- Types of cars
- Features of application
- Draw machines
- Vibrating apparatus
- Eccentric machine
- Homemade option
- Drill grinder
- Popular models and costs
Wood sanding machines are widely used in industrial enterprises and in everyday life, where various surfaces are processed during production process or during construction and renovation work.
Using such a compact device, craftsmen quickly and efficiently grind or polish floors and walls, restore dilapidated furniture and clean the surface of old paintwork.
Types of cars
Modern equipment with such functionality can be divided into several types according to the operating principle and design features of grinding units. Choosing grinder woodworking, you need to focus on its purpose, for which we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main types of equipment and its features.
Tape(LSM). The main purpose of belt sanders is rough processing of wood.. Depending on the interchangeable attachment, they can also be used for processing metal and plastic parts.
Vibrating. Such samples are used where it is necessary to delicately grind the workpiece using circular movements of small amplitude. The working “sole” of the vibrating units is made in the shape of a rectangle specifically for processing corners. One of the varieties of such a device is a delta grinder, characterized by a triangular working element that provides for processing recesses and recesses, as well as hard-to-reach areas.
Eccentric (ESM) or orbital. This unit is capable of not only grinding, but also polishing, after which the material acquires a perfectly smooth surface. This effect is achieved due to the oscillatory-rotational movements of the device plate. However, it is worth noting that such equipment is not suitable for small surfaces and internal corners.
Features of application
Choosing a grinding machine for home use, make sure that this model is suitable for the intended procedures and can fully perform the assigned tasks.
Each type of sander has its own characteristics and recommendations for use, which we suggest you briefly familiarize yourself with.
Draw machines
Belt sanders are purchased by those who plan to remove an impressive layer of wood from a workpiece. In this segment, good electric tools are represented by the Bosch and Makita brands, which are very popular among craftsmen. They are excellent at processing unplaned wood and removing old, thick layers of paint from carpentry. A belt sander will come in handy if you need to adjust furniture elements or sand the ends and cut points.
The operating principle of this type of machine is the effect of abrasive material on the workpiece. Thus, an sanding belt stretched on rollers along a ring moves at a given speed, removing a thick layer of material, just like an electric plane does. The thickness of the removed layer and the quality of work can be adjusted by the grain size of the tape and the number of revolutions of the working element, and the width of the abrasive affects the area processed in one pass.
In most cases, the presented brands of belt sanders are equipped with a standard belt 76x457, 76x533 or 76x610 mm, so with their help it is convenient to process wooden material of various sizes, choosing the optimal sandpaper option. Semi-professional units can be equipped with abrasives over 100 mm wide, but home craftsmen are unlikely to need such equipment. Standard rotation speed parameters for these machines vary from 150 to 500 m/min with a power of 400 to 1200 W.
When choosing belt-type grinders, give preference to samples with speed control and automatic centering of a tensioned abrasive made from zirconium or aluminum oxide. As practice shows, for more gentle work, choose aluminum oxide tape, such as shown in the photo.
Vibrating apparatus
The principle of operation of vibration technology for sanding wood is similar to the previous version. Here the process is performed with light oscillatory-rotational movements with an amplitude of up to 5 mm using ordinary sheets of sandpaper. The type of sandpaper grit depends on the tasks at hand; this rule remains the same for all types of equipment. The abrasive material is fixed to the “sole” of the machine with Velcro or using a special clamp provided by the design of the unit.
By tradition, let’s turn to Bosch and Makita sanding machines, which are rightfully leaders in the carpentry market among similar devices. In addition to their main purpose, they remove metal products corrosive manifestations, remove paint, remove plaster and putty material. By adjusting the amplitude level, you can choose the degree of grinding, from coarse to finer. Household versions of machines have a speed of 2000 - 5000 rpm, and their oscillation speed is within 2500 per minute.
The power of such units can range from 150 to 600 W, and when purchasing a tool, these parameters are among the most important. The higher the power rating of the grinding device, the longer you can work without interruption on such equipment, and its performance will also be significantly better.
Eccentric machine
Despite some similarity between orbital sanders and vibrating samples, it is worth noting their higher performance indicators. This machine allows you to get a perfectly polished surface without much effort. The working process here is carried out using a disk element with a diameter of up to 150 mm. As an abrasive, eccentric units are equipped with emery wheels or felt attachments, which are indispensable for polishing procedures.
Even a beginner without experience can work on an eccentric unit with his own hands; the main thing is to correctly determine optimal power on the device. Returning to the representatives of the Makita and Bosch families, we note that their power varies from 200 to 650 W at speeds of up to 13,000 per minute. As with any choice grinding tool in this case, it is worth giving preference to machines with the ability to select the vibration amplitude and speed, which will make it easier to complete the assigned tasks.
An orbital wood sander from the two leading manufacturers discussed above costs from 4,000 rubles, and its cost may vary depending on the technical characteristics and equipment. In order not to overpay in vain for unnecessary options, think in advance about what and how you will do with such a machine.
Homemade option
Sometimes the price of a factory tool makes you think about making a grinder yourself, especially if you need to do a one-time job on a small scale. Many craftsmen build a grinding machine from a familiar grinder, which, in principle, is an angle grinder, but some differences still exist. It is worth remembering that the grinder operates at high speeds, and it weighs a lot, so without experience and a “stuffed” hand, it can be difficult to handle. In order for grinding with an angle grinder to give the desired result, you need to be able to use attachments and polishing wheels specially designed for such purposes. Unlike a traditional grinder, a wood grinder has much lower speed and is inferior in weight.
If you are determined to convert an angle grinder into a grinding machine for processing floors or other surfaces, which will be in no way inferior to factory samples, you will have to modify the electrical circuit of the original tool. Here you will need additional equipment grinders with a speed regulator, helping to reduce their number. You will also have to buy a set of special attachments, but this is a consumable item, and its purchase is relevant in any case.
