Accessories - auxiliary and additional details, elements and parts that are used to make a whole object. Fittings include construction, door and window, shoe, furniture, haberdashery and weapons. For finishing and arrangement wooden house use furniture, construction, door and window fittings.
Fittings for windows and doors in a wooden house
The greatest interest when decorating a wooden house is window and door fittings. When installing windows and doors, it is important to carefully follow the technology, otherwise the structures will be deformed and skewed when the frame shrinks. To prevent this from happening, a casing is made. It imparts rigidity and strength to the structure, eliminating the possibility of deformation. How to install windows and doors, make door and window frames, read.
To maintain the environmental friendliness and safety of timber or log house, bathhouse or other building, choose wooden windows and doors. Wood is easy to install, process and varnish. Natural raw materials will organically fit into the structure, interior and exterior of the building. It does not allow cold, wind and extraneous sounds to pass through, and is resistant to wear and moisture.
To make the structure, dried and high-quality processed wood is used. Such elements are treated with an antiseptic to protect against negative influence moisture, dampness, ultraviolet radiation and insects. The result is high-quality, reliable and durable products that do not crack or deform, do not mold or rot. Wooden structures last a long time physical properties, initial appearance and color.
Window and door fittings include several mechanical devices that ensure a strong fit of the sash or leaf in the frame. Parts and elements ensure the operation of structures. The window sash or door is brought into an open or half-open (hinged) state. In addition, the fittings include various handles, locks and latches.
Decorating a wooden house
Includes installation of windows and doors, installation of fittings and components, insulation and waterproofing of structures. In addition, these works include insulation and waterproofing of the entire log house, protective treatment wooden elements, cladding of internal and external walls, floors and ceilings, installation of stairs, installation of utility networks.
The MariSrub company carries out the construction and finishing of turnkey houses. We independently produce timber and logs, select necessary materials, moldings, components and fittings for the project. We build wooden houses with foundations and roofs, carry out design and a full range of necessary work.
Our own production of lumber allows us to control the quality of the selection of raw materials and each stage of production. We comply with the requirements for storage and transportation, drying and processing of wood, we produce logs and timber in accordance with GOST. We guarantee the quality of timber and construction, and carry out work on time!
To use various wood compounds in the field of construction, you cannot do without just tools, but also without the appropriate experience. That is why inexperienced masters similar connections They don't always turn out neatly. One of best options— professionals use various types of fasteners for the array, which are made of metal.
Many surviving architectural monuments made of wood without nails, using only an axe. This fact causes true pleasure to this day. However, centuries later, the fasteners made of metal, used to build solid wood buildings, have changed radically, and it is for this reason that today it makes no sense to repeat the experience of our ancestors.
It is preferable to build quickly and without difficulties. Let's talk in more detail about the fasteners offered by manufacturers, taking as an example details that make it possible to simplify as much as possible the connection of beams with floor joists or solid wall surfaces.
Perforated fasteners
When beams and also joists floor surface hidden in the interior space, they can be connected using beam shoes. This fastener for wood structures is suitable for fastening solid wood not just to wood, but also to concrete and brickwork. It is created from durable steel.
Manufacturers advise fastening such fasteners to the parts being connected with special screws, and in case of excessive load, or fixing to a stone material, use the holes for the necessary bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, today you can purchase special clamps and much more.
Tenon and groove
This galvanized wood fastener consists of a tongue and groove section that fit together to provide better transfer of horizontal as well as vertical forces.
The connection can be visible or hidden; for these purposes, the steel parts are recessed into special grooves in advance.
Three-dimensional slats
The modern Italian company produces fastening elements that are placed perpendicularly and vertically at an angle, using T-type slats created by extrusion from a high-strength steel alloy. They are produced in several modifications designed for different levels of loads.
The fastening system must be selected according to the size range of sections of the combined beams and the dynamic as well as static loads acting on them.
