If you decide to open your own business, then you cannot do without a cash register. In trade, a cash register is considered an essential item, because an established cash accounting system today is impossible without this device. This article will tell you in detail how to use cash register.
What criteria should you use to choose a cash register?
To answer this question, it is important to consider certain factors:
- The scale of your business activity.
- The nature of the company itself.
- Pace and dynamics of development.
- Planned turnover (this may also include the sale of services).
- Intensity of cash flow.
- Preferences in the functionality of cash register equipment.
- Price range of this device.
Now you need to figure out how to use the cash register.
Using a cash register
After purchase, cash register equipment must undergo mandatory sealing at the central service station and registration with the tax service. After this, it is possible to legally use cash register equipment.
So, let's tell you how to use a cash register. The instructions look like this:
- When starting your working day, you need to connect your cash register to the network.
- Check the date and, if necessary, correct it.
- The current date must be greater than the previous Z-report. This is necessary to activate the current mode.
- Take X-report. For different models cash registers, the combination of keys when taking reports may differ, but in any case, the manufacturer must indicate in the instructions how to use the cash register.
- After this, zeros will appear on the machine’s screen, and this is where the cashier’s main work begins: amounts are entered, totals are summed up, and receipts are printed.
- During a shift change, the amount accumulated in the cash register register is reconciled with the cash in the cash register (an X-report is taken).
- At the end of the shift, you also need to take out the X-report, check the amount with the cash in the cash register and take out the final Z-report. In this case, the information is copied into the fiscal memory and the daily revenue counter is reset to zero.
Additional cash register functions
We have covered the main points of how to use it, now let’s move on to additional functions.
Today you can pay in every store using a plastic card. Here you will need a cashless payment option or a separate section on the cash register (this depends on the model of the equipment itself). To do this, you need to read the instructions or consult with another employee.
You also need to find out in advance how discounts work on a particular cash register (this could be simply a reduction in the amount or a specially built-in function).
To cancel an erroneous transaction or to issue a refund, there is a special button on the cash register. But here important point is also that in different organizations Such issues are approached in different ways.
We must not forget about the receipt tape in cash register equipment, because it tends to end at the most inopportune moment. Therefore, when colored stripes appear on a check, you urgently need to replace the receipt paper with a new roll:
- To do this, you need to remove the plastic cover that covers the tape.
- Remove the old roll from the rod and place the new one on it.
- Now you need to slip the end of the paper tape under the shaft and press the corresponding button on the cash register.
- Next, close the lid and tear off the blank receipt.
The receipt tape must be updated in a timely manner so that it does not end at the control receipt, otherwise a failure may occur on the cash register equipment.
So, we looked at how to use a cash register correctly. At the same time, you need to work carefully and concentratedly, since they are the ones that are checked first. Improper operation may result in penalties.
The most common cash registers
The simplest and most common cash register is commercial equipment of the Mercury brand. It appeared on the market in the 90s of the last century and since then has firmly occupied its niche. Over the years, many models of this brand have been released.
How to use the Mercury cash register
It was already mentioned above that these devices are quite easy to use. Their main work is described in four steps:
- Turn on the device and check the correct date and time.
- Setting up the cash register mode (press the "IT" button three times).
- Punching the receipt (purchase amount, pressing the "PI" and "Total" buttons, respectively).
- Removing a shift report (press the "RE" button twice and the "IT" button twice).
Other functions are described in detail in the manufacturer's instruction book for each specific model.
Cash register equipment for pharmacies
When answering the question about what kind of cash registers pharmacies use, you need to imagine the equipment of a completely new named healthcare institution or its re-equipment. In principle, any cash register is suitable for a pharmacy, but installed modern computer equipment is much more convenient to use and looks more aesthetically pleasing.
This will increase its competitiveness and attract additional customers. Such equipment is, of course, not cheap, but it pays for itself quite quickly, especially since you can get by with simpler and cheaper options to begin with. When installing such equipment, we must not forget about the reading device for plastic cards, after all this type calculation has already firmly entered our lives today.
Hi all. You most likely chose your profession out of despair. Well, did I guess right? The salary is small, frequent fines and office checks.
And also theft. But you are only responsible for the cash register. That is, for money. If it’s negative, pay from your own wallet. At the end of each shift.
Well, don't be so scared. I rose to the rank of senior cashier. In general, let's go.
