Farm owners and summer residents who have fields larger than 10 acres need the help of agricultural machinery. Of course, not everyone can afford to buy a factory mini tractor.
However, in villages you can often find old Zhigulis that have already outlived their usefulness, but still have hope for a second life.
It is on the basis of this car that you can design a wonderful mini tractor, which in its characteristics will not be inferior to purchased copies.
A DIY Zhiguli mini tractor is an excellent option for those who do not want to spend money on expensive equipment. Moreover, the engine can be taken from different car models - VAZ 2101, VAZ 2106, VAZ 2109, and many others.
Where to begin?
As a rule, the construction of any homemade product begins with the creation of a drawing. The diagram will help you accurately calculate all dimensions, mark connection points, outline the shape and number of parts. Without a drawing, by eye, you are unlikely to be able to do everything correctly and efficiently the first time. Therefore, do not neglect this stage.
When working on a drawing of a mini tractor from Zhiguli, consider the following points:
- the front suspension should be made stronger;
- the engine must be placed under the driver's seat;
- be sure to indicate changes in the chassis;
- the motor in a Zhiguli mini tractor must be covered with a casing;
- mark the location where the fuel tank will be located;
- if you create a shortened frame, the tractor will be compact and economical in fuel consumption;
- if you decide to reduce the frame, then keep in mind that the bridge will also be shifted.
Work process
If you decide to make a mini tractor from a Zhiguli, then in the end you will get a fairly powerful machine with excellent characteristics. Such a unit will become a real assistant in performing any work on cultivating the land and caring for plants.
So, a mini tractor can be made with an engine from a VAZ 2106 or with an internal combustion engine VAZ 2101, but you will also need the following parts, which can definitely be borrowed from other cars:
- The gearbox can be taken from the GAZ-53;
- The rear wheels will fit from the MTZ-82, and the front wheels can be wheels from an old motor-cultivator or walk-behind tractor;
- From the same VAZ 2106 you can take the steering and driver's seat;
- The front and rear axles are taken from the Zhiguli. However, it is important to adjust their dimensions to the dimensions of the future homemade product.
Stages of creating a mini tractor from a VAZ:
- A kinetic scheme is created. An important step that should not be skipped;
- Making the frame. After adjusting its dimensions, it is necessary to carefully process the welding seams. If you don’t have a ready-made frame, you can easily make one from channels and corners. It is important to inspect the metal for rust after making it. You will also need to prime the frame in several layers;
- Let's begin work on manufacturing the chassis. You need to very carefully inspect all components, and also carefully check the brake system;
- If you are replacing wheels with bulkier ones, you will need to select suitable axles and brakes;
- The engine is mounted;
- A protective casing for the engine is created;
- The driver's seat is attached;
- Steering is installed;
- Attachment points are created for future installation of attachments.
Important points
If you decide to make a homemade mini tractor from a Zhiguli, you should know some important points. This technique will be a great help, and you won’t have to spend a lot on its production. But you should consider some legal important points:
- If you buy an old Lada for homemade purposes, then a re-registration procedure must be carried out;
- After this procedure, you must notify the traffic police about the planned work. An act of surrender of the rooms will be drawn up there;
- After you create a mini tractor from a Zhiguli, you need to register it and get new license plates. But most often, farmers use such transport exclusively within their own area or between fields, so such registration can be avoided.
As you can see, making a mini tractor from a Zhiguli is quite simple. It is only important to think through every moment, prepare all the necessary parts and tools. Many owners of such homemade products note the excellent performance of the machine and its capabilities in working in the fields. But the important thing is that you assembled it yourself, and therefore, if a breakdown occurs, you can easily find and fix it.
Source: http://pro-traktor.ru/minitraktory/samodelki-iz-minitraktorov/iz-zhigulej.html
How to make a tractor with your own hands (homemade)?
The advantages of homemade tractors are obvious. Each person can make them independently, the cost of parts for such devices is lower than for factory ones, they do an excellent job of cultivating small areas of land. In addition, many parts for a homemade tractor can be found on your farm.