Drill grinder
The characteristics of grinding units make it possible to produce a compact hand-held power tool from a conventional drill, for which it is equipped with an additional attachment. Depending on the nature of the work performed, a drum or disc element can act as a working attachment. The support plate with a shank for clamping into the drill chuck is made of plastic or rubber covered with sanding material. A part with a flexible shaft can be installed on a tool operating in manual mode, and if there is a rigid shaft, it is better to attach it to a securely fixed drill. If grinding is performed using abrasive drums, then the working surface of the grinding machine must be placed parallel to the axis of rotation.
As you can see, you can make a grinding machine with your own hands from a drill or grinder in a short time without resorting to complex circuits and expensive components. Such a compact device is capable of processing wooden surfaces, polishing hard materials and removing old paintwork, which is necessary when performing construction and repair procedures, as well as restoring furniture.
Popular models and costs
If you want to choose a reliable factory device, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the table containing popular equipment models, their main characteristics and estimated prices.
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We devoted previous articles to screwdrivers, grinders, chain saws, jigsaws, mixers, spray guns, crosscut saws, jackhammers, hammer drills. Today, all our attention will be focused on the tool that uses sandpaper.
Sanding or aging a wooden part, removing paint and varnish, removing rust, grinding off burrs, rubbing putty, processing plastic, polishing stone - all this and much more can be done with modern grinding machines. So, we offer the slogan: “Choose a grinder with us, choose like us, choose better than us!”
Sanding: This process causes discomfort for many, even at the mere mention of it. What can I say, grinding is a monotonous, labor-intensive, painstaking, dusty, sometimes noisy, slightly harmful operation, but, unfortunately, inevitable. Modern requirements finishing work has reached unprecedented heights, no one doubts the fact that the planes must be perfectly even and smooth. Finishing high-tech coatings are increasingly striving for thin layers and only highlight the shortcomings of the base. Even enlarged sheets with ready-made decorative coating Construction Materials have to be joined, followed by caulking/puttying or seam sealing followed by sanding. Domestic builders, finishers and shop workers (manufacturers of furniture, carpentry, stone products, bulk polymers, metal) are slowly but surely getting used to new standards, previously unknown.
Fortunately, the materiel did not lag behind for long: the working people are helped to cope with the task by a highly specialized, relatively inexpensive tool - grinding machines, which we can no longer do without. Gone in the past is the painfully familiar sandpaper attached to wooden block, or clutched in the hands. The leaders of capitalist production have produced many, many wonderful professional grinding devices designed for any occasion, without neglecting home craftsmen - those who like to create something with their own hands. Understand the variety of grinders and make right choice It’s actually not difficult, the main thing is to know what a particular tool is intended for, and also to clearly understand what tasks you will set for the grinder.
It is customary to distinguish three main types of grinding machines: belt, eccentric (orbital), surface grinding (vibrating). They all have their own specialization and form a unique cascade of capabilities, ranging from fast rough processing to delicate finishing grinding. Many of those who are closely associated with grinding “on duty” have in their arsenal a full set of tools of this class. Belt sanders are the heavy artillery for removing large layers from large surfaces. PShMs are oriented towards finishing. And ESMs are capable of producing even better results, bordering on polishing, but, compared to vibration machines, they have a different operating principle and a different filling.
Belt sanders
Above, we inadvertently called the belt sander heavy artillery; in fact, it would be more appropriate to say “tank”. The working element of this well-recognized tool is an abrasive belt, glued together in the form of an endless ring, which moves along two end rollers and clearly resembles the track of a tracked vehicle. Such units are relatively powerful, they have a relatively simple reliable design(angular gearbox plus V-belt drive), low center of gravity, solid speed of movement of the abrasive material. Using a belt sander, you can easily remove a layer of material of a few millimeters, make an edge or rounding on a workpiece, or remove old paintwork or rust. The following are subject to it: wood, metal, polymers, mineral building materials... Clear the paint from the floors - yes, correct the planed timber - please, level up the putty wall with defects - no problem. However, it is worth understanding that high performance is not best friend quality, there will definitely be scratches and chips. For finishing sanding you will need to use an orbital or surface sander.
It is no secret that the performance of an electric tool is directly proportional to the power consumption of its motor - the higher it is, the more we can squeeze out of a particular unit. In the case of LSM, the consumer has the opportunity to choose from models with a motor from 0.5 to 1.2 kW (Skil Masters 7660MA - 1200 W).
Please note that tools from Chinese brands are often declared with inflated engine power ratings, or, if there really are stated watts, they are not balanced with the rest of the characteristics of the device. Record power is boasted by those manufacturers who have nothing else to show, except perhaps the heavy weight and bulkiness of the “unique” product.
The next important characteristic for a belt sander is speed. Obviously, it also needs to be taken into account to determine the capabilities of the tool. A fast machine will do more, but it will not be possible to pin it down if its outstanding speed is not supported by additional power. This is all due to the notorious torque, which says that the more speed a tool has, the less power it has left. A responsible manufacturer carefully balances these characteristics and makes them mutually changeable, for which smart electronics are sometimes responsible. The belt speed in these grinders can be in the range of 150-550 meters per minute (Fiolent MSHL1-100 - 550 m/min).
The question may arise: why produce fast, but relatively weak blades at all? It’s just that a super-productive (fast and at the same time strong) car is more difficult to control, it is heavier, larger, and more expensive. If pressed excessively, it can easily ruin the workpiece. In turn, with maneuverable high-speed lightweights it is convenient to treat the surface in a short time, often “on the spot” large area. If you don’t yet know what kind of loads await the grinder, choose a slower model that can be pressed a little, so it will be more versatile. Even more versatile are blade grinders with the ability to preset the speed mode (Sparky MBS 976, DeWalt DW433). Among them there are options with smooth or stepped adjustments.
It's time to talk about electronic systems that help in working with belt sanders. These machines are not rich in electronic components, compared to other types of electric tools. Everything is usually limited to regulating the speed of the belt. The switch responsible for this function is made in the form of a slider or a wheel with divisions. There are models with overheating protection (Metabo BAE 75). With some stretch, this includes the function of fixing the start button in the on position.
