Beautiful and durable metal tiles are a popular roofing material. To ensure that as little waste as possible remains after installation, an accurate calculation of the number of sheets is necessary.
The simple shape of the roof guarantees almost waste-free installation; the more complex the configuration of the slopes, the more you will have to cut off and throw away.
When planning to order materials, measure the dimensions of the roof slopes, draw a detailed diagram, where each part of the complex slope is depicted as a separate plane, and indicate the dimensions of each of them.
Calculation of metal tiles for a pitched roof
The slope of such a roof consists of a flat rectangular plane. The metal tile sheet has a clear rectangular shape, with the upper and lower parts clearly marked on it.
There are full and usable sizes. The useful value does not take into account the overlap; it is this value that is used in calculations. Whatever the amount of overlap, it will not affect the result of the calculations.
Determining the dimensions of a metal profile sheet The length of each sheet is a multiple of a certain number of embossed waves of 35 cm. By multiplying the wave length by their number vertically, the required sheet length is obtained.
If the roof slope is a simple rectangle, calculate as follows:
1) The width of the slope must be divided by the width of the sheet; the resulting number is the number of sheets of metal tiles in each row, oriented horizontally;
2) To calculate the height, the height of the slope is divided by the wavelength, in our case - 35 cm; the resulting number of waves is divided by their number on one sheet; rounding is performed upward;
3) If the slope rises low, the angle of rise is less than 14 degrees, an overlap of two waves is used to strengthen the roof. This is taken into account when calculating: one for each row is added to the total number of waves.
4) Knowing the number of sheets in a row, find out the number of sheets per slope.
Calculation example
If the slope has a size of 10 x 6 meters, and the width of the sheet is 1 m 5 cm. Divide the width of the slope by the useful width of the sheet: 10: 1 m 5 cm = 10 rows. The remainder will have to be cut off when the size of the gable overhang is determined during the work.
In the vertical rows, we focus on the initially accepted wavelength of 35 cm: we divide 6 meters of slope by 0.35 m of one wave, for a total of 18 waves. This means that 3 sheets of 6 waves each will fit vertically on the slope. The product for the entire slope: 10 rows must be multiplied by 3 sheets in each, you get 30 sheets.
Calculation of metal roofing for a gable roof
The number of elements obtained for one slope is doubled.
When making calculations, do not forget about an important component of the roof, such as. First, choose the type of insulation that is suitable for your roof. To start making calculations, you can check the existing dimensions of the metal tile sheet, as well as learn more about its main characteristics.
Calculation of the quantity of rolled insulating materials
Don’t forget about insulation and the correct sequence of its installation on the roof To know exactly how much material to order for rolled hydro- and vapor barrier, you need to divide the width of the slope by the width of the film, taking into account an overlap of 15 cm, you get the number of rows, the length of each corresponds to the length of the slope. By multiplying the length of the row by their number, the amount in meters of rolled material per slope is obtained.
Calculation of roofing material for a complex roof configuration
Various options for multi-pinch type roofing Most scraps are obtained after cutting sheets of metal tiles diagonally. The correct calculation of the quantity helps to make a scan: an image on paper of the figures formed by the slopes of the roof - rectangles, triangles, trapezoids.
Rectangular elements are the simplest and waste-free, as can be seen in the example of single-, gable- and sloping roofs.
This type of roof consists of four regular rectangles, two of them on each slope. It is not difficult to calculate how much metal tile material is required for such a roof. An example is a pitched roof.
hip
The roof has four slopes, on two sides they are triangular in shape, on the other two they are trapezoidal. When performing a scan, each slope is first drawn in the form of a rectangle, drawing on it the contours of a trapezoid and a triangle. This drawing clearly shows the diagonal cutting lines of the sheets and the amount of waste that is not useful on the roof.
Tent
Four triangular slopes converging at a common point. Hip roofs generate the most metal tile waste.
Multi-pinch
This is the most complex type of configuration, consisting of two or more gable roofs: rectangles, trapezoids, triangles and parallelograms. Only a rectangle and a parallelogram do not produce waste. When laying tiles on a parallelogram slope, the pieces cut diagonally on one side will fall into the corresponding places on the opposite side of the slope.
By breaking down the elements of a multi-gable roof into simple geometric shapes, you can see how much waste is generated during the work process.
When all the calculations have been made and it’s time to move on to the practical part, first stock up on useful tools. Find out how to do it right. If you are just starting construction and still doubt the choice of roof covering between soft roofing and metal tiles, be sure to check it out. You can compare ondulin and metal tiles. Our specialists will help you with your choice.
Calculation of additional elements
Examples of possible additional elements for roofing of different types of roofs The elements covering the ridge, located at the convergence of the ribs and horizontal edges of the slopes, are calculated as follows: the total length of the ridge and ribs is measured, seven to ten percent is added to it to make an overlap.
The lower valley (aka internal) is installed at the point where the inner side edges of the slopes meet. The upper paired element is decorative; it covers the inner one. The length of both is calculated by measuring the length of the converging edges and adding 10% to it for overlaps.
It goes along the entire contour of the cornices. The measurement of this perimeter is the basis of the calculation.
The end strip is equal to the length of all roof ends.
The sealing strip required in the spaces between the ridge and valley is taken with a reserve.
Metal tile calculations online
On the websites of construction companies and companies selling materials there is a convenient service - a construction calculator, where you can calculate the amount of metal tiles per roof. For example, one of these calculators is available at this link - http://www.tstn.ru/catalog/docs/podbory/raschet.php. It's easy to use:
- Select roof type
- Specify the length and width of each slope
- Get the full result - the number of metal tiles, valleys, ridge and end strips, the required number of screws and the total cost of materials
The video at the end of the article will help you use the calculator.