Let's take a closer look at the question of how to make a tractor with your own hands.
Preparation of drawings
Despite the fact that any tractor, be it a standard size or a motorized tractor, consists of at least hundreds, or even thousands of parts, anyone who can master the diagram depicted in the form of a simple drawing can assemble it independently. Thanks to the schematic drawing, assembling a tractor with your own hands is similar to a standard construction kit, where element A is connected to element B, then part AB to element C, and so on along the chain.
Drawing of a homemade mini tractor with a breaking frame
Although, it is worth noting that in our country there are probably enough self-taught craftsmen who can “keep a drawing in their head,” that is, perform the same sequential actions as with a drawing, only follow imaginary instructions. However, this does not apply to everyone. Anyone who does not have such experience is unlikely to be able to assemble any structure without turning to a pre-drawn diagram for help.
In case you had a “bad relationship” with drawing at school and you are not able to organize a drawing of a diagram of a full-fledged homemade tractor, ask acquaintances, friends or relatives who understand this matter better than you about it. As a last resort, Google search will help you find any information.
Before you start drawing the diagram yourself, decide what kind of tractor you want to make, on what basis it will be made. So, for example, homemade tractors can be:
They are manufactured on the basis of:
- walk-behind tractors. The tractor from Niva is very popular in Russia (one of the most famous walk-behind tractors in the Russian Federation);
- automobile engines. Moreover, engines of both passenger cars and trucks and cargo-passenger vehicles can be used. By the way, the GAZ-66 engine is very suitable for making a homemade tractor with your own hands, which will have high power. You can often find a tractor from an UAZ;
- UD-2 is a universal engine used as an additional motor in installations that are equipped with an electric generator, as well as as an engine in a homemade tractor;
- The homemade 4×4 tractor is popular among people. A homemade 4x4 tractor is also called a fracture.
Having decided on the above question, you can safely proceed to the drawings. In this case, after creating the diagram, be sure to make a list of available parts and assemblies, and a list of those elements that need to be purchased, after which, buy the missing spare parts. Only after the entire list of parts is in your garage can you begin assembling the structure.
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Design features
How to assemble a tractor with your own hands? There is no big difficulty in this. If you have correctly drawn the diagram and prepared all the necessary parts, making a tractor with your own hands proceeds to the practical part. The difference in modifications and options depends on the tools and skills you have. Below we describe the most optimal design:
- Frame. Its main elements are the side members (left, right) and the traverse (rear, front). The front steps are made from channels No. 10, the last one is made from a square steel pipe with sides 8x8 cm. The rear crossbar is made from channel No. 16, and the front one from channel size 12. The same profile is used for the cross member.
Preparing a frame for a homemade mini tractor
- Engine. It is worth choosing a power plant that is suitable in terms of torque and power. You can't go wrong if you take a 4-cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine.
- The gearbox and PTO transfer case are, as a rule, taken from the GAZ-53, and the clutch, or rather its mechanism, is from the GAZ-52. In order for the clutch basket to properly dock with the engine, you need to weld a new casing and remake the flywheel. The latter is processed on a lathe, the back plane is cut off, and an additional hole is machined in the center.
- The bridge is usually integrated without any special changes. Fastening to the frame is carried out thanks to 4 stepladders. Variations of the composite driveshaft from any car are allowed.
- Steering. Hydraulics will require an oil pump to provide pressure. It is placed near the drive shaft. It is better if each wheel of the drive shaft is controlled by a gearbox. Distributor for 4 slaves positions of the standard type will set the direction of rotation (these are mounted on the MTZ-80).
- Installing the wheel part on the hubs is not difficult. The central part with mounting holes is cut out of the disk, and the center of the ZIL-130 disk is welded in its place. The front axle is made independently, because he is not a leader and does not require special knowledge. Many people rearrange a finished bridge from other vehicles.
