How to make a water filter with your own hands? How to make a water filter at home? Do-it-yourself coarse water filter.

Since its inception, humanity has been looking for any possibility of water purification. Starting from the Middle Ages to the century of modern technology and innovation. Indeed, at the moment of the existence of life on earth, environmental problems are becoming more and more.

Due to the constant development of technological processes, emissions of harmful chemical compounds into the atmosphere or soil are growing every year. These harmful substances then penetrate into groundwater.

In our article you will learn:

Filter characteristics

Recently, a filter for purifying running water in the form of a jug has been gaining popularity. This filter has a simple design and can be made from scrap materials at home. This filter is suitable if you need to purify a couple of liters of water.

If we talk about large volumes, you will have to try, but the design principle of these filters is identical.

A properly made filter like this can purify water without any problems, but it is better not to use it immediately after filtering, but to let it stand for a while.

Modeling stage

Installing a filter for purifying running water will not be difficult. You will need a container to hold the filtered water, preferably glass. Next, you can take any plastic bottle and cut it to the middle.

This way we form a container, the so-called jug. Then we begin the construction of the filter itself. For this we need filter wool and graphene sorbent.

A layer of filter wool is placed at the bottom of the funnel of the cut bottle, then the sorbent is placed and covered with a layer of filter wool. Thus, we get the simplest water purification filter.

What is graphene sorbent?!

So, a graphene sorbent is, first of all, a chemical element, carbon, the structure of which has been radically changed. Graphene carbon is a kind of modification that allows the passage of water molecules, various salts and allows the retention of impurities, which include chemical elements and petroleum products.

In order for the graphene sorbent to perform its specified functions, it must be compacted to form a membrane.

Methods for purifying rainwater

There are many ways to purify rainwater. This depends primarily on the number of drainpipes, namely where to install the filter - on the roof or on the ground.

If the number of drainpipes is not small, then you should install a kind of coarse filter at the bottom of the drainpipe in order to initially clean the water from leaves, stones, and droppings. The coarse filter, which is located in the drainpipe, is made of stainless steel mesh.

But in this article we will give an example of a filter for purifying rainwater with your own hands, without complex technological solutions.

Preparation and installation

First you need to purchase barrels, for example, plastic or wooden. The barrel should be located directly under the drainpipe. It should be located a short distance from the building and it is recommended to place either bricks or stones under it.

Next, we install a faucet, which we will later use to drain filtered water. We install a solid partition in the barrel and make small holes, then covering them with a membrane that allows water to pass through. Next, let's get to the fun part!

Filter modeling stage

At this stage, we will look in detail at how to make a filter for purifying rainwater.

To begin, pour a small layer of pebbles, approximately 10-15 cm thick, onto the bottom sheet. Then we lay a layer of river sand of approximately the same thickness on top of the pebble layer. Next we lay a small layer of gravel. It is advisable to arrange a layer of gravel and river sand together as a single whole.

The next layer, namely the last one, is a layer of granular coal. An analogue of granulated charcoal is hard maple charcoal.

The next stage is compaction - we create a very dense and quite thick membrane, which is the filter. All filter elements must be covered with a top sheet. The canvas can be changed depending on the degree of contamination, and the filter itself is recommended to be replaced every season, since it, like all materials, wears out.

Such a filter can be created for containers of any size, the main thing is to follow the technological process and the correct design of the filter.

I hope this article will be useful and informative for you!

Photos of DIY water filters

High-quality water in modern conditions, especially drinking water, is a very rare occurrence. If several decades ago there were still clean springs and wells, now they are very rare even in rural areas. Agricultural companies pollute the soil no less than industry and herbicides. Mineral fertilizers inevitably penetrate into the sources. Water filtration has become a necessity.

Jug-type installations have become frequent guests in kitchens in the city and in the country. They are effective for small volumes of liquid. But if you need to clean tens or hundreds of liters, such devices are unsuitable. When there is a well, borehole, or swimming pool on the property, water filters are necessary. You can buy ones designed for these purposes, but those made by yourself are always cheaper.