During the installation process, the slatted base is attached to the beam using self-tapping screws. Then a groove of the same size as the slatted shelf is created on the end part, attached to the base of the joist beam. If there is no perforation, the shelf is equipped with a log and the connection is secured using self-tapping screws.
Hidden details Hedgehog
These connectors are steel washers, the base of which is equipped with holes drilled under the slope. These holes are for self-tapping screws. In the center of the washer there is a threaded hole into which a pin is inserted. Its free end is threaded into a special hole and secured with reverse side beams as a part with an enclosed washer.
The created connection functions perfectly not only in pull-out, but also in shear. If there is excessive load in the area of the end part of the joist, it is possible to install several elements at the same time.
Fasteners with complex threads
Unusual self-tapping screws that make it possible to save time, cash, since this option does not require metal parts. Self-tapping screws are equipped with threads, which help create a high degree of resistance when pulled out, and are also tightly screwed into an array, which completely changes their traditional functioning.
In this case, the work of the screws occurs exclusively by pulling out, which gives them the opportunity to absorb most of the forces that fall on the connection. So, you can fasten elements at an angle, combine parts, minimizing their deflection, as in the photo of wood fasteners below.
Special purpose self-tapping screws
Using similar elements, quite massive wooden crafts. The cap has milled ribs and is easily recessed into the product, while the tip is created like a drill. In the middle of the screw the cutter makes bigger hole, helping to pull the element as tightly as possible.
An adjusting type self-tapping screw will be useful for fastening door frames, window openings, solid wood lathing to wood, metal. The self-tapping screw is screwed directly into the box, as well as the wall surface located behind it, or the power part.
The self-tapping screw acts as a weather vane for high-quality fastening solid cladding to a base made of steel. It has a tip in the form of a drill and wings placed above it to expand the hole in the tree.
When drilling metal products, the wings break. As a result, having made the carving in metal part, the self-tapping screw fits tightly to it, while the solid element is attracted by the head to the metal.
Photos of wooden fasteners
Basic and most common connections in a frame house easier and more reliable to perform using special fasteners. Each of them has its own fasteners, ensuring the strength and stability of the entire structure. It is easy to use and allows you to avoid such labor-intensive connections as inserting “half-wood” or various “locks”.
Connecting fasteners for assembling frame wooden building structures have been used for a long time: tightening brackets, bolts and clamps. Very often used in construction frame houses. Today it has become more diverse and perfect. Fasteners not only simplify and speed up the assembly of building structures, but also make them stronger and more stable. Fasteners are most effectively used in the construction of prefabricated frame houses. Connecting fasteners for assembling construction wooden structures too diverse to be described in one article. Therefore, using the example frame house We will consider only part of the fasteners, but the most used and mass-produced.
Connection fastener made from cold rolled steel sheet 2.0 - 4.0 mm thick, in the form of perforated (with holes) plates, corners, holders, supports for beams, connectors (plates with needle spikes - connectors), as well as shoes for load-bearing posts and columns, mounted directly on the foundation . Depending on the purpose (the dimensions of the parts to be connected and the loads transferred to them), each type of such fastener is presented in several versions: by size, perforation configuration (holes) and even with additional elements(ribs) of increased rigidity.
The perforation of the fasteners regulates the thickness of the nails and tightening bolts, as well as their number: on the one hand, they are enough to securely fix the connection, on the other hand, cracking of the wood does not occur. Such fasteners can have various coatings that protect them from corrosion: zinc, primer or polymer powder paint. Part of the connecting fasteners is also used for repair work(for example, a corner when constructing a frame internal partitions). Therefore, when choosing such fasteners (standard sizes, metal thickness, design option, perforation, stiffeners and protective covering), you should imagine what loads it will experience during operation.
The connecting fastener has a number undeniable advantages before classical connections in the construction of low-rise buildings wooden houses and, first of all, prefabricated frame ones, in which a lot of different nodal connections have to be made.
