew	drawn	to draw with a pencil)
drink	drank	drunk	drink
drive	drove	driven	drive)
eat	ate	eaten	eat, eat
fall	fell	fallen	fall
feel	felt	felt	feel
fight	fought	fought	fight
find	found	found	find
fly	flew	flown	fly
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
get	got	got	receive, become
give	gave	given	give
go	went	gone	go
grow	grew	grown	grow, grow
hang	hung	hung	hang, hang
have	had	had	have
hear	heard	heard	hear
hide	hid	hidden	hide
hit	hit	hit	hit, hit
hold	held	held	hold
hurt	hurt	hurt	to cause a pain
keep	kept	kept	keep; continue to do
know	knew	known	know
learn	learn	learn	study)
leave	left	left	leave, leave
let	let	let	let
lie	lay	lain	lie
lose	lost	lost	lose
make	made	made	do, manufacture
mean	meant	meant	keep in mind
meet	met	met	meet; meet
pay	paid	paid	to pay
prove	proved	proven	prove
put	put	put	put
read	read	read	read
ring	rank	rung	call
run	ran	run	run
say	said	said	say
see	saw	seen	see
set	set	set	put
sew	sewed	sewn	sew
sell	sold	sold	sell
send	sent	sent	send, send
shine	shone	shone	shine
show	showed	shown	show
shut	shut	shut	close, slam
sing	sang	sung	sing
sit	sat	sat	sit
sleep	slept	slept	sleep
speak	spoke	spoken	speak
spend	spent	spent	spend time)
spoiler	spoilt	spoilt	spoil
spread	spread	spread	spread out
spring	sprang	sprung	jump
stand	stood	stood	stand
steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
swim	swam	swum	swim
take	took	taken	take
teach	taught	taught	teach, learn
tell	told	told	tell (to someone)
think	thought	thought	think
throw	threw	thrown	throw
understand	understood	understood	understand
wake	woke up	woken	wake up, wake up
wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
weep	wept	wept	cry
win	won	won	win
write	wrote	written	write

Anyone who begins to immerse themselves in the fascinating world of learning English often faces a whole bunch of problems and difficulties. This is not surprising. After all, incomprehensible speech patterns, confusing tenses and irregular verbs can darken the science of even the most cheerful student. Let's figure out what to do and Where do irregular verbs come from in English??

It's no secret that every language goes through many stages of its development, formed through the influence of nearby countries and cultures. English is no exception. It is generally accepted that irregular verbs are echoes of the past, when the language was only at the stage of development.

The influence of European society on England was colossal and made its own adjustments to the sphere of communication. But the English are a people who did not like change too much and respected their native speech. Therefore, he continued to communicate in his usual way. Thus, verbs that have passed through centuries have taken root in modern society. It is worth noting that there is nothing wrong with these words, they are correct, they are simply quite original and do not obey any time frame, so they are conjugated in their own way. So how can you master these parts of speech and finally learn them? There are a lot of ways.

How to learn irregular verbs in English?

Table of irregular verbs in English It is quite extensive and contains more than two hundred words. Wow, you say! Don't worry, most native English people don't know them all themselves. It is enough to learn basic words and you will be able to support any conversation and look at a decent level among the English-speaking society. And knowing a couple effective ways, turn boring science into an exciting game.

To simplify this task, it is necessary to visualize the object of study. To do this, write out irregular verbs on cards and hang them throughout the apartment, especially in the places where you visit most often. So, they will always be in front of your eyes, thereby helping you memorize them without much difficulty.

If you want to teach your child a verb, you can prepare cards on which all forms will be written. So, by putting the table together like a puzzle, the child will remember more and more constructions over and over again. Although, this type of study can also be practiced by an adult.

Another one of effective methods, is to download the audio version of verbs and systematically listen to them, for example, on the way to work and home. And for the child, excellent option will compose a song that consists of these words. Sing it together on the way to the store or when doing something together and after a week you will notice the first results.

English is quite easy to learn if you approach it creatively. Throw away boring memorization and monotonous repetition, and soon you will not even notice how you will begin not only to speak, but also to think in this language.

Here you can find a table of incorrect English verbs with translation into Russian and transcription, video on learning and memorizing irregular verbs, links.