Design features of industrial and home-made installations

Purified from harmful chemical and bacteriological impurities, life-giving moisture is considered accessible to people only after filtration. In cities, due to the wear and tear of communications, it reaches consumers with rust, lime deposits and other additives. In such conditions, even an aquarium needs to purify the water, otherwise the fish will not survive.

If the house is connected to water supply, the owners use washing machines and dishwashers, which react even more sensitively to water quality. Manufacturers equip their products with mesh filters, which provide rough cleaning, but allow small particles up to 5 microns to pass through. This is harmful for many household devices; they require additional fine filtration.

Simple household filters for the home

Industrial units are produced separately for cold and hot water; it is unacceptable to use them for purposes other than their intended purpose. In addition, a pressure regulator is required if pressure drops are observed in the pipes. All such installations have one or more cartridges plus a settling tank in the form of a flask or glass. The quality of water depends on the material used and the cell sizes of the working elements.

All of them require periodic replacement, because harmful impurities accumulate. The cost, depending on the design, is sometimes very impressive. A DIY water filter allows you to get rid of unnecessary financial expenses, and the quality of cleaning can exceed some industrial designs.

A simple homemade device

The dacha of an ordinary citizen often does not have a centralized water supply, so all kinds of sources are used: wells, boreholes and even ponds. In modern conditions, none of them can guarantee the quality of vital moisture. Even in areas remote from industrial centers, there is a danger of bacteriological contamination of water. Any filter, including a homemade one, will eliminate the risk of poisoning the human body.

The main condition for high-quality cleaning is filter filler

The working container is selected so that all the necessary filling fits into it. A variety of components are used for absorption: artificial and natural. The latter have higher filtration capabilities. These include:

sand from a river or quarry;
gravel;
zeolite;
Activated carbon.

For initial rough cleaning, cotton fabric materials or even paper are usually used. According to hygienic requirements, they are very impractical: they are constantly in a humid environment, subject to rotting, and an unpleasant odor appears. The very structure of such filters contributes to almost instant contamination, which requires frequent replacement.

The best material for filtration is activated carbon

Artificial materials have the best performance in this regard. One of the most preferred is lutrasil. It is not afraid of moisture, dirt accumulates to a lesser extent than on cotton. Of the other fabric filters, the synthetic one used in coffee machines is the cheapest.

Of the natural minerals that cost pennies, quartz sand, purified from clay and dirt, deserves attention. It perfectly captures small particles and heavy chemical compounds. Gravel is inferior in this regard - it copes better with large inclusions.

Zeolite is also a mineral, but has a disproportionately greater filtration effect. It cuts off metal and salt impurities - everything that comes into the water from the agricultural industry: pesticides, herbicides, mineral fertilizers.

Zeolite used in homemade structures

Activated carbon has found the most widespread use in homemade devices. It retains mineral formations and toxic substances with equal quality. Another advantage is that water after passing through it becomes transparent, unpleasant odors and microorganisms are eliminated.

Such filtration material is available to consumers. Both a special one and one intended for picnics, as well as one made with one’s own hands, are used. The structure is decisive for the quality of cleaning. If the absorbent looks like a powder, it will go away with water, and a coarse one will not provide good cleaning.

Cooking charcoal yourself is not particularly difficult. Wood of any species is used, except coniferous. Birch has the best qualities. Firewood is loaded into a metal container, which is placed on the fire, ideally in a stove. When they are red hot, stop heating and allow to cool. If you overdo it, valuable filtration properties are lost.

Water preparation devices for food

You can clean dirty liquid at home with homemade filters. The resulting product does not always satisfy all requirements. Only the use of high-quality elements allows you to achieve the expected results. They retain mechanical, chemical and bacteriological impurities.

At the dacha they use several types of homemade filters:

flow-through coal;
submersible for technical water in an aquarium, swimming pool;
external, allowing to get rid of mechanical contamination.