Video instructions on calculating metal tiles for ordering
Metal shingles have a reputation for being a modern, sophisticated and easy-to-install roofing solution. Before attaching this material, they must carry out calculations, taking into account the size of one sheet, the shape of the roofs, the spacing of the sheathing and some other nuances.
Calculation of metal roof tiles
There will be no doubt about the quality of installation of a metal tile roof if you determine in advance the optimal sheet size and calculate how many self-tapping screws are required. When calculating the amount of metal tiles, pay attention to the shape of the roof, which can be not only single or gable, but also complex, for example, hip.
Metal tile sheet sizes
The width and length, and therefore the sheet area of metal tiles, are conventionally divided into two types: full and useful. The first type is understood as the value that is measured from one edge to the other of the product, and the second type is the size without taking into account those centimeters that are lost when creating overlaps.
The usable width is the width excluding overlaps.When purchasing material, it is the useful width and length that are taken into account. In other words, the calculated amount of construction raw materials is rounded up.
The length of the metal tile sheet varies from 40 cm to 8 m, and the width is between 116 and 119 cm. They do not pay much attention to the length of the product in the transverse direction. The length of the tile sheet is much more important. The optimal size is 4.5 m.
A smart builder will prefer to use sheets whose length corresponds to the distance from the ridge to the roof eaves. He will abandon this idea only if the ridge board is located too far from the top edge of the walls. Still, lifting sheets 6–8 m long to the top of the house is a very difficult task. In addition, huge pieces of material during lifting to the roof can severely scratch the walls.
When the dimensions of the roof do not allow covering it with one sheet of metal tiles from the eaves to the ridge, they buy material longer than necessary, and simply cut off the extra centimeters. Short sheets are not accepted: they will have to be mounted with an overlap, which will lead to a significant waste of material and stupid waste.
Calculation of self-tapping screws for fastening metal tiles
When installing metal tiles, self-tapping screws of different sizes are used:
- 4.8x35 mm or 4.8x20 mm (for fixing the material on a wooden sheathing);
- 4.8x20 mm (for connecting the edges of sheets in geometrically complex roof areas);
- 4.8x50 mm or 4.8x70 mm (for places where the material needs to be secured especially tightly).
What the consumption of self-tapping screws will be should be determined in advance, taking into account several nuances:
- fasteners are inserted into all places where the lower part of the wave of material comes into contact with the sheathing;
- near the ridge beam, self-tapping screws are immersed in each wave of material;
- at intermediate stages, fasteners are twisted into sheets through a wave;
- when creating an overlap, the screws are placed at a distance of a meter from each other along the sheathing.
Fasteners are inserted into metal tiles often only in the area of the eaves and ridge Fasteners inserted into the material at small intervals will soon cause roof leaks. And self-tapping screws, rarely used, will not be able to hold the metal sheets in place, which will lead to serious deformation of the roof.
Usually, 7 screws are enough to fasten 1 m² of metal tiles, under which the sheathing is installed with an average pitch of 50 cm. True, this rule only works when constructing a roof of a simple configuration. As the shape of the roof becomes more complex, the required number of fasteners increases.
To determine exactly how many self-tapping screws measuring 4.8x35 mm, 4.8x20 mm and 4.8x50 mm will be needed to install a metal tile roof, you should know the following parameters:
- approximate consumption of screws per 1 m²;
- roof area;
- section of the sheathing board;
- slope length;
- width of the slope;
- required number of sheets of material.
This is what the diagram looks like for securing 4 sheets of material laid out in two rows with screws Using a self-drawn diagram for attaching metal tiles to self-tapping screws, let’s try to perform the calculations. Let's imagine that we need to fix the material on a roof with an area of 150 m², boards with a cross-section of 30x150 m are used as lathing, the length of the slope is 7.75 m, the width is 10.2 m, and 40 sheets of metal tiles were purchased for the roof installation. Now let's complete the following tasks:
- Let's find the required number of fasteners measuring 4.8x20 mm. As the diagram shows, each side joint requires 21 self-tapping screws. It turns out that for all 18 seams that will appear when joining the sheets, you will need 378 fasteners 20 mm long.
- Let's determine how many 4.8x35 mm self-tapping screws you need to buy - fasteners for inter-row joints. According to the rules, each seam formed as a result of combining two rows of material is fixed with 6 self-tapping screws. On a roof with an area of 150 m² there are 20 such joints, which means that for installation work at an inter-row joint it is necessary to purchase 120 fasteners 3.5 cm long.
- Let's calculate how many fasteners measuring 4.8x35 mm will be needed to work in the ridge area and on the cornice. In these areas, one sheet of metal tile is fixed with three self-tapping screws. Consequently, on a roof where 40 sheets are planned to be placed, 120 fasteners will have to be used in the ridge and eaves area.
- Let's find the number of 4.8x35 mm fasteners required for installing metal tiles on the sides of the roof. At one end, 22 self-tapping screws are usually used. It turns out that during the work process, 88 fasteners will be needed at the 4 ends of the gable roof.
- Let's find out how many 3.5 cm long screws will need to be screwed into the central part of the metal tile sheets. Once 5 fasteners are inserted into the middle of one piece of material according to the rules, it turns out that 200 screws will have to be used for all 40 sheets. If we take into account all previous cases of using fastening elements measuring 4.8x35 mm, the following becomes clear: before installing metal tiles, you need to purchase about 550 self-tapping screws (with a reserve).