The situation is much more interesting with mechanical “bells and whistles”. The kit may include a stand or special clamps designed for stationary fastening of the tool (very convenient for processing small parts). The grinding frame serves as a kind of limiter that helps to avoid damage to the workpiece. A rip fence or miter gauge is useful for obtaining an accurate bevel or a smooth, parallel surface. The thin front roller in some LBMs (Black&Decker KA88) has a small diameter, which allows the dead zone in the inner corners to be reduced to a minimum. Automatic centering of the belt (the cunning barrel-shaped shape of one of the rollers) does not allow the latter to treacherously slide off at the most inopportune moment. An additional handle with variable tilt or removable will significantly increase the functionality of the machine in “squeezed” places - sometimes noticeably.
Special attention should be paid to the dimensions of the working plane - the sole, respectively, the length and width of the tape. Wide soles (100 mm) are typical for powerful professional models, making them more stable and productive. The hobby class is usually limited to 75 millimeters. The long and wide sole of expensive blades has complex design, consisting of a substrate and an elastic plate, which allows for constant uniform contact of the emery with the part; such a tool “holds the plane” well. It is necessary to mention “ribbons” with narrow equipment - these are the so-called “electric files”, which are not very powerful and versatile, but specialists value them for their unprecedented compactness (for example, Makita 9032 with a tape only 9 mm wide).
All belt machines have a dust removal system, but not all of them work equally effectively. The fight against dust is carried out either using a vacuum cleaner connected through the pipe, or by collecting it in a bag with a built-in filter. Of course, a vacuum cleaner is preferable, especially when sanding mineral substrates. In ultra-cheap models, the impeller responsible for air suction does not cope with its function, the channels quickly become clogged, and a lot of harmful “flour” remains in the air.
Surface grinding (vibrating) machines
If we take into account the cleanliness of the processing of parts, then surface grinders occupy an intermediate position between belt and orbital ones. With their help, they carry out finishing grinding of flat surfaces made of a wide variety of materials - plastic, wood, stone, metal... Thanks to the relatively large working plane, the PSM is suitable for working with serious quadrature. The secret to the popularity of vibrating sanders lies in their moderate cost, the availability of equipment elements, and the absence of dead processing zones (the flat out-mounted sole easily handles corners).
The main working body of a surface grinder is a plate, which makes frequent reciprocating movements with a small amplitude. The motor in such machines is located vertically, which makes it possible to use the “eccentric-counterweight” tandem rotational movements transfer the shaft into translational movements of the platform.
Most vibrating grinders traditionally boast a motor power of 150-300 W; they are quite maneuverable, moderately light and compact. Similar level power plant almost always enough. However, such unanimity among manufacturers would be, at least, strange - there are models with a power of up to 600 W (Makita 9046). They are, of course, heavier and larger, but can work at low speeds for a long time without overheating.
The most important indicator of the PSM is the amplitude of the sole stroke. It may vary in different models, although it is invariably a relatively small value. On average for the class, the platform moves by 1-3 mm; in more mobile models figures of 5-6 mm may appear (Festool RS 100). A larger amplitude helps to polish the surface faster, but such processing will also be rougher.
Another nuance is the frequency of the sole stroke. At high speed the machine will quickly remove a relatively thicker layer, while at lower speed it is easier to achieve a precise finish sanding. Some manufacturers make the frequency of movement of the platform variable, exceeding 20,000 strokes per minute (Bosch GSS 280 AE L-BOXX), which allows you to adapt to the processing of different types of materials and the characteristics of specific surfaces.
When choosing a vibrating sander, special attention must be paid to the platform. With its dimensions, everything is quite simple, there are two options: a kind of “standard” and “mini” models - the plate area is about 100 mm 2 (Makita BO4557, Sparky MP 250). Toddlers are good for tight, tight spaces. Obviously, the sole must be of high quality, perfectly flat, with clear geometric shapes. Budget machines are equipped with a platform made of steel or high-strength plastic, while more expensive analogues are equipped with cast platforms made of alloys containing aluminum or magnesium (Festool RS 100). A good sole is characterized by precise balancing, which is easily determined by a low degree of vibration when operating without load (idling). It is also important what the pad is made of; the most suitable option is a porous polymer; it “holds” the plane better than rubber.
Vibratory grinders with a delta-shaped platform are included in a separate class; they are popularly called “irons” (Hitachi SV12SH, Makita BO4565). Due to their miniature size and good cross-country ability, they are used for processing objects with small details and complex surfaces such as furniture, carpentry, staircase elements, car body. Their triangular platforms are rotary - you can continue to work unevenly “eaten” by a petal of sandpaper (Festool Deltex DX 93E) or removable (with quick installation of another type of platform - for concave/convex surfaces, for structuring, polishing, rubbing).
Emery can be attached to the site in different ways. It is more convenient when the paper is secured with Velcro, but special equipment is relatively expensive. The option with spring-loaded clamps is somewhat more complicated, but you can use inexpensive sanding paper that you cut yourself (you just need to make holes in the right places for dust removal).
The fight against fine dust, which inevitably forms when using a grinder, poses many challenges for developers. They have to work hard to protect all mechanisms. In this case, special motor sealing, protected bearings and switches, an impenetrable housing, and a channel system with forced dust extraction are used. To remove dust from working area and does not saturate the air, it is directed into a collection bag or filter; in most cases, a vacuum cleaner can be connected to the nozzle - this is the most effective method of protection.
Eccentric (orbital) sanders
This type of sander is designed for high quality processing. Delicate grinding and even polishing are their element, although the performance of such devices can be no less impressive than vibration machines. They can handle any material; most often you will find ESMs among woodworkers and car painters. When working with profile, volumetric, curved objects, eccentric sanders have no equal, and they also have no problems with planes. The only place where such a machine fails is in corners and small recesses - the “plate” simply won’t reach there.
Just like surface grinding units, “orbitals” have an eccentric and a counterweight, with the help of which the round grinding plate not only moves around its axis, but also along an “orbit” with a small amplitude. Interestingly, axial movement usually occurs by inertia, and in some models it is forced (via a gear transmission - Kress 900 MPS). This complex movement of the working blade, coupled with the highest rotation speed, is what makes it possible to obtain a surface of excellent quality, without depressions, waves and scratches.