A homemade system is used when it is necessary to coarsely filter water from a well, well, or rainwater. Fine cleaning is used to eliminate odors caused by the presence of bacteria.

Simple filters for home made from plastic containers

There is no better absorbent for a homemade device than activated carbon. It does not allow mechanical impurities to pass through, as well as many toxins and bacteriological harmful substances. For production, dishes with a sealed lid and plastic pipes are used. For a small aquarium, disposable syringes are suitable.

The main thing is that the volume allows you to accommodate the required amount of filter material in several layers. The manufacturing process of the simplest device occurs in the following sequence:

1. Take a plastic bottle or other similar container, in which the bottom is cut off. Below, at a distance of about 2 cm, 2 holes are made with an awl.
2. One 10mm hole is also drilled into the lid. Alternatively, many small ones are pierced.
3. Screw onto the bottle and begin laying the cleaning material. Natural fabric or ready-made filters, lutrasil, are used on the bottom and walls.
4. Next comes activated carbon. On top there is clean sand, then gravel, which alternate in several layers. The total volume should not exceed 2/3 of the container's capacity.
5. Cover everything with a cloth that will not allow large particles to pass through. They hang it up and fill it with water, wait for it to be cleaned and poured into a clean container.

The system has a disadvantage: filtering takes a long time.

It is more convenient to use 2 pieces of pipe, one of which is 4 times longer than the other. The short one is used for rough cleaning. Place the lid tightly on the plastic container in which the hole is made. A mesh is placed on it and the space is filled with pharmaceutical cotton wool or padding polyester. On the other side, the pipe is also covered with a lid and mesh.

One end of the long piece, which serves as a fine filter, is prepared in the same way: a tight lid with a mesh. On the other side is the neck of a plastic container. The filter material is filled in, each layer in turn. Both parts of the structure are connected.

It’s also easy to do water purification for your home aquarium yourself. Requires 2 disposable 10 ml syringes with cut off tips. They are connected to each other, holes are made along the entire length. A tube with a spray at the end is placed inside, and if you add zeolite, the quality of the water will increase - nitrites will be removed. The outside of the device is wrapped with a sponge.

Pool water purification

Do-it-yourself sand filters allow you to filter a fairly large tank. They are easy to set up, and their cost is half that of store-bought ones. The structure consists of the following parts:

container with a wide neck;
pipes for water supply and intake;
quartz or glass sand as a filter.

It requires a plastic reservoir, usually a barrel, at the bottom of which there is a fine mesh with cells smaller than sand. Its fraction is from 0.4 to 0.8 mm. The first one changes after 2 or 3 years. The second one will last 5 years, but its cost is higher. Multilayer media is also used when the filter elements alternate from larger to smaller sizes or gravel is included.

Dirty water is supplied into a sealed container from above, suspended mineral and organic particles remain in the filter, and clean water flows into the pool from below. To operate the device, a pump with a power of 150–300 W is required, which is usually installed in front of the tank. Then he pushes the liquid out. If you place a pump after a container, a vacuum is created in it and water is sucked in. There is no fundamental difference in the two schemes; the procedure is ensured in any case.

For the first option, you need a container with reliable tightness that will withstand the pressure created in it. An expansion tank with a membrane is often used. This is removed and the inside of the body is painted to protect the iron from rust.

Using a plastic barrel with a volume of at least 60 liters for such purposes is also possible. But not every container of this type can withstand pressure: the lid often breaks off or the sides split apart at the joints. In this case, it is advisable to use a pump connection diagram after the filter. The lid is additionally sealed to prevent the slightest air leakage. The master class will show you the details in more detail.

To allow water to flow in and out, fittings are cut into the housing and the connection points are carefully sealed. A coarse filter is installed at the feed: an inexpensive cartridge or bottle neck with a mesh. A plastic pipe with holes is mounted on the back side of the filter tank, covered with non-woven material, through which even fine sand does not penetrate, and clean water flows into the pool.