If you have chosen to make a caterpillar tractor with your own hands, because during operation it does not damage the top fertile layer of soil, to simplify it, buy a new module equipped with wheels and a seat.
Alternatively, all the elements can be assembled yourself at home. However, such a design will lack a drive. The assembled, crawler tractor is controlled with your own hands by turning the transmission-motor unit.
The walk-behind tractor should be supplemented with a hinged module with a seat; for earthworks, it is also necessary to take care of the hitch. To implement this option, assemble a frame using a wheelset and rolled metal. Then install two trailer units and a seat on it. Do not equip wheels with shock absorbers, this will negatively affect the speed of the device.
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There is no single recommendation on what to take as a basis for the future unit and how to make a homemade tractor, which is influenced by the presence of this or that equipment on your farm from which the homemade product will be constructed. Therefore, it is advisable to consider various options. If you don’t have a walk-behind tractor made on the basis of a Zhiguli, the tractor will become a much better assistant.
Homemade tractor with a Zhiguli engine
Tractor based on Zhiguli
To build a Zhiguli tractor with your own hands, first of all develop a kinetic diagram that takes into account the balance of the structure.
The device will include: engine, rear and front axles, reverse gear, cardan transmission. The engine will drive the front wheels.
Through the chain, torque will be transmitted sequentially to the gearbox, cardan drive, etc. The driven rear wheels will rotate as a result.
The frame is made of pipes and angles. Make sure the fork and bushing are positioned correctly to allow the trailer to turn. The body is made from sheet metal. The height of the sides should not exceed 30 cm.
Many craftsmen prefer to equip a homemade tractor with a Chinese engine. Lifan, Forza, Zonshen are taken as a basis. However, experienced designers recommend installing a reliable UD-2 or D-21 motor.
In the first case, the engine develops power up to 8 hp, in the second – up to 25 hp. Coupled with a 4-stroke system and air cooling, such equipment is not only successfully used for agricultural activities, but also for transporting goods.
Let's consider the option with the D-21 diesel engine.
To create the frame, take a pipe from a haystack. Pre-cut the half-frame borrowed from the T-25, weld a pipe to its front part, and a 3.5x50x50 cm metal sheet to the back.
A hydraulic tank and a hitch with a hydraulic cylinder, which is also taken from the T-25, are attached to the sheet using bolts. It is better to purchase a factory-made front axle, otherwise problems with the axle shafts may occur.
Take wheels from GAZ-52, tires from Belarus 82 (8.3×20), which are manufactured by the Minsk Tractor Plant.
Homemade tractor with diesel engine
The front wheels on a homemade tractor with a D-21 engine are from the T-25 (6.00-16). The hood and beam are original, but the fuel tank needs some work. To do this, weld a 40-liter container from 3 mm sheet.
Place the finished product on the back of the tractor under the seat. Carve an adapter plate for the GAZ-52 gearbox. The clutch used is a basket, a fork and a release bearing from the Yenisei combine. First remove half of the springs.
The disc included in the clutch is suitable for any (from both GAZ and UAZ).
Make a 3 mm seat for the flywheel basket. The gearbox input shaft must be lengthened by 12.5 cm, and the cardan drive from the GAZ-52 must be shortened. The connection must be removable. Get the steering column from GAZ-52.
Hydraulics for a homemade tractor are assembled from an R-80 hydraulic distributor with a floating effect and an NSh-10 pump. It is placed through a fork connection at the front of the engine.
First replace the standard bolt responsible for securing the motor pulley.
You should not install the pump on the gearbox through the power take-off, because when the clutch is released, the hydraulic system will turn off and the rotation speed will be unsatisfactory.
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Tractor based on Oka
They make a tractor from Oka with their own hands according to the same principle as from other Soviet cars. It all starts with the construction of the frame. Stock up on sheet iron and metal channel beams.
Tractor with a breaking frame based on Oka
The design is a standard rectangular shape welded from metal corners. The front and rear axles are assembled from Oka components. The device is equipped with an Oka engine. However, before installing the engine, the wheel clearance is increased to improve cross-country ability.