From 200 to 900 watts - this is how much the motors of modern electric motors consume. Those that are more powerful will naturally be more productive; they can easily handle a larger sole, up to 150 mm in diameter (for example, the 400-watt Bosch GEX 125-150 AVE or Interskol EShM-150/600E).
Bosch GEX 125-150 AVE
Orbital machines also have differences in the speed of translational motion. If we talk about rotation, this figure can be from 4 to 14 thousand eccentric revolutions per minute for models with adjustment (Metabo SXE 425), and about 12,000 for models without it. If we talk about the concept of “fluctuation”, then these figures will be half as much. In fact, everything is simple here: the higher the speed, the rougher the processing will be, but the faster the work can be done.
The eccentric of orbital machines may not have the same “span” - from 2 to 7 mm (Festool WTS 150/7 E-Plus). This is called the amplitude of the oscillation. The smaller it is, the less vibration the device generates, the more compact the plate moves, the smaller the area we process, but the cleaner the grinding will be. In some ESMs, the operator can set a certain amplitude, affecting the productivity and fineness of grinding.
Compared to their counterparts (LSM and PShM), “orbitals” are usually well equipped with electronics. We have already talked about setting speed and amplitude, in addition to this professional tool They are equipped with an automatic frequency maintenance system (Bosch GEX 150 Turbo) so that it does not drop under load - this is constant electronics. Some models have an electrodynamic brake (AEG EX150ED K), which, after turning off the “start” button, instantly stops the work plate, preventing damage to the workpiece and reducing the possibility of injury. For powerful professional machines, a starting current limiter can be provided (Makita BO6040 ), which smoothly accelerates the tool, preventing a starting jerk and protecting the network from short-term, but significantly increased load.
One of the very nice options is the removable network cable, adjustable or removable front handle, locking start button, functional dust removal.
Be sure to pay attention to the type of sanding pad. Firstly, if you need particularly delicate processing, do not chase a large plate; by the way, it has a larger dead zone and an amplitude of about 5-7 mm. The plate, made of metal, has stability, high strength and excellent heat dissipation. The elastic plate copes well with convex surfaces. All of them have Velcro for fixing the sandpaper and holes for dust extraction. These holes from individual manufacturers may vary in size, number and location; according to this feature, you need to select the appropriate equipment.
If the financial issue is not the least important, then for your home workshop you can purchase a model from the “hobby” category. Good examples are offered by Makita, Black&Decker, Skil, Sparky, Bosch. Look towards the domestic manufacturer - Interskol and Fiolent have noticeably improved in terms of the quality and functionality of their tools.
Pay attention to the weight and dimensions of the product you are interested in, especially if a lot of work is planned “on the spot”, on weight, on outstretched arms. Give preference to a car that is not too powerful, but rather a faster one; it will be lighter, more compact and cheaper. But for regular operations on a workbench, the large weight of the device will be more of a plus than a minus.
Be sure to thoroughly “feel” the grinder and find the one that best suits your ergonomics. Decide on the type of main and additional handle; most likely you will have to choose between a “mushroom” and a “brace”. See if the switches are conveniently located and how they work, how easy it is to change the equipment, and whether the power cord is in the way.
Check the moving parts of the product for play. Look at the accuracy of the fit of the body parts. Turn on the car in a tool store, at least at idle speed, evaluate the level of noise and vibration. Ask about the cost, range and possibility of interchangeability of consumables.
Weigh all the pros and cons, take your time with the choice, then the whole repair will go smoothly.
Wood as one of the most popular and convenient finishing materials does not cause any particular difficulties during processing.
But to achieve a perfectly smooth surface, for example, under varnish, ordinary carpentry tools will not work. A wood sander can speed up and facilitate leveling.
This multifunctional device is presented on the market in various modifications, differing in design and application features.
Types of cars
There are several main types of sanders for household use on sale. Each grinding machine has its own design features and mechanism of action.
For carpentry, joinery, construction and repair work, the following types of power tools are chosen:
- belt sander for wood (LSM) designed for rough and aggressive processing of surfaces, including plastic and metal;
- brush sanders They allow you to highlight the texture of wood, removing more soft fibers, and remove layers of varnish and old paint. The working part is a roller on which a metal or abrasive nylon brush is mounted;
- Vibratory grinder (VShM) used for a softer finish. Gentle processing occurs due to circular movements and the small amplitude of the working tool. The sole has rectangular shape, which makes cleaning corners easier;
- delta sander- a type of flat vibratory sander with a triangular-shaped sole. This device is suitable for processing hard-to-reach places and small areas, as well as recesses, corners, and irregularities;
- eccentric sander– a power tool that allows you to bring the surface being treated to an ideal condition, including plywood. This task is accomplished through rotational and oscillatory movements sanding pad. The device has a high degree of productivity, but cannot be used for cleaning internal corners and small surfaces.
A wood sander is an indispensable tool for processing walls, floors, interior items and other decorative elements. It can speed up the process of grinding and polishing surfaces made of natural materials several times.
Angle grinder capabilities, discs for it
A grinder (angle grinder) can also be used for sanding wood. It can be used for rough processing.
This tool allows you to quickly clean wooden surfaces, in particular sand floors and walls. This universal device is capable of performing a variety of operations, with appropriate wheels for each: cutting, grinding and roughing (grinding).
A grinder can cut metal, stone, and wood. But it is not advisable to saw boards and other wood, otherwise the tool will overheat greatly. Saw blades for wood grinders resemble modern models of saws, but other alloys are used for their manufacture. The only drawback of an angle grinder is the presence of various irregularities after work, which then take a long time to level out.
For grinding work, special red wheels are used. A good option– use of petal or disc wheels with a grain size suitable for each case.
Considering that the working plane is located under the protective casing, performing specific actions does not pose a danger to humans, which makes it possible to move the tool in any direction. The main thing is to be careful when working with surfaces that have protruding heads of screws and nails.
