How to replace a wooden floor with a concrete one in an apartment. How to change rotten lower crowns in a wooden house? To lay tiles on a wooden base you need

Ecology of consumption. Estate: Repair of the most vulnerable part wooden house- lower crowns - the work is very labor-intensive. Usually it requires the involvement of specialized teams with appropriate equipment, but in some cases it can be done by hand. It all depends on the type of foundation and the extent of damage to the wood of the lower crowns of the house.

Repairing the most vulnerable part of a wooden house - the lower crowns - is very labor-intensive work. Usually it requires the involvement of specialized teams with appropriate equipment, but in some cases it can be done by hand. It all depends on the type of foundation and the extent of damage to the wood of the lower crowns of the house.

Types of repairs to the lower crowns of a house

Let's consider the types of repairs, as well as the technology for performing work in each of the possible options.

Repair without raising the house:

• with replacement of a section of the lower crown;
• complete replacement of the lower crowns with fragments of logs;
• replacing the lower crown with brickwork.

Repair with house raising:

• replacement of the crowns of a house with a pile (columnar) foundation;
• replacement of the crowns of a house with a strip foundation.

The specified types of repair of the lower rims are arranged in order of increasing complexity of production. Replacement without raising the house can be done independently, without involving outside help. Raising a house requires synchronizing the efforts of at least two people working with jacks to avoid distortion and destruction of the house, or its sliding off the foundation.

Preparing the house for replacing crowns

The first stage of replacement is to strengthen the structure of the log house. Even if you do not plan to lift the house with jacks, it would be useful to strengthen the structure. Used for strengthening wooden beam at least 40 mm thick, located vertically along the outer and inner surfaces of the wall.

The lower edge of the beam should be located at the level of the crown, which is not subject to replacement, the upper - at the level of the upper crown of the log house. The screed bars are attached to the wall with nails. At the top and bottom points they are fixed with a tie (dowels of at least 10 mm) through a hole drilled in the wall (log). through hole. The ties are located at a distance of 300–400 mm from the edge of the section of the crown to be replaced, or in all inter-window spaces of the wall.

Scheme for replacing a section of log

First, the affected area of ​​the wood is determined. It is visually difficult to understand how widespread the rot has become. To accurately determine the damage, use either a chisel, which is used to punch a log from the side of the visible area of ​​​​the damage, or a feather drill for wood, which is used to drill holes using an electric drill.

The condition of the wood is determined by the condition and color of the chips. Having decided on the area to be replaced, they retreat 200 mm to the sides from its boundaries, and using a chain saw or electric saw, a section of the lower crown is cut out. After this, waterproofing is laid on the foundation in two layers.

Replacing a crown part. 1. Damaged area. 2. A cut area with a margin of at least 10 cm from the identified damage. 3. Liner

In the unaffected areas of the lower crown, notches are cut out with a saw for more reliable fixation of the insert element. The lower part of the second crown is treated with an antiseptic. An insert is cut from a log of the appropriate diameter; its length should be 10–20 mm shorter than the cut section.

The length of the notch should correspond to that on the undamaged areas of the lower crown. After this, the insert is installed (hammered with a sledgehammer) into the opening and the existing cracks are caulked with moss or other available material.

Thus, it is possible to gradually replace the entire perimeter of the rotted crown. Replacement begins from the corners from the bottom log of the frame.

Alternatively, it is possible to replace the damaged area without wooden inserts, but brickwork.

Replacing a log house on a columnar (pile) foundation

This is a simpler option because it does not require demolition of the foundation. The distance between piles or foundation columns is usually sufficient for installing jacks. To prevent the log frame from deforming and sliding off the posts, it is advisable to lift the house simultaneously from all four corners a simple rectangular log house. Only in extreme cases is it possible to lift only one side of the house.

The jacks are placed under the top log of the frame. A support is placed under the jack to prevent it from falling into the ground ( wooden shield not less than 500x500 mm). The jack rod should not rest directly on the log, but should have a metal gasket-plate. After lifting with jacks, the lower beam of the dressing is freed from the load and can be replaced. Temporary supports made of logs or bricks are installed on it and jacks are lowered.

At the same time as the jacks, the upper logs of the frame will also be lowered. They are also replaced and immediately jacked up. After this, the temporary supports are removed from the lower logs of the dressing and the jacks are lowered. The log house is falling into place.