The rear and front side members are strengthened as they bear the brunt of the load. A coupling mechanism should be provided for mounting attachments.
Drawings for further assembly can be found on the Internet.
If you don’t have the specified car, you don’t have to buy a new vehicle; the unit is also suitable in a non-working state, since its individual elements are used.
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It's no secret that agricultural work takes a lot of effort and time. Some save themselves from such loads by buying walk-behind tractors, cultivators or mini tractors. But, unfortunately, many do not have the opportunity to purchase such equipment, so they are looking for ways to make it themselves. Today there are plenty of options for its manufacture; the main thing is to have at least minimal technical skills and abilities. Now we will talk about one of these methods, namely, we will tell you how to make a mini tractor from a Lada with your own hands.
Principles and all the nuances of homemade products
Making a mini tractor from a VAZ is not that difficult. The main thing is to understand what you are doing and strictly adhere to all diagrams and drawings. Now we will tell you in more detail about all stages of the work.
Mini tractor drawing
As mentioned above, the drawing and diagram of the future unit is of great importance during manufacturing. After all, if you lose sight or memory of something, it will be very difficult to restore the entire structure. Be sure to consider the following nuances when starting to draw and calculate diagrams:
- the engine should be located in front of the driver's seat;
- the motor must be covered with a manufactured casing;
- a shortened frame will make the equipment compact and economical in fuel consumption;
- if you reduce the frame, do not forget about the displacement of the bridge;
- decide on the location of the fuel tank;
- remember that the front suspension needs to be strengthened;
- be sure to indicate changes to the chassis.
The project implementation consists of the following stages:
- Work on the kinetic scheme.
- We make the frame.
- We make the body.
- Installation of the engine and other systems.
- We fasten the steering.
Now let’s look at what specific parts will be needed for the job using the example of a VAZ engine model.
With an engine from VAZ 2106
A mini tractor from Zhiguli 2106 will please its owner with good endurance and will become an indispensable assistant for performing various types of agricultural work. To make such a unit you will need not only an engine from this brand of car, but also parts from other faulty cars, namely:
- you can borrow a gearbox from a GAZ-53;
- We take the front and rear axles from the Zhiguli, only in this case it will be necessary to adjust everything to the dimensions of the homemade product;
- the steering and driver's seat can be borrowed from a VAZ 2106;
- the rear wheels will be given to us by MTZ-82, and the front wheels can be used from a motor-cultivator or walk-behind tractor.
Stages of work
- We carry out a thorough inspection of the frame. If there is rust, remove it with sandpaper and apply a primer in 2 layers.
- According to the diagram, we shorten the frame, having first cleaned the place where it was cut. After welding, all seams are cleaned and degreased, primed and treated with an anti-corrosion coating. If there is no ready-made frame, it can be made using channels and corners.
- We are working on the chassis. First of all, we check all the components and carefully inspect the brake system.
- When replacing car wheels with more bulky ones, you will need to install appropriate brakes and axles.
- We install the engine.
- We weld the protective casing.
- We install the seat and steering.
- We attach attachment points for future use of attachments.
This step-by-step approach is suitable for creating a mini tractor from a VAZ of any brand: VAZ 2101, VAZ 2109, VAZ 2106, with an internal combustion engine VAZ 2101. So draw a diagram of the mini tractor of your dreams and get to work.
A Zhiguli tractor, assembled with your own hands, can save the situation when a special machine is required to work in the field. This is felt especially strongly by farms (both small and large) and summer residents who have a plot of more than 10 acres. It is worth noting that in villages there are often old cars that have outlived their useful life. However, they can be brought back to life in a new role.
A homemade Zhiguli tractor allows you to solve absolutely all problems in the field and does not require special spare parts and components - standard AvtoVAZ spare parts can be found in any corner of the former CIS. The only drawback that a homemade Zhiguli tractor will have is that the fuel is relatively expensive gasoline (almost all industrially produced tractors run on diesel fuel), which makes such homemade products more expensive to operate, but this drawback is covered by cheaper spare parts Lada, and most importantly - low cost of production.
