How to make a table fan. How to make a fan with your own hands: the best homemade options

Sitting at the computer in summer time many people begin to suffocate from the heat; it’s good if there is air conditioning, but it’s not always convenient to turn it on. In this article we will tell you how to do USB fan with your own hands, from a motor, a cooler and a small engine. We will show you the manufacturing process and step-by-step instructions, and highlight the two simplest and most effective methods.

Making a fan using a computer cooler

To make a fan at home and not have to strain at all, we found this method on the Internet. The entire manufacturing process will take no more than 20 minutes, you can use old coolers or just buy a new one in the store, the price for them is now a pittance.

First we begin to prepare the cooler, it has two wires: red and black. We remove 10 mm of insulation from each wire; there is even an insulation stripper. The size of the cooler does not play a special role; of course, it is better if it is big size, the wind flow will eventually be stronger.

We begin preparing the USB wire; to do this, cut off one half at the main cut and remove all the insulation. We will get four wires: two black and two red, we also strip them. If there are other green or green wires on the cooler white we cut them off, they just get in the way. Learn how to make a thermoelectric generator with your own hands.

In the end result, you need to connect the wires to each other, there may be several ways, the main thing to remember is color coding. Don’t forget to isolate everything from each other, the more isolation, the better. For convenience, the finished cooler can be installed in a regular shoe box, so it will be more stable.

This is how the guys in the video suggest we make a fan from a cooler. The method is actually simple, we don’t promise strong airflow, but working at the computer will be much more pleasant.

How to make a USB fan with your own hands using a motor

So, to make a fan from a disk motor and a usb, we will need more time, but this type of fan will look better. Anyone can make such a device, the main thing is to show a little desire and patience.

First of all we need to make the blades for our fan, we recommend using a regular CD drive, it looks great and is quite easy to make. Also read an interesting article where we make a laser level.

Here are the guys with the video showing a really cool method. In a similar way, you can make a fan out of paper, but remember, the paper must be thick; it is optimal to use cardboard.

You are sitting at the computer, it’s summer outside, there is no air conditioning. My hand is already tired of endlessly fanning myself with newspaper, and sweat from my forehead is dripping onto the keyboard. Common situation? If not extra money, a homemade fan will help. To make it, you don't need to run to the store for parts. Everything you need for a leaf blower is in the house. Don't know how to make a free fan at home? Follow the text!

What does an air cooler consist of:

• engine
• fan blades
• stand
• power supply

The last point can be omitted if you make a USB fan with your own hands. The computer has a voltage of 5 volts. You will need a printer cable, an old mouse, or any unnecessary device with a USB cable.

If you are a fan of DIY projects, you probably have some useful junk in your house. Otherwise, you have no need to know how to make a fan yourself.

Can't find an electric motor in a box of unwanted parts? You can make a fan from a motor from an old disk drive or a broken toy. Let's look at a few examples of how to make a mini fan from scrap materials.

Glue, cardboard, toy motor

To make a small propeller you will need a piece of corrugated cardboard 30x30 cm.

We glue the support in 2-3 layers, the area is at least two palms. We make a rack for the engine in the form of a prism 10–15 cm high. For cutting we will use stationery knife. We bend the structure along a ruler.

How to make a mini fan durable and stable? Let's take advantage glue gun. No other glue will allow the connection to be made as reliably.

We connect with hot glue, and as thickly as possible: the structure should turn out to be monolithic. The blades can be made from thinner cardboard. The packaging for a mobile phone accessory is suitable.

This is the most critical element: the blades must be absolutely identical in shape and weight. Otherwise, your propeller will vibrate during operation and will quickly fall apart.

We glue the blades (carefully) onto a cardboard sleeve, observing aerodynamics. The planes should be rotated 30–45 degrees in opposite directions. To simplify the design, we assemble a USB fan with two blades with our own hands. They are easier to balance, and such a propeller can cope with cooling no worse than a three-bladed one.

Test run and balancing

We make a hole in the very center of the bushing (using an awl), place it on the motor axis, and carry out a test run. Of course, before assembly it is necessary to coordinate the angle of attack of the blades with the direction of rotation of the motor. Otherwise the fan will blow reverse side. If there is vibration, the propeller can be easily balanced by simply lifting the blades. After making sure that the propeller rotates smoothly and blows where required, we glue the motor onto the stand. Don't spare glue!

We connect the USB cable to the power wires of the engine. Of course, it is better to do this with a soldering iron, but given the meager power, you can get by with simple twisting. The main thing is not to forget to insulate the connection using electrical tape or tape.

How to determine the power pins of a USB cable

Any USB connector consists of 4 pins. We are not interested in averages, these are information wires. The 5 volt power supply is on the outermost contacts. Wiring in the illustration:

If you reverse the polarity, nothing bad will happen. The motor will just spin in the wrong direction. How to determine the motor supply voltage? There is no need to look for markings. If the toy (where it was installed) is powered by three batteries (1.5 volts each), then the motor is 5 volts. If it runs on two batteries, it will not be suitable for USB power.