There is a special category of verbs in the English language that does not follow generally accepted rules when forming the past participle. They are usually called “wrong”. Unlike “regular” verbs, which are appended with the ending –ed to form the past participle, these verbs either remain unchanged or take unusual forms that are not always easy to remember. For example:

put – put – put;
drive – drove – driven.

If the first verb is easy to learn and use in sentences, then the second one has to be learned directly by memorization.

Where did such difficulties with some verbs come from? Scientists have concluded that these are some kind of “fossils” remaining in the language from ancient times. During its development, the English language has taken a large number of words from other European languages, but some words remained unchanged. It is this category that irregular verbs belong to.

Table of irregular English verbs:

VERB	PAST SIMPLE	PAST PARTICIPLE	TRANSLATION
abide [əbʌid]	abode [əbəud]	abode [əbəud]	endure, endure
arise [ə"raiz]	arose [ə"rəuz]	arisen [ə"riz(ə)n]	To arise, to happen
awake [ə"weik]	awoke [ə"wəuk]	awoken [ə"wəukən]	Wake up, wake up
be	was, were	been	Be
bear	bore	borne	carry, bear
beat	beat	beaten ["bi:tn]	Beat
become	became	become	Become
begin	began	begun	Start off
hold	beheld	beheld	contemplate, see
bend	bent	bent	Bend
bereave		bereft/bereaved	Deprive, take away
beseech		bethought/beseeched	Beg, beg
beset	beset	beset	Surround
bet	bet	bet	argue
bid	bid / bade	bidden	Offer, order
bind	bound	bound	Bind
bite	bit	bitten	bite, peck
bleed	bled	bled	Bleed
blow	blew	blown	Blow
break	broke	broken ["brouk(e)n]	Break
breed	bred	bred	Breed, multiply
bring	brought	brought	Bring
browbeat ["braubi:t]	browbeat ["braubi:t]	browbeaten ["braubi:tn]/ browbeat ["braubi:t]	Intimidate, intimidate
build	built	built	Build
burn	burnt	burnt	burn
burst	burst	burst	Break out
bust	busted	busted	Go bankrupt, go broke
buy	bought	bought	Buy
cast	cast	cast	Throw, throw away
catch	caught	caught	Catch, grab, catch
choose	chose [ʃəuz]	chosen	Choose
cleave	cleft	cleft	Split, cut
cling	clung	clung	cling, hold on
clothe		clothed/clad	Dress
come	came	come	Come
cost	cost	cost	Cost
creep	crept	crept	Crawl
cut	cut	cut	Cut
deal	dealt	dealt	Deal with
dig	dug	dug	Dig
disprove	disproved	disproved/disproven	Refute
dive	dove	dived	Dive, submerge
do	did	done	Do
draw	drew	drawn	Draw, drag
dream	dream	dream	Dream, doze
drink	drank	drunk	Drink
drive	drove	driven ["drivn]	Drive
dwell		dwelt/dwelled	reside, inhabit
eat	ate	eaten ["i:tn]	Eat
fall	fell	fallen ["fɔ:lən]	Fall
feed	fed	fed	Feed
feel	felt	felt	Feel
fight	fought	fought	Fight
find	found	found	Find
fit	fit	fit	Fit to size
flee	fled	fled	Run away, disappear
fling	flung	flung	Throw, throw
fly	flew	flown	Fly
forbid	forbade	forbidden	Forbid
forgo (forego)	forewent	foregone	refuse, abstain
forecast ["fɔ:ka:st]	forecast ["fɔ:ka:st]	forecast ["fɔ:ka:st]	Forecast
foresee	foresaw	foreseen	Anticipate, predict
foretell	foretold	foretold	Predict, foretell
forget	forgot	forgotten	Forget
forgive	forgave	forgiven	Forgive
forsake	forsook	forsaken	Leave, leave
freeze	froze	frozen ["frouzn]	Freeze
get	got	got	Receive
gild	gilt	gilt	Gild
give	gave	given	Giving
go	went	gone	Go
grind	ground	ground	Grind, grind
grow	grew	grown	Grow
hang	hung	hung	Hang
have	had	had	Have
hear	heard	heard	Hear
hide	hid	hidden ["hidn]	Hide
heave	heaved / hove	heaved / hove	Pull, push
hew	hewed	hewn/hewed/	chop down, cut down
hit	hit	hit	Hit the target
hide	hid	hidden	Hide, hide
hold	held	held	Hold
hurt	hurt	hurt	Hurt
inlay [ɪnˈleɪ]	inlaid [ɪnˈleɪd]	inlaid [ɪnˈleɪd]	invest (money), inlay
input [ˈɪnpʊt]	input [ˈɪnpʊt]	input [ˈɪnpʊt]	Enter, enter
interweave [ɪntəˈwiːv]	interwove [ɪntəˈwəʊv]	interwoven [ɪntəˈwəʊv(ə)n]	Weave
keep	kept	kept	Contain