- Let's determine how many fasteners with a diameter of 4.8 mm and a length of 5 cm need to be purchased. Taking into account the wavelength of the roofing material and the degree of reliability of fastening in the area of the ends, ridge and cornice, we decide to purchase at least 360 screws.
If we add up all the results obtained, it turns out that to install metal tiles on the roof we need to prepare about 1,300 screws.
Number of sheets of metal tiles for roofing with one and two slopes
To find out how many sheets of metal tiles will have to cover the roof in one slope, use certain data:
- nominal and useful width and length of one sheet of material;
- length and width of the roof slope;
- overlap dimensions in width and length.
The overlap of sheets in length is usually 10, 15 or 20 cm. And the size of the overlap of the edges of the material on each other in width is determined by the useful width of the product. If the nominal parameter of the sheet is 1.1 m, and the useful parameter is 1.1 m, then the overlap in width will be the difference between these values (0.08 m).
The largest overlap of sheets in length is 20 cm - We multiply the width of the slope by the length and find out that the roof area is 90 m².
- We divide the width of the slope by the useful width of the metal tile sheet and get the number of rows along the width of the roof (9/1.1=8).
- To the length of the roof slope we add the dimensions of the overlaps and the distance by which the rafters extend beyond the walls, as a result of which we find the total length of the slope (10+0.3 (2 overlaps of 0.15 each) +0.1=10.4).
- We divide the full length of the slope by the useful length of the sheet to determine how many pieces of material one row along the length of the roof will consist of (10.4/3.5=3).
- We multiply the number of rows along the length of the roof by the number of rows along the width, that is, we find out how many sheets of material will be used in the construction of the roof (3x8 = 24).
Judging by our calculations, 24 sheets will need to be fixed on a roof with an area of 90 m².
If you need to determine the amount of metal tiles for the construction of a gable roof, then the calculations will be exactly the same. True, one more action will be added to them - multiplication by 2.
Exceptions can only be in situations where the roof slopes are not the same. In this situation, for each slope the amount of material is calculated separately.
Calculation of metal tiles for a hip roof
When the roof is hip, that is, it has four slopes, in order to find out the required amount of metal tiles, the structure is conventionally divided into sections (two isosceles triangles and two trapezoids). Next, the calculation is carried out in several stages:
Video: how to calculate the amount of metal tiles for a roof
Metal tile calculator
- Select roof type.
- Note whether the roof will be insulated.
- Specify the width and length of the slopes.
- Check whether the soffit needs to be calculated.
- Specify the type of soffit.
- Write down the width of the cornice in the cell.
- Specify the width of the front board.
- Select material.
Calculation of sheathing for metal tiles
Before calculating the amount of material for the construction of the sheathing, do the following:
- use a tape measure to measure the width and length of the slopes;
- determine how much the sheathing will extend beyond the cornice;
- take into account the cost of windshields;
- decide what kind of base for the roofing material will be - solid or sparse.
On the left is a sparse sheathing for metal tiles, and on the right is a solid one The consumption of edged boards for the construction of a continuous sheathing can be determined without unnecessary hassle. Let's assume that the roof area is 80 m², and for the construction of the base for the finishing coating, boards measuring 0.15x6 m and 25 mm thick were purchased. In this situation, the calculation will look like this:
- 0.15 m x 6 m = 0.9 m² (area of one board).
- 80 m² / 0.9 m² = 89 pcs. (required number of boards).
- 0.15 m x 0.025 m x 6 m = 0.0225 m³ (volume of 1 board).
- 89 pcs. x 0.0225 m³ = 2.0025 m³ (cubic capacity of all necessary boards).
When the sheathing is sparse, calculations are carried out taking into account the selected distance between the boards. Let's say the material is to be laid out every 35 cm on a roof with an area of 80 m², the width of the slopes is 8 m and the length is 5 m. Then the calculation will consist of 5 steps:
- 5/0.35 = 14 pcs. (number of boards on one slope).
- 14*8 = 112 m.p. (total planking of boards on one slope).
- 112 m.p.*2 = 224 m.p. (total molding of boards on two slopes).
- 224 m. p. /6 = 37 pcs. (number of six-meter boards).
- 37*0.0225 = 0.8325 cubic meters. (total volume of lumber for sheathing).
It is easy to calculate what the consumption of metal tiles for the roof and sheathing boards under it will be if you know such data as the area of the roof and the dimensions of the materials used. By the way, so that independent calculations allow you to build a roof without problems, the numbers obtained during the calculations should be rounded up.
Metal roofing has more advantages than disadvantages. Nowadays, such material is in high demand in all countries. Metal tile sheets are easy to install, this process takes a minimum of working time. The service life of the material is several decades, it looks aesthetically pleasing and attractive.
Peculiarities
Metal tiles are roofing material made of galvanized steel, which is treated with a special PVC compound. The latter reliably protects the structure from the harmful influences of the environment and at the same time gives it an original color. For three decades, metal tiles have gained recognition on all five continents. Up to 85% of objects nowadays are built using this material. There are many nuances that every homeowner needs to know.
Material characteristics
The thickness of the sheets varies within the range of 0.46–0.56 mm. When purchasing sheets, you should keep in mind that the calculated data indicated on the packaging and the actual state of affairs may differ markedly. This applies not only to the thickness of the sheet, but often to the length and width.