CD

Don't know how to make an efficient CD fan? It's easier than it seems. We divide the disk into 8 sectors. An even number of blades is easier to balance if axial runout occurs.

We cut out the blades with ordinary scissors. You can do this work with a construction knife, or melt the sectors with a soldering iron - there is not much difference. If you accidentally break a CD, get a new one.

The extra segments are broken out, the rest are given the aerodynamic shape of a propeller. To do this, just heat the workpiece over a candle or using construction hair dryer. If you make a mistake with the geometry, you can always correct the situation by reheating. This is the advantage of crafts made from a CD.

In the center of the structure we glue a thickening: any piece of plastic 5–10 mm. We drill a hole in it for mounting on the electric motor shaft.

Where to get an electric motor

This design uses a drive from a floppy drive. Power supply is 5 volts, speed is moderate. Most likely, you do not have a separate disk drive collecting dust on a shelf; it can be found in the system unit. Nobody uses floppy disks anyway, you can safely disassemble it for spare parts.

The convenient flat motor housing allows you to assemble the fan on a flexible leg. To do this, twist a piece of single-core copper wire into a pigtail and attach it to the power cable using electrical tape.

The motor with the propeller is glued to the flexible stand either with hot glue or wrapped with the same electrical tape. Unless you're entering a fan design competition, you don't have to worry about aesthetics.

After spending 2–3 hours, you get a convenient, portable “device” that can be installed anywhere without leaving your computer.

Aesthetics from a plastic bottle

If you want not only fresh air, but also a product that pleases the eye, we use other materials. The basic components remain the same: a motor from a children's toy and an old USB cord. By the way, you can connect such a fan to a 220 volt outlet using a smartphone charger (with the same USB port).

The highlight of the design is the body. The propeller is made from a plastic bottle. The twisted plug will serve as an axial bushing. The stand can be made from a bunch of cocktail straws.

We assemble the elegant base from a second PET bottle and a CD glued to the bottom. If you have free components, you can install a connector and a switch.

Despite the “lightness” of the design, the fan turned out to be quite stable. If necessary, you can put some weight in the body.

Use of factory parts

Let's return to the presence of conditionally unnecessary computer components in the home workshop. For example, a cooler from a power supply or system unit.

The electrical part of the work is reduced to a minimum. If the power is 5 volts, we work according to the scheme: USB cable. To supply 12 volts you will have to look for a power supply or a phone charger. In addition, there are “turbines” that are connected to a 220 volt network.

Actually, to make a fan from a computer cooler, you just need to fix it on some kind of stand. And if you use batteries instead of a USB cord, the flow of fresh air can be organized anywhere.

Video on the topic

Throughout the long winter, we look forward to pleasant summer days, and with the onset of hot weather, for some reason we begin to dream of coolness. How delightfully a light breeze created by a small homemade fan will help restore strength and relieve fatigue. Plus its production is incredible. interesting activity, right?

We invite you to familiarize yourself with step by step instructions on assembling protozoa efficient devices from literally waste raw materials. The article presented to your attention describes in detail how to make a fan with your own hands and what a home craftsman will need for this.

At your disposal detailed description manufacturing options whose effects have been tested in practice. You can make such devices yourself without having any experience at all. For a complete understanding of the information, attached step by step photos and video instructions.

The simplest fan can be made from CD discs. It can be used, for example, to locally influence a user who for a long time spends time at the computer.

Let's prepare starting materials to do the job:

• CD discs – 2 pcs.;
• low-power motor;
• wine bottle cork;
• cable with USB plug;
• a tube or rectangle made of thick cardboard;
• soldering iron;
• candle or lighter, hot glue;
• pencil, ruler, squared paper.

For our purposes, you can use a motor from old toy, for example, from a typewriter. A toilet paper roll slightly decorated with decorative finishing paper can be used as a cardboard tube.

The main advantage of this model is that almost any do-it-yourselfer will have all the materials needed for its manufacture.

The assembly process of the mini fan is quite simple.

Let's take one of the CDs and use a marker to divide its surface into eight identical sections. The easiest way to do this is to use a sheet of checkered paper.

Draw a cross on it from a horizontal and vertical line. We divide each of the four resulting right angles in half. Using cells, this is not difficult to do.

Using a very simple method using a checkered piece of paper, we can achieve the ideal layout of the disk into eight equal sectors

We place a disk on our drawing so that the intersecting lines are in the very center of its hole. Alternately applying a ruler to the lines diverging from the center, we make markings on the disk. This way the sections will be the same.

To divide the disk into blades, follow the marking lines with a soldering iron from the transparent part to the edge.

