Infrared heaters - calculation and choice. Infrared heaters - calculation and selection Heater for a room of 20 sq. m

Central heating may not be enough to heat your home in harsh winters. Which heater is better to choose for your home so that it quickly releases heat and does not consume too much energy? This question is relevant for any family. Nowadays, many different types of heaters have appeared, differing in the principles of their operation. Before purchasing, you should familiarize yourself with the types of devices, their advantages, disadvantages and other nuances.

Most household heaters are powered by electricity. To minimize energy costs and at the same time stay warm, you need to know how certain devices are designed and which one will be the most effective for certain conditions. For example, choosing a heater for a summer house will differ significantly from choosing a device for heating a living room in an apartment.

So, let's look at the main types of heating devices, their pros and cons.

Fan heater

Fan heaters come in large and small sizes. They are very popular due to their affordable price and efficiency. A metal spiral, tubular heating element or ceramic plates are used as a heating element in such devices. A fan is installed at the rear. When turned on, the heating element quickly reaches a high temperature, and the fan actively blows warm air out.

Due to convection, the room is heated very quickly. Within 15-20 minutes you can feel the temperature in the room increase. Most models are equipped with a power and temperature controller, and also have a function to turn off the fan if necessary. More expensive devices have the option of ionization and air humidification, the possibility of remote control, a timer, and a rotary mechanism.

Modern fan heaters are available in a wide variety of designs: horizontal, vertical, oval, square, rectangular, floor and wall. The body of most devices is made of plastic.

Advantages of fan heaters

1. Inexpensive.
2. The assortment includes small models that can be placed under your feet (for example, when working at a desk), on bedside tables and tables for local heating.
3. Almost all models have a protection function, and the device turns off if dropped or turned over on its side.
4. Light weight makes it easy to move the device from room to room and take it with you to a country house.
5. It is impossible to get burned from the outside by such a heater: all elements are reliably protected, and the blown air does not exceed a temperature of +43 degrees.
6. A huge variety of designs allows you to choose a model to suit your interior.
7. Small devices have a power of about 1-1.5 kilowatts and do not consume much energy.

Flaws

1. The fan makes noise when operating. If you turn on such a device at night, you may not fall asleep because of the hum.
2. Dries the air quickly.
3. Hardly suitable for heating a large room. The larger the device, the more energy it absorbs and the more noise it makes.
4. They break down more often and faster than other types of heaters (the weak point is the heating elements, which simply burn out with frequent and prolonged use).

Despite some disadvantages, a fan heater will never be superfluous in the house. It is ideal for quickly heating small spaces and specific areas. But it is not suitable as a heating device for constant use during the cold season of the year. For this purpose, there are more practical and silent types of heaters.

Oil heater

For those looking for energy-efficient heating devices, oil heaters are the best choice.

The design of such devices is similar to central heating radiators and is designed for floor installation. Inside the sections there is a thermostat and mineral oil that can retain heat for a very long time. Models may have different numbers of sections. Thus, everyone can choose the optimal size unit.

Among the assortment you can find devices with built-in fans located on the side of the case. All modern models are equipped with multi-stage temperature controllers. There are devices equipped with timers and other “tricks”.

Convector

These types of heaters are similar in their operating principle to fan heaters. The convector takes in air from outside, passes it through the heating element and expels it already warm. The devices consist of a rectangular body with holes at the top through which air circulates.

The difference with a conventional fan heater is that the air flow in convectors occurs due to the process of natural convection. Most manufacturers try to use a ceramic heating element that does not burn oxygen and dust so much.

Which heater is better to choose

To choose the right heater, you need to determine exactly for which room it is needed.

Heater for apartment

When choosing a heating device for a small apartment, take into account factors such as:

1. Area of ​​rooms.
2. Number of windows.
3. Power and serviceability of the central heating system.
4. Number of residents in the apartment.

For a small apartment with sealed windows and weak central heating, a convector or oil heater is suitable. It is worth taking into account that heating 1 sq/m of area requires 100 W of device power. Therefore, if a room is 10 sq/m, to heat it you need a device with a power of at least 1 kW.