kneel	knelt	knelt	Kneel
knit	knit	knit	Knit, darn
know	knew	known	Know
lay	laid	laid	Putting
lead	led	led	News
lean	leant	leant	Tilt
leap	leapt	leapt	Jump, gallop
learn	learn	learn	Learn
leave	left	left	Leave
lend	tape	tape	Occupy
let	let	let	Let
lie	lay	lain	Lie
light	lit	lit	illuminate
lose	lost	lost	Lose
make	made	made	Produce
mean	meant	meant	To mean
meet	met	met	Meet
mistake	mistook	mistaken	To be wrong
mow	mowed	town	Mow, cut
overcome [əʊvəˈkʌm]	overcame [əʊvəˈkeɪm]	overcome [əʊvəˈkʌm]	overcome, overcome
pay	paid	paid	To pay
plead		declare / pled	Beg, beg
prove	proved	proven	Prove
put	put	put	Put
quit	quit	quit	Go out
read	read	read	Read
relay	relayed	relayed	Transmit, broadcast
rid	rid	rid	To deliver, to liberate
ride	rode	ridden ["ridn]	Ride a horse
ring	rank	rung	Ring
rise	rose	risen ["rizn]	Get up
run	ran	run	Run
saw	sawed	sawed / sawn	Sawing, sawing
say	said	said	Speak
see	saw	seen	See
seek	sought	sought	Search
sell	sold	sold	Sell
send	sent	sent	Send
set	set	set	Put
sew	sewed	sewn	Sew
shake [ʃeik]	shook [ʃuk]	shaken ["ʃeik(ə)n]	Shake
shave [ʃeɪv]	shaved [ʃeɪvd]	shaved [ʃeɪvd]/ shaven [ʃeɪvən]	Shave, shave
shear [ʃɪə]	sheared [ʃɪəd]	sheared [ʃɪəd]/ shorn [ʃɔ:n]	Cut, cut
shed [ʃed]	shed [ʃed]	shed [ʃed]	Spill, lose
shine [ʃaɪn]	shone [ʃoʊn]	shone [ʃoʊn]	Shine, shine
shit [ʃit]	shit [ʃit]	shit [ʃit]	Shit
shoe [ʃu:]	shod [ʃɒd]	shod [ʃɒd]	Shoe, shoe
shoot [ʃu:t]	shot [ʃɒt]	shot [ʃɒt]	Shoot, take pictures
show [ʃəu]	showed [ʃəud]	shown [ʃəun]	Show
shrink [ʃriŋk]	shrank [ʃræŋk]	shrunk [ʃrʌŋk]	Reduce
shut [ʃʌt]	shut [ʃʌt]	shut [ʃʌt]	Close
sing	sang	sung	Sing
sink	sank, sunk	sunk	Drown
sit	sat	sat	Sit
slay	slew	slain	Kill, put to death
sleep	slept	slept	Sleep
slide	slide	slide	Slide
sling	slung	slung	Hang
slink		slunk/slinked	Slip away
slit	slit	slit	Cut, cut
smell	smelt	smelt	Smell, feel
smite	smote	smitten [ˈsmɪtn]	Hit, hit
sow	sowed	south	Sow
speak	spoke	spoken ["spouk(e)n]	Speak
speed	sped	sped	Hurry, rush
spell	spelled	spelled	To spell
spend	spent	spent	Spend
spill	spilt	spilt	Shed
spin	spun	spun	Twist, twirl
spit	spit/spat	spit/spat	Spit
split	split	split	Divide, break
spoiler	spoilt	spoilt	Spoil
spread	spread	spread	spread out
spring	sprang	sprung	Jump
stand	stood	stood	Stand
steal	stole	stolen ["stəulən]	Steal
stick	stuck	stuck	prick
sting	stung	stung	Sting
stink	stank	stunk	Stink, smell
strew	strewed	strewn	To sprinkle
stride	strode	stridden	Step
strike	struck	struck/stricken	Strike, strike
string	strung	strung	string, hang
strive		strive / strive	Try, try
swear	swore	sworn	swear, swear
sweat		sweat / sweated	Sweat
sweep	swept	swept	Sweep
swell	swelled	swollen ["swoul(e)n]	Swell
swim	swam	swum	Swim
swing	swung	swung	Sway
take	took	taken ["teik(ə)n]	Take, take
teach	taught	taught	Learn
tear	tore	torn	Tear
tell	told	told	Tell
think [θiŋk]	thought [θɔ:t]	thought [θɔ:t]	Think
throw [θrəu]	threw [θru:]	thrown [θrəun]	Throw
thrust [θrʌst]	thrust [θrʌst]	thrust [θrʌst]	Stick it in, stick it in
thread	trod	trodden	Trample, crush
[ʌndəˈɡəʊ]	passed [ʌndə"wɛnt]	undergone [ʌndə"ɡɒn]	experience, endure
understand [ʌndə"stænd]	understood [ʌndə"stud]	understood [ʌndə"stud]	Understand
undertake [ʌndəˈteɪk]	undertook [ʌndəˈtʊk]	took [ʌndəˈteɪk(ə)n]	undertake, commit
undo ["ʌn"du:]	undid ["ʌn"dɪd]	undone ["ʌn"dʌn]	Destroy, cancel
upset [ʌp"set]	upset [ʌp"set]	upset [ʌp"set]	Upset, upset
wake	woke up	woken ["wouk(e)n]	Wake up
wear	wore	worn	Wear
weave	wove / weaved	wove / weaved	Weave, weave
wed	wed / wedded ["wɛdɪd]	wed / wedded ["wɛdɪd]	Marry
weep	wept	wept	Cry
wet	wet	wet	Get wet
win	won	won	Win
wind	wound	wound	Wriggle
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	Remove, delete
withhold	withheld	withheld	Hold, hide
withstand	withstood	withstood	Withstand, resist
wring	wrung	wrung	Squeeze, twist
write	wrote	written ["ritn]	Write