If a pressure circuit is implemented, be sure to install a pressure gauge on the fitting in the tank lid or between the pump and the filter. It is more reliable to use a manifold that has a pressure sensor, air vent and safety valves. If the suction principle is used, a tap is cut into the lid. When the system becomes airy, just open it and bleed the air.

A filter with top water intake is placed below the level of the pool mirror. Taps are installed on both pipes to regulate the operation. The discharge and collection sites are located as far away as possible. Before turning on the pump, the tank is filled with liquid manually.

If you have an urgent need to filter the liquid, then you can make a water purification filter with your own hands. Most often, filtration of drinking water is needed in the field; one of the simple options is presented in the video. It is also not uncommon for cases when you need to make a homemade filter installation to purify water from the water supply system.

Why do you need to purify water?

Water from open sources is characterized by the following physical and chemical indicators:

Taste - sour, salty, sweet, bitter. It comes from dissolved impurities and gases.
Smell: hydrogen sulfide, swampy, putrid, fishy, muddy, etc. Its source is substances found in wastewater or that enter the liquid naturally.
Turbidity and color come from organic components, particles of clay and silt, and microorganisms.

To make a simple homemade filter, you can use an Aquaphor cartridge. The price of such a filter is about 400 rubles, for this price you can filter about 200 liters of water.

In addition, water that has not passed through at least a simple water filter contains industrial and domestic wastewater, combustion products of various types of fuel, harmful chemical elements, particles of dolomite, lime, gypsum, and sand.

The Aquaphor filter is great for hiking and traveling. With this filter you can filter river or rain water. To be safe, boil the water before use.

All this can cause:

gastrointestinal diseases;
intoxication of the body;
the accumulation of salts in it, which lead to diseases of the joints, bladder, the formation of gall and kidney stones, allergic reactions, and the development of iron bacteria.

In these cases, water purification, even with homemade filters, sharply reduces the likelihood of negative consequences for humans.

How to choose filter media

This water filtration is the most basic, and as we know: “Everything ingenious is simple!”

To filter out solid particles suspended in liquids, salts, excess iron, and also to adsorb odors, different materials are used as fillers for filter elements:

Cotton wool, linen cloth, or cotton are suitable for collecting a fabric filter for water purification.
You can make a charcoal version of the cleaning device - use a product that is produced for cooking kebabs.
For short-lived appliances, use paper napkins. They are good at removing suspended matter that cannot dissolve.
A high-quality sorbent is a natural mineral of volcanic origin - zeolite. It absorbs unpleasant odors, mold, and toxins.
After washing and disinfection in the oven or on fire, gravel, quartz sand or stones of medium and fine fractions are used to filter the water.
Mechanical cleaning can be organized using lutrasil, a non-woven polypropylene fabric that is common in agriculture.
At the molecular level, silver has a disinfecting effect. You can use any suitable items made of this metal.

Activated carbon device for dirty water purification

Coal will help remove contaminants of organic and inorganic origin, as well as ozonate and eliminate water chlorination products.

As a filler in a homemade carbon-based filter, a product washed with alkalis or acids (activated) or regenerated is used.

If you purchase coal with a silver coating, you will get a product that has bactericidal properties. Without such treatment, microorganisms and bacteria are able to penetrate the filter device.

Used coal can be restored 3-4 times as follows:

rinse with running water 2-3 times, placing it in an enamel bowl;
Let it sit for 2-3 hours;
dissolve soda (3% bicarbonate) in 3 liters of water and pour the composition over the regenerated product;
Boil the mixture for half an hour;
strain after draining and rinsing.

When manufacturing a cleaning system, you need to consider:

water pressure;
liquid temperature (boiling water cannot be filtered);
absence of nearby heating sources, which can lead to loss of sorbent properties.

Activated carbon is characterized by a porous structure, due to which purification occurs. Both powder and granular materials are suitable for this.