Replacing the crowns of a log house with strip foundation

This work is the most difficult because it requires either partial destruction of the foundation to create niches for installing jacks, or the use of a lever system for lifting the corners of the house.

Replacing the crowns, as in the case of a columnar foundation, begins with replacing the lower logs of the frame. To do this, niches are dug in the foundation at a distance of 200–300 mm from the corners of the house under the top dressing logs. After installing the jacks, the replacement procedure is similar to that described above.

When using a lever system, foundation destruction is not required. The initial stage is to remove half the thickness of the top log of the log frame 1000–1500 mm from its edge from all four corners of the log house.

After this, the resulting niche is laid metal channel or a rail, and with the help of a jack the corner of the house is raised. As it rises, wooden wedges are hammered between the foundation and the channel (rail) until the lower beam of the dressing is freed from the load. It is removed and temporary supports are placed.

Next, knock out the wedges between the channel and the foundation and remove it. The top log of the dressing is released and can be replaced with a new one. After this, the channel or rail is reinstalled and the house is raised in the same way, using wedges. Temporary supports are removed and new lower logs of the frame are laid. By lowering the jacks and knocking out the wedges, they lower the frame onto the lower beam of the dressing. The frame fell into place.

Despite the technology for replacing the lower rims of wooden log houses, which has been developed over the centuries, this work still remains very labor-intensive and requires a lot of work. physical strength. It is impossible to do it alone. But it's not just a matter of physical activity, but also in the need to synchronize the lifting of the log house at 2 or 4 points simultaneously. And when complex design log house - in an even greater number of points. However, replacing only the lower crowns is much less labor-intensive process than a complete overhaul of the entire frame. published

Many homes have floors made using wood. And since wood is a material that nature gave us, it is subject to rotting and can dry out and crack. As a result, at some point, this wood floor will require repair or replacement. And when replacing a rotten or repairable wooden floor It is very important to follow a certain technology for the complete or partial reconstruction of a wooden floor, with the help of which you can easily, efficiently and without unnecessary worries restore an old wooden floor.

Particular attention should be paid, first of all, to the moisture content of the wood used. If a wooden floor is made from wet boards, it will soon become unusable, as a result of which it will have to be re-laid. Since the wood is wet, it cracks and forms cracks when it dries. The moisture content of the boards cannot be determined by eye. Therefore, when purchasing wood, if it was in a ventilated area, the wood will be dry and its humidity will be low. Wood for floors is dried separately from joinery wood. It is worth paying attention to the ends of the boards: it is strongly not recommended to coat them, as this will ultimately lead to their rotting.

After selection required wood You can proceed directly to repairing the floor. When replacing wooden floors or rotten boards, new ones must be used, required sizes. Having carefully examined the remaining intact boards, you need to pay attention to the location of the old fibers. This is necessary so that the fibers of the fresh boards run parallel to the old fibers. If it is necessary to replace them, then the old boards are treated with an antiseptic. The remaining old boards suitable for replacement must be laid in the same order in which they were laid on wooden floor, according to their numbering. New boards undergo appropriate processing along the edges and on the back side.

The width of the board should be 76-124 mm, and its humidity should be 12%.

• The wooden floor is laid perpendicular to the joists.
• If nails are used when replacing the floor, they should be twice as long as the thickness of the floor boards.
• The boards must be nailed at an angle of 45 degrees.
• Nail heads should extend no more than 5 mm into the surface of the board.
• The rows of driven nails should be neat and even.
• It is best, of course, to use self-tapping screws when repairing the floor.

Nails under constant load begin to protrude from the floor boards and, accordingly, no longer provide them reliable fastening. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to use self-tapping screws that can also be screwed next to old nail, and the resulting small depression is sealed with a special wood putty. The boards are laid on a common joist along the entire length or width of the room, jointed and covered with a frieze. The frieze is secured with nails to the joist in a couple of rows.

Between the floor covering and the wall you need to leave short distance for good sound insulation. The gaps are covered with plinth. The flooring in the room should be 1.5-2 cm lower than the floor in the corridor.

The procedure for repairing joists is the same as for wooden ones. flooring, that is, they are replaced by new ones.