Firstly, there is no need to make labor-intensive and skill-requiring classical connections such as half-timber inserts or tie-locks. There is no splitting of wooden structures due to excessive large quantity and sizes of nails and bolts: the normalized perforation of fasteners (holes) does not allow the use of too thick nails and driving them close to the edge of the bar.
Secondly, the classic tie-in leads to a decrease in the strength of the beam due to a reduction in its cross-section at the joints (wood removal). Steel connecting fasteners, on the contrary, create additional reinforcement for the design of the units.
: Used in butt joints that are subject to tensile loads, such as splicing timber for tightening or making roof trusses.
Fastening plates are used in connections subject to tensile loads. They are applied to the connection on both sides and tightened: with bolts - 2 holes with a diameter of 11 mm and nails - the remaining holes with a diameter of 7.5, 5 and 4.5 mm. The dimensions of the holes determine the diameter of the bolts and nails used: their task is to provide the necessary strength of the connection, preventing splitting of the wood.
: used in various corner connections(walls, racks with a supporting frame, tie beams, roof rafters, etc.). An angle with a stiffener has more high stability to bending loads.
Fastening angles are used for angular connections between walls or an upper tie beam with a roof truss. Available in various standard sizes and several designs, including those reinforced with a stiffener. The corners are applied to the joint on both sides and tightened: with bolts - 2 holes with a diameter of 11 mm and nails - the remaining holes with a diameter of 7.5, 5 and 4.5 mm. Bolts for fixation are used only in particularly strong connections.
Installation of beams attic floor or roof rafters using mounting angles. Perforation of fasteners ensures the optimal number, thickness and location of nails in terms of the loads occurring in the joint and eliminates splitting of wood. Corners with a stiffener are more resistant to bending loads.
Beam holders and supports
Beam holders and supports: indispensable when constructing floors (floor and attic) in frame houses. Withstands high tensile loads in various corner joints. The holder is designed for fixing a floor beam to a wall, column or other beam during construction. The support (or shoe) allows you to install the beam on the walls or columns of an already erected building (during reconstruction).
The support can be universal (consists of separate left-handed and right-handed elements) - suitable for beams of any section, and specialized - for beams of a specific section. In addition, the support can be designed for open mounting or for finishing. Shoes for posts and columns: The shoe is bolted or poured with concrete into the foundation or foundation. Its design allows, even after installation, to adjust its height (± 25 mm).
The beam holder is used when installing wooden floors when it lies with its ends on walls or other beams. Each connection is fixed on both sides. Therefore, the holder can be left-handed or right-handed. It is nailed down. The number and size of nails are regulated by holes with a diameter of 5 mm.
Consists of two individual parts- left-handed and right-handed and suitable for beams of various sections. The connection is fixed on both sides with bolts and nails. Mostly such supports are produced in one standard size and from sheet steel with a thickness of at least 2.5 cm.
It is designed for a specific beam section and is available in several standard sizes and two design options: 1 and 3 - for subsequent finishing in order to hide their vertical “wings” curved outward for fasteners; 2 - without subsequent finishing (“wings” are hidden).
Beam support is used when constructing wooden floors, when it cannot be supported on the walls or columns themselves (for example, installing a floor in an existing building). Each connection is fixed on both sides with bolts and nails. In our example, two short beams are connected by supports through central pillar — practical solution a frequently occurring problem.
Shoes for load-bearing posts and columns are installed (anchored) in concrete foundation during its pouring (and bolted to the finished one). Exist various designs shoes: 1 and 4 - for pouring in concrete; 2 and 3 - fastened with bolts; 1 and 2 - the rack is installed in the shoe; 3 and 4 - the shoe is cut into the rack; All structures, once mounted, can be rotated around their own axis and adjusted in height.
The rack or column is installed on the mounted shoe and secured with the required number of bolts: 1 - the rack is installed in the shoe; 2 - the shoe is cut into the rack. In this state, the stand can be rotated to the desired angle around the axis and adjusted in height within a range of ± 25 mm.
