L. F. Baum
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
The girl Dorothy lived with Uncle Henry and Aunt Em in the Kansas steppe. Uncle Henry was a farmer and Aunt Em ran the farm. Hurricanes often raged in these places, and the family took refuge in the cellar. One day Dorothy hesitated, did not have time to go down to the cellar, and a hurricane picked up the house and carried it along with Dorothy and the dog Toto to God knows where. The house landed in the magical land of Oz, in the part of it where the Munchkins lived, and so successfully that it crushed the evil sorceress who ruled in these parts. The Munchkins were very grateful to the girl, but could not help her return to her native Kansas. On the advice of the good sorceress of the North, Dorothy goes to the Emerald City to the great sage and wizard Oz, who, she is convinced, will certainly help him find himself again with Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Wearing the silver slippers of the deceased evil sorceress, Dorothy sets off for the Emerald City along the road paved with yellow bricks. Soon she meets the Scarecrow, who was scaring the crows in the corn field, and they go to the Emerald City together, since the Scarecrow wants to ask the great Oz for some brains.
They then find a rusty Tin Woodman in the forest, unable to move. After anointing him with oil from an oil can left in this strange creature's hut, Dorothy brings him back to life. The Tin Woodman asks him to take him with him to the Emerald City: he wants to ask the great Oz for a heart, because, as it seems to him, without a heart he cannot truly love.
Soon Dev joins the squad, assuring his new friends that he is a terrible coward and he needs to ask the great Oz for some courage. Having gone through many trials, the friends arrive in the Emerald City, but the great Oz, appearing before each of them in a new guise, sets a condition: he will fulfill their requests if they kill the last evil sorceress in the land of Oz, who lives in the West, pushing around the timid and intimidated by the Winks.
Friends hit the road again. The evil sorceress, noticing their approach, tries to different ways destroy uninvited guests, but the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion show a lot of intelligence, courage and desire to protect Dorothy, and only when the sorceress summons the Flying Monkeys does she manage to gain the upper hand. Dorothy and the Cowardly Lion are captured. The Tin Woodman is thrown onto sharp stones, straw is poured out of the Scarecrow. But the evil sorceress of the West did not rejoice for long. Driven to despair by her bullying, Dorothy splashes her with water from a bucket and, to her surprise, the old woman begins to melt, and soon all that remains is a dirty puddle.
Friends return to the Emerald City and demand what they promised. The Great Oz hesitates, and then it turns out that he is not a magician or a sage, but a very ordinary deceiver. At one time he was a circus balloonist in America, but, like Dorothy, he was carried by a hurricane to the land of Oz, where he managed to deceive gullible local residents and convince them that he was a powerful wizard. However, he fulfills the requests of Dorothy’s friends: he fills the Scarecrow’s head with sawdust, which makes him experience a surge of wisdom, inserts a scarlet silk heart into the Tin Woodman’s chest and gives the Cowardly Lion to drink some potion from a bottle, assuring that now the King of Beasts will feel brave.
It is more difficult to fulfill Dorothy's request. After much deliberation, Oz decides to go big balloon and fly back to America with the girl. However, at the last moment, Dorothy rushes to catch the runaway Toto, and Oz flies away alone. Friends go for advice to the good sorceress Glinda, who rules the southern country of the Quadlings. On the way, they have to endure a battle with the Warring Trees, go through the porcelain country and meet the very unkind Shooting Heads, and the Cowardly Lion deals with a giant spider that kept the forest inhabitants at bay.
Glinda explains that the silver slippers Dorothy took from the evil witch in Munchkin Country can take her anywhere, including Kansas. Dorothy says goodbye to her friends. The Scarecrow becomes the ruler of the Emerald City. The Tin Woodman is the ruler of the Winks, and the Cowardly Lion, as befits him, is the king of the forest dwellers. Soon Dorothy and Toto find themselves in their native Kansas, but without the silver slippers: they got lost along the way.

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The era in which we have the honor (or misfortune) to live is fraught with many contradictions. One of them can be considered the moral and intellectual shrinking of the reading and publishing audiences. Among the representatives of generations raised on the harmful nutrient medium of television after 1990, there is rarely a person who knows about Rzhevsky and Natasha Rostova not from anecdotes, but from the novel “War and Peace.” The same thing happens with fairy tales.

Now, probably, some people do not even suspect that the books “The Wizard of Oz” and “The Wizard of Oz” exist in the world. But they exist, and both are popular! Parents read both of them to their children, they are studied in literary departments in perhaps half of the countries on the globe, and it seems to me that both should be further studied and popularized as examples of style, authorial talent and educational significance.