You can also use scissors for cutting, but there is a danger that the workpiece will crack during the process. If you don’t have a soldering iron, you need to use a knife preheated on the stove. When working with a soldering iron, deposited plastic is formed along the edges of the cut, which can be easily removed with a knife.

Cutting a disk with a soldering iron is the most effective method, in which the workpiece will not crack or deform, and the remnants of the deposited plastic can be easily removed with a knife

We heat the surface of the disk over the flame of a burning candle so that the blades can be slightly expanded. If you don't have a candle, a lighter or a soldering iron will do.

The central part of the disk should be heated, and all blades should be turned in the same direction. Place in the disc hole wine cork. To fix it better, you need to pre-treat the edges of the hole with hot glue.

The USB cable must be connected to the motor. If we don’t guess the direction of rotation of the propeller, we can swap the reins, that is, change the polarity.

The motor needs to be glued to a cardboard tube, and the tube itself to a second CD, which will act as the base of the stand.

When the plug is installed in the hole, the stand from the second CD and cardboard tube, as well as the connecting device are already assembled, it is very important to correctly fit the propeller onto the motor shaft

Now the propeller needs to be “planted” on the rod of the future fan. We will try to make sure that it is installed strictly in the center. You can secure it in this position using hot glue.

After all work is completed, the fan is ready for use.

Although the construction of this device will not take you much time, the result of the work performed will undoubtedly please you

How to make something similar, but a little more complex design Having included a regulator in the circuit, look at the video posted at the end of this article.

Do you find these homemade instructions complicated? Then you may be interested in information about and rules for choosing them in order to purchase a ready-made device offered by household appliance manufacturers.

Fan based on a plastic bottle

What our craftsmen don’t do from plastic bottles! The time has come to say that they also make a very good fan. It may not ventilate your entire room, but it will definitely help those who have to work at a computer.

We offer two options for creating such a fan model.

Option #1 – hard plastic model

To complete the work we will need:

• plastic bottle with a capacity of 1.5 liters;
• a motor from an old toy;
• small switch;
• Duracell battery;
• marker;
• scissors;
• candle;
• hammer and nail;
• Styrofoam;
• hot glue gun.

So, we take an ordinary 1.5 liter plastic bottle with a stopper. At the level of the label line, cut off its upper part. This is exactly what we need to make the propeller. We divide the surface of the plastic blank into six parts.

We try to mark it out so that we get equal sectors: the quality of operation of the future device depends on this.

We cut the workpiece along the markings almost to the neck. We bend the blades of the future propeller and cut off every second of them. We are left with a blank with three blades equidistant from each other. The edges of each blade must be rounded. We do this carefully.

To remove those parts of the blades that are closer to the neck of the workpiece, it is better to use a utility knife; do not forget to round the edges of the blades

Now we will need a small candle. Let's light it up. We heat each blade at the base on it to turn it in the direction we need. All blades must be turned in the same direction. Remove the lid from the workpiece and punch a hole in the very center using a nail and hammer.

We place the plug on the rod of a small motor. Such motors can remain from old children's toys. As a rule, getting them is not difficult. Secure the cork with glue.

Now you need to make a base on which the motor will rest. For this purpose, we take, for example, a piece of polystyrene foam. We attach a rectangle to it, which can also be cut out of foam packaging.

Our motor, to which the propeller is attached, will be fixed on the upper surface of this rectangle. To do this, you need to make a recess in the foam that corresponds to the parameters of the motor.

Hot melt adhesive is used to secure the elements of the product. If it is unavailable, other adhesives can be used. It is important that the fastening itself is as reliable as possible.

The question is trivial. First, we recommend determining where to install your homemade fan. Two types of engines dominate in technology: commutator (historically the first), asynchronous (invented by Nikola Tesla). The first ones make a lot of noise, switching sections causes a spark, the brushes rub, causing noise. An asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor is quieter and generates less interference. You will find the start-up protection relay in the refrigerator. By adding a couple of phrases of humorous phrases, we will return the seriousness of the site. How to make a fan with your own hands without scaring your family. Let's try to answer.

Aspects of designing a homemade fan

The design of the fan is so simple that there is no point in telling or describing the insides. What to consider when designing? Remember the growl cyclonic vacuum cleaner, volume above 70 dB. Inside is a commutator motor. Often deprived of the ability to regulate speed. Decide, is a similar sound pressure level acceptable at the installation site of a homemade fan? Having chosen the second, we will concentrate on asynchronous motors, simple models do not require a starting winding. The power is low, the secondary EMF is induced by the stator field.

The drum of an asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor is cut with copper conductors along the generatrix, at an angle to the axis. The direction of the slope determines the direction of rotation of the engine rotor. Copper conductors are not insulated from the drum material, the conductivity of the Olympic metal exceeds the surrounding material (silumin), the potential difference between adjacent conductors is small. Current flows through copper. There is no contact between the stator and rotor, the spark has nowhere to come from (the wire is covered with varnish insulation).

