If you are interested in the question of how many watts are in a kilowatt, then you will find the answer by reading this article. What is a watt? It is a unit adopted by the International System of Measurement (SI). It got its name thanks to a mechanic-inventor of Scots-Irish origin who created a universal steam engine. Until 1882, most calculations used horsepower as the basic unit of measurement, and only after the invention of mechanics, a new unit of power, the watt, was adopted everywhere (primarily in electrical engineering). In physics, power is a process per unit of time; accordingly, one watt will be equal to one joule per second (W = J/s).
How many watts are in a kilowatt
People are constantly faced with the concept of electrical power in everyday life. All household appliances have a value indicated in their passport. Even the elementary one on the glass bulb says: 40 W, 60 W, 100 W, etc. As for a microwave oven or washing machine, the value in question here will be much higher: 500-1000 W and 2-2.5 kW respectively.
As with other physical quantities, the prefix “kilo” means a multiple of a thousand. That is, the numerical value of power, measured in kilowatts, must be multiplied by 1000 or the decimal point moved to the right by three digits: this way we get the value of electrical power in watts.
Thus, to the question of how many watts are in a kilowatt, we received a clear answer: there are a thousand watts in one kilowatt (1 kW = 1000 W). Next, we will look at examples of recording electrical power. Here are some examples of how to translate the indicated quantities:
- 2.5 kW = 2500 W.
- 0.2 kW = 200 W.
- 3.095 kW = 3095 W.
Sometimes it is necessary to convert a unit of power expressed in watts into kilowatts. We remember how many watts are in a kilowatt, so we divide the known value by a thousand. Or move the comma sign three digits to the left.
- 2750 W = 2.7 kW.
- 70 W = 0.07 kW.
- = 0.15 kW.
Let's look at the concept of “kilowatt-hour”
In kilowatt-hours (or in watt-hours) the device is measured for one hour of operation. As an example, let's take a regular computer with a power of 0.65 kW. Let's assume he worked for one hour. How can I find out how much electricity it has consumed during this period? It’s very simple: multiply 0.65 kW by 1 hour of operation, we get 0.65 kWh. An ordinary 100-watt incandescent lamp consumes 100 W of energy in one hour, therefore, per day of continuous operation it will consume 2.4 kW. How many watts are in kW, we have already discussed above.
Main household consumers of electricity
Nowadays, even wealthy people have begun to think about saving energy - they are abandoning incandescent lamps and replacing them with energy-efficient light bulbs or LED ones. When choosing household appliances, the main parameter that you especially pay attention to is the efficiency of the devices. In every house or apartment you can find such equipment as a refrigerator, TV, computer, iron, electric kettle. Let's consider the mentioned units. The refrigerator usually operates around the clock, its energy consumption rate will be from 0.7 to 1.3 kW per day - everything will depend on the size of the device and the ambient temperature. A computer, provided it has not been turned off, can consume up to 13.5 kW per day. On average, a TV consumes 2.5 kW in 24 hours. However, the biggest “spenders” are heating devices: electric kettles, boilers, electric stoves and others. For example, an electric kettle consumes 1-1.2 kW in 20-25 minutes, which can be compared to a continuously running refrigerator. How much electricity do you consume?
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1 joule [J] = 6.241506363094E+27 nanoelectronvolt [neV]
Initial value
Converted value
joule gigajoule megajoule kilojoule millijoule microjoule nanojoule picojoule attojoule megaelectronvolt kiloelectronvolt electron-volt millielectronvolt microelectronvolt nanoelectronvolt picoelectronvolt erg gigawatt-hour megawatt-hour kilowatt-hour kilowatt-second watt-hour watt-second newton meter horsepower-hour horsepower (metric) -hour international kilocalorie thermochemical kilocalorie international calorie thermochemical calorie large (food) cal. British term. unit (int., IT) British term. unit of term. mega BTU (int., IT) ton-hour (refrigeration capacity) ton of oil equivalent barrel of oil equivalent (US) gigaton megaton TNT kiloton TNT ton TNT dyne-centimeter gram-force-meter · gram-force-centimeter kilogram-force-centimeter kilogram -force-meter kilopond-meter pound-force-foot pound-force-inch ounce-force-inch foot-pound inch-pound inch-ounce pound-foot therm therm (EEC) therm (USA) energy Hartree equivalent gigatons of oil equivalent megatons oil equivalent to a kilobarrel of oil equivalent to a billion barrels of oil kilogram of trinitrotoluene Planck energy kilogram reciprocal meter hertz gigahertz terahertz kelvin atomic mass unit
More about energy
General information
Energy is a physical quantity of great importance in chemistry, physics, and biology. Without it, life on earth and movement are impossible. In physics, energy is a measure of the interaction of matter, as a result of which work is performed or the transition of one type of energy to another occurs. In the SI system, energy is measured in joules. One joule is equal to the energy expended when moving a body one meter with a force of one newton.
