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Glue is a substance that is used in household and in almost all areas of production. The reason for such popularity of adhesives is the ability to connect objects that are different in shape, composition and not the same in size. Modern views adhesives provide high connection reliability and aesthetics.
Due to the huge scope of use of adhesives in the household, there are very often cases when glue is urgently needed, but it is not available. And then many people wonder how to make glue at home?
So let's look at how to make different kinds adhesives at home.
How to make PVA glue at home
In order to prepare PVA glue with your own hands, you need to select the following ingredients:
- glycerin – 4 grams;
- wheat flour – 100 grams;
- distilled water – 1 liter;
- ethanol– 20 ml;
- photographic gelatin – 5 grams.
Some of these raw materials are always available at home, and the rest you can buy at the pharmacy. Before preparing the glue, you need to soak the gelatin in plain water a day before.
When the gelatin has already infused, it is necessary to build water bath from kitchen utensils. Place all raw ingredients, not including alcohol and glycerin, in a container and cook in a water bath.
Stir the resulting mixture constantly and wait until it reaches the desired consistency (thick).
When the mass has become thick, you can add ethyl alcohol and glycerin to it. Next, you need to thoroughly stir the mass until there are no inhomogeneities in it. After the mass has become homogeneous, you can stop the process of preparing the glue. You can use homemade PVA glue as soon as it cools down.
DIY wood glue
Quite often in the household it is necessary to glue wood, cardboard or paper. And then it is best to prepare wood glue at home. To prepare it you need a tile of wood glue. Before directly preparing the glue, you need to break the tiles into small pieces and place them in a container. Next you need to fill the pieces of tile cold water, wait 10-12 hours until the glue absorbs water and forms a gelatinous mass.
After this, the container with glue must be placed in a water bath and stirred constantly so that it does not burn. If you need wood glue of a thin consistency, then it would be advisable to add hot water to the mixture. There is no need to bring the glue to a boil; when there are no lumps in it, it means it is ready.
If you need to glue the leather together with wood glue, then you need to add glycerin to the prepared mass. Calculation: 1 teaspoon per 0.5 liter of glue.
Features of preparing tile adhesive at home
If you have already purchased facing tiles and want to work, then you need to prepare tile adhesive with your own hands. As a rule, the adhesive mixture is prepared from cement and sand, water and PVA glue. Sand acts as a filler and should be small sizes, the maximum grain diameter is no more than 2 millimeters.
The ratio of cement and sand should be 1:3. In this case, the measure is not the weight of the materials, but their volume. For example, 2 buckets of cement require 6 buckets of sand.
It must be remembered that tile adhesive hardens quickly and must be prepared immediately before laying the facing tiles. The tile adhesive solution can be used for no more than three hours.
Making glue at home is carried out in the following sequence of actions:
- Cement and sand are thoroughly mixed.
- Then water is added to the resulting mixture, having previously dissolved PVA glue in it. A bucket of tile adhesive requires 0.5 kg of adhesive. If the facing work will be carried out in a room with high humidity, for example in the bathroom, then the volume of glue can increase and reach a maximum of 3 kg.
- Then the tile adhesive is thoroughly mixed, its consistency should be thick. If the mass has become homogeneous, it means that the glue is ready for use.
The bonding strength of homemade tile adhesive is quite high, but is inferior to industrial analogues.
How to make casein glue at home
If casein powder is available
According to its properties casein glue similar to carpenter's adhesive, but it is not afraid of moisture. Making casein glue with your own hands is quite simple. To prepare it, you need a flat container, casein powder, borax and water. First, casein powder is poured with water and allowed to brew for three hours. Then the borax must be dissolved in hot water in a ratio of 1:7. The resulting solution is added to casein. This mixture is heated in a water bath to 70 ° C and stirred constantly. The glue can be used 40 minutes after it is removed from the water bath.
If you do not have casein powder, then you can prepare it yourself.