The noise of an asynchronous motor is determined by two factors:

1. Alignment of stator and rotor.
2. Bearing quality.

By properly setting up and servicing an asynchronous motor, you can achieve almost complete noiselessness. We recommend considering whether sound pressure level is important. The case concerns a duct fan - it is allowed to use a commutator motor, the requirements will be determined by the location of the section.

The duct fan is placed inside the air duct section and mounted, breaking the duct. The section is removed for maintenance.

Noise loses its dominant role. The sound wave, passing through the air duct, attenuates. Particularly fast is the part of the spectrum that has inconsistent dimensions relative to the width/length of the path section. Read more textbooks on acoustic lines. The brushed motor can be used in a basement, garage, or unoccupied areas. The neighbors of the cooperative will hear, but will rather be too lazy to pay attention.

What is good about a commutator engine, what are we fighting for the right to use. Three disadvantages of asynchronous:

At the initial moment asynchronous motor does not develop high torque, a number of special design measures are taken. It doesn't matter for the fan. Most household models are equipped with asynchronous motors. In production, the number of phases is increased to three.

Finding a motor for a fan

One YouTube video suggested using an engine direct current 3 volt from a hardware store. Tops a USB cord, works by rotating the laser disc blade. Useful invention? If you're tired of the extra port, this will help you survive the heat. It’s easier to take a processor cooler and power it from the system unit. The yellow wire goes to 12 volts (red to 5). The black pair is earth. You can assemble it from an old computer. Citizens of the Russian Federation are simply too lazy to invent, so we throw interesting equipment into a landfill.

Asynchronous fan motors operate without a starting capacitor... The peculiarity of fan motors is that they come directly with a winding. A couple of tips to help you get an engine:

Make a fan impeller

The question of what to make a fan from has not been resolved; the authors kept silent about the impeller. First things first, the refrigerator! The compressor is blown by an impeller. When you get the motor out, remove it. It will come in handy. Concerning washing machine, launch the drum onto an aircraft propeller. Plastic tank It's good to make a body. Heat the bend areas with a hair dryer.

Inspect the blender and equip it with an unnecessary laser disk shaped like an impeller. You can make a fan yourself using available materials. Not required high power, there is no point in trying too hard to hone in on the details. We believe that readers know how to make a fan with their own hands.

Eternal CPU cooler fan

We decided to please our readers by telling you how to make a fan. This is not the first review, I had to dig around to find something worthwhile. Looks great idea to create eternal fan, spinning forever. User mail.ru posted a design that looks attractive. Let's take a closer look, while thinking about how to make a fan that runs forever.

You know, of course, system units work quietly ( modern models). The slightest noise means: the cooler's axis is out of alignment, or it's time to lubricate the old fan. They work for hours, days add up to weeks, the system unit will last for years. It became possible thanks to well-thought-out technology. Think about it, noise depends on the magnitude of the friction force. Mechanical energy becomes thermal and acoustic due to the presence of roughness. CPU coolers rotate easily, just blow on them.

The author of the video - we apologize for the lack of a name, we justify: the video is in English - suggests assembling an eternal fan from an accessory. The fitting accuracy of the parts is high, the blade rotates easily. Costs are reduced to a minimum. The author of the video posted by the deirones channel noticed: the processor fan is powered by direct current. I climbed inside and found four coils, equally spaced around the circumference, with their axes directed towards the center of the device.

There are no commutators inside, which means a paradoxical fact: the field of the coils is constant.

If the induction motor of a typical fan is powered by 220 volts alternating voltage, which creates a rotating magnetic field, in our case the picture is constant. You could say: inside the rotor sets in motion a commutator that creates the desired distribution. This is not true, and is confirmed by the author’s further train of thought and the result of experience. A Western innovator decides to replace the coil with a permanent magnet. Indeed, there is no alternating field - why electric current?

The author demonstratively cuts off the power cord and places neodymium magnets ( hard drive) frame perimeter. Each is on the continuation of the coil axis. The work is completed, the blades begin to rotate vigorously. We believe that a principle is simply used that is hushed up in orthodox literature. Trade secret of the patent holder.

The initial movement of the blade is obtained by random air fluctuations. Reminiscent of a magnetron, the vibrations are caused by the natural chaotic movement of elementary particles. The question arose as to what determines the direction of rotation. The design is absolutely symmetrical. We decided to look into it and express our observations:

Agree, it’s more convenient than messing up USB ports and constantly wasting batteries. The eternal fan operates from an arbitrary position and is devoid of wires. We believe that the strength of the magnets plays a decisive role. The simple rule no longer works: more is better. A golden mean is emerging. When the blades spin from a random air flow, overcoming a field of neodymium pieces. Weak magnets are probably powerless to maintain stable rotation. The field strength must be exactly that created by the coils under the influence of +5 or +12 volts.