Energy in physics
Kinetic and potential energy
Kinetic energy of a body of mass m, moving at speed v equal to the work done by a force to give a body speed v. Work here is defined as a measure of the force that moves a body over a distance s. In other words, it is the energy of a moving body. If the body is at rest, then the energy of such a body is called potential energy. This is the energy required to maintain the body in this state.
For example, when a tennis ball hits a racket in flight, it stops for a moment. This happens because the forces of repulsion and gravity cause the ball to freeze in the air. At this moment the ball has potential energy, but no kinetic energy. When the ball bounces off the racket and flies away, it, on the contrary, acquires kinetic energy. A moving body has both potential and kinetic energy, and one type of energy is converted into another. If, for example, you throw a stone up, it will begin to slow down as it flies. As this slows down, kinetic energy is converted into potential energy. This transformation occurs until the supply of kinetic energy runs out. At this moment the stone will stop and the potential energy will reach its maximum value. After this, it will begin to fall down with acceleration, and the energy conversion will occur in the reverse order. The kinetic energy will reach its maximum when the stone collides with the Earth.
The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy in a closed system is conserved. The energy of the stone in the previous example changes from one form to another, and therefore, although the amount of potential and kinetic energy changes during the flight and fall, the total sum of these two energies remains constant.
Energy production
People have long learned to use energy to solve labor-intensive tasks with the help of technology. Potential and kinetic energy are used to do work, such as moving objects. For example, the energy of river water flow has long been used to produce flour in water mills. As more people use technology, such as cars and computers, in their daily lives, the need for energy increases. Today, most energy is generated from non-renewable sources. That is, energy is obtained from fuel extracted from the depths of the Earth, and it is quickly used, but not renewed with the same speed. Such fuels include, for example, coal, oil and uranium, which is used in nuclear power plants. In recent years, the governments of many countries, as well as many international organizations, such as the UN, have made it a priority to study the possibilities of obtaining renewable energy from inexhaustible sources using new technologies. Many scientific studies are aimed at obtaining such types of energy at the lowest cost. Currently, sources such as solar, wind and waves are used to generate renewable energy.
Energy for domestic and industrial use is usually converted into electricity using batteries and generators. The first power plants in history generated electricity by burning coal or using the energy of water in rivers. Later they learned to use oil, gas, sun and wind to generate energy. Some large enterprises maintain their power plants on site, but most of the energy is produced not where it will be used, but in the power plants. Therefore, the main task of energy engineers is to convert the energy produced into a form that allows the energy to be easily delivered to the consumer. This is especially important when expensive or hazardous energy production technologies are used that require constant supervision by specialists, such as hydro and nuclear power. That is why electricity was chosen for domestic and industrial use, since it is easy to transmit with low losses over long distances via power lines.
Electricity is converted from mechanical, thermal and other types of energy. To do this, water, steam, heated gas or air drive turbines, which rotate generators, where mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. Steam is produced by heating water using heat produced by nuclear reactions or by burning fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are extracted from the depths of the Earth. These are gas, oil, coal and other combustible materials formed underground. Since their quantity is limited, they are classified as non-renewable fuels. Renewable energy sources are solar, wind, biomass, ocean energy, and geothermal energy.
In remote areas where there are no power lines, or where economic or political problems regularly cause power outages, portable generators and solar panels are used. Generators running on fossil fuels are especially often used both in everyday life and in organizations where electricity is absolutely necessary, for example, in hospitals. Typically, generators operate on piston engines, in which fuel energy is converted into mechanical energy. Also popular are uninterruptible power supply devices with powerful batteries that charge when electricity is supplied and release energy during outages.