• They are treated with an antiseptic, rotten logs are removed.
• Logs on a reinforced concrete base are installed on soundproofing pads.
• If the logs are placed on the ground, it is necessary to lay out small columns of brick or concrete, and lay the waterproofing in two layers of roofing felt.
• To level the lags in relation to each other, use a building level.
• The first logs should be laid level across the room, leaving a gap of 8-9 cm between the wall.
• It is prohibited to place wedges under the joists.
• When the first lighthouse logs are precisely aligned, others are laid across the entire area.

It is recommended to lay logs based on the degree of illumination. IN bright rooms the logs are laid along the incident rays of light, and in dark places, for example, in the corridor - across. The joining of the logs is carried out end to end, while maintaining a displacement of parallel logs of at least a meter.

After the logs have been laid and the level has been adjusted, it is advisable to begin laying the boards with or without compression. The boards must be laid closely so that the width of the gaps is no more than 1 mm. When adjusting the ends and joining the boards to the joists, the nails are nailed into them at an angle, recessed to a shallow depth. It is unacceptable to hang floorboards, as you will have to lay additional lag underneath them. To get rid of unevenness between the boards, you need to use grinding machine to level the top layer of the floor covering. A planing machine is used to plan the floor by first wetting the floor surface with water. When turning the car in reverse side overlap the adjacent planed strip by 50-100 mm.

Having done everything renovation work, wooden floors are cleaned of shavings and sawdust, the surface is primed and puttied. When the putty has dried, the floor surface is cleared of debris, dust is removed with a damp cloth, and only then the floor is painted or varnished.

Good luck replacing or repairing your old wood floor.

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Do-it-yourself dismantling of an old wooden floor How to get rid of a creaking floor - repair or replacement Laying a wooden floor, technology and rules Soundproofing a wooden floor - ways to solve the problem

To live in wooden house much more comfortable than in a building built from artificially created materials.

It creates a microclimate in which it is easy to breathe and does not cause allergic reactions. Unfortunately, the naturalness of a wooden house, in addition to its environmental benefits, has a number of disadvantages during operation.

With time wooden building under the influence of moisture, temperature changes, fungal damage, corrosion by bugs and other factors, it deteriorates. The question arises about its demolition or restoration. A major home renovation can give it a second life.

The lower rows are more often destroyed by rotting log house, including the initial row. It is called a flashing and has a surface hewn from below for a better fit to the foundation. Destruction occurs due to the close proximity of the lower rims to wet surface land. They restore the house by replacing rotten areas with new logs. Let's look at how to replace the old crowns of the lower rows of wood using construction technologies.

Replacing the lower crowns

Crown replacement technology

There are two ways to restore the lower part of a log house:
You can partially replace damaged areas. To do this, it is enough to cut out the rotten parts and insert new ones in their place. This will prevent further spread of rot.
If the lower crowns are completely rotten, they need to be replaced with new ones. Such a replacement is possible when lifting the log house with jacks in order to gain access to rotten logs.
Let's look in detail at how to replace old logs using these methods.

The process of completely replacing the lower crowns using a jack

Before carrying out work, you need to check the strength of the ligation of the corner elements, on which the integrity of the geometry of the structure depends. If the corners of the house are not rotten and the bandage is strong, then the walls can withstand the rise.

The process of replacing old crowns using a strip foundation jack is carried out in the following sequence:

• for the crowns being replaced, the logs located on top in the corner bandage are determined, since they will be supports for the jacks;
• at a distance of 1 meter from both corners of the wall, recesses 40 cm wide are made in the foundation;
• opposite these recesses, sections of the same width are cut out on the lower log of the dressing. The total height of the foundation recesses and the cut section should allow the installation of a jack in the resulting niche;
• the same niches are prepared on the opposite side. If you use two jacks on opposite sides, you can lift the entire frame without distortions; alternate lifting of the walls is also allowed;
• lift the log house to a height of up to 10 cm with the jacks resting on the upper dressing logs of the first crown;
• after lifting the log house, the lower dressing logs are removed from the log house;
• under the then accessible logs located at the bottom of the second crown, temporarily install supports from available materials: logs, bricks and others, and the jacks are slowly lowered;
• The upper support logs of the first row that have sunk together with the jacks are also removed, new ones are installed in their place and fixed again with jacks;
• the installed temporary support substrates under the second crown are removed and new lower dressing logs are placed on the foundation, having previously laid roofing felt on it;
• the cracks are caulked with tow or other materials;
• the damaged foundation is restored using cement mortar followed by waterproofing along the entire length.