If there are 1 or 2 people living in an apartment, you can choose a fan heater or an IR heater.

Heaters for home

For a large house, one device is unlikely to be enough. Convectors are the most effective choice for private homes. They can be hung in different rooms, they will not disrupt the aesthetics of the interior and will not “eat up” too much energy.

For the dacha

As a rule, people do not spend much time at dachas during the cold season. A practical solution would be fan heaters or IR heaters. They provide heat almost instantly and quickly warm the room.

For those who live in the country for a long time, we can recommend an oil device. It will gently warm the air and, if there is a timer, will not require too much energy.

For children's

Directly to the children's room or wall convectors are recommended. They are as safe as possible: they do not burn, will not turn over, and do not make noise. The devices have multiple settings and allow you to adjust the temperature at any time of the day or night. This is the best choice for a home with children.

For bathroom

The bathroom has high humidity and is a non-residential space. This means you need a device that will quickly heat up and reduce the humidity level. Fan heaters are best suited for this purpose.

For the bathroom, you should choose models with a high degree of tightness and insulation of the electrical system.

Which heater provides the best warmth?

The properties of a home heater in terms of heating level depend not so much on its system as on its power. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately answer which heater heats better.

Although if we compare oil and infrared devices, they really have completely different operating principles, but this does not affect the degree of heat emitted. On average, for a living space up to 10 sq.m. with good thermal insulation, a 1.5 kW heater will be sufficient. If the apartment is cold, with high ceilings and concrete walls, then you should choose a more powerful device (up to 2-2.5 kW).

The best manufacturing companies

For those who are thinking about which company to choose a heating unit, we present a rating of manufacturing companies.

The best manufacturers of oil heaters:

1. Ballu.
2. Electrolux.
3. Vitek.
4. DeLonghi.
5. Vitesse.

The best convector manufacturers:

1. Timberk.
2. Noirot Spot.
3. Electrolux
4. Roda Delux.
5. Alpine Air.
6. Nobo.

The best manufacturers of IR heaters:

1. Ballu.
2. Polaris.
3. Zenet
4. Neoclima.

The best manufacturers of fan heaters:

1. Ballu.
2. Vitek.
3. Timberk.

Which heaters are the most economical and efficient?

In terms of efficiency, heaters can be distributed as follows:

1. Infrared.
2. Oil radiators.
3. Inverter convectors.
4. Mechanical convectors.
5. Fan heaters.

The efficiency of heating directly depends on the power and dimensions of the device, as well as on the room itself. Brick walls warm up faster than concrete walls, and rooms with high ceilings take longer to warm up than rooms with low ceilings.

Top heaters

We present a brief overview of popular heaters with good characteristics, ideal for residential buildings and apartments.

Oil model with heating power of 1500 W. The unit is capable of heating up to 20 sq.m. within a couple of hours. living space. The radiator has 7 sections, an adjustable thermostat, protection against overheating and falling. Type of placement – ​​floor. The average price of a heater is 2300 rubles.

Another good floor-mounted oil heater with a maximum power of 1500 W. It also has 7 sections, several stages of temperature control. There is a power indicator light on the outside. There is a convenient compartment for storing the cord at the bottom, and a handle at the top for comfortable movement. The design is made in dark color. Estimated cost – 1900 rub.

This is an electronically controlled convector model with a power of up to 1500 W. The unit can be wall mounted or installed on the floor. The thermostat has a high degree of protection against power surges, overheating, and moisture. The LED display shows the selected settings. An excellent model in all respects – you won’t find a better one for your home. You can buy Noirot Spot E-5 1500 for RUB 8,000.

The compact convector heater is designed for a room no larger than 13 m/sq. It can be installed on the floor or mounted on the wall. Control type – mechanical. The housing is protected from moisture, and the heating element is protected from overheating. The model is suitable for a nursery, as it is safe for the child. The device has an economical price - 2300-2500 rubles.