Correctly create an eternal fan

We discussed how to make a fan, we measured the direction and strength of the magnetic field of the coils. They use special devices. A magnetometer, Teslameter, is formed by a magnetic induction converter, a measuring module. When fields interact, the resulting pattern is called coupling. The converter generates EMF. The size is determined by the measured strength of the magnetic field. Like two fingers! Costs 10,000 rubles.

The magnets will be located at a considerable distance from the axis. The coils are much closer. You need to know how the picture changes with distance. According to Coulomb's law, the force decreases in inverse proportion to the square of the distance, which is true for single charges of arbitrary sign. Separate magnetic poles have not yet been found in nature (it is not possible to create them); the cube of distance is included in the law. Let's say the distance to the coil from the axis is 1 cm, the diagonal perimeter is 10. This means that neodymium should be 10 x 10 x 10 = 1000 times stronger than a small coil.

Nobody obliges to place neodymium magnets around the fan perimeter on diagonals. The poles lie crosswise. Adjust the force of influence over a wide range. By placing neodymium magnets in the center of the sides of the fan frame, we significantly increase the field strength. Let's do the calculation. Let's say the hypotenuse of a triangle with a side of 10 cm is a diagonal. The distance to the center of the square will be equal to 10 / √2 = 7 cm. You see, the ratio drops from 1000, reaching 7 x 7 x 7 = 343. We are desperate to find strong neodymium magnets to create an eternal fan.

Let's measure the strength! A compass is suitable (there are custom designs that you can assemble yourself, for example, http://polyus.clan.su/index/indikatory_magnitnogo_polja_svoimi_rukami/0-52). One coil should be connected to the power supply. Then find the position, the arrow brought up will deviate by about 45 degrees (if you don’t like it, take any other azimuth). Then start experimenting with neodymium. Place the piece on different removals, ensuring that the arrow deflection coincides with that obtained when using the processor fan coil. Surely the distance is not equal to the diagonal, half the side, the neodymium will have to be broken and cut.

By sawing one edge along the length, we carefully break the parts on a nail, obtaining the required field strength to create an eternal fan. We assume that the induction is distributed proportionally to the volume. Today we explained clearly how to make a fan with your own hands!

Power supply

Anyone who wants to make a fan with their own hands sees 3 problems: getting a motor, power supply, and making a propeller. The parts must fit together. Three problems solved, you can start making a fan with your own hands. Today there are an abundance of switching power supplies at home. Think about it, it started in the 90s. Gaming consoles, Cell phones, other equipment. Equipment breaks down, switching power supplies remain. The voltage is sometimes non-standard; most motors operate on any voltage. The revolutions will simply change according to the voltage. There's a broken one lying around at home Appliances– Make a fan yourself immediately.

Homemade fan power supplies

People are constantly trying to make a special fan with their own hands. One issue is often beyond the scope of discussion: the power source. The design of the fan itself is so obvious that there is no point in going into more detail. So, it’s clear that there are an unimaginable number of batteries today. Will they be able to work for a long time? The answer is no. As a last resort, take the “crown”, in Soviet time considered a reliable source of energy. The power supply is bad, the power will gradually drop, the speed will decrease, and it will irritate people. Stability without additional effort is important. There is no small 12 volt battery - get ready: let's start looking for how to make a power source for a homemade fan.

The first thing that comes to mind is to screw up the computer. It is known that miniature devices are powered by a USB port. Gadgets are recharging. The USB port is a source of inexhaustible energy. The voltage is low, you will need a low voltage DC motor. We believe you can find it at home or buy it at a hardware store. How much port power will be: according to old standards, 2–3 W. Another thing is to find a host device with an updated version of the interface (2014 was considered a rarity). The developers promised to deliver 50 W (it’s hard to believe even more). True, there will be more wires, the rated voltages will increase. We remind you that according to tradition, power is supplied to the red (+), black (-) wires. White, green - signal.

It's clear, high power It’s difficult to expect - even if the port supports, the motor will not pull. It is recommended to look for a higher voltage. The motor must be supplied with higher voltage. For example, it is recommended to use a processor cooler. The supply voltage is less than the required 12 volts, the rotation speed will simply decrease. Beware of exceeding it - the motor may burn out.

We are looking for energy, the question is easier to solve than for 3 volts:

12 volt power supply for a homemade do-it-yourself fan

We suggest not collecting pulse block food, do it yourself with your own hands. Let us remember that the former are distinguished by small-sized transformers. Therefore, the power supply will be relatively large in size. Will consist of the following parts:

• A step-down transformer. We will not name the number of turns in advance, the voltage is unknown, rectifying it with diodes, we get 12 volts. Of course, you can experiment, like the YouTube video about homemade radios Having captured the reader, we will look for a ready-made solution.
• The bridge is full-wave; by adding three to one diode, we increase the efficiency. Radio components are not very expensive.
• The backbone of the power supply is ready so that the homemade fan can serve for a long time, let’s straighten out the network ripples. After the bridge, we will turn on the low-pass filter and redraw the circuit from the Internet.