The quality of the resulting water depends on the thickness of the layer. The speed of passage of liquid through the filter is selected so as to ensure the required contact time between the liquid and the carbon for cleaning. 100 g of product can reliably neutralize 200 ml of water in 1 minute.

Small-sized camping varieties

A small filter for purifying water from toxic substances and mineral formations, which you can take with you when going outdoors, hunting or fishing, is easy to make. The product will remove the effects of microorganisms, rid the liquid of unpleasant odor and taste, and make the drink transparent.

It is important to choose the right mineral structure. A good level of cleaning in a portable device will be provided by medium-sized granules - large ones will let contaminants through, and small particles of powder will seep into the liquid.

Make a hole in the cigar case and fill it with filter elements. We fill the case like this: two cm of cotton wool at the very bottom, then an eight cm layer of ground activated carbon, then a 2 cm layer of cotton wool. All layers are clamped with a plate of water-permeable porous plastic, which is used in industrial water filters.

For homemade devices, it is better to take coal from birch and other deciduous trees. Needles can give water a specific smell. It’s easy to prepare the material yourself. You need to heat pieces of wood red-hot in a stove or over a fire in a metal container and cool them.

If the need for filtration arose unexpectedly, then the coals and ash left over from the fire are suitable as a filler. Combustion products are loaded into a plastic bottle or any other suitable container and liquid is passed through them.

Making a carbon water purifier

The carbon water filter can be assembled in a more suitable housing.

To do this you need to prepare:

A cartridge whose base is made from several food containers or plastic bottles.
A suitable tool is a screwdriver or awl, a knife, scissors.
The filler is charcoal, prepared independently or purchased in advance.
Granulates that can further improve the quality of drinking liquid are gravel and quartz sand.
Plugs or covers made of plastic.
Gauze, bandage or cloth to perform initial rough cleaning of large debris.

Use electrical tape or silicone glue to strengthen the joints of the device. For ease of use, a homemade device can be suspended by threading a cord or wire through holes made in a plastic bottle with the bottom cut off. A cap that can be unscrewed a few turns to allow water to flow is suitable as a tap.

To facilitate subsequent replacement of the filler, a fabric cover is often used. Then the filter layers are laid. Gravel and pebbles are placed last. First - coal and sand. You can place cotton wool at the neck as a fine filter.

The main disadvantage of such systems is the slow filtration process.

Useful homemade PVC pipe

Homemade filters for water purification, which can compete with industrially produced products, can be made for a country house or cottage. If the water supply is supplied from a lake, pond, river, a well is drilled or a shaft well is made, the installation of filtering devices is necessary.

Cleaning devices are made using improvised means. Will need:

2 containers;
part of the water pipe made of plastic - 50-80 cm;
plastic bottle caps;
cotton wool;
filler;
tools.

The procedure for making a water filter from PVC pipe.

A cover is glued into the PVC pipe, in which several holes are made. It will act as a mesh backing when laying cotton wool and gauze as the primary layers of the filter.
Place a layer of padding polyester and lay another cover without glue.
The neck, cut off from the bottle, is attached to the pipe with the thread facing outward. Wrap with electrical tape.
A lid with a fabric gasket is attached to the other end.
The pipe is filled with activated carbon.
The segments are connected using threads and plastic bottles are placed on both sides.

Water filter for aquarium

A flow device for purifying water in aquariums can be made independently at home.

The body can be constructed from 2 syringes or take a plastic tube of the desired diameter. To secure the device to the wall, you will need a suction cup. Device assembly:

Remove the moving part from the syringes and put them away. Cut off the spouts of the remaining parts and connect the tubes to each other with hot glue.
Use a soldering iron or a heated nail to make holes on the surface of one of the syringes.
Place zeolite and spray inside the product.

Sand option for the pool

Before you make a water filter with your own hands, you need to decide on the volume of liquid that needs to be cleaned. If the displacement is small, then home-made devices with sand filling are suitable.