The plot of the fairy tale about the Magic Land is probably familiar to everyone. A strong hurricane transports a caravan, in which there is a girl Ellie (in Baum - Dorothy) and a dog Totoshka, to an unknown fairyland. Only a wizard living in a certain Emerald City can return the heroes home. Following the yellow brick road, the main character meets fairy-tale characters: the Scarecrow, who dreams of getting brains instead of straw; The Tin Woodman, searching for a heart capable of love; A lion suffering from cowardice.But there are some differences that have crept in since the creation of these books; and these differences ultimately grow into some large total, even mental difference in the perception and applicability of both fairy tales for education.

Note that Baum's work can be considered an excellent example of political satire. For example, under the guise of the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman, one can guess the characters whom the caricaturists of the late 19th and early. 20th centuries They were depicted precisely as a stuffed animal or a humanoid creature in metal armor - Presidents Harrison, Cleveland, McKinley or oil tycoon Rockefeller. Many researchers today study this book as a kind of metaphor for the events in the United States that took place at the beginning of the 20th century. Baum talks about witches - so this is an allusion to the rich and influential oligarchs who actually ruled the country, and the Monkeys are none other than police bloodhounds, followers of Pinkerton, tracking down disgruntled workers!

How much negative aspects modern followers of old Freud find in both works! In their opinion, every moment, every action of the characters reflects either so-called gender inequality, or mental deviations, or surges of libido. For example, the very fact that the hurricane lifted the house should mean that the little heroine began to experience violent hormonal emissions. In particular, the Scarecrow also gets it - he was considered... gay - discriminated against and persecuted by everyone... However, Western psychoanalysts express much more claims against Volkov than against Baum.

At the same time, the works differ significantly in their emotional and semantic load. If Baum’s text, which is a kind of starting point, the original of the fairy tale, is completely neutral, despite the elements of “beautiful”, “cheerful”, “cheerful”, Volkov’s version is still more colorful, more natural and more psychological. In the American author, even the humor looks definitely compressed and forced, as if artificial, unnatural. All the time, the reader is haunted by the impression that the words are about to be heard from the lips of the main character: “This is business. Nothing personal..." If Baum has no shifts emotional states, in Volkov, every character is natural. They all tend to empathize, suffer, have fun, be afraid of something, forgive, show generosity, and so on.

However, be that as it may, both books went through dozens and hundreds of editions in almost all countries of the world, in different languages, with many illustrations. Both authors have millions of fans who never stop arguing with each other, proving to each other which book is better. But while Baum’s text, published in 1900, remained unchanged for a century, Volkov, starting in 1939, personally improved his version three times. And even if in the first book there are differences with original version very noticeable, then in the following– they are even more striking.

One example can testify to the popularity of the Volkov option.Over the past three decades, the book has gone through 10 editions in Germany. Even after the unification of the country, when Baum’s original books became available to East Germans, translations of Volkov’s books continue to be published in consistently sold-out editions. The text of the 11th edition, published in 2005 , and subsequent changes were made, and the book also received a new design. However, in 2011, due to numerous demands from readers, the publishing house was forced to return to publishing the book in the old design, in the old edition of the translation, and even with a “traditional” afterword by Volkov himself, exposing the shortcomings of the capitalist system.

In the afterword to the book Volkov , addressing young readers of his time, suggests that they were very surprised to learn that the Great and Terrible Wizard Goodwin was in fact not a wizard. Then Volkov writes that his fairy tale teaches that every deception and every lie is sooner or later revealed. Good-natured, but weak-willed, Goodwin had no special abilities or desire to work. Believing that life in the Magic Land is exactly the same as life in the modern capitalist USA he was familiar with, he saw no other way for himself to achieve success and prosperity other than lying. This constant lie drives Goodwin to the point where he sends a little girl in his place to fight the evil sorceress. A. M. Volkov in the afterword indicates that he wrote his fairy tale “The Wizard of the Emerald City” based on the tale of the American writer Lyman Frank Baum, which is called “The Wise Man from Oz”, talks about the date of its release in the USA - 1900, and about its many sequels. He writes that he changed a lot in Baum’s book and added new chapters. He says that Baum’s Totoshka, unlike his Totoshka, is mute. In addition, the afterword says that the author begins to write a second book about the adventures of Ellie and her friends - “Oorfene Deuce and his wooden soldiers.”

All this is an artistic side, but there is also a philosophical and political side. Volkov popularly talks about the essence of the capitalist system, thanks to which he can be put on a par with N. Nosov (“Dunno on the Moon”). Try to clearly explain such serious issues to a five- to seven-year-old child! But Volkov succeeded, just like Nosov.Literary adaptations, in general, rarely manage to surpass the originals, but in in this case, the Russian-language author rose to the occasion.