The convector heater is designed for an area of ​​up to 20 m/sq. The model has an electronically controlled display. The indicator light comes on when turned on. The sealed housing reliably isolates electrical elements from moisture. If the unit overheats, it turns off automatically. You can place the convector on the wall or install it on the floor by attaching wheels to it. The average cost of the model is 7500 rubles.

The 2500 W oil heater has 11 sections and is designed to heat a room up to 25 square meters. meters. For ease of movement, the device is equipped with wheels and a comfortable handle. The model has several degrees of protection and an adjustable thermostat. There is a light indicator and mechanical switches on the case. When heating, the unit does not make the slightest noise. You can buy UNIT UOR-123 within 2800 rubles.

The electric convector is also aimed at heating a large area - 20-25 m2. The monolithic body protects internal mechanisms from moisture. Electronic control allows you to configure the heater at your discretion. The device has 2 forms of placement - on the floor and on the wall. The model is suitable for a large apartment or house. Average price – 9000-9500 rub.

The convector type heater is made in a black casing. The model is equipped with electronic control, remote control, display, indicator light. The power level of the device is 1500 W. The device will quickly heat a room of 15-18 m2. The device provides protection from moisture, frost and overheating. The cost varies between 4600-5000 rubles.

The fan heater is available in several colors and has a power of 1200 W. The compact rectangular case does not take up much space. You can install the device on the floor or on a cabinet. The model has overheating protection. The temperature level is adjustable. In summer you can use the device as a regular fan. Average price – 4000 rub.

Our rating is completed by another convector model with a power of 2000 W. Among the advantages, we can note such options as shutdown when overheating, several stages of temperature control. The moisture-proof housing allows you to place the heater even in the bathroom. Installation, like most convectors, is wall and floor. The approximate price of the model is 10,000 rubles.

We hope that the review will help you choose the most optimal heater for your home. Before purchasing, be sure to ask the seller for a fire safety certificate for a specific model and a warranty card.

Absolutely any heater will dry out the air in a closed space. If you intend to use your heating device frequently, a smart decision would be to purchase an automatic air humidifier. Low humidity levels are harmful to health and are especially contraindicated for allergy sufferers and asthmatics.

Name
Type	oil radiator	oil radiator				oil radiator			thermal fan
Heating area	20 sq.m	20 sq.m	20 sq.m	13 sq.m	20 sq.m	23 sq.m	25 sq.m	20 sq.m	15 sq.m	20 sq.m
Heating power	1500 W	1500 W	1500 W	1000 W	1500 W	2300 W	2000 W	1500 W	1200 W	1200 W
Protective functions		overheat shutdown	frost protection, waterproof housing	waterproof housing		overheat shutdown	waterproof housing	Frost protection, overheat shutdown	overtemperature shutdown, tip-over shutdown	overheat shutdown, waterproof housing
Price	from 2400 rub.	from 2100 rub.	from 8500 rub.	from 2850 rub.	from 5000 rub.	from 3300 rub.	from 8100 rub.	from 4600 rub.	from 4700 rub.	from 11200 rub.
Where can I buy

During the cold season, residents of private houses think about a comfortable indoor temperature. But among the many heating equipment, it is difficult to choose the best option. Many people choose electrical products that have many benefits and consume a small amount of electricity. Let's consider which heater is the most economical for a private home in terms of electricity.

Which heater is the most energy efficient?

Before the start of the heating season, it is worth considering in advance which equipment will be optimal for your home.

There are several types of heaters:

• Electric (convector).
• Infrared.
• Micathermic.
• Air conditioner.
• Ceramic plate (panel).

Electric heater in the interior

Electric convector

Its operating principle is similar to that of an oil cooler. Air circulates through the heating element. The heated air rises and, after cooling, falls to reheat.

The most popular are Atlantic models. The power of convectors varies from 0.5 to 2.5 kW. To heat a room of 20 sq. m. it will take 4-5 hours.

Electric convector Atlantic

Infrared heater

Oil and electrical products have been replaced by a new type of heating equipment. The energy consumption of such equipment is significantly less. A quartz emitter is a heating element that heats up and transfers heat to nearby objects. Such equipment does not heat the air. It is suitable for quickly heating a room. But it is not able to efficiently heat the entire house for a long time.