Replacing the lower crowns of a log house, raising a wooden house

Replacement of the lower logs of a house whose base is a columnar foundation.

It's easier. This does not require destruction of the foundation.
First, prepare the support platforms for the jack. At a distance of about 1 meter from the corners, concrete blocks, metal panels or bricks are laid, which will serve as the lower support of the jacks.
The level of such a platform should allow the jack to enter the height of the hole after cutting in the lower log of the harness being repaired, and ensure that it rests on the upper log.

Sometimes for this purpose support platform it has to be deepened by digging.
Otherwise, updating rotten crowns is similar to the method described above for a strip foundation.

The process of partial replacement of the lower crowns

The partial replacement technology is carried out as follows:

• the boundaries of the damaged areas are outlined using notches with a chisel;
• the rotten areas are cut out with a chainsaw at the nicks and removed;
• to securely connect the insert, notches 20 cm wide are made at the edges of the cuts;
• the lower freed part of the crown, located above the area to be removed, is leveled with a chisel and treated with an antiseptic along with the cut points;
• An insert 1–2 mm shorter than the width of the opening with a protruding notch is cut out of a log having the same diameter as the rotten section. It is also coated with an antiseptic;
• the insert is installed in the sawn opening on roofing felt previously laid on the foundation. To ensure a tight fit, it is driven in with a sledgehammer;
• the joints are sealed with tow or other material.

With a partial replacement, you can gradually renew the entire lower crown. To do this, rotten sections are successively replaced with new inserts.

The only drawback of this method is the lack of integrity of the crown. But in this case there is no need to lift the frame with jacks.

You can also line this row with bricks instead, gradually cutting out sections of the crown for them.

Preparatory work

Lifting a house requires thorough preparation. Before this you need to carry out the following work:

• window sashes must be opened and secured, secured with twine to the wall, or the frames removed altogether to avoid cracks in case of distortion when lifting the frame;
• door frames it is also better to remove or doors in open position fix to the walls;
• the floor must be disconnected from the walls. If its logs are built into the mortgage, then it needs to be disassembled. Then the logs are sawed off at the junction with the embedded crown and support bars are installed under them;
• the furnace must be provided with a separate foundation; it must be separated from the lower floor;
• the chimney is also separated from the upper ceiling and roofing to avoid roof damage;
• The upper crowns of the log house, which are not subject to replacement, must be secured with a tie so that when lifting the log house it does not become warped. In this case, the bars are secured from the outside for reliability and inside Houses;
• the house must be cleared of all heavy objects;
• all logs and bars prepared for replacement are treated with an antiseptic;
• prepare materials for sealing the renewed logs and foundation: roofing felt, cement, bricks, resin-based sealant, etc.

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Cost of replacement work

Work related to raising a log frame and replacing rotten crowns is considered complex and labor-intensive. You should not do them yourself. For this it is better to hire craftsmen. You must first determine the cost of work and materials.

In order to replace the lower crown, it is often necessary to perform additional work: dismantling the foundation, pouring a new foundation, dismantling the lower crown and installing a new one, making a blind area, dismantling the floor and beams inside the house.

Cost of work: replacement of crowns and floors.

Cost of work: foundation work.

Name of works	Unit measured	Price	Name of works	Unit measured	Price
Dismantling foundation walls. 0.4m	linear m.	from 1000r	Dismantling foundation walls. 0.6m	m linear	from 2000r
Assembling formwork, tying reinforcement, excavating soil, filling and compacting under an existing building	m3	from 10000r	Pouring the foundation with a pump (excluding pumping station)	m3	from 1000r
Pumping station rental from 7 hours	hour	from 2000r	Pouring a foundation without a pump	m3	from 2500r
Preparing concrete in a concrete mixer	m3	from 1500r	Strengthening the foundation	m	5000r
Concrete M200	m3	from 3000r	Concrete M300	m3	from 3500r

From this master class you will learn how to replace a wooden floor in an old house with a concrete insulated screed on the ground. This floor is planned to be used for installing a water heated floor. In addition, you will find out what materials you will need and their approximate cost.

