Every housewife would like to have in her kitchen everything she needs for a pleasant and comfortable cooking process. Specialized stores sell dishes for any occasion. However, when choosing, for example, a baking tray, you need to take into account certain rules.
Types of baking trays
In order for you to enjoy preparing a variety of pies, baked dishes and much more, it is very important to have a high-quality oven tray in your arsenal. This universal item will help you prepare a huge amount of goodies for the whole family. It is worth noting that oven dishes are healthy foods, so a baking dish should be in every home. Modern oven trays are equipped with a non-stick layer, which greatly simplifies the cooking process and uses very little oil.
In the store you can find a huge amount various types baking sheets:
- with sides or flat;
- perforated or solid;
- enameled;
- tin;
- from of stainless steel;
- silicone;
- ceramic;
- cast iron.
Silicone forms
A real discovery for culinary experts was the silicone baking tray, which has a lot of undeniable advantages:
- ability to withstand temperatures from – 55 to +280 degrees;
- does not take up much space;
- does not burn your fingers when removing from the oven;
- When used, they do not require regular lubrication.
Baked goods in such forms do not burn and come out well. Silicone baking sheets can be used in microwave ovens or ovens. They are easy to wash and convenient to store. Even after prolonged use, your mold will not become saturated with foreign odors, so it can be used for baking sweet and savory dishes. However, it is worth noting that the softness of the silicone mold can be attributed to the disadvantages, because if you fill it with liquid dough, then transfer it to oven will be problematic. Manufacturers have taken care of this and some models already have a metal frame.
Glass pan
Many housewives consider a glass oven tray to be the safest, most convenient and most aesthetically pleasing. Thanks to the transparency of the product, you can observe the baking process. Glass does not impart any foreign odors or tastes to food and retains the temperature of the finished dish for a long time. You can buy oval, round or rectangular shape with and without a lid. If you purchased such a model, it is recommended to preheat it before placing the baking sheet in the oven. Otherwise, the form may crack, because glass does not tolerate temperature changes.
Cast iron
A special feature of this baking sheet is its unique durability, because some housewives have such an item, inherited from their grandmother. At the same time, it is perfectly used and does not lose its quality and performance characteristics. Among the disadvantages of this type, significant weight can be noted. In addition, the product is very fragile, so you should be careful with the baking sheet so as not to break it.
Ceramic
A special feature of this model is its unique “breathing” walls. This allows you to bake different foods while preserving everything beneficial features, because the food will languish in the oven and not cook. Ceramics do not emit harmful substances when heated, which is another advantage of the model. Among the disadvantages of a ceramic baking tray is the porosity of the material, which can lead to destruction of the mold due to liquid getting into the cracks. It is difficult to wash such a sheet: you have to pre-soak it with detergent.
Aluminum
This shape conducts heat well, thereby reducing the cooking time. The light weight of the dishes is another plus, thanks to which you can prepare baked goods and take them with you when you go on a visit. An aluminum oven tray is perfect for you if you decide to bake cookies, tartlets, tartlets or shortcakes. Baking large pies requires a different device.
Carbon steel
The choice in favor of a steel container should be made by those who plan to use a baking tray with an oven regularly. This is the most popular and cheap option, with which you can prepare a wide variety of dishes. Using heat resistant steel sheet is easy. It cleans well, does not change the smell and taste of the dish, and saves your time. However, it is important to choose a durable metal that does not bend.
How to choose a baking tray for baking and baking in the oven
When choosing an oven tray in a store, it is recommended to pay attention to the following points:
- Buy models with a lid. Without it, the dish will heat unevenly, so it may burn at the edges and not bake in the middle.
- Pay attention not only to the presence of a non-stick surface, but also to its scratch resistance.
- If you love to cook homemade cookies and buns, choose a baking sheet with low sides.
- To prepare sponge cakes, choose sheets with a wall height of 2.5 cm or more.
- Don't save money by buying low-quality cookware that doesn't look good. It won't last long.
- A perforated baking sheet helps you get baked goods faster without burning and excess moisture evaporates easily.
- To grill chicken, fish or vegetables, choose models with grates or perforated bottoms.
Where to buy and how much it costs
Most a budget option oven trays are aluminum models. The cost of such a device starts from 300 rubles. Models from carbon steel depending on the size, the presence of a lid or silicone handles, they cost from 400 to 1500 rubles. Ceramics, glass or cast iron will cost you 1500-2000 rubles. You can buy a baking sheet in hardware hypermarkets or online stores with delivery, but before that, study the photos, characteristics, and materials used for its manufacture.
Materials and tools that the author used to create this solar stove:
1) moisture resistant plywood about 3 mm thick
2) a sheet of metal 0.5 mm thick, roofing or galvanized iron may also be suitable
3) wooden blocks 4 by 4 mm
4) several boards with a thickness of 20 mm and a total length of 400 cm
5) narrow strip for fixing glass
6) mirrors
7) heat-resistant black paint
8) a pair of glass measuring 500 by 500 mm
9) handles
10) nails, screws
11) jigsaw
12) saw
13) hammer
14) screwdriver
15) metal scissors
16) silicone sealant
17) mineral wool
Let's look at the manufacturing process solar oven, the main elements of its design and assembly stages.