The infrared device can be installed outdoors. The equipment can be mounted to the ceiling or installed on legs. For heating a room up to 20 square meters. m. it will take 2 hours.

Popular models: Eko, Saturn, Beko, etc. The product consumes an average of 90 W per sq.m.

Infrared heater

Micathermic heater

This product is distinguished by its economy and efficiency. It was developed using new technology and was released not so long ago. The equipment was previously used in astronautics and medical institutions. The equipment can be installed on the ceiling or wall.

A micathermic heater heats up efficiently because it has several plates that are coated with mica. It is safe as it does not get hot. Objects around the device heat up evenly.

There is one drawback in the equipment - high cost. A high-quality model is a product from Polaris with a power of 1.8 kW.

Micathermic heater Polaris

Air conditioner

The air conditioner is distinguished by its efficiency. Often used to heat a country house. The equipment consists of an indoor and outdoor unit. Heating a room is different from other heating devices.

The air conditioner is powered by a heat pump. It takes warm air inside the room using a heat exchanger. Therefore, even at negative temperatures, the air heats up and enters the house already warm. Freon is used for heating. Under the influence of pressure, the gas passes through the indoor unit in the heat exchanger and heats up to 80 degrees. After this, the freon goes to the outside and returns to the gas under low pressure. After boiling, it flows again into the indoor unit.

From 2 to 5 kW of electricity is consumed per hour, depending on the model. Air conditioners can heat houses even with a large area. Popular models: Samsung, Daikin and LG.

Air conditioner LG

Ceramic panel

Such equipment is also considered economical. The device looks like a ceramic plate. It works on the principle of long-wave infrared radiation. Excellent for different interiors, as it has a steel heat-conducting box. The panel can be installed on a wall or ceiling.

To calculate electricity consumption, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the device. On average, the panel consumes 0.2-2.5 kW per hour. Room 20 sq. m. can fully heat up after 2 hours.

Ceramic panel

Which heater consumes less electricity for a summer house and other homes?

Based on many experiments, we can single out one type that consumes less electricity. Such a device is a convector. The operating principle is similar to an oil radiator, but is distinguished by its safety and modernity.

Air circulates through the heating element, which is located in the convector. Thus, heat exchange occurs. The convector can be left on for a long time unattended, as it is one of the safest devices.

Such heating equipment is ideal for a country house. It does not dry the air, and the heating temperature cannot exceed 60 o C. After turning on the convector, the room will begin to heat up in 20 minutes. It consumes 25% less electricity than other heating devices.

The convector is considered the most economical for the home.

How much does an oil heater consume per day?

This type of heater burns a small amount of oxygen and consumes little electricity. In addition, they are not as fire hazardous as other devices.

The disadvantages are high cost and heavy weight. On average, an oil heater consumes 750W per hour. More powerful heaters consume about 1 kW. But you can find devices with less power.

Since the device operates several hours a day, electricity consumption is significantly less.

Oil heater

The higher the power of the device, the more electricity it consumes. When the device is turned off and in rest mode, it does not waste energy. Despite some disadvantages, there are more advantages. That is why it is popular among residents of private houses. You can calculate the amount of electricity consumed after 1 month of using the device.

Calculation of the power of different types of heaters per room area

Heaters are used not only in country houses, but also in apartments. In the fall, when cold weather sets in, the heating in the apartment is not yet turned on, so many people purchase electrical products. But in order not to receive a large electricity bill, you need to calculate the power and consumption of the device in advance.

To calculate, you should take into account the area of ​​the house or apartment and the number of heating appliances. It is necessary to calculate the power of radiators using a special formula.

kWt = 0.277*c* ϱ *P*h*(t2-t1), where c is the specific heat capacity, ϱ is the air density, P is the area, h is the height.

As a result, you will receive the amount of heat needed to heat the house and the required power of the appliances.