Any container of suitable size can perform the functions of a cartridge. Liquid supply and outlet pipes are inserted into it and sand or other filler is placed. A PVC corner is useful for turning the pipe.

For efficient cleaning, several containers can be connected together using an M10 threaded sleeve. A compressor is connected to the system, the power of which is calculated depending on the volume of the pool.

Homemade water filter

The water filter is made independently from 3 containers arranged in series. It will only function under pressure.

A 1/4-inch adapter nipple is suitable for connecting glass or plastic containers together. When assembling, you must follow the guides indicated on the parts.

Seal the joints of the product with synthetics. You can use Teflon tape for carving.

The filter elements are connected to the water supply system in series through a tee. Activated carbon is used as a filler.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Homemade water filters are a good way to protect the human body from harmful minerals, as well as from garbage and scale - household appliances - washing machines and kettles.

In most cases, making a device at home is cheaper than purchasing a factory one. To fill the device, improvised materials are used.

To improve the quality of water, charcoal, gauze or a coffee filter are suitable, and they are not difficult to make with your own hands.

Any person quickly gets used to everything good, so it is quite difficult for members of modern society to do without all the benefits of civilization. Most residents of city apartments prefer to purify drinking water using special filters that are installed directly under the sink. Unfortunately, residents of private houses and summer cottages are less fortunate, since they do not have the opportunity to connect to the central water supply system and enjoy all the benefits of treatment facilities. In principle, you can purchase an ordinary filter jug for water purification. But what to do if it is not enough and you need to purify the water not only for drinking, but also for household needs. Today we will take a look at the most popular ways to make water filters with your own hands for use in a city apartment and in the private sector.

Making filters for apartments

There are two options for making a water filter at home, which are very popular among city residents. In fact, we will consider them further.

How to repurpose an old water filter?

Perhaps you have already used a special filter once, but the cartridge responsible for water purification has already become unusable and is not able to perform its function. Don't rush to buy a new one, because it can be restored.

To do this, you will need the following materials:

Housing from an old filter element.
Activated or charcoal.
Cotton pad.

Making such homemade water filters with your own hands is very simple:

Carefully cut out the top and set it aside as you will no longer need it. Leave only the top pressure ring.
Remove the spent contents of the filter and rinse the housing itself thoroughly with water.
Divide the cotton pad in half and place one half on the bottom of the case.
Fill the housing with crushed coal.
Cover it with the other half of the cotton pad and secure with a ring.

Important! There are cartridge models in which the pressure ring in the body is not fixed. In this case, you can fix it with a sealant; just a couple of drops will be enough, the main thing is that it is non-toxic and waterproof.

How to make a filter from scrap materials?

To make a homemade water filter, you will need:

An empty plastic bottle with a cap that screws on tightly.
A piece of cotton fabric.
Charcoal.

Now let’s look step by step at how to make a water filter with your own hands from a bottle:

The first step is to activate the charcoal:
- It should first be crushed into cereal so that the particle diameter is at least 4-6 mm. You need enough coal to fill the bottle two-thirds full.
- Then pour it into a container of water, bring to a boil and leave to simmer over low heat for another five minutes.
- After this, use a metal sieve or colander to drain the water. But note that the water should still be hot.
- Allow the coal to cool completely.
In the second stage, make several holes in the bottle cap with a diameter of 3-3.5 mm.
At the third stage, you need to cut off the bottom of the bottle.
In the fourth step, place cotton fabric in the neck of the bottle.
The fifth stage is pouring activated carbon into the container.

Important! This filter will last you a long time. And when you feel that the water has changed in taste again, then simply rinse the used coal, boil it again, replace the cloth and continue to use it calmly.

How to make a filter for a well?

Living in the private sector or in the country, people also want to have some kind of device for filtering water, even if it comes from a clean well. Why do this? The fact is that pesticides and nitrates, which are used during the processing of vegetable gardens, can seep into the ground and fall with groundwater directly into the water of wells. There is a way out - you can make water filters with your own hands from natural materials and install it on the bottom.