The VAZ-2121 Niva is best suited for making a tractor; you can make a good mini tractor from a UAZ. In the latter case, it is possible to use a diesel engine, which makes its operation more economical (that is, the disadvantage of such a modification is actually eliminated). However, in the absence of a Niva or UAZ, you can use engines from other models: VAZ-2101, VAZ-2103, VAZ-2104-2105, VAZ-2106, etc. You can purchase engines from the latest Zhiguli models on the auto parts market - they are more economical than their predecessors, which will significantly save energy resources during operation.
Some aspects of the rework
When the need for a tractor arises, you can always realize the idea of your own version of this machine from scrap materials. At the same time, the cost of rework will be significantly lower than the cost of the finished product. Thus, a mini tractor from Niva will be the optimal assistant in the garden, since the car has a 4x4 drive formula. However, there are some legal points to keep in mind:
- If an old car is purchased, re-registration should be carried out in accordance with current laws. The same applies when transferring a car under a gift agreement.
- After re-registration, it is necessary to notify traffic police officers about the planned alterations. At the same time, they are required to provide a mechanism for returning license plates from an old vehicle (car).
- Upon completion of the manufacture of the mini tractor, it is necessary to register the new vehicle (tractor) and obtain a license plate. Moreover, if this vehicle will be used only in rural areas, then a simplified procedure for registering this vehicle can be carried out.
However, people do not follow these instructions and actively use their modifications for their intended purpose. To be fair, it should also be noted that law enforcement officers often turn a blind eye to these offenses, since they are insignificant (especially if the tractor does not leave the village territory and does not become involved in a traffic accident).
But in order to avoid and significantly reduce the likelihood of problems with law enforcement officers, it is recommended to undergo the re-registration procedure. If a homemade tractor with a VAZ engine is used only on one plot of land, it is recommended to first write off the car’s engine number and body number - this will simplify the engine identification procedure in the future (if problems arise with traffic police officers).
What is a mini tractor
A mini-tractor is understood as a multifunctional universal machine that can perform a fairly large number of tasks on small plots of land such as cultivating an agricultural plot, sowing, harvesting and some utility work. Among the work performed can be noted: arable work on light soils, cultivation with harrowing, inter-row cultivation of crops, spreading fertilizer on the site, haymaking and grass cutting, clearing the territory of snow, debris, rubble, using a mini tractor as a bulldozer when filling holes and leveling surfaces .
Another task of a mini tractor is to transport various loads. When installing additional equipment (modules) on the tractor, it can solve a number of other tasks: woodworking, drilling, hole digging, etc.
The layout of the mini tractor is almost the same as that of its larger brother, but the main difference is the internal combustion engine of lower power. Typically, mini tractors use internal combustion engines with a capacity of 8 to 50 hp. With. However, a mini tractor with a VAZ engine (from a car, for example, VAZ-2106) will be more powerful, although it is made in small dimensions. According to the classification of the state traffic inspectorate, tractors that have an engine power of more than 50 hp. pp., are subject to registration.
The minitractor itself will not perform the above tasks; for this it is necessary to install additional devices and units: mowers, plows, graders, etc. Some people also make them themselves, but there are also industrial samples of such units.
If you have an engine and a frame with a chassis from a car, you can make a mini tractor with your own hands quickly and cheaply. However, if you don’t have an old car, then it makes sense to purchase an industrial mini-tractor; their cost is low, about 2-5 thousand dollars. An old car will cost almost the same.
However, if you decide to convert an old car into a tractor, you should use the tips given below.
Self-production of a tractor from SUVs (Niva, UAZ)
The first thing you should do after receiving a used car for conversion is to remove the engine from it, rebuild it and carry out other preventive maintenance. This will significantly increase the service life of this engine. The same should be done for other components of the car (transmission, chassis, etc.).