Power table per room area

The formula must take into account the following points:

1. Wall material and thickness. In a house with thick walls, heat loss will be minimal. And with thin walls, heat goes outside.
2. Type of radiators. Batteries can be infrared or oil.
3. Insulation of walls.
4. The quality and quantity of windows in the house. A large amount of heat escapes through windows. Therefore, it is important that the windows are of good quality. In this case, the heater can be heated to a low temperature. And if the windows are ventilated, then you need to turn on the device at the maximum temperature.

In order to correctly calculate the power of the required heater with all the nuances, you can use a calculator.

Quartz heater power

Such equipment consumes a small amount of electricity. The average consumption is 0.5 kW per hour. The type of heater is different from the same oil heater. A special stove contains a heating element that heats up and emits heat. Heat is distributed evenly over the entire area.

Quartz devices have the following advantages:

• The heater does not dry the air. Therefore, people in the room will feel comfortable.
• Beautiful appearance.
• Long service life.
• The air in the house remains fresh and clean.
• The device does not heat up to high temperatures. It can heat up to a temperature of 95 o C. Therefore, such a product can be considered not a fire hazard.
• The equipment accumulates heat for a long time. The appliance heats up and remains warm for a long time. It will take 20 minutes for the quartz product to fully heat up.

Quartz heater

Oil heater power

Based on the calculations, you can determine the power of the device. But it is worth considering the fact that such heaters distribute heat unevenly.

The air around the appliance becomes very hot, but in remote parts of the house the air remains cool.

How much energy does an infrared heater consume?

On average, such a heater consumes 0.5 kW per hour. This indicator indicates a high efficiency compared to other heating devices. If it works for about 10 hours a day, then it will consume 150 kWh per month. This electricity consumption can be considered a good indicator.

When purchasing a heater, you need to pay attention to the electricity consumption and power of the device. When choosing an infrared heater, power calculations must be made taking into account the area of ​​the room, so as not to overpay for unnecessary electricity consumption.

- These are heating devices that transfer the heat they produce to surrounding objects through infrared radiation. This radiation, like sunlight, is invisible, is not absorbed by the air and reaches the lower part of the room without loss, warming up the floor, furniture, walls and interior elements located in the coverage area of ​​the device. In infrared heaters, up to 90% of the energy is converted into a stream of long-wavelength heat rays and only 10% is spent on heating the air next to the heater.

Thus, the heat from the infrared heater is distributed evenly throughout the entire radiation zone, does not depend on air flows and ceiling heights, and creates comfortable conditions for people by heating the floor, and not the air at head level.

Thanks to this principle of operation, an infrared heater can be used where another heating method is difficult, impossible or economically unjustified: in rooms with very high ceilings or large heat losses (ventilated, heavily glazed, etc.); in semi-open and open verandas, terraces, halls; on open air; in rooms where zonal or even spot heating is needed. Other advantages of infrared heaters include efficiency, convenience, safety, ease of use and maintenance, compactness and noiselessness.

A wide range and range of uses means that for each specific case of installing an infrared heater, it is necessary to make a calculation and select the device model that will optimally satisfy the heat needs. A model for an industrial warehouse, an open pavilion or a small cafe will differ significantly in characteristics.

How to choose an infrared heater?

The choice of heater will depend on several main criteria:

• type of premises (residential, office, trade pavilion, warehouse, etc.)
• heating options (full, additional, zone, spot, etc.)
• installation heights (ceiling heights),
• installation (ceiling, wall, built-in)
• distances to people present in the room
• energy source (electricity, hot water, liquefied gas, diesel)

Power of infrared heaters

Having first determined the total power for heating the room as a whole, you can then select the power and number of heaters needed to distribute heat evenly in the room. In order to calculate how much heater power is needed for your room, the power density is calculated (the amount of power per square meter of heated area), which is measured in W/m2. The table shows approximate power densities to achieve the desired temperature in rooms with different thermal insulation.

The temperature indicated in the table may seem insufficient, but it should be remembered that with infrared heating, the ambient temperature feels 3-4° C higher than it actually is.

Heating area of ​​infrared heaters

These recommendations for choosing infrared heating are of a general nature and cannot take into account all the features of your actual operating conditions. For consultation and calculation contact our specialists.

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