How to make casein glue from milk
To prepare casein powder, you need skim milk. The milk is placed in a warm place to sour and then filtered using cotton wool or blotting paper. Next, the casein remaining on the paper is washed in water and boiled. Finally, the casein must be spread out on paper and dried at room temperature.
After preparing the casein powder, you can begin to produce glue. To prepare the glue you need borax, water and casein powder in a ratio of 1:4:10. Next, mix the raw ingredients, but first add half the water. Then add the remaining water to the resulting thick consistency and mix everything thoroughly. Casein glue must be used immediately, it hardens after 3 hours.
Features of preparing wood glue
Making your own wood glue is very easy. The composition of this glue includes: flour, water, aluminum alum, rosin in a ratio of 40:10:1.5:3. All raw materials are filled with water and mixed thoroughly. Then the mixture is placed on low heat and heated. As soon as the glue begins to thicken, it is removed from the heat.
Use wood glue immediately before it hardens.
How to make waterproof glue
Quite often, households need glue that is not afraid of dampness. This type of glue is usually called waterproof. Waterproof glue is used when making facing works in kitchens and bathrooms. This type of glue can be purchased at finished form, or you can cook it yourself at home.
There are several ways to produce glue at home:
1. The first method of preparing glue requires cottage cheese or curdled milk, slaked lime. These two components are mixed until a thick, homogeneous mass is obtained. After this, the glue is ready for use, but you must remember that after applying the substance to the surfaces, you need to carefully compress and dry them.
2. Adhering to the second method of making glue, you need to purchase 100 grams of high-quality wood glue, 35 grams of drying oil. Wood glue is placed in a glass and simmered over low heat until it becomes liquid. Then add drying oil and stir the mixture thoroughly. This glue must always be warmed before use. This DIY hot glue perfectly connects wooden surfaces, used when laying tiles, it is not afraid of either cold or hot water.
Knowing how to prepare various types of adhesives at home, you can always complete all tasks efficiently and on time. household work, creating a cozy and pleasant atmosphere.
Tile adhesive is a composition of cement, sand, chemical additives and plasticizer. It is designed for gluing mosaic, ceramic and other tiles. From the moment the composition of tile adhesive for external and interior works in the form of specialized dry mixtures, the speed and quality of finishing have increased manifold. Tile adhesive, as a rule, is heat-resistant and is characterized by high load resistance, elasticity, adhesion to surfaces, moisture resistance, etc. One of the most important advantages of the tile adhesive composition is low consumption and high degree of retention of tiles, natural stone, gypsum boards, etc.
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Tile adhesive is a composition of cement, sand, chemical additives and a plasticizer. It is designed for gluing mosaic, ceramic and other tiles. From the moment the composition of tile adhesive for external and internal work appeared in the form of specialized dry mixtures, the speed and quality of finishing have increased many times over. Tile adhesive, as a rule, is heat-resistant and is characterized by high load resistance, elasticity, adhesion to surfaces, moisture resistance, etc. One of the most important advantages of the tile adhesive composition is low consumption and high degree of retention of tiles, natural stone, gypsum boards, etc.
Technologies
Polyurethane adhesive - application features
Polyurethane adhesives are synthetic adhesives that are obtained from substances used to synthesize polyurethanes. Polyurethanes are polymers that are film-forming substances that have increased resistance to gasoline, acids, oils and other aggressive substances
How to choose heat-resistant tile adhesive
Using heat-resistant tile adhesive, ceramic clinker tiles are laid, insulating materials, concrete blocks, a natural stone, glass, mosaic panel, wooden panels
Frost-resistant tile adhesive for outdoor use. Description and Application
Frost-resistant tile adhesive is not afraid of temperature differences, does not deform, has high strength and a high degree of adhesion
Ready-made tile adhesive: application features
When working with ready-made adhesives, complex and messy work on diluting mixtures is not required; laying ready-made tiles on tile adhesive is easy and simple
Two-component tile adhesive. Features of use
Polyurethane two-component adhesives are used for gluing PVC tiles, ceramics, earthenware, concrete, metal, wood, polystyrene on absorbent and non-absorbent substrates, also on industrial and sports floors
If a person decides to decorate the walls with tiles on his own, then he will need a high-quality mixture that can securely fasten it to the wall structure. Similar mixtures are prepared at home and from several components.