* You must learn to quickly and accurately count large and small money, scan goods and give change. Don't forget about receipts. Pack your herring (and more) in free plastic bags.
* There is nothing difficult in mastering a cash register. Sometimes a return is required. This is where the first turmoil begins.
* Learn to be calm. Without iron endurance, nothing will work out for you. The work of a cashier is carried out in an endless stream of customers, among whom there are dissatisfied, angry, conflict-ridden and grumpy ones. And if you start reacting to every creature, you won’t even last a week.
* Be careful what you punch. Particularly quick ones will become distracting, talk with their teeth, carefully pushing the stroller behind their back. Take a look at it unobtrusively. If you hear any disturbances, just ignore them. They can call you names, humiliate you, insult you. An experienced cashier will do his job, remembering that the store, to put it easier for you, is a stall where there are different heads. Rough, but intelligible. If a customer scolds you, imagine yourself as a psychiatrist facing an aggravated patient. I did this, it became easier to work.
* To learn how to work at the checkout, you need to understand that no one in the store will praise or thank you. The administrator believes that you are obliged to do what he says. If you don’t like it, you’re welcome to the labor exchange.
* And here is the most important thing. Make friends with your replacement. Through thick and thin! If something happens, she will replace you, but you don’t let her down either. Remember that you are working in the same team. If you fall apart, it means someone will have to quit. It's good if there are no setups. Otherwise you will still have to pay the shortfall. I went through all this when I started working as a cashier.
* Sometimes you will be asked to replace the seller. You also place piece goods on racks located next to the cash registers. Don't forget to print out the current price tags.
* The store has its own “kitchen”. Over time, you will be initiated into it. But for this you need to learn to keep your mouth shut.
I have mink coat, an average lousy foreign car, a dacha in the Moscow region and a refrigerator packed to capacity. Despite the fact that I live without a husband, in a three-room apartment.
If you have any questions, please ask. I will answer in full.
Varvara Dmitrievna Ponomar.
The material was prepared by me, Edwin Vostryakovsky.
Persons who are allowed to perform operations on a cash register are:
We studied the rules for operating the device (technical minimum);
Have mastered the specified operating rules for CCP;
An agreement is concluded with employees who have mastered the rules that they bear financial responsibility.
Instructions for using a cash register
Before the responsible person begins to use the cash register, the director of the company must:Check the readings recorded in the operator’s log for the previous day;
Make sure that the readings match;
Enter them in the journal and certify them with a signature;
Complete the beginning of the control tape (indicate the CCP number, the start of work and meter readings, the recorded data is certified by a signature);
Give the operator the key to the cash register;
Provide the responsible person with banknotes and coins;
Provide accessories necessary for work – receipt tapes, etc.;
Warn the cashier about fraud;
Before the cashier starts using the cash register, he must:
Check whether the blocking devices are working;
Thread the tape;
Set the dater to the current operating time;
Reset numbering;
Connect the device to the network;
Check the operation of the cash register by knocking out the control checks that are attached to the report.
How to operate a cash register: when paying at the checkout, the operator must determine total amount shopping. This can be done by reading the cash register indicator or using a calculator. The received amount is called to the buyers, then the method of payment is specified.
If payment is made in cash, the cashier receives banknotes. The cashier must clearly state the amount and put the money aside. Money must be within the buyer's sight. Next the cashier prints cash receipt and gives the buyer a check with change, if he is entitled to it.
If the buyer pays with a bank card, the cashier must insert it into a special slot on the machine. Next, the buyer must enter his personal code. Since the cash register is connected to the bank terminal, the communication channel reports the buyer’s card number and confirms whether there are funds for payment on the card. After confirmation, the required amount is withdrawn from the account. Next, the operator must print the receipt and return the card to the buyer with the receipt attached.
How to use the cash register: While working, a cashier should not:
Work without a cash register;
Operate a cash register with taped tape;
Allow unauthorized persons to access the apparatus (the director or other responsible person is an exception);
Leave the place of work without warning. If there is a need to leave the cash register, the cashier must take permission and keep the keys with him;
Change the operating parameters of the cash register;
Keep your own funds in the cash register.
How to operate a cash register: upon completion of work, the director, in the presence of the operator, is obliged to:
Take meter readings;
Get a printout;
Remove the control tape;
Subscribe at the end of the feed;
Indicate on the tape the CCP number, meter readings, revenue and work completion time;
Compare the money collected at the cash register with the readings on the tape.