When planning the purchase of material, it is very important to correctly calculate how much stock is needed. Typically it is 10–15% of the amount needed for repair work. Much depends on the complexity of the roof. For example, if there are too many joints and refractions, then additional centimeters of metal tiles will be needed for trimming and adjustment.
Roofing products are represented on the market by various brands. The most popular of them in Russia include:
- Monterey;
- Supermonterey;
- Maxi.
The benefits of metal tiles have long been appreciated by both ordinary homeowners and professional builders. The obvious advantages include:
- the temperature range at which the material can be operated is quite wide: from -55 to +125 degrees;
- compliance with fire safety regulations;
- ease of installation: per 1 sq. m requires only 8 screws;
- You can install such a roof all year round;
- The material is very durable and does not deform.
Much depends on the thickness of the polymer layer; the thicker and better it is, the more durable the roof will be. The price also increases in direct proportion to the specified parameters.
Different polymer coatings can protect against different factors. There are metal tiles, where the emphasis is on protection from sunlight, there is also from the influence of moisture and temperature changes, and there is from mechanical damage.
Advantages of standard sheets
Metal tiles are a material that varies noticeably in size, especially in length and width. Length can vary from 35 to 820 cm. Width - from 115 to 120 cm.
When using metal tiles, it is not recommended to use sheets that are too large. The best option is to purchase medium-format metal tiles, thus finding a middle ground in terms of purchasing costs, logistics issues and installation difficulties. Medium sheets are easier to calculate; correctly, the number of units required to cover the usable area, for trimming becomes obvious, knowing the basic parameters of the object.
Standard middle sheets are good for the following criteria:
- they are easy to transport and store;
- during installation there is no need to use special equipment;
- no special storage facilities are required;
- the risk of material damage during operation is minimized.
Counting stages
First of all, the roof slopes are measured; you should also pay attention to the texture of the metal tile, which is noticeably different, for example, from slate.
As an illustration, we can talk about the Monterey and Tacota materials. The length of both materials is the same, the width differs - 1.17 and 1.18 m, respectively. It should be calculated this way: the usable area of both types of materials will be the same - 1.1 meters. The explanation is simple: the “extra” centimeters will go into overlaps.
It is important to analyze the number of rows on the slopes.
As an example, we can name the following: for a slope six meters long and a useful width of 1.1, six sheets of such material will be required. The calculation is as follows: 6: 1.1 = 5.36. Rounding always occurs upward. In this case, the number six is obtained.
A problem often arises when excess material remains, whole sheets or halves of them. It is necessary to know the technology for calculating metal roof tiles. Before starting the calculation, you should consider the following factors:
- length of all slopes;
- overhang area;
- canvas parameters;
- skate parameters.
Roofs are often broken, so each section should be calculated separately. Then it is recommended to calculate the amount of material that goes into overlaps and plumbs. Manufacturers often provide a service for cutting sheets of the required sizes; in this case, it is recommended to contact professionals; you will need a correctly drawn up “pattern” of the roof.
Modern computers allow you to make a roof plan and calculate the amount of metal tiles using a program. It’s not difficult to do this kind of work by hand; you just need to use graph paper to get the proportions and scale right.
Some customers manage to place an order with sheets even 6–8 meters long, thus saving a significant amount of materials that goes into trimming and overlaps. Tangible savings under such circumstances occur only when the roof area exceeds much more than 100 square meters. m and there are special devices to lift such large products to a height. In addition, the installation of such sheets requires highly qualified craftsmen, so the cost of the work can be high.
Tilt angle: what to consider?
The vertical overlap of metal tile sheets can be about 20 cm; it should be understood that this parameter depends on the angle of inclination of the roof. If the angle of inclination of a hipped or gable roof is small, then more material is required for waterproofing and the size of the “overlap” is required larger.
When calculating the number of sheets at the design stage, it provides the opportunity to calculate the parameters of the slopes; if necessary, you can consider increasing the size of the sheathing that extends beyond the gables.
When working with hip roofs, you should find the desired angle of inclination of the triangular hips. You can do such an installation yourself.
Rafter system
The size of the overhang is usually about 45 cm, much depends on the thickness of the material and the level of rigidity of the sheet. A plumb line is necessary; it effectively prevents rain moisture from flowing under the roof and protects the top of the wall of the building. When making calculations, it is very important to take into account the width of the ridge element, the ridge of which has blades, for example, 16 cm will make it possible to tightly close the gap between the roofing sheet and the ridge. This is necessary if the sheet size is not enough.
The ramps are corrected by adjusting the fillies. If the weight of the roof is too large and the angle of inclination is small, then in this case the rafter system should be strengthened, that is, the step between the guides should be not 50 cm, but, for example, 40 cm.
Quantity
The best option is to install sheets about four meters long. It usually takes up to 20 cm of metal tiles for plumbs, and about 10 cm for overlaps.
The material varies noticeably in “waves”, which can be completely different. You cannot start work until there is a clear picture of the amount of material needed. To get the required number of sheets, you should:
- Add up the area data by overhangs.
- Divide the resulting amount by the area used.
As an example, you can take 100 sq. m of roof and add to it the area that goes to the overhangs, for example, 6 sq. m. The hypothetical area of one sheet is 6 square meters. m. Divide 106 meters of total area by 6, resulting in the required quantity - 18 sheets. If the number of sheets turns out to be fractional, then you should definitely round up the data obtained.
Elements and accessories
When installing metal tiles, it is impossible to do without various accessories, which play a significant role. Such components are also called additional elements. First of all, you will need the following “spare parts”:
- skate;
- end strips;
- abutment strips;
- snow barrier;
- cornice plank.