Note! To make it easier and faster to replace sandpaper, it is recommended to install an attachment with a sticky surface on the grinder.
Draw machine
In a belt sander for wood, the working element is represented by a belt fixed around two rollers. During their movement, the tape attached to the sole is driven into working condition and rotates at the required speed. It is the speed that is considered an important indicator of the operation of this device and it depends on the power, which can be in the range of 500-1200 W. There are tools equipped with an additional speed regulator, which allows you to select the most optimal option for each type of surface.
Belt sizes vary depending on the modification of the sanding machine. This indicator is the highest for the most functional device. At the same time, the weight and dimensions of the structure will also be significant. When choosing a power tool, special attention should be paid to the grain size of the tape used. For ease of work, it is necessary to have several types of tapes with different grain sizes. One type of belt sander for wood is a brush device that performs the roughest processing.
Orbital (eccentric) sander
According to the principle of operation, this device for processing wooden surfaces is similar to a VShM. The main distinguishing indicator is the higher productivity of the vibratory sander. In addition, processing is carried out more accurately and delicately thanks to the complex trajectory of the grinding element. The grinding is carried out with discs with a diameter of 15 cm. Abrasive circles of suitable grain size are molded onto them.
The disadvantage of an eccentric machine is the formation of excessive amounts of dust. But manufacturers supply models equipped with effective dust collectors, which allow work to be carried out in enclosed spaces.
Vibrating sander
The sole of a vibration-type technique can be triangular (iron) or rectangular. During processing, she performs circular movements with a small amplitude. The machine is used for those cases when it is necessary to obtain high-quality surface, for example, for restoring furniture before applying stain or varnish. Sanding is required especially carefully, since all flaws will be clearly visible through the transparent layer of the finishing coat. At the same time, the device has low performance.
Note! It is better to choose a rectangular sole for finishing large areas, and for corners and hard-to-reach places it is advisable to use a triangular shape.
When working with a vibrating sander, be sure to remove debris, any solids, grains of sand so that small circles - marks - do not form on the surface. To remove such defects you will need abrasive wheel with the smallest grain size. The surface of the wood to be treated must be thoroughly cleaned with a vacuum cleaner.
Oscillating wood sander
This electric tool is a multi-functional resurfacer that is also capable of sanding wood surfaces. It differs from other tools in its budget price and very low power consumption. With its help you can process sharp corners and places near vertical walls. To carry out this manipulation, a special triangular platform is installed on the grinding machine, to which a grinding wheel on a self-adhesive base is attached. In addition, the device makes it possible to effectively clean the floor from glued linoleum and tiles, create slots, and cut communication lines.
During operation, the sole moves in a horizontal plane with minimal amplitude, the tops of the platform deviate by an average of 2.5 mm (1.7 degrees). Due to these movements, surface treatment is carried out. This device can be used for grinding corners and other hard-to-reach areas. The machine does an excellent job not only of removing wood, but also of smeared or dried glue. In general, the oscillating machine is used for finishing in places where other machines cannot cope due to their low productivity or sanding spot.
Criterias of choice
When purchasing a specific model of grinding equipment, you should take into account the tasks that the power tool must perform in the future. The choice of professional or household equipment depends on this.
Professional wood sanders are ideal for long, active and continuous work. They will cost much more than household tools. For use without significant loads and long-term work, you should give preference to simpler grinders. If the choice is between professional device and ordinary ones, it is better to purchase the first option, despite its high cost. If the second one was chosen, then when working with it it is recommended to subject the device to less heavy loads. You need to pause every 3 hours. Only following simple operating rules will extend the life of the tool.
It is also important to consider the type of work for which the grinder is selected. For processing smooth surfaces, the optimal solution would be to purchase a belt sander. If there is a need for sanding or polishing decorative wooden products, it is recommended to purchase eccentric models. The ratio of the cost of consumables and upcoming costs during operation of the device also needs to be taken into account.
If you intend to use the grinding machine indoors, then you should pay attention to equipment with a built-in dust collector or the ability to connect a vacuum cleaner. Considering that the process of sanding surfaces will generate a lot of dust, you need to prepare for it to appear everywhere. Cleaning a room manually takes a lot of effort and time.
The length of the cord plays a significant role when choosing a sander model. Since it is inconvenient to work with a device on a short cord, and it is not always possible to use an extension cord.
We sell battery-powered tools that are useful for work in the country and in houses where electricity has not yet been installed. The cost of such models is high.
When choosing a device, you should test the location of the handles, check whether it is convenient to switch modes, and how difficult it is to hold the machine in your hands.
Manufacturers and models
Among the most popular factory devices, characterized by a high degree of reliability, are the following grinding machines:
- Makita 9924 DB. The device has a power of 850 W, a speed of 210-400 m/min and a weight of 4.5 kg. Price 15930 rub.;
- Bosch GBS 75 AE. The grinding equipment has a power of 750 W, a speed of 200-330 m/min and weighs 3.4 kg. Price 15050 rub.;
- Sparky MBS 976. The model is produced with a power of 900 W, a speed of 160-340 m/min, and a weight of 3.4 kg. Price 6582 rub.;
- AEG BBSE 1100. Main operating parameters: power 1010 W, speed 230-400 m/min, weight 5 kg. Price 15,470 rubles;
- Skil 7640 MA. The device has a power of 950 W, a speed of 340 m/min and a weight of 3.6 kg. Price 6100 rub.
Of course, there are a large number of other models of sanders. The Interskol and Zubr brands are in demand; Hitachi, KRESS, and DeWalt products are worthy of attention. The price range is very wide and depends not only on the manufacturer, but also on the region of sale. Some DIY enthusiasts make homemade grinders using old broken equipment, drills, and hard drives. In terms of performance, such devices are unlikely to compare with factory tools, but they will save money.
Article outline
Sanders are good for more than just smoothing lumber. Removing layers of paint, rough processing of metal, fine finishing of surfaces before finishing work- here is an incomplete list of processes subject to the lucky one with a grinder.