The output is a constant voltage with an amplitude of 12 volts. Be careful not to mix up the terminals. Where the “plus” comes out and where the “minus” comes out can be understood by studying the diagram. Below is a drawing of the bridge, look and read the explanations. In radio electronics, the direction of current is indicated opposite to the true one. Charges flow, according to popular belief, in the direction from plus to minus (towards electrons). Reading the diagram, you will see: the emitter of the diode, transistor, marked with an arrow, looks incorrectly. In the direction of movement of positive charges. Each one has marks and is indicated on the diagram by a huge triangle arrow. Consequently, we always find out “plus”, guided by the graphic symbols given in the drawing.

The figure shows: the plus will be on the right, transmitted according to the diode arrow to the lower output terminal. The minus will go up. At AC voltage(roughly speaking) plus and minus will alternate from left to right, the name of the rectifier will become clear - full-wave. Works on the positive part of the voltage and the negative. Take power, low-frequency diodes. Solid size, power dissipation is relatively high. You can calculate using a simple formula taken from training course physics. We multiply the resistance of the open p-n junction (we leaf through the reference book) by the current consumed by the motor, taking a margin of at least 2 times. The motor body contains an inscription indicating the power, which can be divided by the voltage of 12 volts, simply multiplied by 2 - 3, and taken a diode with equivalent power dissipation (see the reference book).

Now let's calculate the transformer... We went here http://radiolodka.ru/programmy/radiolyubitelskie/kalkulyatory-radiolyubitelya/, chose the Trans50 program, we will master it. Please note that there is software that allows you to calculate filter parameters. Do you regret that you decided to make a fan yourself? They offer to choose one of 5 windings. Steel is involved everywhere. You can make do, the losses will be great. The steel forms a magnetic circuit, the energy goes to the secondary winding. It's better to find an old rusty transformer. Times are bad; in the hungry 90s, landfills were littered with plates of scrapped windings. There were no problems with winding the transformers.

It's time to understand what voltage is required for the correct operation of the circuit. A term borrowed from electronics will help: effective voltage alternating current. Voltage at the active resistance creating a thermal effect equal to the constant voltage of the effective amplitude. To obtain the required voltage on the secondary winding, you need to divide 12 volts by 0.707 (one divided by the square root of 2). The authors received 17 volts. The engineering calculation has an error of 30%, let's take a small margin (part of the amplitude up to 1 volt will be lost on the diodes).

As for the secondary winding current (required for calculation), type something like “cooler power” into a search engine. Let's do it together with the readers. Smart articles write: the current consumption of the cooler is indicated on the case. Once you have the required parameter, we’ll plug it into the calculator. The author took the voltage of the secondary winding to be 19 volts. The voltage drop across p-n junctions of powerful silicon diodes is 0.5 - 0.7 volts. Therefore, an appropriate reserve is needed. Smart heads searched and concluded that the processor cooler does not consume more than 5 W, therefore, the current is 5 divided by 12 = 0.417 A. We substitute the numbers into the downloaded calculator, and for the strip core we get the transformer design parameters:

1. The cross-section of the magnetic core for winding is 25 x 32 mm.
2. Window in the magnetic circuit 25 x 40 mm.
3. The magnetic core is finished with a frame for winding wire with a thickness of 1 mm and a cross-section of 27 x 34 mm.
4. The wire is wound along the larger side of the window, leaving a margin of 1 mm from the edges, for a total of 38 mm.

The primary winding is formed by 1032 turns with a diameter of 0.43 mm. The approximate length of the wire is 142 meters, the total resistance is 17.15 Ohms. The secondary winding consists of 105 turns of a copper core with varnish insulation with a diameter of 0.6 mm (length 16.5 meters, resistance 1 Ohm). Now readers understand: the question of what to make a fan from begins to be decided by the core...

How effective are the proposed technical solutions? Fans are known Ancient Egypt. Evidenced by Michael Jackson's video recommending “Remember the time.” The plot was hardly prepared without the consultation of archaeologists and historians. We would like to report that in Mexico, most ladies use fans. The Spaniards know how to deal with the heat; the country lies on the equator. Think about it...

The fan is not a complicated device. It consists of a motor, blades, various adjustment buttons and a stand-case. There are additional elements, such as backlight, clock, but these are options that are not so important.

It is not at all necessary to buy a fan, because you can easily make one yourself. Moreover, this does not require special skills of a master.

With the proper skill, homemade model It will turn out not as a way to get rid of old things, but as an opportunity to show imagination and, possibly, hidden talents. Some craftsmen quite easily create both functional and extremely attractive options. They harmoniously complement the interior and become the center of attention no worse than any art object.