Operate the cash register: end of the working day:
Prepare revenue and payment documents;
To make a report;
Hand over the proceeds to the chief cashier;
Fill out the operator log.
After registration of all necessary documents and reports, the cashier must:
Prepare the cash register for next day work in accordance technical requirements;
Close the CCP with a cover and disconnect the device from the network;
Hand over the keys to the cash register and booth to the director or another responsible person on receipt.
It was procedure for operating a cash register at any enterprise that issues checks.
A cash register, according to Federal Law No. 54, must be present for every entrepreneur conducting cash transactions. Some businessmen believe that using the device is very difficult and they will not be able to master it on their own. But this is not so - once you figure it out, you will be able to work on almost any CCP model. We will tell you about how to use a cash register : There is nothing complicated about it.
General rules
Before using the cash register, be sure to read the instructions. It contains all the keyboard shortcuts and rules for punching checks. Remember that at the end of the day you need to “reset” the cash register, withdrawing from it all the cash earned during the day and filing a report in cash book.
The rules for using a cash register are quite simple.
Who can work with CCP?
Only those people who have entered into a full agreement with the business owner can operate the cash register. financial liability(or the entrepreneur himself). They must also learn how to properly operate a cash register at least at a minimum level (knock out receipts, reset the machine). You can undergo training at the KKT technical service center.
Note:Before the cash register starts operating, the individual entrepreneur or the store director, together with the cashier, must open the drive and the cash register counter, knock out the reporting receipt and check the coincidence of the amounts for the last day with the operator’s audit trail.
The director's responsibilities also include:
- entering accurate readings from the machine into the cash book, certifying the results with your signature;
- registration of the beginning of a new control tape (it indicates the number of the cash register, the start date of its use and the readings of the control register);
- issuing keys to the drive and the device itself to the responsible person;
- issuing small bills and coins to the cashier for change;
- providing employees working with the machine with cash register and ink ribbons.
Cashier responsibilities
Before starting work, a cashier must:
- check the functionality and integrity of the cash register units;
- adjust the date and time, check if the cash register is reset to zero;
- before starting work, you need to knock out a couple of zero checks, checking the functionality of the printing mechanism;
- at the end of the working day, reset the cash register and hand over the cash to the director.
Rules for working with cash registers may differ - read the instructions
How to work with CCP
Let's figure out how work with a cash register: step by step actions. First of all, turn on the device. Some devices are turned on by a button on the rear panel, some by turning the key to the REG position. The display should show zeros: this means that everything is working normally. The further algorithm of work looks like this:
- Authorization. Some cash register systems begin to work only after the employee is authorized. To do this, you will need to enter your service number and password or use a special card.
- The sale is carried out by entering the required amount. Enter the correct price for the item using the number keys. Then click the product classification button (usually they are divided into groups, for example: clothing, shoes, food). Some cash registers can read product barcodes, automatically knocking out the required amount. Then click the “Payment” or “Cash” button and the purchase will be completed.
- If you have any discounts on the full price, you can get them directly on the device. Enter it full price, then select a product category, enter the discount amount and click the “%” button (for example, 15%).
- If you need to enter multiple various items in one check, then enter their price and press the category key. Repeat this process until you have entered all the items, then click “Payment”.
- A zero check is issued simply by clicking on the “Payment” or “Cash” button.
These are the simplest rules for using a cash register. You can learn more about complex operations from the instructions for your device.
Replacing the ribbon
let's consider how to insert a tape into a cash register - this has to be done quite often, so it is necessary to bring this process to automation.
Inserting the tape is not difficult: practice a couple of times and you will learn how to
Most businessmen have already switched to “smart cash registers”; already in July of this year, such an obligation affected those entrepreneurs who were previously exempt from this. We will tell you how to work at an online cash register.
The procedure for trading organizations using cash register equipment (CCT) has changed the federal law No. 290-FZ dated 07/03/2016, which amended the current Federal Law N 54-FZ on the use of cash registers and obligated all businessmen to use cash registers exclusively with the function of transmitting data directly to the tax authorities via the Internet. At the same time, all taxpayers using old cash registers are given the opportunity to modernize them, and those who did not have a cash register at all can buy new ones.
How does the online cash register work? How does it differ from older generation technology and what will tax authorities pay attention to first? Let's try to figure it out.