Cement mixture
To prepare a cement-adhesive substance intended for fixing tiles, you will have to perform several manipulations. The first thing you should do is sift the sand. Whole sand contains a large number of small pebbles, fragments of shells, clay particles. If they get into the mixture and tiles are subsequently attached to them, then over time such tiles may crack.
After sifting, cement and water are added to the sand. The resulting solution should have a dough-like consistency. This dough is ready for use.
Great alternative Cement mortar is considered a dry adhesive mixture for ceramic tiles, which is offered in any specialized store. The composition of this mixture includes cement, sand, and big number various chemical components. The cost of the product determines the manufacturer’s branding and quality constituent elements.
Solutions from dry mixtures
When working with such substances, you must strictly follow the requirements specified in the instructions. It should be noted that the fixing capabilities of these substances are much better than those of cement-adhesive mortar. In addition, the suspensions contain so-called antifungal additives.
Solutions are prepared in stages:
- When starting work, care should be taken to protect the respiratory tract. A respirator or a regular gauze bandage is suitable for these purposes;
- You need to get a bucket in advance that holds 10 liters. 3 liters of warm (24 degrees) water is poured into such a bucket;
- On next stage The dry mixture is dropped in small portions into a bucket of water with constant stirring. The work requires a volume that occupies two thirds of the bucket;
- The resulting solution should be thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous consistency is obtained without signs of lumps. Some craftsmen perform this manipulation using a special tool called a “whisk”;
- In order to increase the degree of adhesion, PVA glue is also added to the composition in the proportion described above;
- The prepared composition must be left alone for some time (10 minutes), as it needs to settle. Then it should be mixed thoroughly.
Types of dry mixtures
Modern manufacturers offer a wide range of these products.
The universal mixture is addressed to those workers who need to fix miniature ceramic tiles.
The main task of reinforced tile adhesive is to secure large-sized products. Distinctive feature a reinforced mixture is considered to be its ability to provide excellent adhesion to the surface and withstand a variety of mechanical loads.
There are also mixtures specifically designed for swimming pools, saunas and baths. Nowadays it is very fashionable to decorate this kind of premises with mosaic tiles. This tile adhesive is characterized by excellent water resistance and contains substances that can prevent the formation of fungus and mold.
Frost-resistant tile adhesive is used for external works. Using this mixture, plinths and facades are decorated with ceramics various structures, and flights of stairs, terraces, patios, gazebos. Frost-resistant glue can withstand a huge amount of freezing and thawing.
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The solution is a mixture of sand, binder and water. Cement is used as a binder, with Portland cement being the best. Portland slag cement is less suitable for these purposes, since it contains a large percentage of finely ground blast furnace slag, which can cause undesirable discoloration of the surface of light-colored facing tiles.
When cooking solution great importance has the quality of sand. The sand should not contain contaminants or foreign inclusions such as clay, grass, leaves, etc. If a handful of sand, squeezed in the palm, is held in a lump, the sand is not suitable. This indicates a high content of clay impurities in it. Sand should not be too small or too large. A grain size of up to 3 mm is considered normal, and in exceptional cases - up to 5 mm. The highest quality solution is obtained from sand with a grain size of up to 3 mm; it is the strongest, and such sand requires less cement.
Water should be taken from a tap or a well. Less suitable rainwater, she's too soft. Rainwater that is gradually collected in a container, in which it usually sits for a long time and becomes dirty, is completely unsuitable. Behind for a long time V standing water Organic substances are formed, which subsequently destroy the cement binding material, so that the solution, initially quite strong, gradually loses its strength.
Composition of the mixture for wall cladding with ceramic tiles. DIY tile adhesive
Main components: cement And sand knead in proportions from 1: 3 to 1: 4, but more often in a proportion of 1: 4 by volume. It is not recommended to measure by eye. You can use a liter jar, bucket, etc. as a measure.