How to make a fan from a regular electric motor

Probably the easiest and fastest way to acquire a homemade fan assembled with your own hands is to find a regular motor, which is most often found in toys.

Standard electric motor from a toy

Ordering such a thing is not difficult. Moreover, today, without stopping for a minute, caravans of various trinkets from the Middle Kingdom ply. And if not, then it’s enough to buy an inexpensive one toy car and remove the motor from it.

But you definitely shouldn’t expect the impossible from such a device. Rather, it will only be able to move air slightly. But for desktop model It will do just fine. He will be able to blow air onto the face of someone sitting at the computer.

For such a fan you can use absolutely anything. The main parts will be:

• blades;
• motor;
• on/off button;
• stand;
• supply system.

Otherwise, the limit of the idea will only be within the boundaries of imagination.

After the motor is ready for use, it makes sense to take care of the power supply. These could be batteries, just like in the toy for which the motor was intended. But definitely this kind of energy will not last long. However, there is a plus - the device will remain compact and mobile.

The second option is mains power. But in this case you need not to overdo it. Direct connection via a plug is a sure way to burn out the motor. So you shouldn’t experiment, trying to spin the engine to high speeds. On toys, electric motors are usually designed for 3-4.5 Volts, and the desire to provide more rotation due to powerful energy sources, firstly, will quickly drain the source (if it is a battery), and secondly, will seriously reduce the life of the fan, even to the point of failure. The engine will start to heat up and the brushes may melt.

But modern chargers convert the voltage in the network, reducing it to the specified parameters. You can find a power supply, including on sale, that is ideal for the motor.

To create blades, you can take any material. The main thing is that it is light. Due to the weakness of the motor, the less the blades weigh, the faster the rotation will be, and, therefore, the efficiency of the work.

• The easiest option is to take a cork from a regular plastic bottle, which will serve as a fastening for the blades. Make a hole in the bottle the size of the rotating axis of the electric motor.
• The blades can be made from a regular CD. A hole the size of a bottle cap is burned in the center. The circumference of the disk is divided into 8 sectors. They are cut to some distance, but not to the center. Afterwards, the disk needs to be heated with fire to easily bend the blades. A lighter is suitable for this.

Creating blades on a CD

• You can attach the disk to the cork with glue. The second option is when a hole is burned in the middle for the plug - immediately connect the structure. The melted plastic will harden and hold firmly.
• After all this, the structure is connected to each other. Wire is suitable for the stand. This is perhaps the simplest option. And for such a lightweight device, you can’t imagine anything better. You can bend the frame in such a way as to hide the batteries there unnoticed. Or carefully run the power supply wire going to the motor.
• The circuit does not have to be always closed if you use batteries, so you need to secure the button to the case. It's inexpensive. You can use it from a toy from which the motor was removed.

Another option for a propeller design is to use thick paper. The method is even simpler, but less practical.

Advice! When experimenting, remember that the larger the fan blade area, the noisier it will work. On the other hand, small blades do not move air as efficiently.

How to make a fan out of paper

Paper is not the best suitable material for a home fan for the simple reason that it is very impractical. Any ingress of water, even banal humidity, and the device will rapidly begin to lose its hardness.

But even despite all the disadvantages, craftsmen They even make quite nice samples from paper. Of course, we are talking about thick paper or cardboard. Strong material from boxes works well. You will also need a regular motor or cooler, an on/off button and wires.

The simplest table fan using cardboard

The approximate design plan is that the device can be simplified as much as possible. The impeller is easy to cut and can have many or few blades. Everything is at the master's request. The motor can be mounted on a wooden or cardboard block. The stand will also be made from paper or an old computer disk.

It is only important not to forget that such a fan is very light, which makes it shaky in operation. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the body. Old batteries, bolts or nuts work well.

How to make a fan from a plastic bottle

Crazy Hands' favorite raw material is plastic bottles - almost ideal for creating your own fan. The top of a standard round bottle works well for the propeller. You need to cut off the part with the cork just above the pasted label.

• The part of the bottle with the cork will be the blades. To do this, you need to cut the plastic down to the cork so that you get several different petals. After one, the petals are cut off at the base. The remaining ones are future propeller blades.

Fan blades made from a plastic bottle

• You can use a candle or lighter to shape the blades and twist them a little. The main thing is not to overdo it, because the plastic is soft and can catch fire. The goal is to warm it up a little, not set it on fire.
• The plug will be the base of the propeller. A hole is made in it according to the dimensions of the motor axis. To keep the connection firmly, you can put it on glue.
• Now is the time to think about the foundation. The rest of a plastic bottle will also work for this. A hole is cut in it to rigidly place the plug with the blades at a right angle. You must remember to weigh down the base - with nuts, bolts or any other metal objects.
• A hole is made on the base for the button and the chain is assembled. There is also enough space for a power supply.