The first element effectively protects from various precipitation and protects from wind. The strips effectively protect the joints from moisture getting into them. Snow barriers effectively protect gutters from snow collapse. The cornice strip prevents microparticles from penetrating under the ridge.
The first step is to find out the length of the ridge; the joints take approximately 8 cm each. A standard ridge is 2 meters. If the length of the ridge is 8 m, then you will need to buy 5 strips. End strips can be of different formats, but they can be designed using the same technology. Don't forget about self-tapping screws; you will also need a certain number of them.
- There is a term in the professional community - the forbidden length of a sheet of metal tiles. That is, cutting the material lengthwise along the waveform is strictly not recommended. If you need to make cuts, they should be made strictly according to the instructions.
- When choosing a material for the roof of a house, it is recommended to consider the thickness of the steel minus the PVC coating. This need arose because manufacturers often manipulate the thickness of the polymer coating and at the same time save on metal.
- Modular metal tiles compare favorably with standard ones in that there is no waste of material, overlaps are minimal and standard. The modules snap onto a special fastener, which completely prevents moisture from getting under the sheet.
- It is difficult to lift such products to a height, and the risk of damage to both the material itself and the walls of the facility increases significantly. Therefore, it is important to take this fact into account in advance and think through the process of transporting raw materials directly to the repair site.
- When working, it is recommended to use a special table that displays all the data regarding the sheet format.
- When cutting material, be sure to use metal scissors. Do not use a grinder or hacksaw with small teeth.
- You need to install metal tiles yourself at an inclination angle of 20 degrees. Otherwise you will have to make extra overlaps.
Read more about the intricacies of calculating metal tiles below.
Metal tiles are in demand among the variety of modern roofing materials, and are used mainly in private construction for the construction of various roofs, both single-pitch and gable types, as well as roofs with complex structures. Due to its not the lowest cost, the calculation of metal tiles for the roof must be made as accurately as possible so that as a result there is enough material and there are not too many extra parts left.
Features of the material
Metal tiles can be classified as rigid roofing materials; they are characterized by high strength and durability. The wave contours of such a sheet are identical in shape to natural tiles. Due to this, the roof of any building covered with metal tiles looks beautiful, and the useful life of such a coating exceeds 50 years.
Other advantages of using metal tiles include:
- Cost savings due to relatively low cost and long service life;
- Light weight - a square meter of metal tiles averages about 6 kg, so it is easy to transport and lift upwards; this does not require specialized equipment. Also, such a weight does not exert a significant load on the walls and foundation of the building and can be chosen as a roofing material even with a problematic foundation;
- The absence of influence on the material by external factors - the unique structure and structure of the material itself allows it to be used in areas with different climates. In addition, it is not affected by the rays of the scorching sun, rain and snow, and is also not afraid of hail and snow;
- A variety of colors, which allows you to realize various design ideas and projects;
- Strength, which provides the metal tile with the ability to withstand loads, both during its installation and after;
- Fire safety - it does not burn and does not support combustion.
And although some claim that metal tiles cause noise discomfort during rain, this is not at all true. If you choose the right angle of the roof slope and follow the installation technology, no noise will be heard during rainfall.
Metal tiles are not the best choice when arranging roofs with complex structures, since in this case you have to cut the material, resulting in a lot of waste and no savings.
An important feature of installing a metal roof is the installation of sheathing. structures should be from 600 to 1000 mm, the distance between the sheathing bars is 350 mm. The lathing is laid on the waterproofing layer.
Varieties
Depending on the manufacturer, the dimensions of the sheets may vary, which should be taken into account when purchasing. There are several basic parameters, which are then used to calculate the number of sheets required for installation:
- Total length, which is measured between the edges of the edges. Its value can vary between 0.5 - 6 meters, depending on the manufacturer. The most popular option, with a length of 4.5 meters. Such metal tiles are convenient to transport and lift onto the roof, as well as to be used for installation;
- Full width, also measured between the other two edges and can range from 1160 to 1190 mm;
- Sheet thickness - can be of different sizes, depending on the additional coating with protective layers. The most common option is sheets with a metal thickness of 0.5 mm. Thinner options are characterized by increased fragility, while thicker ones are not convenient to install and are used for buildings with a large roof area;
- Wave height and distance between adjacent waves. The standard wave pitch for all manufacturers is 185 mm, but the wave height varies between 0.5 - 0.7 mm;
- Symmetry and asymmetry. Waves can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical; the most popular are options with an asymmetrical structure.
There are also parameters that are required when calculating the number of sheets of metal tiles, which take into account the useful area of the sheet and overlaps. These parameters include:
- Useful length. For most manufacturers it ranges from 1050 to 3500 mm. It takes into account the overlap of the sheets and is 110 - 130 mm less than the full value due to the fact that during installation the sheets overlap each other;
- Usable width. It usually ranges from 60 to 80 mm, and provides reliable protection against water and snow entering the room.
Attention! Metal tile sheets have an upper and lower part, which should be taken into account during installation. If during installation they are turned over and placed differently, there will be a lot of waste and the complexity of the work will increase.
In addition to sheets, additional elements are also produced, which also have their own specific dimensions:
Installation of metal tiles is carried out using roofing self-tapping screws.
Calculation of elements
The calculation of elements for installing a metal roof depends on the complexity of the roof structure. First, calculate the surface area of the roof. If it has a complex structure, it is divided into simple figures, the area of which can be calculated by knowing geometric formulas. Then the areas of all the figures are added up, and the total roof area is obtained.