In this article we offer you:
- consider the rating of grinding machines;
- determine the range of proposed work;
- choose the appropriate equipment.
| Criterias of choice | Feature Options | Distinctive properties and features of the equipment |
|---|---|---|
| Power type | From the mains | Wide power range. Electronic control systems are used to the maximum. You can choose a tool for working with wood, metal, plastic. |
| From battery | Light weight, mobility. Suitable for small one-time jobs at room temperature. | |
| Pneumatic | Simplicity of design. Long-term operation without overheating and excessive wear of critical components. To operate efficiently, you need a powerful compressor. | |
| Method of movement of the working unit with consumables | Straight-line continuous feed of abrasive | Band tools – for rough or fine processing of large volumes (lumber, sheet metal and products made from them). Brush – for textured surfaces(processing of embossed steel sheets, artificial aging wood). |
| Vibration without rotation | Reciprocating movements with a small stroke amplitude provide high-quality results for fine floor grinding and polishing processes wooden decor and treatment of walls and ceilings before painting. | |
| Orbital (rotating) eccentric with vibration | High productivity in cleaning, grinding, polishing (cars, furniture, interior decoration, processing of metal structures). | |
| Type of moving part of the tool | Straight shaft | Precise work with small details of carved elements made of wood and plastic. Only straight CMM models. |
| Circle | Rough cleaning and fine polishing of any surfaces. | |
| Corner options (“delta”, “iron”, with an additional corner) | Efficient processing of shaped products ( door leaf, decoration of an arched opening, joints of metal structures). | |
| Rectangle | Belt and surface grinding tools. For pshm, this base shape combines the capabilities of round and triangular soles. | |
| Method of consumable fixation | "Velcro" (Velcro) | Large hooks are optimal for working with wood. Small - for circles for processing painted metal, putty surfaces. |
| Mechanical clamps | Preparing walls, plywood, furniture panels for painting. | |
| Collet | Direct CMM. For precision machining of small wooden, metal and plastic parts; high-quality cleaning of hard-to-reach areas. | |
| Drive and driven shafts | Tape models. Treatment construction lumber(timbers, boards). Preparation of wood products (countertops, stair steps, furniture panels, floor coverings) and metal for painting. | |
| Vibration amplitude (orbit), mm | Up to 5 | Fine grinding, polishing wood, metal, plastic, glass. The lower the declared value, the more accurately the top layer is removed. |
| Over 5 | Rough surface treatment of timber and lumber, removal of paintwork and traces of corrosion from metal surfaces. | |
| Variable | The design of the gearbox allows you to work with the desired amplitude (no more than 2 options) required for a specific task (material). | |
| Weight, kg | Up to 2 | Ease of use on walls and ceilings. |
| Over 2 | Effective: polishing, grinding and cleaning surfaces (car body, buildings and wood products, metal structures) located below the level of the master’s shoulders. |
Before you begin to familiarize yourself with the capabilities of the most popular models, you should remember two facts:
- Each variety has a fairly narrow range of applications. Multifunctionality is characteristic only of renovators, but the volume of work that MFPs can handle does not allow them to be considered as the main tool, even for an enthusiastic amateur;
- the opinion that an angle grinder (angle grinder) in in capable hands capable of coping with any task (from removing paint to sharpening drills and saw chains) is not supported by reliable facts. In 99 cases out of 100, such “versatility” is associated with a violation of safety regulations.
| Model | Name / dimensions of the consumable, (L-length, B-width, h-depth, D-diameter), mm | Amplitude/frequency of oscillations, mm/number. in a minute | Work rate, per minute | Power, W | Weight, kg | Average price, rub. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belt grinding machines (rough grinding of lumber after or instead of sharpening; removal of relief, cleaning of sheet metal) | |||||||
| Tape / L-456, B-76 | — | 260 m | 800 | 3.1 | 3326 | ||
| Tape / L-457, B-76 | — | 270 m | 650 | 2.7 | 7699 | ||
| Tape / L-533, B-75 | — | 450 m | 1010 | 4.9 | 16299 | ||
| Surface grinding equipment (cleaning and grinding of parts and products made of metal, wood and plastic) | |||||||
| Delta sanding paper / L-140, B-85 | 1.4 / 11000 | — | 125 | 0.9 | 1618 | ||
| Rectangle sanding paper / L-230, B-115 | 2.4 / 10500 | — | 300 | 2.3 | 2490 | ||
| Rectangle sanding paper / L-228, B-93 | 2 / 22000 | — | 190 | 1.6 | 3970 | ||
| Random orbital sanders (preparation for painting, intermediate sanding and polishing of plastic, metal and wood surfaces) | |||||||
| Emery wheel D-150 | 3.2-6.4 / 8000-20000 | 4000-10000 rpm | 440 | 2.8 | 8683 | ||
| Emery wheel D-150 | 5 / 5000-10000 | 10000 rpm | 450 | 2.1 | 14350 | ||
| Emery wheel D-150 | 5.5 / 180-670 | 1600-5800 rpm | 750 | 2.8 | 20986 | ||
| Corner grinding machines (rough cleaning of metal surfaces, ends and welding seams; cutting of rolled metal; cleaning of hard-to-reach areas of wooden structures) | |||||||
| Emery wheel D-125 | — | 1100 rev. | 950 | 2.6 | 2020 | ||
| Emery wheel D-230 | — | 6500 rpm | 2100 | 6.6 | 5140 | ||
| Emery wheel D-150 | — | 9000 rpm | 1450 | 2.5 | 8250 | ||
| Brush sanders (cleaning and grinding of embossed metal, artificial aging of wood) | |||||||
| Brush D-120 | — | 3000 rpm | 1400 | 3.35 | 8209 | ||
| Brush D-100 | — | 3500 rpm | 860 | 4.2 | 25310 | ||
| Brush D-115 | — | 750-3000 rpm | 1400 | 3.4 | 35265 | ||
Belt grinding mills (rough grinding of lumber after or instead of sharpening; removal of relief, cleaning of sheet metal).
at prices starting from RUB 3,326.