But first you need to decide what the bottom is in your well:

If it is clay with gushing springs, then it is better to install a coarse filtration system in the water intake structures. A bottom device in such a situation can only do harm and block the outlet of spring water.
If the bottom consists of soft clay and is washed away by water, then it is advisable to lay a layer of coarse crushed stone 15-20 cm thick.
But a sandy bottom, through which water seeps freely, needs a bottom filter. If this is not done, then when the bucket hits the bottom or water, the sand will be washed away and create a cloudy sediment.

Important! Pumps are inappropriate here, because they will become heavily clogged with sand and break.

If the bottom is covered with sand, which is highly saturated with groundwater, then in addition to the bottom filter, you can also install a protective bottom with a wooden shield to prevent erosion.

What materials can be used for the bottom filter?

At your discretion, you can use the following natural materials:

Quartz coarse sand. It consists of grains up to 1 mm in size, so it must be washed before placing it in the well.
Gravel. It is a loose, porous sedimentary rock, with gravel grains ranging in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.
River pebbles. These are round pebbles of different sizes and colors.
Crushed stone. These pebbles are mined mechanically, so they can have irregular shapes and different sizes.

Important! To make a filter using crushed stone, it is better to use neutral minerals, such as jadeite. Construction and crushed granite stones are not suitable for this.

Zeolite. This mineral is most often used for water purification, since it withstands the attacks of any microbes, bacteria and viruses.
Shungite or petrified oil. It is often used in alternative medicine, and it effectively purifies water from dioxides and radicals. This is a unique bactericidal agent.

Laying the bottom filter

If you absolutely need to make a shield for a well, then it is better to make it from wood species such as oak or aspen. They are the ones that can survive in water for a long time. The structure is arranged as follows:

First you need to put together a shield from the boards, cut it according to the size of the well trunk, drill holes of 1-1.5 mm, wrap it in geotextile and lower it to the bottom. Place a layer of large stone on top of the shield.
Next, you need to decide on the type of filter to be installed, which can be direct or reverse. If the bottom of the well is covered with soft clay or a bottom shield against floaters, then it is better to use a direct filter, that is, stack from the largest fractions to the smallest. Each layer should have a thickness of 15-20 cm. It is recommended to make at least three layers: the first will consist of crushed stones or stones 5-6 cm in size, the second will be of small river pebbles, gravel or shungite, and the third will be of washed river sand.

Important! Reverse filters are used in wells with a sandy bottom, as they do not allow grains of sand to rise up and protect the bottom from large debris. They are laid in the reverse order, that is, the small fraction comes first, and then the large one.

Then follows the installation itself, depending on the selected filter type.
During operation, the devices become clogged with small particles of sand and clay, so they need to be cleaned every year. To do this, the sand is completely replaced, and the stones are simply taken out and washed thoroughly under running water. The filter is put back in the same sequence.

Manufacturing of filters for wells

In wells, water is also purified using filters. Summer residents and owners of private houses most often use perforated perforated systems for this. Such devices are quite effective and simple.

Before you make a water purification filter of this type at home, you need to prepare the following materials and tools:

A plastic pipe made of environmentally friendly material or a metal pipe that does not rust. Its length is determined depending on the depth of the well, but should not be more than 5 meters, and its diameter should be less than the diameter of the well.
Fine mesh stainless or brass mesh.
Drill with drill bit.
Plug in the form of a wooden plug.

The step-by-step production of such a cleaning system looks like this:

First measure the length of the sump. Depending on the depth of the well, it can be from 1 to 1.5 meters.
Next, you need to drill holes at an angle of 35-60 degrees, directing them from bottom to top. They should be arranged in a checkerboard pattern, and the distance between the holes should not exceed 2 cm.
Now you need to start cleaning the pipe from chips and wrap the perforated area with mesh. We secure it with rivets.
We close the pipe from the side of the sump with a plug.