Do you find it difficult to translate units of measurement from one language to another? Colleagues are ready to help you. Post a question in TCTerms and within a few minutes you will receive an answer.
The following types of tariffs apply in Moscow and the Moscow region:
The indicated tariff plans for electricity from Mosenergosbyt are valid from January 1, 2020 in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region. (RUB/kWh including VAT)
Electricity tariffs presented below in the tables for the population and equivalent categories of consumers in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region are indicated in the ratio rub./kWh and are divided into two periods: electricity tariffs from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 and electricity tariffs from July 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020.
One-rate tariff for electricity in the territory of Moscow, with the exception of the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| ) | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| Around the clock | 5,47 | — |
| Around the clock | 4,65 | — |
| Around the clock | 3,83 | — |
| Around the clock | 3,83 | — |
Tariff for two zones (peak and half-peak) on the territory of Moscow, with the exception of the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| 6,29 | — | |
| 1,95 | — | |
| 2. Population living in houses equipped with stationary electric stoves | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 5,35 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,50 | — |
| 3. Population living in rural settlements and equivalent to them | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 4,41 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,89 | — |
| 4. Gardening, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 4,79 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,13 | — |
Tariff for three zones (peak, half-peak, night) in Moscow, with the exception of the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| Indicator (consumer groups broken down by rates and differentiated by day zones) | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| 6,57 | — | |
| 5,47 | — | |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,13 | — |
| 2. Population living in houses equipped with stationary electric stoves | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 5,58 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 4,65 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,50 | — |
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 4,60 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 3,83 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,89 | — |
| 4. Gardening, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 4,97 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 4,12 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,13 | — |
Electricity tariffs for the population and equivalent categories of consumers in the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts of Moscow for 2020.
Single-rate tariff for electricity in the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts of Moscow
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| Indicator (consumer groups broken down by rates and differentiated by day zones) | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| Around the clock | 5,47 | — |
| 2. Population living in houses equipped with stationary electric stoves | ||
| Around the clock | 4,37 | — |
| Around the clock | 3,83 | — |
| 4. Gardening, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens | ||
| Around the clock | 3,83 | — |
| Around the clock | 5,47 | — |
Tariff for two zones (peak and half-peak) on the territory of the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts of Moscow
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| Indicator (consumer groups broken down by rates and differentiated by day zones) | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 6,29 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,45 | — |
| 2. Population living in houses equipped with stationary electric stoves | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 4,82 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,73 | — |
| 3. Consumers equal to the rural population | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 4,41 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,73 | — |
| 4. Gardening, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 4,90 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,30 | — |
| 5. Population excluding horticultural, gardening or dacha associations | ||
| Day zone (peak and half-peak) 07:00 - 23:00 | 6,29 | — |
| Night zone (peak and half-peak) 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,45 | — |
Tariff for three zones (peak, half-peak, night) on the territory of the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts of Moscow
| from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2020 | from 07/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 | |
| Indicator (consumer groups broken down by rates and differentiated by day zones) | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh | Price (tariff) in rub./kWh |
| 1. Urban population | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 6,57 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 5,47 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,45 | — |
| 2. Population living in houses equipped with stationary electric stoves | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 5,01 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 4,18 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,73 | — |
| 3. Population living in rural settlements and those equivalent to them. | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 4,60 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 3,83 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 1,73 | — |
| 4. Gardening, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 5,13 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 4,26 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,30 | — |
| 5. Population excluding horticultural, gardening or dacha associations | ||
| Peak zone 07:00 - 10:00; 17.00 - 21.00 | 6,57 | — |
| Half-peak zone 10:00 - 17:00; 21.00 - 23.00 | 5,47 | — |
| Night zone 23:00 - 07:00 | 2,45 | — |
On the official website of Mosenergosbyt, in the tariffs and payment section, three menu items are presented: “Information for the population about payments for electricity taking into account common household needs (ODN)”, “Methods of payment for electricity” and “Tariffs”, in turn in the “Tariffs” section there are description of electricity tariffs in force in Moscow and the Moscow region; by clicking on the “tariffs” section you can familiarize yourself with them in more detail to calculate your electricity costs.