Field for imagination when working with plastic bottle extensively. You can use several bottles at once. One will become a propeller (more precisely, part of it), and the second will become a solid foundation. But then they will need Additional materials. For example, ordinary drinking straws.

Simple and lightweight bottle fan

How to make a USB fan

But the most convenient and simple fan is an old cooler, which can also be used. For example, put it on a table, and it will cool, but not the processor or video card, but a person.

The advantages of this design are obvious: the cooler is very reliable, because it is its job to constantly turn the impeller and cool something. And it’s easy to get coolers. It is enough to either find an old computer, or order a new fan or buy it in a store.

The cooler design is simple. This is a ready-made fan in a plastic case. There are two wires coming from it (usually red and black).

Regular computer cooler

Making a USB fan takes just a few minutes:

1. The wires on the cooler are stripped 1-2 centimeters.
2. Take a regular USB cable, at the end of which you also need to get rid of the insulation. The standard USB cable has four wires inside. Of these, you should choose black and red. Cut off the rest so as not to get in the way, and clean up the necessary ones.
3. Connect the red wire of the cord to the red one on the cooler. Black - with black. Carefully insulate areas without winding. Ready.
4. All that remains is to think about the holding device. Here the already familiar wire, which can take any shape, can come in handy. Even suitable for a fan housing cardboard box, and if you spend a little more effort and time, you can even build a real designer object.

Design approach to fan design

It is very convenient when the fan turns on when the computer starts. Besides, modern blocks have several USB outputs. It turns out that such a device will not interfere.

Another point is that sometimes you want to turn on the fan regardless of the computer’s operation (especially since a device with a cooler turns out to be quite powerful, good and useful). Then you can use adapters. For example, today they make chargers for phones that easily turn into a USB cable when the connector with the plug is disconnected. Similar equipment can be used for a fan, making it universal: operating from the network and from the USB port of any computer. Another advantage of this design is the simplest electrical circuit. A cooler-based fan can even do without extra buttons: just a wire and a plug.

DIY bladeless fan

But a slightly unusual use of a free cooler (but you can get by with an electric motor) is a bladeless fan. Modern, interesting, with the right skill – no less effective – a solution that definitely attracts the eye. The thing turns out to be completely non-standard, spectacular.

For example, here is the ideal appearance bladeless or duct fan model:

This is roughly how you can make a bladeless fan with your own hands

The most important thing about bladeless models is, of course, their appearance. Therefore, if you make such a device yourself, you need to try to think through the frame in the smallest detail. Uneven edges, roughness - all this will spoil the impression.

Frame bladeless fan is almost entirely a work area. Don’t think that some kind of space technology is being implemented here.

Air circulation is carried out quite prosaically - with the help of rotating blades. They hide in the base tube. If you take a cooler from a computer, you can make a stand according to its shape. Here, as they say, at the discretion of the author.

The differences from the classics are in the location of the cooler - it is placed horizontally in a bladeless fan.

Cooler location in a bladeless fan

The top ring is made hollow inside, two-layered. There the main redirection of air in the right direction is carried out.

A hollow cavity is visible in the upper ring of the fan, from where the air blows

You can make the frame of a bladeless fan from plastic, wood, or thick cardboard. It is better to use a flexible material so that you can easily give it the shape of a ring. An alternative is to use a combined structure. For example, the rings are made of cardboard or plastic, and the rigid frame is made of wood.

You need to cut:

• four sides for a stand;
• Two circles of the same radius;
• Twist two rings of different diameters.

Then everything is put together and, if necessary, painted.

Meals can be arranged in different ways. A universal option is a combined wire for the USB connector and a plug for the socket.

The device can also be a little more complicated. For example, make a light strip of diode strip along the edge of the rim. The backlight consumes little energy, but will add beauty to the fan. And the power supply and wiring, if necessary, can easily be hidden in the stand.

How to make a powerful fan with your own hands

When it comes to powerful fans, you need to understand that they require completely different motors. Starting from old fan motors to others household appliances. Good fit:

• unnecessary ceiling chandeliers with a fan;
• old lawn mowers;
• drills;
• hoods.

The only thing is that you need to get into the voltage corridor that is required to power the motor. For example, drills most often require 18 volts. But for ventilation purposes, it will be enough to supply less than half of this voltage. Even at 12 Volts, the fans are very loud and extremely unstable due to the strong inertia of the rotating blades.

Power for powerful electric motors must be supplied from the mains. Therefore, you need to think about installing a power supply or connecting charger. The electrical circuit can be complicated by adding light bulbs lying around, Digital Watch, radio, toggle switch or board for switching operating modes. But it’s easier, of course, to limit yourself to only a fan with a button, if that’s enough.

In any case, such homemade variations of homemade fans are sometimes much better than even purchased options. With the right skill, you can get a very good thing, a real pride of the owner.

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