Important! The water that will pass through the holes and mesh will get rid of clay, silt and sand. And larger particles that accidentally fall into the pipe will settle in the sump. Such a filter will make the water in your garden and private home clear and clean, but harmful substances will still remain in it. That is why it is recommended to boil it or pass it through a charcoal filter.

Video material

Now you know how to make a filter for water purification yourself, both for a city apartment and for the private sector. The options for making purification devices described in this article will allow you to enjoy drinking crystal clear water without harmful impurities and debris.

Problems with tap water continue to plague consumers. In fact, it is impossible to use the liquid either for cooking or drinking due to lack of safety and other external signs. Untreated water can be harmful even if it comes from an independent source, and is characterized by an unpleasant odor, lack of clarity and an incorrect taste. If possible, such conditions should be eliminated, which will help you make a water filter with your own hands, but for this you will need a drawing.

Household means of purifying tap liquid or well water do not always satisfy the owner’s conditions. This mainly happens due to insufficient volume and frequent replacement of filter modules at home. Such an acquisition is very expensive, so every owner is interested in the question of how to make a water filter with your own hands without any special financial losses, without disrupting the operation of a well or well. We remind you that the work will look correct and durable if the diagram or manufacturing drawing is chosen correctly.

Step-by-step instructions for making a simple but productive filter

Important! In any case, water from a well requires purification, only then will it be drinkable. And, if you do not have a filter installed, you need to take care of other types of purifiers at home. The homemade water filter deserves special attention. An installation diagram or drawing will show how to do it.

The entire manufacturing process begins with preparing a plastic bottle of the required volume. It is advisable to use options from 5.0 liters or more. You will also need charcoal material and gauze. Also prepare a small part of river sand and the same amount of fine gravel. Find some canvas fabric, it won't be superfluous. The drawing will tell you how to start installing a filter at home.

In the selected bottle, we cut out the bottom and lay several layers of thick fabric through it for cleaning right next to the neck. We do this exactly as the diagram shows.
Next, grind the carbon composition and pour it onto the already laid fabric.
Several layers of gauze are placed on top of each other. Several pieces of silver are placed on top of the gauze. (an old unnecessary chain or a silver coin will do). Silver is known to help kill bacteria. See the drawing for how and what to place.

Afterwards, a layer of purified river sand is poured (make sure that there is no debris or organic matter in it). Gravel is laid on top and evenly distributed over the entire surface of the previous material for productive cleaning.

You can study the correct installation in our video.

Attention! The thickness of each layer of backfill should vary from 5 to 7 cm. Try to compact the materials, so carry out several careful but heavy blows directly into the structure. Please note: the diagram and drawing must contain all the conditions for the work.

Next we prepare from the well. An ordinary bucket with a plastic lid with a hole in it with a diameter similar to the lid of a plastic bottle (filter) can serve as a reservoir. We place our own charcoal purifier into this hole and pour water into it - wait until it is all filtered.

At home they can come in different variations, but the principle of the product is the same, as the diagram below shows. The difference may appear in its constituent elements and filtration speed.

On a note! Try to design the carbon filter in such a way that the water pressure from it is not too strong. After all, for cleaning to occur, water needs to pass slowly through each layer of the filter. You can make charcoal yourself; to do this, you need to heat firewood in a cast-iron pan over a fire until you acquire black crumbly material.

Important details to consider

The scheme for cultivating a homemade filter for water from a well may have fundamental differences, which depend directly on the location of its installation and the level of water contamination. We recommend that you study a few details before you set up a homemade water purification installation at home. So, you need to pay attention to:

You can also make a carbon filter yourself for cleaning using the same principle, if you have a diagram at hand. To do this, purchase the required number of activated carbon tablets and fill a plastic container with them, then run water through them. At this stage, water from a well, water supply or well will not contain hazardous chemical elements.

Therefore, it is not necessary to purchase a carbon filter from reputable manufacturers, because for household use, a small container is often enough to consume the purified product as food.