Based on this pricing, Mosenergosbyt provides electricity tariffs broken down by rates and day zones, based on the individual needs of its subscribers. There are one-, two- and multi-tariff charging systems. With a multi-tariff system, not only daytime and nighttime electricity consumption is taken into account, but also its peak hours.
Electricity for common house needs (GDN) and its calculation.
In the section “Information for the population about payments for electricity taking into account common building needs (CDN)” you can familiarize yourself with a detailed diagram of electricity costs in an apartment building.
The rules for the provision of utility services are reflected in Resolution No. 354 of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 (as amended on February 27, 2017) “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings.”
In addition to paying for individual electricity consumption, residents also need to pay for general house needs (CHN). Such amounts are calculated, accrued and allocated in the payment receipt separately from each other.
Payment for communal electricity in an apartment building is mandatory for everyone, does not depend on whether consumers have individual metering devices (IMU) and is proportional to the area of the premises they occupy.
If there is a common building meter, the volume of electricity supplied to the unit, subject to payment, is calculated by subtracting the total volume of individual consumption in all premises of the apartment building from the readings of the common building meter.
If a common house electricity meter is not installed, then the calculation of charges is carried out according to current standards.
Kilowatt is a multiple unit derived from "Watt"
Watt
Watt(W, W) - system unit of power measurement.
Watt- a universal derived unit in the SI system, having a special name and designation. As a unit of measurement of power, the "Watt" was recognized in 1889. It was then that this unit was named in honor of James Watt (Watt).
James Watt - the man who invented and made a universal steam engine
As a derived unit of the SI system, "Watt" was included in it in 1960.
Since then, the power of everything has been measured in Watts.
In the SI system, in Watts, it is allowed to measure any power - mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc. The formation of multiples and submultiples of the original unit (Watt) is also allowed. To do this, it is recommended to use a set of standard SI prefixes, such as kilo, mega, giga, etc.
Power units, multiples of watts:
- 1 watt
- 1000 watts = 1 kilowatt
- 1000,000 watts = 1000 kilowatts = 1 megawatt
- 1000,000,000 watts = 1000 megawatts = 1000,000 kilowatts = 1 gigawatt
- etc.
Kilowatt hour
There is no such unit of measurement in the SI system.
Kilowatt hour(kWh, kW⋅h) is an off-system unit that is derived solely to account for used or produced electricity. Kilowatt-hours measure the amount of electricity consumed or produced.
The use of “kilowatt-hour” as a unit of measurement in Russia is regulated by GOST 8.417-2002, which clearly indicates the name, designation and scope of “kilowatt-hour”.
Download GOST 8.417-2002 (downloads: 3181)
Excerpt from GOST 8.417-2002 “State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of quantities", clause 6 Units not included in the SI (fragment of table 5).
Non-systemic units acceptable for use along with SI units
What is a kilowatt hour for?
GOST 8.417-2002 recommends using “kilowatt-hour” as the basic unit of measurement for accounting for the amount of electricity used. Because “kilowatt-hour” is the most convenient and practical form that allows you to obtain the most acceptable results.
At the same time, GOST 8.417-2002 has absolutely no objection to the use of multiple units derived from “kilowatt-hour” in cases where this is appropriate and necessary. For example, during laboratory work or when accounting for generated electricity at power plants.
The resulting multiple units of “kilowatt-hour” look like this:
- 1 kilowatt-hour = 1000 watt-hour,
- 1 megawatt-hour = 1000 kilowatt-hour,
- etc.
How to write kilowatt-hour correctly⋅
Spelling of the term “kilowatt-hour” according to GOST 8.417-2002:
- The full name must be written with a hyphen:
watt-hour, kilowatt-hour - The short notation should be written separated by a dot:
Wh, kWh, kW⋅h
Note Some browsers misinterpret the HTML code of the page and instead of a period (⋅) display a question mark (?) or other gibberish.