It is important to have detailed diagrams of the future mini tractor, because some elements may then be difficult to find from memory.
When drawing up a diagram, you should remember that the engine should be located in front of the driver’s “seat” (similar to the tractor arrangement). However, to avoid additional costs and significant rework, it can be left in its original place. You should think about how to cover it: make a casing or use a ready-made one from an old tractor, having previously “optimized” it for your model.
To reduce fuel consumption and make the tractor more compact, it may be necessary to shorten the frame. At the same time, it is important to remember that it is necessary to scald it according to the future dimensions. It should also be remembered that if the frame is reduced, it may be necessary to move the bridge. All these structural alterations must be taken into account when drawing up drawings.
Next, you should determine the location of the fuel tanks. Typically the fuel tank is located behind the driver's seat to ensure quick access. It should be remembered that the front suspension needs strengthening. Changes that will affect the chassis should also be made to the drawings. It is optimal to replace the car wheels with wheels of larger diameter to ensure better maneuverability of the tractor. However, such a replacement will cause a sharp increase in power consumption for rotating the wheels and moving the tractor.
When the drawings are ready, you should begin implementing the mini tractor project.
Execution of work
First you should do a thorough check of the frame. All rusty parts must be sanded down to bare metal (remove rust), then primed in 2 layers. If necessary, the frame is boiled.
Further, if you need to shorten the frame, you must first remove the coating from it at the cutting site, apply markings and divide it using a grinder or a gas cutter. After that, new stiffeners are welded at the cutting site (usually the trimmed frame is cut into metal, which can be used in the future). If necessary, the bridge is also moved.
It should be remembered that welds must be cleaned, welded areas must be degreased, then primed in 2 layers or a special anti-corrosion coating applied.
This will significantly increase the service life of the product by providing additional protection for the metal. If you don’t have a ready-made car frame, you can weld it yourself, using channels and angles for this purpose.
You should make a tractor with your own hands carefully and carefully, since any vehicle is a source of increased danger, and a mistake in its manufacture can be fatal for the driver or a random person.
The next stage of manufacturing is installation of the chassis. Since the described version uses a frame from a car, it is more logical to take the chassis from the selected car. It is important to check all components and its functioning. Particular attention should be paid to the braking system, because the safe operation of the vehicle depends on it.
It should be remembered that when replacing car wheels with wheels of larger diameter (for a tractor or mini tractor), the brakes from the old chassis system will not be suitable. It will be necessary to purchase new hubs of the selected diameter (the diameter of the hub depends on the diameter of the wheel). It may be necessary to replace the axles if the hubs and wheels are significantly heavier than the previous ones, but this is required extremely rarely, since the wheels for a mini tractor are not significantly heavier than the wheels of SUVs, and in addition, domestic designers have built a large margin of safety into their cars.
In order for a mini tractor, assembled on its own, to perform the functions assigned to it, an already rebuilt engine is installed on it. It makes more sense to install it in the same place where it stood. At the same time, it is important to weld a protective casing for it, because a standard car body will not be able to provide it with proper ventilation - the engine will work with increased load, and it needs additional cooling. To do this, in addition to installing the radiator, you should open the engine from the sides - this will be quite enough to ensure cooling. The mini tractor with the engine is almost ready, all that remains is to install the driver’s seat, controls and determine the mounting points for additional units.
Next, you should place the controls in a convenient place. Their installation location is determined at the design stage according to personal desire. The driver's seat is also installed there. To do this, you can use both car seats and homemade ones. After which the place is closed with a makeshift cabin. To make it, you can use metal left over from the car body.
The last stage is the installation of mounting points for additional equipment. They are usually installed at the front and rear of the tractor.
Conclusion
Mini tractors are made from other VAZ models in a similar way, the only difference is the need to strengthen the frame.
It should be remembered that before making a mini tractor, you must first coordinate the modification with law enforcement agencies - this will avoid problems in the future.