What does this fairy tale teach? First of all, of course, the fact that friendship, mutual assistance and mutual assistance play a big role in the life of every person. After all, the friends in the fairy tale managed to achieve what they wanted precisely because of this. Always supporting each other, they easily overcome all obstacles that initially seem completely insurmountable. One of the heroes finally receives a heart capable of love, another - courage, a third - intelligence.But the young reader understands that this is just a sham, because the real qualities of the heroes appeared long before receiving these magical gifts. In addition, the illusory nature of magic is dispelled by the author himself - the emeralds from which the city is built turn out to be ordinary glass, and the “great and terrible” Goodwin - an ordinary person middle-aged, who once got here in a hot air balloon.

Inseparable from friendship, throughout the book the friends learn selflessness. The Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman save Ellie from the ogre, despite the danger to themselves. Ellie protects Toto from the Lion, boldly rushing to cross him. The lion, in turn, stands on the bridge, protecting his friends from the saber-toothed tigers.

Another important point What the author strives to convey to the reader is that all dreams are achievable, and their realization is not the result of some magical actions, but something that is within the power of each of us. And you don’t need to go to fabulous emerald cities to find your happiness - after all, it is often close to us.

Volkov’s books are all connected by a single storyline in the following sequence: “The Wizard of the Emerald City”"Oorfene Deuce and his wooden soldiers", "Seven Underground Kings", " Fire God Marrano", "Yellow Fog" and "The Mystery of the Abandoned Castle".

The girl Dorothy lived with Uncle Henry and Aunt Em in the Kansas steppe. Uncle Henry was a farmer and Aunt Em ran the farm. Hurricanes often raged in these places, and the family took refuge in the cellar. One day Dorothy hesitated, did not have time to go down to the cellar, and a hurricane picked up the house and carried it along with Dorothy and the dog Toto to God knows where. The house landed in the magical land of Oz, in the part of it where the Munchkins lived, and so successfully that it crushed the evil sorceress who ruled in these parts. The Munchkins were very grateful to the girl, but could not help her return to her native Kansas. On the advice of the good sorceress of the North, Dorothy goes to the Emerald City to the great sage and wizard Oz, who, she is convinced, will certainly help him find himself again with Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Wearing the silver slippers of the deceased evil sorceress, Dorothy sets off for the Emerald City along the road paved with yellow bricks. Soon she meets the Scarecrow, who was scaring the crows in the corn field, and they go to the Emerald City together, since the Scarecrow wants to ask the great Oz for some brains.

They then find a rusty Tin Woodman in the forest, unable to move. After anointing him with oil from an oil can left in this strange creature's hut, Dorothy brings him back to life. The Tin Woodman asks him to take him with him to the Emerald City: he wants to ask the great Oz for a heart, because, as it seems to him, without a heart he cannot truly love.

Soon Dev joins the squad, assuring his new friends that he is a terrible coward and he needs to ask the great Oz for some courage. Having gone through many trials, the friends arrive in the Emerald City, but the great Oz, appearing before each of them in a new guise, sets a condition: he will fulfill their requests if they kill the last evil sorceress in the land of Oz, who lives in the West, pushing around the timid and intimidated by the Winks.

Friends hit the road again. The evil sorceress, noticing their approach, tries in a variety of ways to destroy the uninvited guests, but the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion show a lot of intelligence, courage and desire to protect Dorothy, and only when the sorceress calls the Flying Monkeys does she manage to gain the upper hand. Dorothy and the Cowardly Lion are captured. The Tin Woodman is thrown onto sharp stones, straw is poured out of the Scarecrow. But the evil sorceress of the West did not rejoice for long. Driven to despair by her bullying, Dorothy splashes her with water from a bucket, and to her surprise, the old woman begins to melt, and soon all that remains is a dirty puddle.

Friends return to the Emerald City and demand what they promised. The Great Oz hesitates, and then it turns out that he is not a magician or a sage, but a very ordinary deceiver. At one time he was a circus balloonist in America, but, like Dorothy, he was carried by a hurricane to the land of Oz, where he managed to deceive gullible local residents and convince them that he was a powerful wizard. However, he fulfills the requests of Dorothy’s friends: he fills the Scarecrow’s head with sawdust, which makes him experience a surge of wisdom, inserts a scarlet silk heart into the Tin Woodman’s chest and gives the Cowardly Lion to drink some potion from a bottle, assuring that now the King of Beasts will feel brave.

It is more difficult to fulfill Dorothy's request. After much deliberation, Oz decides to make a big balloon and fly back to America with the girl. However, at the last moment, Dorothy rushes to catch the runaway Toto, and Oz flies away alone. Friends go for advice to the good sorceress Glinda, who rules the southern country of the Quadlings. On the way, they have to endure a battle with the Warring Trees, go through the porcelain country and meet the very unkind Shooting Heads, and the Cowardly Lion deals with a giant spider that kept the forest inhabitants at bay.