Analogues of GOST 8.417-2002
Most of the national technical standards of current post-Soviet countries are linked to the standards of the former Union, therefore, in the metrology of any country in the post-Soviet space, you can find an analogue of the Russian GOST 8.417-2002, or a link to it, or its revised version.
Designation of power of electrical appliances
It is common practice to mark the wattage of electrical appliances on their casing.
The following designation of electrical equipment power is possible:
- in watts and kilowatts (W, kW, W, kW)
(designation of mechanical or thermal power of an electrical appliance) - in watt-hours and kilowatt-hours (Wh, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)
(designation of consumed electrical power of an electrical appliance) - in volt-amperes and kilovolt-amperes (VA, kVA)
(designation of the total electrical power of an electrical appliance)
Units of measurement for indicating the power of electrical appliances
watt and kilowatt (W, kW, W, kW)- units of measurement of power in the SI system. Used to indicate the total physical power of anything, including electrical appliances. If there is a designation on the body of an electrical unit in watts or kilowatts, this means that this electrical unit, during its operation, develops the indicated power. As a rule, the power of an electrical unit, which is a source or consumer of mechanical, thermal or other type of energy, is indicated in “watts” and “kilowatts”. In “watts” and “kilowatts” it is advisable to denote the mechanical power of electric generators and electric motors, the thermal power of electric heating devices and units, etc. The designation in “watts” and “kilowatts” of the produced or consumed physical power of an electrical unit occurs on the condition that the use of the concept of electrical power will confuse the end user. For example, for the owner of an electric heater, the amount of heat received is important, and only then the electrical calculations.watt-hour and kilowatt-hour (W⋅h, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)— non-system units of measurement of consumed electrical energy (power consumption). Power consumption is the amount of electricity consumed by electrical equipment per unit of operating time. Most often, “watt-hours” and “kilowatt-hours” are used to indicate the power consumption of household electrical equipment, according to which it is actually selected.
volt-ampere and kilovolt-ampere (VA, kVA, VA, kVA)— SI units of electrical power, equivalent to watt (W) and kilowatt (kW). Used as units of measurement for apparent AC power. Volt-amps and kilovolt-amps are used in electrical calculations in cases where it is important to know and operate with electrical concepts. These units of measurement can be used to indicate the electrical power of any AC electrical appliance. Such a designation will best meet the requirements of electrical engineering, from the point of view of which all alternating current electrical appliances have active and reactive components, therefore the total electrical power of such a device should be determined by the sum of its parts. As a rule, the power of transformers, chokes and other purely electrical converters is measured and denoted in “volt-amperes” and their multiples.
The choice of units of measurement in each case occurs individually, at the discretion of the manufacturer. Therefore, you can find household microwave ovens from different manufacturers, the power of which is indicated in kilowatts (kW, kW), in kilowatt-hours (kWh, kW⋅h) or in volt-amperes (VA, VA). And the first, and the second, and the third will not be a mistake. In the first case, the manufacturer indicated the thermal power (as a heating unit), in the second - the consumed electrical power (as an electrical consumer), in the third - the total electrical power (as an electrical appliance).
Since household electrical equipment is low-power enough to take into account the laws of scientific electrical engineering, then at the household level, all three numbers are practically the same
Considering the above, we can answer the main question of the article
Kilowatt and kilowatt-hour | Who cares?
- The biggest difference is that a kilowatt is a unit of measurement for power, while a kilowatt-hour is a unit of measurement for electricity. Confusion and confusion arises at the household level, where the concepts of kilowatt and kilowatt-hour are identified with the measurement of the produced and consumed power of a household electrical appliance.
- At the level of a household electrical converter device, the only difference is in the separation of the concepts of output and consumed energy. The output thermal or mechanical power of an electrical unit is measured in kilowatts. The consumed electrical power of an electrical unit is measured in kilowatt-hours. For a household electrical appliance, the figures for generated (mechanical or thermal) and consumed (electrical) energy are almost the same. Therefore, in everyday life there is no difference in what concepts to express and in what units to measure the power of electrical appliances.
- Linking the units of measurement kilowatt and kilowatt-hour is applicable only for cases of direct and reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical, thermal, etc.