Connectors
Connectors: designed for complex joint connections in roof trusses spanning spans of 7.5 meters or more. The connector is a flat plate, in the body of which needle nails (or spikes) of a certain configuration are cut out by stamping. They are made both in the form of plates with specific dimensions, and as a tape (25 - 152 mm wide), cut to the required length. The connectors are pressed with spikes into the wood (across the grain) on both sides of the connection. The principle of working with connectors is well understood using the example of installing a roof truss, where two connectors (on 2 sides) allow you to assemble an assembly from 3 parts at once.
Connectors - special connecting fasteners
Connectors are special connecting fasteners. It allows you to assemble and strengthen complex joint connections of 3 or more parts, for example, in roof trusses with spans of more than 7.5 m. The connector is a flat plate with needle-shaped spikes cut into its body. They are made in the form of ready-made plates with specific dimensions or tapes (25 - 152 mm wide). They are pressed with tenons into the wood on both sides of the joint.
The use of joinery and carpentry joints in construction requires not only special tool but also considerable experience.
Therefore, non-professionals often make such connections sloppy. The best option- use new types of metal fasteners
Most of the surviving monuments wooden architecture erected without a single nail, using only an axe, and this fact still causes admiration. But over the centuries, fastening systems made of metal and used for the construction of wooden houses have changed greatly, so today there is no point in repeating the “feats” of our ancestors.
It must be built simply, quickly and reliably. Let's look at the metal fasteners offered by manufacturers using the example of components and elements that can significantly simplify and speed up the connection of floor joists with beams or wooden walls, and at the same time some other operations.
1. CONNECTING ELEMENTS WITH PERFORATION
If beams and joists are invisible in the interior, then they can be connected using so-called beam shoes, produced, for example, by ESSVE. These elements are suitable for fastening wood not only to wood, but also to concrete or brickwork(when using appropriate dowels).
They are mainly made of hot-dip galvanized steel with a thickness of 1.5 or 2 mm. but there are also more expensive products on the market made from stainless acid-resistant A6 steel. The shoes are available in two versions: with cuffs turned outward or inward. Price: from 50 to 500 rubles. for 1 piece
The manufacturer recommends fastening the beam shoes to the elements being connected with special anchor screws with a diameter of 5 mm (depending on the load, the latter can be inserted into all or some of the holes), and if the load is very heavy or fixed to “stone” material, also use the holes for the bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, the market offers perforated universal clamps (a), rafter fastenings(b), angles (c), plates (d) shown in the figure, etc.
THE MAIN ADVANTAGE OF FASTENERS WITH PERFORATION IS THE ACCELERATION OF INSTALLATION WITH A SIMULTANEOUS INCREASE IN THE STRENGTH INDICATORS OF CONNECTIONS ADVANTAGES OF ANCHOR SCREWS
Why do manufacturers of perforated fasteners suggest using anchor screws? How are the latter better than ordinary self-tapping screws or anchor (ruffed) nails used to secure beam shoes and other perforated metal elements? The advantages are due to the design features of anchor screws. Firstly, their flat cap presses the attached material more tightly. metal element to wood.
Secondly, the smooth cylindrical part located under the screw head has the same diameter of 5 mm as the holes in the perforated metal elements. It completely fills the hole and therefore completely transfers the load, and also works well for shearing. In addition, thanks to the tapered head, the screw is better centered. An ordinary self-tapping screw does not always transfer the load completely; it performs much worse at shearing. Well, the anchor nail cannot be dismantled without destroying the part of the wooden element into which it is driven. But the anchor screw is easily unscrewed and can be screwed into wooden element in a new place.