A budget belt model with an adjustable additional handle, designed for rough cleaning and longitudinal sanding of coatings over large areas. Adjusting the rotation speed of the abrasive belt allows you to select the optimal mode for working with wood, plastic and metal. The design of the tool (an opening cover above the driven shaft) provides the ability to process cavities whose depth does not exceed 80 mm. The driven shaft protruding beyond the housing makes it possible to process surfaces limited by straight and turned corners. Despite the presence of a locking start key and a powerful motor, the tool is not intended for intensive use.
- A 10-minute break after half an hour of continuous work,
- periodic blowing of air ducts,
- timely maintenance,
are the guarantor of many years of trouble-free operation of the Bort BBS-801N model in conditions of non-professional use.
Watch a short video about the Bort BBS-801N model, revealing the features of control and configuration of the instrument:
at prices starting from RUB 7,699.
Light weight and low power do not interfere with cleaning the coating, sanding irregularities, or polishing paintwork. Obtaining a high-quality result on any surface is made possible thanks to the smooth adjustment of the belt rotation speed. Convenience of working with long construction moldings is provided by:
- location of controls,
- ergonomic handle at the front of the sander,
- autonomous dust collector,
- simple mechanism for tensioning the tape.
The simplicity of the equipment does not affect the results of the CMM operation. Given that correct adjustment(speed, shaft alignment) of the tool before starting work, productivity and quality will be at a professional level.
Watch a video about custom mounting and use of the Makita 9911 model:
at prices starting from RUB 16,299.
One of the advantages of the model is the patented engine control system. With its help, stable rotation of the belt is ensured. Regardless of how hard you press the tool against the surface being processed. Given the weight and power of the sander, intensive lumber processing tasks will not be difficult even for a novice carpenter.
Embodied in the BAE 75 design:
- smooth start,
- trigger fixation,
- adjustable front handle,
- conveniently located controls,
- own vacuum cleaner and the ability to connect an external vacuum cleaner,
- a long tape that can be quickly replaced without auxiliary tools,
determine the reliability and ease of maintenance of well-balanced equipment. This explains the popularity of the far-from-budget version of CMM among professional builders.
Watch a video review on the capabilities and equipment of the Metabo BAE 75:
Surface grinding equipment (cleaning and grinding of parts and products made of metal, wood and plastic).
at prices starting from RUB 1,618.
Compact tool PShM-32/130 with a delta-shaped sole for fine grinding at corner joints and on a relief surface (a paneled door made of solid wood, for example). Access to any corner is ensured by the tapered sole. The combination of minimal amplitude and low vibration frequency of the platform guarantees professional quality:
- when removing single-layer coatings (coarse-grain consumables are needed);
- when sanding smooth changes (fine sandpaper will be required);
- during dry polishing of protective layers paint and varnish materials(if you have a suitable soft nozzle).
The connection of the consumable to the sole is made using the Velcro system (also known as Velcro), which securely holds the abrasive sheet during operation. If you do not have the necessary consumables, they can be cut out of sandpaper with a felt layer. For full operation of the built-in dust removal system, it is necessary to make holes in the self-cut sheets according to the sole template. The main thing is not to expose this amateur instrument constant intense loads, and blowing compressed air all holes upon completion of work.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| "delta" / sandpaper L-140, B-85 | |
| Abrasive fastening | Velcro |
| 1.4 / 11000 | |
| Power, W | 130 |
| Model options |
|
| Additional equipment | Sanding paper kit |
| Weight, kg | 0.9 |
| Development/production | Russia / China |
| Cost, rub. | 1618 |
Watch a short video review revealing the features of the configuration and design of the PShM-32/130 model:
at prices starting from RUB 2,490.
The declared characteristics and low cost explain the popularity with a rectangular sole. The tool copes with leveling the outer corners of gypsum boards, reinforced with polymer putty, and with lumber, and with single-layer paint and varnish coatings. And thorough cleaning, timely replacement of consumables and monitoring the condition of loaded structural elements even allow you to count on long-term (non-intensive) operation. After all, the main purpose of this model is high-quality and unhurried work with wood, as indicated by:
- weight acceptable for processing horizontal planes;
- ability to adjust the vibration frequency of the sole;
- start button isolated from wood dust.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Platform/consumable L-length B-width, mm | “rectangle” / sandpaper L-230, B-115 |
| Abrasive fastening | Clamps |
| Amplitude/frequency of oscillations at idle, mm/number. in a minute | 2.4 / 10500 |
| Power, W | 300 |
| Model options |
|
| Additional equipment | Dust collector, sanding paper. |
| Weight, kg | 2.3 |
| Development/production | Russia / China |
| Cost, rub. | 2490 |
Watch a short video review of the capabilities of the Interskol PShM-115/300E tool:
at prices starting from RUB 3,970.
Thanks to an effective system for removing dust from the work area and the presence of electronic adjustment of the oscillation frequency, the model is deservedly popular among professionals. It is difficult for an amateur to appreciate the potential of the Makita 3711. After all, after processing unassembled joinery, another device will be needed to clean the internal corners (its own 2 mm stroke does not allow working in the corners of three planes). Therefore, the combination of vibration amplitude, the area of the surface being processed, and the variable rate of vibration of the sole determine the narrow profile of the tool. It is designed for fine workmanship with dissimilar materials, without volume restrictions.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Platform/consumable L-length B-width, mm | “Rectangle” / sanding paper L-228, B-93 |
| Abrasive fastening | Spring clamps |
| Amplitude/frequency of oscillations at idle, mm/number. in a minute | 2 / 22000 |
| Power, W | 190 |
| Model options |
|
| Additional equipment | Plastic jig for holes in sandpaper, dust collector. |
| Weight, kg | 1.6 |
| Development/production | Japan / Japan, Germany, China |
| Cost, rub. | 3970 |
Watch a short video review of the Makita 3711 sander:
Random orbital sanders (preparation for painting, intermediate sanding and polishing of plastic, metal and wood).
at prices starting from RUB 8,683.