- It is completely unacceptable to use the unit of measurement “kilowatt-hour” in the absence of an electricity conversion process. For example, “kilowatt-hour” cannot measure the power consumption of a wood heating boiler, but it can measure the power consumption of an electric heating boiler. Or, for example, in “kilowatt-hour” you cannot measure the power consumption of a gasoline engine, but you can measure the power consumption of an electric motor
- In the case of direct or reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical or thermal energy, you can link the kilowatt-hour with other energy units using the online calculator at tehnopost.kiev.ua:
When purchasing a country house or planning to install electricity in a cottage, it is worth thinking about such an important parameter as the allocated electrical power of the supplied electricity. Practice shows that the required minimum power to supply a house with an area of up to 150 m2 is from 7 to 10 kW. This indicator depends on many factors:
- number of people living in the house,
- type of heating (electric, gas),
- general condition of the house (is it insulated or not, is it insulated according to standards or not).
You can calculate the required minimum by adding up the power consumption of household appliances. Here you need to keep in mind that there are devices that work constantly or very often (light bulbs, heated floor systems, convectors), and there are devices that turn on relatively rarely (vacuum cleaner, washing machine, electric saw, etc.). The power consumed by the device is indicated on its packaging or in the instructions. To calculate the minimum required total power, you need to add up the power of all constantly operating devices (in this case, the lighting power is calculated by multiplying the number of lamps in all rooms of the house by the power of one lamp, usually 60 W). You also need to remember the nuances: electric gate drives, electric ignition of the stove, heating of water in the shower and other little things can add up to additional power. We round the addition result up and increase it by another 5-10% at least. This will avoid the risk of operating at peak loads using all power, which is unsafe for devices and wiring. It must be borne in mind that the resulting number is the result of adding the power of only constantly switched on electrical appliances, to which rarely switched on devices will also be added from time to time. Therefore, calculations provide only an approximate idea of the total power required.
Calculation example
Let's take, for example, a house with a total area of 80 m2, where a family of four lives. The house has three rooms, a kitchen, a corridor and a bathroom. The rooms use two lamps, each with a 60-watt incandescent lamp. Total - 120 watts per room and 120*3=360 watts for 3 rooms. One 60-watt lamp is used in the kitchen, hallway and bathroom. Total - another 180 watts. Summarizing, we get 540 watt/hour for lighting only.
Let us now calculate the required power for the operation of devices that are constantly turned on or are used very often. A refrigerator, TV and computer consume an average of 0.5 kW. Electric water heater - about 1 kW. Electric kettle - about 1 kW.
Let's add to this the power of devices that are rarely turned on. Washing machine - 2 kW. Dishwasher - approximately 1.5 kW. Moreover, the operation of these devices at maximum power never occurs simultaneously.
Total: 6.5 kW.
To save or not?
When calculating the required number of kilowatts, you should remember that powerful electrical appliances are turned on relatively rarely. Therefore, it makes no sense to supply 10 kW to the house and overpay if you can supply 7 kW and regulate consumption, turning on “wasteful” appliances alternately (do not turn on the electric kettle if the electric oven is working, etc.).
It's also not worth skimping. If you supply 5 kW to the house instead of 7, you will have to sacrifice heating in order to turn on the kettle. Or lighting - for the sake of an electric stove.
Knowing the area of the house can also help with the calculation. For every 10 m2, about 1 kW of energy is required for heating if an electric boiler or convectors is used. This is quite expensive - only for heating you will have to provide 20 kW of supplied power and pay rather large bills every month. It is much better to use gas heating if communications allow or use solid fuel (wood, coal, pellets). In addition, it is worth taking care of insulating the walls, roof and floor in accordance with the standards - this will significantly reduce heating costs.
Is it possible to connect more?
You can connect additional power if there is a capacity reserve in the cottage village. The cost of connecting 1 additional kilowatt is about 30 thousand rubles. The connection will have to be coordinated with the production and technical department of the local power grid. As a rule, there are no restrictions on power consumption, however, the requested additional power must be correctly calculated and reflected in the technical specifications, on the basis of which power grid specialists will issue technical specifications for connecting the house to the line and determine the available power of the power grid.
Based on what has been written, we would like to draw your attention to the need to involve specialists in solving engineering issues.