At mixing the solution in proportion by mass, it is useful to know that one bag of cement weighing 50 kg has a volume of 42 liters; Thus, 1 liter of cement weighs 1.2 kg. A weighed amount of sand and cement is first mixed until smooth until the mixture takes on one color, and only then water is gradually added. Solution should have an easily moldable consistency.
If you add a lot of water at once, the solution will be liquid. It is best to prepare the solution in small portions, no more than an hour's work. After this time, the solution begins to harden. And if the hardened solution is stirred again by adding water to it, it loses its strength, and subsequently facing tiles will fall away from the base. To make the solution more plastic, add a little lime to it, in an amount of up to 1/5 of the volume of cement. Under no circumstances should gypsum be added to the cement mortar.
Sasha asked a question:
I decided to lay the tiles in the kitchen myself, but I don’t want to spend extra money. At home there is a bag of cement left over from filling a hole in the garage. Please tell me how to make tile adhesive with your own hands so that it is no worse glue mixture from the shop.
Tiler's answer:
Everyone who has planned a home renovation is trying to save on building materials and prepare your own tile adhesive mixture. I will tell you a recipe that I myself have repeatedly used for laying tiles.
In order to prepare tile adhesive you will need: a mixing container, construction mixer, cement grades M-400 or M-500, sand, and plasticizers. I use PVA glue as plasticizers, but you can also use KMC wallpaper glue, washing powder, liquid soap or detergent.
What is this article about?
Recipe with the addition of PVA or CMC
Having obtained all the necessary components and tools, let's move on to the actual preparation. To do this, mix cement and sand in a ratio of 1:3 or 1:4, depending on the brand. To dry cement-sand mixture We begin to add water in parts with constant stirring, achieving a homogeneous mass. At this stage, the most important thing is that there are no lumps left in the solution. After cement-sand mortar When ready, PVA is added to it, previously diluted with water (in a ratio of 2:1). Typically, the amount of glue added (diluted in water) is 5-10% of the volume of cement-sand mortar. It is better to add glue in equal portions, remembering to mix. Preparation of the adhesive mixture ends after the required working viscosity has been achieved.
And now I will tell you how to make an adhesive mixture using CMC glue. Since wallpaper glue is sold in the form of a dry powder, before adding it to the cement-sand mortar, it must be prepared using the recommendations indicated on the product packaging. The dissolved and swollen wallpaper glue is added to the cement mortar in small portions of 200 ml. After adding CMC, the mixture is thoroughly mixed until a working viscosity is obtained.
Recipe with added detergent, liquid soap or washing powder
You can also prepare tile adhesive by adding liquid soap, washing powder or dish detergent to the cement mortar. These additives allow you to increase the fluidity of tile adhesive and, most importantly, do not change the quantitative water content.
As an example, I’ll give you my recipe for making tile adhesive with the addition of detergent. First, prepare a cement-sand mortar. It should be done in the same proportions that I indicated above. TO ready solution add detergent at the rate of 50-100g (or 1-2 tablespoons) per bucket of cement. Mix the solution until a homogeneous mass is obtained and the glue is ready. It is not recommended to increase the amount of detergent, as this will lead to the formation of efflorescence after hardening.
Supplements
When making an adhesive mortar for tiles, its composition, in addition to (or instead of) PVA, CMC and detergents, you can add special additives such as: MasterTherm, superplasticizer – C3, liquid glass, dibutyl phthalate, resin additive DEG1, superplasticizer D5, etc.
They will give the glue such unique properties such as: frost resistance, heat resistance, moisture resistance, impact resistance chemical substances, plasticity, increased adhesion, etc. The method of using these additives will be described in the instructions supplied by the manufacturer.
And finally. To understand whether the adhesive composition prepared by yourself is ready for use, it must be applied to tiles, and if the tile moves freely on the floor in any direction, then the glue can be considered ready.