2. METAL SYSTEMS “TEN-GROOT”
The element is made of aluminum and consists of two parts, one of which is equipped with a tenon, the second with a corresponding groove. They are fastened to each other according to the principle “ dovetail", which allows for reliable transmission of vertical and horizontal forces, to absorb tensile and compressive forces and even bending moments. The connection can be either visible or hidden, for which both metal parts are recessed into pre-milled grooves. The length of the Atlas node connector is 70-200 mm. Price - 1500-5500 rub. for 1 piece
EuroTec's main competitors are Russian market are the Austrian companies PITZL and SHERPA Connection Systems, which produce a similar range of connecting elements. The SHERPA system is better known, providing load-bearing capacity connections from 5 to 280 kN - a special calculation program allows you to select fasteners for each specific case. Any connector consists of two aluminum parts, which are also fastened using the dovetail principle. The cost of SHERPA elements is from 800 to 12 thousand rubles. for 1 piece
Another competitor of EuroTec is the German company BB Stanz-und Umformtechnik. who developed the BB connecting unit. It is made of galvanized sheet steel with a thickness of U mm and consists, like its aluminum counterparts, of two parts, fixed to each other according to the dovetail principle. Both halves are attached to the wood with self-tapping screws, the number of which depends on the size of the element. BB connectors have a width of 70 mm and a length of 90. 125, 150 and 190 mm. The price is one of the most affordable today: 180-800 rubles. for 1 piece
TO wooden parts both parts of the Atlas connector are fastened with self-tapping screws, twisted at an angle of 90 and 45°. The connection is secured with a locking screw.
CONNECTORS ALLOW YOU TO SOLVE TASKS IN A FEW MINUTES THAT TAKE HOURS AND EVEN DAYS TO WORK IN CLASSICAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
3. 3D SLATS
3D battens are suitable for connections (using nails or screws) not only wood-to-wood ( minimum thickness logs attached to the beam - 45 mm), but also “wood-concrete”, for which products are offered with enlarged holes for anchor bolts
4. HIDDEN ELEMENTS OF THE “HEDGEHOG” TYPE
These unusual products allow you to save not only the time required to assemble the unit, but also money, because connecting metal elements are not needed. Self-tapping screws are fully threaded, creating high pullout resistance, and are completely screwed into the wood at an angle of 30.45 or 60°. which radically changes the usual pattern of their work. IN in this case screws only work to pull out, which allows them to take on a significant part of the forces acting on the connection. Thus, it is possible to connect parts at an angle (a), to unite the elements. while reducing their deflection (b), strengthen the places of cutouts in beams and joists (c) (see figure below).
There are self-tapping screws with a cylindrical (screw diameter - 6.5, 8 and 10 mm) and countersunk (screw diameter - 8 or 11.3 mm) head. Length - 65-1000 mm. Price - 20-800 rub. for 1 piece To install screws with a length of less than 245 mm, no preliminary drilling is required, but for longer ones (to prevent slipping to the side), it is recommended to pre-drill holes for the self-tapping screw to a depth of up to 0.5 oz of its length.
Select the appropriate KonstruX screw, the fastening scheme of the elements, and also calculate required amount screws are helped by a special ECS program, which can be freely downloaded on the website of a screw manufacturer or a large retailer.
6. SPECIAL SCREWS
Using a self-tapping screw, Hobotec is attached solid boards, blockhouse or imitation timber. The head of the product is equipped with milling ribs and is easily recessed into the wood, and the tip is made in the form of a drill. A cutter in the middle of the length of the screw increases the diameter of the hole, allowing you to tighten the element being fastened more tightly. Self-tapping screws with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length of 20 to 60 mm are made of ordinary coated steel (price - 1100-2200 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.) or of stainless steel(price - 3500-7500 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.).