- one of the universal sanders that has:
- vibration intensity adjustment,
- 2 vibration amplitude options,
- the ability to connect a bag or vacuum cleaner to the dust removal system;
Simplicity and reliability in use thanks to the Velcro abrasive fastening, durable plastic and molded base of the sole, as well as dust-proof controls. When an amateur simply uses a tool for a long time and gets an acceptable result, then professionals use the potential consciously, because they know that:
- “strangling” this grinder is not easy (the stabilization system instantly recognizes even insignificant pressure and regulates engine speed, preventing equipment wear);
- smooth start, sole brake eliminates damage to the surface being treated
- Properly implemented dust removal prevents premature wear of the working parts of the tool.
Watch a video review revealing all the features of the AEG EX 150 ES:
at prices starting from RUB 14,255.
- light weight,
- powerful engine,
- optimal vibration amplitude,
- worthy of the implemented dust removal and cooling system for the power unit
characteristic only of professional equipment. The presence of a system that controls the rotation speed (depending on the force applied to the tool) and a properly balanced two-handed body also indicate that the ER 05TE belongs to the category of sanders intended for intensive use. After all, regardless
- a vacuum cleaner or dust collector is connected to the dust extractor,
- what grain fraction is on the abrasive paper used,
- how long did the master work today,
The instrument rests equally firmly on the sole and can be controlled effortlessly even with one hand.
Watch a short video about the ease of operation of the Rupes ER 05TE sander:
at a price of RUB 20,986.
Models present in the arsenal
- 2 grinding options,
- speed stabilization system and soft start
- possibility of changing the speed of rotation of the sole,
directly indicate the versatility of the equipment. Rough and fine grinding of wood, metal and plastics, polishing paintwork on any of these materials is carried out quickly and efficiently.
In addition to the stated functionality, dust removal, carried out (by means of an impeller or an external vacuum cleaner) through holes in the sole, is also of considerable importance. The vertical location of the engine and a properly balanced body and handles with rubberized inserts reduce the load on the user’s hands during long-term operation. The bristles of the fastening system (“Velcro”) hold the abrasive sheet well at any speed and do not tend to become clogged with small particles, even when sanding gypsum-polymer coatings.
Watch a short video review describing the capabilities of the Makita BO6040 tool:
Corner welding machines (rough cleaning of metal surfaces, ends and welding seams; cutting of rolled metal; cleaning of hard-to-reach areas of wooden structures).
at prices starting from RUB 2,020.
By equipping the model with a thick (grinding) disc, you can:
- clear out welding seams from slag
- get rid of pockets of corrosion
- grind large burrs on metal and irregularities on stone.
Using thin (cutting) wheels, this tool can quickly cut sheet and shaped metal products.
The ability to install an additional handle on the left or right side of the gearbox housing and fix the protective cover in any position makes working with the tool convenient and safe in different situations. But the most important feature of the 125-950 model is that there is no second such angle grinder (with similar characteristics) for non-intensive use on the domestic market.
Watch a video review of the model Zubr ushm 125-950:
at a price of 5,340 rub.
The declared potential and impressive appearance of the 230/2100 model indicate the advisability of using heavy angle grinders only by professional builders. This CMM is capable of:
- Cleaning deep cuts, from 6 mm wide
- rough grinding of planes and welded joints
- sawing metal structures and chipping concrete walls,
The main handle, which rotates (with locking) by 1800, allows you to work without reducing productivity in any position. The relatively low spindle speed does not affect the quality of work. It is designed in such a way that at the edges installed disk(D 230mm) the optimal speed of movement of the abrasive edge was maintained (no more than 80 m/s).
Protection against accidental start-up provides an additional level of safety when operating heavy equipment.
View an overview of the capabilities of the Interskol UShM-230/2100M model:
at a price of 8,250 rub.
is one of the few professional earmachine devices that is purchased not only for professional work. Convenient placement of controls, low weight and insignificant vibration of the operating tool determine the choice of users. Although, reliable electronics are also of no small importance, providing smooth starting, constant speed control, user safety in case of voltage drops, coupled with the original mechanically preventing problems (when the disc gets jammed in the part being cut, during a kickback)
Watch a video review of the Makita GA6021C model, revealing the capabilities of the tool and the features of its design:
Brush sanders (cleaning and grinding of embossed metal, artificial aging of wood).
at prices starting from RUB 8,209.
A powerful motor and a relatively low brush rotation speed characterize the impressive potential of the most inexpensive of the popular CMMs. The purpose of such equipment is for rough cleaning or gentle grinding (depending on the consumables used) of textured (wooden, metal and plastic) surfaces. But this model is most often used for brushing (aging) wood.
- Locking the start button in the pressed position,
- convenient additional handle above the brush guard,
- rotation speed adjustment,
- Impressive torque from a powerful engine.
This set of functions in affordable equipment arouses a certain interest among those who like to create non-trivial products with their own hands.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| D-120, L-100 | |
| Brush rotation speed rpm min | 3000 |
| Power, W | 1400 |
| Model options |
|
| Additional equipment | Side handle with bracket. Additional kit motor brushes. A set of necessary keys. Sanding brush |
| Weight, kg | 3.35 |
| Development/production | Russia / China |
| Cost, rub. | 8209 |
Watch a video review of the capabilities and configuration of the Sturm model! AG1014P:
The tools do not leave even professional carpenters indifferent. After all, comparing the predisposition of the 9741 model to intensive use, and the small volumes of materials that need texture cleaning (even in workshops), we can confidently speak about a fairly long service life of the brush grinding tool.
Watch a short video review of the features and configuration of the Makita 9741 model:
at prices starting from RUB 35,265.
The nominal power of the tool allows you to count on the effective operation of the torque stabilization system. The electronics monitor changes in the drive rotation speed under uneven load and make the necessary adjustments to the operation of the low-speed electric motor. Therefore, working along the fibers, even at minimum speed, the master receives exceptionally high-quality results.
- Balanced design
- precision shaft rotation indicators,
- the ability to quickly replace consumables without the use of tools,
have made this tool in demand among specialists who work with hardwood.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Brush dimensions (D-diameter, L-length), mm |