After all the materials necessary for the construction of a solar oven were found and prepared, the author proceeded directly to the construction of the main frame of the oven.
For this out wooden block 4 racks were cut out. The main part of the stove will be installed on these racks using screws and nails. The racks are made in pairs: 2 rear racks are 52.6 cm long, and 2 front ones are 26.7 cm long.
The difference in the length of the racks is made specifically in order to take into account the tilt of the stove, which is necessary so that it is exposed to the rays of the sun at right angles.
The load-bearing walls of the solar oven frame were made of a sheet of plywood measuring 150 cm by 150 cm. The lower part of the frame has dimensions of 60.5 by 67.5 cm and is also made of plywood.
After which all parts of the frame are assembled into a single structure:
The next step, the author began making a frame for the glass that will cover the chamber for preparing the future solar oven. The frame was made of boards 549 mm long and 60 mm wide. These boards are connected to each other, and a rail is installed inside the resulting frame, on which the glass will be attached.
In order to install the assembled frame, it is necessary to prepare a site on the main frame of the solar oven. A kind of subframe is also made from boards and small bars, so that the internal hole is just the size of the frame for installing glass. Almost all fastenings are made using ordinary nails.
After that, the assembled frame with a rail for fastening glass is installed on a prepared platform in the supporting frame of the solar oven.
Then the author began making a cooking chamber. Its author decided to make it from a sheet of metal 0.5 mm thick. The sheet was marked and then cuts were made in such a way that when folded, a kind of box was formed, which was then secured to the frame of the solar oven using nails.
Then it is cut out with metal scissors metal part where heating will occur. Cuts are made on the sides, a bend is made, and the sheet is inserted inside the future stove and secured. It is in this metal box that the food will be cooked.
In order to increase the heating efficiency and temperature inside the chamber, the inner surface metal box painted with black heat-resistant paint.
Then the author cut out the glass, which he subsequently secured to the frame using silicone sealant. Hinges were installed on the top bar of the frame on which the glass is fixed. The solar oven cover will be attached to these hinges. The lid itself is cut from a sheet of plywood so that when closed it completely protects the glass of the solar oven. Mirrors were attached to the inside of the lid.
In order to make it convenient to open the mirror cover and the glass plate, the author decided to attach ordinary handles to them.
Usage: at home for steaming food. The essence of the invention: a set of metal utensils consists of a metal body with a lid and an insert, the wall thickness of the entire set is 1.5 - 2 mm. The insert is made in the form of combining a colander and a frying pan into one piece with perforations in the upper half of the side wall with an interval of 10 mm between holes with a diameter of 3 mm. The number of rows of holes may vary depending on the height of the liner. 3 ill.
The offered device is a kit metal utensils from three items. Designed for steam cooking food: meat, fish, vegetables, dumplings. The set is stamped from a metal sheet with a thickness of 1.5-2.0 mm, aluminum, stainless steel. The invention is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a flat-bottomed pan with riveted handles; Fig. 2 - cover with riveted handle; in fig. 3 - liner - flat-bottomed conical bowl with a support collar bent 90° relative to the vertical axis. On the upper half of the side wall there are 6 rows of holes with a diameter of 3 mm, an interval of 10 mm. Holes of 2, 4, 6 rows are shifted horizontally by 5 mm relative to the 1st row. The dimensions of the kit are determined by the diameter of the household burner electric stove. The size of the outer diameter of the pan depends on the diameter of the burner. Depending on the size of the burners, the set can be manufactured in several modifications. The novelty of the design lies in the combination of a frying pan with a colander, i.e. two items into one. The insert (Fig. 3) is made in the form of a semi-conical bowl with a support collar bent by 90° relative to the vertical axis. On the upper half of the side wall, at a height of 15-20 mm from the collar, perforation is made: 6 rows of holes with a diameter of 3 mm with an interval of 10 mm. Moreover, rows 2, 4, 6 are drilled with a horizontal offset of 5 mm relative to the 1st row. Operating principle. Pour water into the bottom of the pan and bring to a boil. The insert with food is inserted into the pan, closed with a lid, and heated. Steam entering through the holes cooks the food. The kit provides steam cooking, where calories own juice are not boiled into water, but remain at the bottom of the insert, thereby improving the quality and taste of food. Even steam flow through six rows of vents speeds up cooking time compared to frying in a frying pan by 1/4. The set consists of three items, is easy to use, easy to assemble, and easy to clean. It can be made from cheap materials, for example, aluminum, using mastered technologies. As a result, it can be mass-produced, which ensures low-cost production. Compared to its analogue (US Patent N 3141455, 1984), the kit is more constructive and technologically advanced.
Claim
METAL COOKWARE SET FOR STEAM COOKING, consisting of a metal body with a lid and an insert, characterized in that the wall thickness of the entire set is 1.5 - 2 mm, the insert is made in the form of combining a colander and a frying pan into one piece with perforations in the upper half side wall with an interval of 10 mm between holes with a diameter of 3 mm, the number of rows of holes may vary depending on the height of the liner.