Preparing for work

To carry out work on reconstructing the floor and preparing it for a heated water floor, we have to do several operations: dismantling the old wooden covering, leveling the ground, filling pillows, laying insulation, preparing mortar, pouring screed.

To work we will need the following tools:

1. Buckets (plastic).
2. Construction level.
3. Shovel
4. Rule.
5. Concrete mixer.
6. Fomka.

Materials that we will need for a room with an area of ​​4x3 m:

Name	Unit change	Quantity	Unit price, rub.	Total cost, rub.
Cement	kg	250	46	1150
Sand	kg	3000	0,30	900
Crushed stone	kg	1000	1	1000
Dropout	kg	1500	0,60	900
Extrusion	m 2	12	263	3156
Styrofoam	m 3	0,36	1610	579,60
Total				7685,60

Dismantling an old wooden floor

We disassemble old floors using a crowbar, not forgetting about safety precautions.

Ground leveling

After the old floor is completely dismantled, it is necessary to remove all debris from the underground and properly level the soil. You can use a rake or shovel.

Arrangement of the pillow

After the ground is leveled, we begin to arrange the pillow. Fill the layer crushed granite fractions 20-40 in a layer of 5 cm. We use crushed stone to protect the floor from mice. You can replace it with small broken bricks or broken slate. Lightly compact the poured layer of crushed stone.

Along the perimeter of the room, to compensate thermal expansion screeds, foam sheets are laid. It will also play the role of permanent formwork and insulate the ends finished slab. The thickness of the foam sheet is from 20 to 50 cm, thicker is not necessary.

Pour a layer of sand up to 10 cm onto the crushed stone. The sand must be clean, free of debris and foreign inclusions.

Laying insulation

We use extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of at least 50 mm as insulation. The sheet sizes are standard 1.2 x 0.6 m.

The sheets have a “locking” device in the form of a “step”, this is clearly visible in the photograph. When laying the sheets, the locks are connected, and the surface is continuous, without cracks.

Since extruded polystyrene foam (extrusion) is completely indifferent to moisture, you can do without waterproofing. We lay the sheets, checking with a level that they lie level. Add in in the right places sand and check again.

Preparing the solution and pouring the screed

If the room is a walk-through and is actively used (as in our case), we fill the screed in two stages. First one half, then the other. To do this, we install formwork from a long board.

To prepare the solution we will need cement - 1 part, sand - 2 parts and granite screening(fine fraction gray resulting from calibration of crushed stone, i.e. granite dust and very small fragments of crushed stone) - 3 parts.

Advice on how to mix the solution if the components are dry: First we put the screenings into the concrete mixer, then the sand, then the cement, mix everything thoroughly until dry and only then add water.

Advice on how to mix the solution if the sand or screenings are wet: first pour 0.5-0.7 volumes of water into a measuring bucket, then add cement, mix thoroughly, then sand, and last resort elimination This way you will avoid wet sand sticking to the walls and, as a result, not mixing the solution. Then add water to the desired consistency.

The consistency of the finished solution should not flow, but should not be too thick. On a flat surface, when falling out of the bucket, it will spread into a “cake”, as shown in the photo below.

We carry the solution and level it with a rule or a board of suitable size. The thickness of the screed should be 4-5 cm, it cannot be thinner, it may burst. If desired, you can lay a reinforcing mesh, but you can do without it, since in the future, when installing a heated water floor, the mesh will be used in the second layer of the screed. This screed is rough and is only preparing the base for a heated floor.

After pouring, let the solution set for at least 48 hours.

We begin to prepare the second part of the room. All works are identical. We remove the formwork, clean the “locks” of the slabs from sand and lay the insulation. Don't forget to level each sheet!

Filling the second part of the room cement mortar similar to the first part.

We align the thickness of the fresh screed with the already poured one.

When the concrete is completely poured, let it sit for at least two days.

After all the work we should have a floor like this. You can already walk on it. The screed gains full strength within a month. At this time, it is advisable to moisturize it by watering it twice a day from a watering can. In the future, on this basis, a warm floor based on water heating will be made.