The tension screw is also equipped with a cutter, but its tip is different - it has a special groove. turning a screw into a wood drill. The flat cap has large diameter and is equipped with a self-countersinking head and a hexagonal slot. The self-tapping screw is coated with a special wax coating that reduces friction when screwing in. Product diameter - 3-12 mm. length - 30-600 mm. Price - from 300 to 5 thousand rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
The adjusting screw is useful, for example, for fastening window and door frames or wooden sheathing to wood, concrete, brick or metal (the element can be equipped with two types of drill bits). The self-tapping screw is screwed into the box and the wall or power element located behind it in one step.
In this case, the ring conical “spikes” located under the screw head are firmly fixed in the box (almost like fishing hook), due to which its position relative to the wall is easily adjusted by further screwing or unscrewing the fastening element. Length - from 60 to 125 mm. Price - from 2000 to 3500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
Special elements for performing common tasks wooden house construction operations: adjusting screw for window boxes or sheathing(s); tension screw (6); Hobotec self-tapping screw for fastening solid boards, blockhouses or imitation timber when covering a wooden house (c)
Self-tapping screw for fastening wood paneling to the steel base. Equipped with a drill tip and special “wings” (located above the tip), which expand the hole in the wood and break when drilling metal. As a result, having cut a thread in the metal, the self-tapping screw is fixed in it, and the head attracts the wooden element to the metal. Length: 32-125 mm. Price: from 500 to 2500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
Most of the surviving monuments of wooden architecture were erected without a single nail, using only an axe, and this fact still causes admiration. But over the centuries, fastening systems made of metal and used for construction have changed greatly, so today there is no point in repeating the “feats” of our ancestors. It must be built simply, quickly and reliably. Let's look at the metal fasteners offered by manufacturers using the example of components and elements that can significantly simplify and speed up the connection of floor joists with beams or, and at the same time some other operations.
Photo: ESSVE. The beam shoes are equipped with 5 mm diameter holes (located on both the flange and the flanges) for nails/screws and 9 or 11 mm diameter holes for bolts or cap screws. On the lower surface of the flange there is a hole with a diameter of 7 mm for additional fastening of the log
1. Connecting elements with perforation
Photo: Eurotec. Special elements for performing operations common in wooden house construction: adjusting screw for window frames or sheathing (a); tightening screw (b); Hobotec self-tapping screw for fastening solid boards, blockhouses or imitation timber when covering a wooden house (c)
If beams and floor joists are invisible in the interior, then they can be connected using so-called beam shoes, produced, for example, by Essve. These elements are suitable for fastening wood not only to wood, but also to concrete or masonry (when using the appropriate ones). They are made mainly from hot-dip galvanized steel with a thickness of 1.5 or 2 mm, but there are also more expensive products on the market made from stainless acid-resistant A4 steel. The shoes are available in two versions: with cuffs turned outward or inward. Price: from 50 to 500 rubles. for 1 piece
The manufacturer recommends fastening the beam shoes to the elements being connected with special anchor screws with a diameter of 5 mm (depending on the load, the latter can be inserted into all or some of the holes), and if the load is very heavy or fixed to “stone” material, also use the holes for the bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, the market includes perforated universal clamps (a), rafter fasteners (b), angles (c), plates (d), shown in the figure, etc.
Advantages of anchor screws
Why do manufacturers of perforated fasteners suggest using anchor screws? How are the latter better than ordinary self-tapping screws or anchor (ruffed) nails used to secure beam shoes and other perforated metal elements?
The advantages are due to the design features of anchor screws.
Firstly, their flat head presses the metal element being fixed more tightly to the wood.
Secondly, the smooth cylindrical part located under the screw head has the same diameter of 5 mm as the holes in the perforated metal elements. It completely fills the hole and therefore completely transfers the load, and also works well for shearing. In addition, thanks to the tapered head, the screw is better centered.
An ordinary self-tapping screw does not always transfer the load completely; it performs much worse at shearing. Well, the anchor nail cannot be dismantled without destroying the part of the wooden element into which it is driven.
But the anchor screw is easily unscrewed and can be screwed into a wooden element in a new place.