Important! The roof area is calculated taking into account the length of the roof slope, and not the dimensions of the building.
Depending on the dimensions of the metal tile sheets that were purchased, their usable area should also be calculated. It is determined by the calculation formula for determining the area of a rectangle, since the sheets have an identical shape. Moreover, some stores offer a service for cutting sheets according to parameters specified by the buyer.
The resulting roof area must be divided by the usable area of one sheet. This value will indicate the number of sheets of material required. It is imperative to include a reserve in the calculations, which should be at least 5%. It is necessary in cases where the sheets may have been cut incorrectly, or the value has not been rounded up when calculating.
To calculate the ridge, the length of the roof should be divided by the useful length of the element - 1.9 meters, and the resulting value should be rounded up. To calculate the wind profile, the useful length is also taken, the calculation is similar. You just need to take into account the number of slopes on which this element will be installed and multiply its value by this figure.
To calculate fastening elements, you should take into account the area of the roof, and take self-tapping screws based on the fact that about 6-8 self-tapping screws are required per 1 square meter of metal tiles. Depending on the choice of the manufacturer, the types of fastening elements may differ; they are usually specified by the manufacturer of the metal tile. In addition, for additional elements, the number of fastening screws is calculated based on the fact that their fastening step will be 12-13 cm.
Complex roof structures
A complex roof requires a more detailed description of the calculations. In this case, all roof elements are drawn on paper and divided into simple geometric shapes.
Cutting the material into simple rectangular elements is not difficult and produces little waste. But when cutting diagonally, the amount of waste increases significantly. This must be taken into account when calculating.
When calculating the number of sheets and additional elements, one should take into account their useful dimensions, which, when laid with an overlap, are usually reduced by 10-15 cm.
At the moment, there are a large number of special calculators on the Internet that offer to calculate the material after entering some parameters. But in most cases, such calculations turn out to be inaccurate and with large errors. Therefore, independent calculation will help you save money and correctly calculate the volume of materials, especially since it is not complicated and does not require knowledge of special formulas. You just need to take into account the parameters of the overlaps.
Metal tiles have become a popular covering material today due to their average cost and good performance characteristics. Such as strength, aesthetic appearance, resistance to mechanical stress and negative atmospheric conditions. Durability, reliability and versatility - it is used to cover roofs of any complexity. But before purchasing this roofing material and starting installation, you need to calculate the required amount of metal tiles, taking into account the features and configuration of the roof.
How to calculate the number of metal tile sheets per roof
The calculation is easy to do. To do this, you will need a tape measure and a calculator or an online program that will calculate the required number of sheets (or square meters) based on the data obtained during measurement. When choosing one or another type of metal tile, you need to take into account:
- roof area;
- metal tile shape;
- footage of overlaps of metal tile sheets.
Those who don’t want to do the calculations, but are ready to spend more money, can do it easier - add 10% to the roof area and divide the resulting value by the area of one sheet. But this approach is justified only when covering small and simple-shaped roofs. Otherwise, it is better to devote a few hours to the calculations than to incur unjustified and, moreover, considerable costs. Or use construction calculators.
Video: construction calculator for roof calculations
The area of all roof elements should be calculated using the finished supporting system. Even with strict adherence to design values, deviations are possible during the construction of rafters.
Calculation of material for a pitched roof with metal tiles
Construction of a pitched roof is the simplest and easiest compared to other types of roofs. But the result is a reliable, durable structure on which any covering material can be laid.
A house with a pitched roof made of metal tiles looks original
To calculate metal tiles, let’s take the following data as an example:
Let's do the calculation:
- We calculate the number of metal tile sheets according to the width of the slope. To do this, divide the width of the slope by the useful width of the sheet: 6 / 1.1 = 5.45 ≈ 6 sheets.
- We calculate the number of rows along the length of the slopes: 5.2 m + 0.07 m + 0.3 m + 0.15 m (overlap) = 5.72 m. Based on this, we see that it is more rational to use metal tile sheets with a length of 2.9 m, laid in 2 rows. Since 2.9 m * 2 = 5.8 m > 5.72 m, it means that the length of the sheets is chosen correctly.
- As a result, it will take 12 = (6 * 2) sheets of 2.9 m each to cover the roof. You can, of course, replace them with six sheets 6.1 m long, but such sheets are more difficult to transport, and there will be more waste.
In addition, you will have to purchase:
When calculating a roof or covering material, all rounding is done towards a larger number.
Calculation of metal tiles for a gable roof
A roof structure with a slope of 12–15° is considered optimal for laying metal tiles. If the steepness of the slopes is less, then you will have to install enhanced waterproofing. With a larger angle of inclination, the pitch decreases and the number of fasteners increases. That is, in both cases, the costs of covering the roof with metal tiles will increase.
Covering material of noble cherry color adorns the strict, simple design
With an asymmetrical roof structure, each slope is calculated separately, and the results are summed up.
We leave the initial data the same. We take into account that our roof has a dormer window with dimensions on one slope:
The calculation process is as follows:
- We calculate the number of sheets of metal tiles per element No. 1 - a whole slope. To do this, divide the slope area S = (5.23 + 0.07) * 6 = 31.8 m² by the usable area of 1 sheet of metal tile 2.9 m long: 31.8 m² / ((2.9 – 0.15) * 1.1)) = 10.5 pcs.
- Since our slopes are the same, this means that 10.5 sheets of metal tiles will go to the second slope.
- Total for both slopes you need: 10.5 * 2 = 21 sheets 2.9 meters long.