How the online cash register works
The main feature of the new generation cash register is that it can not only generate and print paper checks, but also create electronic fiscal documents. At the same time, data on each transaction performed by the cashier is stored in a special fiscal storage device (FN), and is also transmitted to the tax authority through the fiscal data operator (FDO). In this case, the buyer must still receive a paper check in hand, and, if desired, an electronic copy of it in his email address or mobile device. In fact, nothing will change either for the buyer at the time of payment or for the cashier, since all processes occur very quickly and are fully automated.
Until now, old-style cash registers simply printed paper receipts and duplicated them onto a special control tape, which was stored along with reports on the cash register’s work for the shift. Tax officials had no information about the operation of a particular store until they came there to inspect it. Therefore, compliance with cash discipline consisted of the mandatory generation of a receipt for each sale, timely delivery of it to the client and correct closing of the shift. This could happen every few weeks if there was only one person manning the cash register and the number of sales was small. When stores began to use new online checkouts, the operating rules changed significantly. Now they have to close their shift at least once a day, but they no longer need to store any control tapes at all.
The algorithm of cashier actions and cash register operation according to the new rules looks like this:
- The buyer gives the cashier a payment card or money for payment.
- The cashier enters the purchase data into the cash register.
- The online cash register generates a check with the necessary details.
- Transaction data is sent to the fiscal storage.
- The check is certified by fiscal data.
- The check is processed by the fiscal storage device.
- A paper version of the check is printed.
- Transaction data is sent to the fiscal data operator (FDO).
- The OFD sends information about the receipt of the check to the fiscal drive.
- The OFD processes the information received and sends it to the Federal Tax Service.
- At the buyer's request, the cashier sends an electronic check to his email or mobile device.
Scheme of operation of the new generation CCP
It is important to understand that when working with a “smart cash register” you must comply with certain deadlines, which previously were not particularly regulated. Thus, at the beginning of each working day, the cashier is required to prepare a report on the beginning of the shift, and at the end of the same working day, to generate a report on its closure. If more than 24 hours have passed since the start of the shift, the program blocks the ability to generate receipts. In addition, if the Internet suddenly disappears, the cash register can work offline for some time, saving data to the fiscal drive. This can be no more than 30 days. If the connection is not restored within this time, the cash register will be blocked.
As for the fiscal drive itself, it has its own service life, depending on the taxation system of the trading organization or individual entrepreneur. Under preferential regimes this is at least 36 months, when combining regimes - at least 13 months. After the end of their service life, trading organizations are required to store FN for 5 years.
Working with online cash registers and the procedure for their modernization
As can be seen from the above, the main difference between old and new generation equipment is the fiscal drive. Essentially, this is a separate block that has its own unique number and service life. It stores and transmits all sales information for a certain period of time. The fiscal drive itself is a hard drive that the organization must store instead of the abolished control tape. It is noteworthy that tax authorities maintain a separate register of FN, and the use of a device that is not in this register is punishable by a fine.
In addition, new generation equipment must be able to connect to the Internet; for this there must be 2 types of special inputs: wired and wireless. Based on the principles of operation, the entire cash register system can be compared to a computer. Therefore, only those cash registers that can be connected to the Internet and to a fiscal drive can be upgraded to online. As a rule, the majority modern models cash register equipment allows this. Modernization will cost an order of magnitude cheaper than purchasing a new device. So, on average, an “upgrade” of a cash register will cost up to 6-7 thousand rubles, and buying a new one will cost from 20-30 thousand rubles. Important role The software installed on the CCP plays a role in this.
It is important to remember that you can even work on a new cash register only after it has been registered with the Federal Tax Service of Russia and an agreement has been concluded with the OFD. By the way, this service is also not free for businesses; operator services will cost about 3 thousand rubles per year. Legislators have a number of requirements for such OFDs. In particular, to conclude a contract, the operator must:
- obtain an expert opinion on the possibility of ensuring stable and uninterrupted processing of large volumes of information, with their subsequent transmission;
- ensure the confidentiality and safety of data received from the cash register;
- have a license from Roskomnadzor, FSTEC and the Federal Tax Service to provide telematic communication services.
Only if these requirements are met, an organization can be included in the OFD register posted on the Federal Tax Service website. As of July 5, 2019, there are 18 operators in this registry. You can enter into a data exchange agreement with any of them.