2. Metal tongue-and-groove systems
The Atlas node connector is produced by the German company EuroTec. The element is made of aluminum and consists of two parts, one of which is equipped with a tenon, the second with a corresponding groove. They are fastened to each other according to the “dovetail” principle, which allows for reliable transmission of vertical and horizontal forces, to absorb tensile and compressive forces and even bending moments. The connection can be either visible or hidden, for which both metal parts are recessed into pre-milled grooves. The length of the Atlas node connector is 70–200 mm. Price - 1500–5500 rub. for 1 piece
EuroTec's main competitors on the Russian market are the Austrian companies PITZL and SHERPA Connection Systems, which produce a similar range of connecting elements. The SHERPA system is better known, providing a load-bearing capacity of connections from 5 to 280 kN -
a special calculation program allows you to select fasteners for each specific case. Any connector consists of two aluminum parts, which are also fastened using the dovetail principle. The cost of SHERPA elements is from 800 to 12 thousand rubles. for 1 piece
Photo: VV Stanz-und Umformtechnik, PITZL. SHERPA connectors (a - d), made of heavy-duty aluminum alloy, and steel elements of explosives (f - h) make it possible to create not only high-strength and reliable building construction, but also very aesthetic stairs and even furniture
Another competitor of EuroTec is the German company BB Stanz-und Umformtechnik, which developed the BB connecting unit. It is made of galvanized sheet steel 4 mm thick and consists, like its aluminum counterparts, of two parts, fixed to each other according to the “dovetail” principle. Both halves are attached to the wood with self-tapping screws, the number of which depends on the size of the element. BB connectors are available in 70mm widths and 90, 125, 150 and 190mm lengths. The price is one of the most affordable today: 180–800 rubles. for 1 piece
Connectors allow you to solve problems that require classical technologies construction takes hours and even days.
3. Three-dimensional slats
Photo: Rotho Blaas. Three-dimensional perforated aluminum slats for creating hidden connections: Alumaxi (a), Alumini (b) and Alumidi (c)
The Italian company Rotho Blaas proposes to connect parts located both perpendicular to each other in the same plane and at an angle vertically, using T-bars, which are made by extrusion from high-strength aluminum alloy EN AW-6005A. They are available in three modifications, designed for different load levels: Alumini, Alumidi and Alumaxi. Each contains slats with holes in the base and the shelf perpendicular to it, and without holes in the shelf. The slats can have a fixed length (from 80 to 768 mm), and in versions without holes, slats with a length of 2176 mm are available with cuts every 64 mm, which allows you to produce fasteners of any length.
During installation, the base of the batten is attached to the beam with self-tapping screws, then a groove is made at the end of the log attached to the beam, the dimensions of which correspond to the flange of the batten. If the latter has perforations, then, using the shelf as a jig, holes are drilled in the joist, put it on the shelf and metal pins are inserted into them. If there is no perforation, then put a log on the shelf and fix the connection with self-tapping screws and a drill. Price of rack fasteners: RUB 1,230–18,425. for 1 piece
The connecting system should be selected in accordance with the cross-sectional dimensions of the beams being connected, as well as the static and dynamic loads acting on them.
4. Hidden elements of the “Hedgehog” type
Photo: Rotho Blaas. Installation of the Hedgehog elements is simple. At the end of the log, a recess is made into which the connecting element is inserted and secured with self-tapping screws twisted at an angle. Further lag through in advance drilled hole attached to the beam with a threaded element screwed into the central hole of the connector
Rotho Blaas Disc connectors are made from carbon steel with galvanic galvanization. At the base of the washer there are holes drilled at an angle for self-tapping screws, and in the central part there is a threaded hole. A pin is screwed into the latter, its free end is threaded into a hole pre-drilled in the beam and secured on the opposite side of the beam with a nut with a wide washer placed under it. The resulting connection successfully works both in shear and pull-out. If there is a heavy load at the end of the logs, up to three elements Disx with a washer base diameter of 50, 80 and 120 mm (the diameter of the threaded holes is M12, M16 and M20, respectively). Price: from 4145 to 9044 rubles. for 1 piece (screws included).