- We determine the number of sheets for cladding the dormer window. Here you can use sheets 2.25 m long, which are cheaper.
- The area of the dormer window slopes is: 2.5 (base) * 1.4 (height) = 3.5. Because We have two sides, multiply by 2 = 7 m².
- Useful area of 1 sheet 2.25 m long: (2.25 – 0.15) * 1.1 = 2.31 m².
- We calculate the number of sheets: 7 / 2.31 = 3.03 ≈ 3 sheets.
- To summarize - in total, to cover a gable roof with one dormer window you will need: 21 sheets of metal tiles 2.9 m long and 3 sheets 2.25 m long.
Additional elements and fastenings for installing metal tiles on a gable roof:
- skate 8 m (6 + 2) or 5 pcs.;
- cornice strip 12 m + 1 m (dormer window) or 7 pcs.;
- end strip 20.92 m or 11 pcs.;
- upper valleys 5 m or 3 pcs.;
- lower valleys 5 m or 3 pcs.;
- colored screws 4.8*35 two packs of 250 pcs. for fastening sheets;
- colored screws 4.8*50 150 pieces (1 pack) for fastening ridge and cornice elements.
Video: metal roofing - calculation of elements to order
Calculation of metal tiles for a hip roof
A hip roof is a type of hip roof, consisting of two triangular slopes and two trapezoid slopes. T This design requires the presence of a complex rafter system. Nevertheless, it is very popular due to its main advantages:
Since the height of the roof in our example is 4.5 m, accordingly, the length of the slopes, taking into account the slope, is 5.23 m. Knowing these values, we can calculate the length of the ridge using geometric formulas. In our example, the ridge is 0.8 m.
To calculate metal tiles for a hip structure, a diagram is required
In addition to the metal tile sheets you will need:
The total footage of all additional elements is calculated by adding all the lengths, taking into account the overlaps.
Varieties of hip construction
Varieties of hip construction are no less popular among private developers. In particular, the Dutch type of roof (half-hip). Calculate the amount of metal tiles to cover a half-hip roof in the same way as a full hip roof. The difference is only two triangular slopes, the area of which will be smaller, which means that less covering material will be required.
A convenient roof configuration allows you to create a spacious and bright attic
Let’s say the length of the half-hip slopes is ⅓ less than the side ones. Let’s not complicate the calculation and separately calculate the area of the triangular slopes using geometric functions. We simply divide their total area by 3 and get the value for the half-hips: 22.5 m² / 3 = 7.5 m² with a length of side slopes of 1.74 m (5.23 / 3). Based on the calculations, we see that metal tile sheets of shorter length are suitable for covering two half-hips. This, of course, will reduce the cost of purchasing covering material.
So, to cover a half-hip structure you need to purchase:
- for finishing trapezoidal slopes with an area of 30.6 m² - 10 sheets of metal tiles 2.9 m long;
- and to cover two half-hips - 3.24 = (7.5 / 2.31) ≈ 4 sheets 2.25 m long. Accordingly, the additional elements are recalculated - the footage of the ridge and cornices is reduced, but end strips are added.
Hip roof
The hipped design is very suitable for square buildings, rectangular buildings with a slight difference between length and width, and round ones. In the first case, there will be four completely identical triangular-shaped slopes. In the second - the same two pairs of triangular slopes, with small deviations in area. And in the third - triangular slopes of equal area, the number of which is determined by the parameters of the building. A special feature of the tent structure is the absence of a ridge.
Hip roof is ideal for square buildings
Let's calculate the amount of Monterrey metal tiles for this roof configuration, since it is also in great demand in suburban housing construction.
The initial data is the same as what we set at the very beginning. For a house measuring 5x6 m, to cover a hipped roof with metal tiles you will need:
- To cover the first pair of slopes (along the length of the building), the area of these two triangular slopes is 27 m² = (6 / 2 * 4.5 * 2). Their flooring will use 8.9 ≈ 9 sheets of metal tiles 2.9 m long.
- To cover the second pair of slopes - along the width of the building - we calculate similarly: (5 / 2 * 4.5 * 2) / 3.03 (useful area of one sheet 2.9 m long) = 7.4 ≈ 8 sheets.
- Let's calculate the cornice strips: 5 * 2 + 6 * 2 = 22 m or 11.5 ≈ 12 pieces.
- We determine the ridge elements for facing the ribs: 5.23 * 4 = 20.92 ≈ 21 m or 11–12 pieces.
- Fastening elements at the rate of 7 screws per 1 m²: 49.5 * 7 = 350 pieces or 2 packages and 1 package for fixing ridge and cornice elements, which are fixed in increments of 12–13 cm.
Video: hip roof calculator - review of the Zhitov Calc program for Android
Broken hip (half-hip) roof
Broken hip or half-hip structures are less common due to the complexity of their arrangement. Although they look simply fascinating - you won’t look away for a long time, especially when the color scheme for the facade and roofing is skillfully selected.
A broken mansard half-hipped roof gives a residential building amazing beauty
For further calculation of the covering material, the complex roof structure is broken down into simple geometric shapes
The results obtained are then summarized. In order not to get confused in the calculations, it is better to use an online calculator on the website of the seller of the selected roofing sheet or use special programs for calculating the roof.
When calculating the slopes of complex structures, you do not need to subtract the area of bay windows, ledges, roof windows, etc. from the result. This will be a reserve that is not taken into account when calculating the roofing material.
Calculation of roofing material using an online calculator
- We choose the roof shape - broken mansard gable.