Video on learning and memorizing irregular English verbs:

Top 100 irregular verbs in English.

In this video, the author analyzes the most popular irregular verbs in the English language (top 100, compiled by himself). Examples are given for all irregular verbs, voiceovers, etc. The most commonly used irregular verbs come first, then the least used.

Pronunciation of irregular English verbs.

British version of English irregular verbs. The author gives you the opportunity to repeat after him and thus hone the correct pronunciation of irregular verbs.

Learning irregular English verbs using rap.

Interesting video for learning irregular English verbs superimposed on rap.

Examples of using irregular verbs:

1. I could swim when I was five.	1. I knew how to swim when I was five years old.

2.Peter became an entrepreneur by chance.	2. Peter became an entrepreneur by accident.

3. He took another day off.	3. He took another day off.

4. They had two cats and a dog.	4. They had two cats and one dog.

5. We did lots of work yesterday.	5. We did great job yesterday.

6.Jane ate the last piece of cake.	6. Jane ate the last piece of pie.

7. He got another chance to gain her heart.	7. He got another chance to win her heart.

8. I gave my old bycicle to the neighbor's son.	8. I gave mine away old bike neighbor's son.

9.We went shopping to the mall two days ago..	9. We went to the nearest store shopping mall two days ago.

10.She made a rather delicious pasta.	10. She made quite tasty pasta.


11.Have you bought a new car?	11. Did you buy a new car?

12. We've driven all the way down to her house.	12. We drove all the way to her house.

13. She's grown so much since we last saw her.	13. She has grown so much since we last saw her.

14. Have you ever ridden a trycicle?	14. Have you ever ridden a tricycle?

15. You don't need to repeat twice, as it is understood.	15. You don’t need to repeat it twice, since everything is understood.

16. Their dog has bitten my sister today.	16. Their dog bit my sister today.

17.Have you chosen your future profession?	17. Have you chosen your future profession?

18. We've completely forgotten to call the Smiths.	18. We completely forgot to call the Smiths.

19. I've hidden a folder and now I can"t find it.	19. I hid the folder and now I can’t find it.

20. It was thought to be necessary for him.	20. Everyone thought that this would benefit him.