Alexander Birzhin, rmnt.ru

Every owner of a wooden house sooner or later faces the need to replace the most important structural elements structures. Most often we are talking about the restoration of the lower crowns. This task is not easy, requiring certain theoretical knowledge, special tools and experience in carrying out similar work.

The need to replace the lower crowns of the house

Wooden houses remain popular even with the advent of modern, more practical materials and construction technologies. However, wooden log houses have one significant drawback - the fragility of the wood and its susceptibility to rotting. The lower crowns of the structure become unusable over time.

If the construction of a wooden house is carried out “wisely”, then the period of operation of the house without carrying out major repairs is from 50 years old. But in practice this is not always the case. First of all, the lower crown of the house, which comes into contact with water more than other structural elements, begins to collapse.

Rapid rotting of the lower crowns is a consequence of the use of low-quality, unprepared material. Experienced craftsmen It is recommended to use only larch when planting. This wood, oddly enough, only becomes stronger over time when wet.

Often by erection wooden houses are carried out by unprofessional builders who neglect the subtleties technological process. In addition, it is not always possible to control the quality of the material - the wood may not be sufficiently dried or harvested “out of season.” An important factor is poor waterproofing, made from inexpensive brands of roofing felt. As a result, after 5-6 years the homeowner is forced to decide on replacing the lower crowns and reconstructing the building.

Important! A house built from durable, high-quality dried and antiseptic wood, if available reliable waterproofing and wide overhangs of the roof, protecting the walls from snow and rain, will last at least half a century without repair.

It will help you determine the need for repairs and the scope of upcoming work. visual inspection crowns When you tap a log with a hammer or the butt of an ax, a dull sound will be heard in some places - a sign that the tree is deteriorating from the inside. A more detailed picture of the destruction can be obtained by working a little with a chisel.

It is also necessary to inspect 2-3 logs located above the mortgage - the likelihood of their damage is also high. It would also be useful to assess the condition of the foundation. Small cracks must be sealed with paper construction tape. If the strips break after a while, it means that the base is deformed and you will have to replace the crowns and repair the foundation of the wooden house.

Ways to replace rotten crowns at home

It is strongly recommended that replacement of the lower crowns be carried out with the assistance of specialists. This process is technologically and physically very complex. Operational errors can lead to destruction of the roof, chimney, ceiling or the entire house. In addition, self-reconstruction of the house is unsafe for the performers.

The repair technology depends on a number of factors: the technical condition of the foundation and crowns, the dimensions of the building, the availability free space near the house, the proximity of adjacent buildings, the presence of a chimney, etc. A master with experience in performing such work will be able to choose the reconstruction method wisely, after weighing all the pros and cons.

Partial replacement of crowns without raising the house

Partial repairs, the so-called “spot” repairs, are performed if the wood begins to rot in one or more areas of the lower belt of the crowns. In this case, it is not advisable to completely change the crown.

“Local” repair involves replacing only the damaged part of the log.

Advantages of partial crown replacement:

• ease of repair;
• the work can be done independently, without the involvement of professionals and special equipment;
• minor financial investments.

Disadvantages of “spot” repairs:

• education additional places joint increases heat loss;
• the strength of the structure weakens.

General procedure for partial replacement of crowns:

A crown consisting of several sections is less durable compared to a solid one. Therefore, some experts recommend using such technology in extreme cases, or as a temporary solution.

Replacement of the lower crown of the house with brickwork

Replace the lower crown with brickwork happen in two ways: with raising a wooden house and without lifting. The choice of one technology or another depends, first of all, on the type of foundation, age of construction and budget allocated for repairs.

If the house does not have a foundation and stands directly on the ground, then it is not necessary to raise the entire building. Without lifting, it is possible to reconstruct the crowns if a columnar foundation was laid during construction.

Repair sequence:

1. The affected areas are cut out using the technology described above.
2. The brick foundation is being laid.
3. The foundation surface is brought under undamaged logs.
4. If necessary, replace not one, but several rows of crowns.

Advice. It is advisable to start work from the corners of the house - cut off the connections at the ends and install a strong support.

A more expensive and time-consuming method is to raise the house with jacks. Using a hydraulic or screw device, lifting is carried out, the elements of the frame are repaired and the masonry is started. General algorithm of actions:

1. Raise the building at the corners.
2. Place temporary support at the corners.
3. Remove the old foundation of the house.
4. Build up the brickwork, install waterproofing and lower the building.