- We enter the dimensions upon request, focusing on our initial data - the length of the ridge (we have 6 m), the length of the side slope to the break line is 3.49 m (let's assume that on one slope the break line runs at a distance of ⅔ from the ridge). The length of the side slope after the break is, respectively, 5.23 – 3.49 = 1.74 m. We enter the data for the second slope in the same way - here, for example, we will make a break ⅓ from the ridge, that is, asymmetry. Then the length before the break will be 1.74 m, and after 3.49 m.
- We choose the material - we chose metal tiles coated with MPE 0.5 matte polyester.
- Click on the result and see a calculation of not only the amount of material needed, but also the cost. So, according to our entered data, we will need 48 m² of metal tiles, 6 m of ridge, 12 m of eaves strips and 16 m of end strips. Self-tapping screws 48*35 250 pieces (2 packs) and 48*50 100 pieces (1 pack). In monetary terms, today laying a roof covering made of MPE 0.5 matte polyester metal tiles on a broken attic roof will cost 22,760 rubles.
Video: instructions for the “Roof Calculation” program
The calculation took literally minutes. So the help of these programs is quite noticeable. To be more confident, you can make several identical calculations on different sites. They must match. In case of a small error, choose a larger result. Not by amount, of course, but by footage, since prices fluctuate depending on the seller and supplier of roofing materials.
Video: how much does a Grand Line metal tile roof cost in different coatings?
Calculation of roofing material using special programs
In addition to the online calculator, you can use more serious programs written to calculate the roof as a whole - the load-bearing (rafter) system and the enclosing (roofing pie). This is the “Roofing Pro” program known to builders, the SketchUp program, Zhitov Calc, which allows you to carry out calculations from an Android smartphone, etc.
Video: how to make a roof in Sketchup
The ArchiCad program deserves attention, with which you can model and calculate the entire house. Starting with the terrain and ending with the roofing - the “Roof” section in ArchiCad.
Of course, you need to have computer knowledge at the level of a confident Internet user and construction basics. And then mastering any construction program will not be difficult. And the benefits will be great. Especially for those who are already building a house with their own hands, or are just thinking about their own country home.
Material standards for metal roofing
Using metal tiles to cover roofs is a profitable solution if all measurements and calculations are made correctly. In addition, the roofs of the houses turn out to be very attractive. With the help of such material, you can smooth out the defects of the facade, or, on the contrary, you can emphasize its advantages. Multi-colored sheets of metal tiles on one roof will make it elegant, colorful, and eye-catching.
Metal tiles of different shades can be used on one roof
Dark colors in combination with a light facade will look impressive.
Dark colors of metal tiles are in great harmony with light facades
Neutral, calmer tones will give the house an impressive and good quality look. That is, metal tiles give scope to any imagination.
The calm gray color of the metal tiles on the roof of the house gives the entire structure a sophisticated, strict and rich look.
And in order for a metal tile roof to delight you for many years, you need to follow certain standards, installation and operation rules:
Installation of roofing under metal tiles is regulated by methodological documentation prescribed in MDS 12–47 of 2008 “Installation of metal tile roofing. Project of work production".
Table: the need for roofing materials when installing a roof under metal tiles
| Name of materials | Unit | Consumption rate per 10 m2 of roofing | Requirement for 92 m 2 of roofing |
| Sheathing device: | |||
| boards 32*100 mm | m 3 | 0,12 | 1,1 |
| bars (40–75)*(75–100) mm | m 3 | 0,06 | 0,55 |
| Thermal insulation device: | |||
| thermal insulation boards mineral wool (thickness 100 mm) | m 3 | 1,11 | 10,21 |
| anti-condensation film | m 2 | 1,05 | 97,0 |
| vapor-proof film | m 2 | 1,05 | 97,0 |
| Roof installation: | |||
| metal tiles | m 2 | Direct calculation | 98 |
| sheet steel (0.7 mm) for valleys | m 2 | 10 | |
| end strip | m length | 26 | |
| cornice strip | m length | 15 | |
| ridge strip | m length | 14 | |
The need for roofing materials is determined based on standards and direct calculations. In addition, the need for equipment and tools is regulated by standards.
Table: need for technology and tools
| Name | Type, brand, standard | Main settings | Purpose |
| Automotive crane | KS-3571 | Load capacity 2.5 t, boom length 14.0 m | Lifting operations |
| Textile tape sling | TU 3150–010–16979227 | Load capacity 3.0 t | Slinging a package of metal tiles |
| Traverse-grab | TR4 OJSC "NIPI Promstalkonstruktsiya" | Load capacity up to 50.0 kg | Slinging a sheet of metal tiles |
| Electric scissors | S-424 | The thickness of the cut sheet is up to 1 mm | Sheet cutting |
| Manual drilling machine | IE-1032 | Hole diameter up to 8 mm | Drilling holes for screws |
| Steel tape measure | RZ-20, GOST 7502 | Length 20 m | Dimensional control |
| Verification rod | VM-R-5.1 | Length 2 m | Straightness control |
| Inventory fencing for the work site | GOST 23407 | Height 1.6 m | Ensuring work safety |
| Safety belt with handrail | GOST R 50849 | Handrail length 3 m |
Video: calculating the cost of a metal roofing
Correct calculations of metal tiles, waterproofing materials, additional elements and fasteners guarantee the reliability of the roof and the durability of the house. Having drawn a roof plan, you can easily arrange it yourself, having 2-3 assistants. You just need to adhere to the specified calculations and standards, as well as comply with the installation conditions. And then the roof of a house of any design will be a feast for the eyes.