Glinda explains that the silver slippers Dorothy took from the evil witch in Munchkin Country can take her anywhere, including to Kansas. Dorothy says goodbye to her friends. The Scarecrow becomes the ruler of the Emerald City. The Tin Woodman is the ruler of the Winks, and the Cowardly Lion, as befits him, is the king of the forest dwellers. Soon Dorothy and Toto find themselves in their native Kansas, but without the silver slippers: they got lost along the way.

Lyman Frank Baum

"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"

Then they find a rusty Tin Woodman in the forest, unable to move. After anointing him with oil from the oil can left in this strange creature's hut, Dorothy brings him back to life. The Tin Woodman asks him to take him with him to the Emerald City: he wants to ask the great Oz for a heart, because, as it seems to him, without a heart he cannot truly love.

Soon Lev joins the squad, and assures his new friends that he is a terrible coward and he needs to ask the great Oz for some courage. Having gone through many trials, the friends arrive in the Emerald City, but the great Oz, appearing before each of them in a new guise, sets a condition: he will fulfill their requests if they kill the last evil sorceress in the land of Oz, who lives in the West, pushing around the timid and intimidated by the Winks.

Friends hit the road again. The evil sorceress, noticing their approach, tries in a variety of ways to destroy the uninvited guests, but the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion show a lot of intelligence, courage and desire to protect Dorothy, and only when the sorceress calls the Flying Monkeys does she manage to gain the upper hand. Dorothy and the Cowardly Lion are captured. The Tin Woodman is thrown onto sharp stones, straw is poured out of the Scarecrow. But the evil sorceress of the West did not rejoice for long. Driven to despair by her bullying, Dorothy splashes her with water from a bucket, and, to her surprise, the old woman begins to melt, and soon only a dirty puddle remains.

Friends return to the Emerald City and demand what they promised. The Great Oz hesitates, and then it turns out that he is not a magician or a sage, but a very ordinary deceiver. At one time, he was a circus balloonist in America, but, like Dorothy, he was carried by a hurricane to the land of Oz, where he managed to deceive gullible local residents and convince them that he was a powerful wizard. However, he fulfills the requests of Dorothy’s friends: he fills the Scarecrow’s head with sawdust, which makes him experience a surge of wisdom, inserts a scarlet silk heart into the Tin Woodman’s chest and gives the Cowardly Lion to drink some potion from a bottle, assuring that now the King of Beasts will feel brave.

The girl Dorothy lived in the steppes of Kansas with her uncle and aunt. Uncle Henry was a farmer, and Aunt Em preferred farming. There was often a strong wind in the steppe, and the family was forced to take refuge from it in the basement. At one point, Dorothy did not have time to hide from the wind, and a strong gust tore the house from its place, carrying the girl and her dog Totoshka into the unknown.

Oddly enough, the house landed successfully in the magical land of Oz. At the same time, he fell straight onto the evil sorceress who ruled in this place. Having met the good sorceress, Dorothy learned that she needed to go to the Emerald City, where the wise wizard Oz could help the girl return. Having set out on a journey, Dorothy met extraordinary travel companions along the way. One of them was the Scarecrow, who stood in the garden as a scarecrow. The other was the Tin Woodman. He could not move and also wanted to get to the great wizard to ask him for a human heart. And finally, they met Leo, who wants to ask the sorcerer of the Emerald City for some courage.

On the way to the Emerald City, the friends meet an evil sorceress who is trying to destroy them. But with joint efforts they repel the attacks of the evil witch. And only after she called the Flying Monkeys, our travelers were defeated. Dorothy and the Cowardly Lion were captured, and the rest were left lying on the road. Undeterred, Dorothy plucked up courage and poured water from a bucket onto the witch. And to everyone's joy, evil witch melted.

When friends came to the Emerald City, they demanded a reward for the destroyed witch. However, Great Oz was at a loss. In fact, he was not a wizard, but an ordinary American who was brought to the land of Oz just like the girl. In the end, he makes a decision and gives the Woodcutter, Lion and Scarecrow what they asked for, only in a different form.

Deciding to fulfill Dorothy's request, the Great Oz builds a hot air balloon and wants to fly away with the girl. But by chance, he flies away on his own, and the girl remains with her friends.

But having met the good witch, Dorothy finds out that she has silver shoes that she took from the evil witch. And these shoes can move her anywhere. Having said goodbye to her friends, the girl flies back to her place in Kansas, and her fellow travelers become who they wanted to be.

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

Wearing the silver slippers of the deceased evil sorceress, Dorothy sets off for the Emerald City along the road paved with yellow bricks. Soon she meets the Scarecrow, who was scaring the crows in the corn field, and they go to the Emerald City together, since the Scarecrow wants to ask the great Oz for some brains.

Soon Dev joins the squad, assuring his new friends that he is a terrible coward and needs to...

Summary 5 6 sentences lake country. "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"

"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"