An alternative to Disc connectors are EuroTec's IdeeFix elements. The fastener is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with an outer diameter of 30, 40 or 50 mm, made of aluminum alloy. At the bottom of the cylinder there is a hole with an M12, M16 or M20 thread. In the top there is a conical recess with holes for self-tapping screws, drilled at an angle of 45°. The IdeeFix element is attached in almost the same way as the previous connector, but the joist is fixed to the beam not with a stud, but with a powerful bolt with a wide head (included in the kit along with self-tapping screws). Price - 1500–4500 rub. for 1 piece
5. KonstruX full thread self-tapping screws
These unusual products allow you to save not only the time required to assemble the unit, but also money, because connecting metal elements are not needed. Self-tapping screws have a full thread, creating a high resistance to pulling out, and are completely screwed into the wood at an angle of 30, 45 or 60°, which radically changes the usual pattern of their operation. In this case, the screws only work to pull out, which allows them to take on a significant part of the forces acting on the connection. Thus, it is possible to connect parts at an angle (a), unite elements while reducing their deflection (b), and strengthen cutouts in beams and joists (c) (see figure below).
Photo: Eurotec. The special ECS program, which can be freely downloaded on the website of a self-tapping screw manufacturer or a large retailer, helps you select the appropriate KonstruX screw, the fastening pattern of the elements, and also calculate the required number of screws.
There are self-tapping screws with a cylindrical (screw diameter - 6.5, 8 and 10 mm) and countersunk (screw diameter - 8 or 11.3 mm) head. Length - 65–1000 mm. Price - 20–800 rub. for 1 piece To install screws less than 245 mm in length, no pre-drilling is required, but for longer ones (to prevent slipping to the side), it is recommended to pre-drill holes for the self-tapping screw to a depth of up to ⅓ of its length.
6. Special screws
Using a Hobotec self-tapping screw, massive boards, blockhouses or imitation timber are fastened. The head of the product is equipped with milling ribs and is easily recessed into the wood, and the tip is made in the form of a drill. A cutter in the middle of the length of the screw increases the diameter of the hole, allowing you to tighten the element being fastened more tightly. Self-tapping screws with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length of 20 to 60 mm are made of ordinary coated steel (price - 1100–2200 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.) or stainless steel (price - 3500–7500 rubles per pack of 500 pcs. .).
The tension screw is also equipped with a cutter, but its tip is different - it has a special groove that turns the screw into a wood drill. The flat head has a large diameter and is equipped with a countersink head and a hexagonal slot. The self-tapping screw is coated with a special wax coating that reduces friction when screwing in. Product diameter - 3–12 mm, length - 30–600 mm. Price - from 300 to 5 thousand rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
Photo: Eurotec. A self-tapping screw is a weather vane for fastening wooden sheathing to a steel base. Equipped with a drill tip and special “wings” (located above the tip), which expand the hole in the wood and break when drilling metal. As a result, having cut a thread in the metal, the self-tapping screw is fixed in it, and the head attracts the wooden element to the metal. Length: 32–125 mm. Price: from 500 to 2500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
An adjusting screw is useful, for example, for attaching window and door frames or wooden sheathing to wood, concrete, brick or metal (the element can be equipped with two types of drilling tip). The self-tapping screw is screwed into the box and the wall or power element located behind it in one step. In this case, the ring conical “spikes” located under the head of the screw are firmly fixed in the box (almost like a fishhook), thanks to which its position relative to the wall is easily adjusted by further screwing or unscrewing the fastening element. Length - from 60 to 125 mm. Price - from 2000 to 3500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.
Special self-tapping screws can significantly speed up and facilitate the execution of those operations that are necessary when creating wooden structures.