Raising a wooden frame with jacks

At self-repair often resort to technology of lifting the house with a jack. Advantages of the method:

• optimal ratio of cost of work and its quality;
• the possibility of updating the waterproofing layer of the foundation;
• high reliability.

The disadvantages of the jacking method include:

• the need for certain skills and knowledge;
• strict adherence to work technology;
• duration of the process;
• when using jacks, new joints subsequently appear.

The easiest way is to raise the house on columnar foundation. The jack base is installed between the base supports, e.g. concrete blocks. First, an old log is cut out. If you plan to replace several crowns, then several logs are cut at once.

When replacing the two lower rims, two logs are cut out and a jack is installed so that it rests on the log of the third row.

When reconstructing a house on a strip foundation, the lifting procedure is somewhat different - partial destruction of the foundation will be required. You need to retreat a distance of about 1 m from the corner of the house and hollow out an area 40 cm wide. The height depends on the type of jack.

When raising a building, you must adhere to some rules:

• for less distortion, it is advisable to simultaneously lift the house from all sides;
• on each side of the house it is necessary to make two or more niches - it depends on the size of the structure;
• location of niches at the same distance from the corners of the house.

Important! After repairing the crowns in a house with strip base the integrity of the foundation is compromised, which leads to a decrease in its strength.

Step-by-step repair of a wooden house: replacement of crowns

Preparatory activities

A log house must be carefully prepared for lifting, namely:

1. Take furniture out of the house, household appliances. In general, the house needs to be emptied as much as possible.
2. Remove the sashes and frames from the windows, remove the doors and door frames. This will lighten the structure and protect windows/doors from damage and possible distortion.
3. Detach the wooden floor from the walls. In this case, it is necessary to take into account:
   • the floor, embedded above the embedded crown, which is not planned to be changed, does not need to be removed;
   • logs embedded in the mortgage crown must be disassembled and installed support pillars under the logs, and then separate them from the lower crown.
4. The fireplace or stove present in the house is usually installed on a separate foundation. If this standard is not met, then raising the house without damaging thermal equipment impossible.
5. Separate the stove/fireplace chimney from the roof and ceilings.
6. The intact crowns of the house must be fixed and fastened. Boards 40 cm thick are nailed vertically along the perimeter of the building, the fastening step is 50 cm. The boards are nailed both from the outside and from the inside of the house. The lower end of the board is fixed to the remaining lower crown, and the upper end, respectively, to the upper crown. This measure will protect the house from deformation during the lifting process.

The procedure for raising a log house: columnar and strip foundations

Step-by-step raising of a house on a columnar foundation:

Important! To raise the house you will need at least 4 jacks. They are installed two at a time on opposite sides of the house - the wide sides of the building are chosen. The distance to the corner of the house is about 1 m.

Lifting a log house on a strip foundation:

Important! Using a lever-jack combination, you can lift the sides of the house one at a time. In addition, after replacing the crowns, it is necessary to seal the gap through which the lever was driven.

Algorithm for replacing the crown of a wooden house

The next stage is the direct replacement of the crowns. Any crown consists of a lower and upper log connected at the corners. The jacks are installed with emphasis on the upper logs, and the lower ones can be easily removed. In their place it is necessary to put temporary supports supporting the upper crown.

Further progress:

1. Carefully lower the jacks together with the upper rim. Remove the dressing log.
2. Prepare two logs to replace the upper elements of the lower crown. The wood must be carefully processed and precisely sawed so that the fit is tight.
3. Place the top log on jacks and cover the top with caulking material.
4. Raise the jack all the way - the new log should press tightly against the counter top log.
5. Raise the jack along with the house and remove temporary supports from other walls.
6. Replace the lower strapping log in the same order as the upper one.
7. Repair the foundation, improve its waterproofing and lower the house.

The nuances of replacing the lower crown of a frame house

Installation frame house carried out on a mortgage crown made of timber and logs. The technology for restoring the lower crown is in many ways similar to replacing the trim in a house made of timber. However there are some important nuances:

Important points when replacing the crowns of a wooden and frame house

Log house: replacing the crown. Video

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