Political map of Europe. Political map of foreign Europe

The map of Europe shows the western part of the continent of Eurasia (Europe). The map shows the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Seas washed by Europe: Northern, Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Barents, Caspian.

Here you can see a political map of Europe with countries, a physical map of Europe with cities (capitals of European countries), an economic map of Europe. Most maps of Europe are presented in Russian.

Large map of European countries in Russian

The large map of European countries in Russian shows all the countries and cities of Europe with their capitals. The large map of Europe shows roads. The map shows the distances between the main cities of Europe. The map in the upper left corner contains a map of the island of Iceland. The map of Europe is made in Russian on a scale of 1:4500000. In addition to the island of Iceland, the islands of Europe are shown on the map: Great Britain, Sardinia, Corsica, Balearic Islands, Maine, Zealand Islands.

Map of Europe with countries (Political map)

On the map of Europe with countries, on the political map all the countries of Europe are shown. The countries on the map of Europe are: Austria, Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican City, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Finland, France, Croatia, Montenegro, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden and Estonia. All symbols on the map are in Russian. All European countries are marked with their borders and main cities, including capitals. The political map of Europe shows the main ports of European countries.

Map of European countries in Russian

The map of European countries in Russian shows the countries of Europe, the capitals of European countries, the oceans and seas washing Europe, the islands: Faroe, Scottish, Hebrides, Orkney, Balearic, Crete and Rhodes.

Physical map of Europe with countries and cities.

On physical map Europe with countries and cities indicates the countries of Europe, the main cities of Europe, European rivers, seas and oceans with depths, mountains and hills of Europe, lowlands of Europe. The physical map of Europe shows the largest peaks of Europe: Elbrus, Mont Blanc, Kazbek, Olympus. Separately highlighted maps of the Carpathians (scale 1:8000000), map of the Alps (scale 1:8000000), map of the Strait of Gibraltai (scale 1:1000000). On the physical map of Europe, all symbols are in Russian.

Economic map of Europe

The economic map of Europe shows industrial centers. The centers of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy in Europe, the centers of mechanical engineering and metalworking of Europe, the centers of the chemical and petrochemical industries of Europe, the centers of the timber industry, the centers of production are plotted building materials Europe, centers of light and food industries. On the economic map of Europe, lands with the cultivation of various crops are highlighted in color. The map of Europe shows mining sites and power plants in Europe. The size of the mining icon depends on the economic importance of the deposit.

If we do not take into account dependent regions and incompletely recognized states, then Europe in 2017 covers 44 powers. Each of them has a capital, in which not only its administration is located, but also supreme authority, that is, the government of the state.

European countries

The territory of Europe extends from east to west for more than 3 thousand kilometers, and from south to north (from the island of Crete to the island of Spitsbergen) for 5 thousand kilometers. The majority of European powers are relatively small. With such small sizes of territories and good transport accessibility, these states either closely border each other or are separated by very short distances.

The European continent is divided territorially into parts:

western;
eastern;
northern;
southern

All powers, located on the European continent, belong to one of these territories.

There are 11 countries in the western region.
In the east - 10 (including Russia).
In the north - 8.
In the south - 15.

We list all European countries and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.

Western

List of states belonging to Western Europe, with a list of main cities:

The states of Western Europe are washed mainly by the currents of the Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula they border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean. In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they stand out as an unfavorable demographic situation. This is a low birth rate and low level natural increase in population. In Germany there is even a population decline. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration; it turned into the main center of labor immigration.

Eastern

List of states located in the eastern zone of the European continent and their capitals:

Eastern European countries have a lower level economic development than its western neighbors. However, they better preserved their cultural and ethnic identity. Eastern Europe- This is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. Just in time eastern territory Russian expanses can also be attributed to Europe. And the geographic center of Eastern Europe is located approximately within Ukraine.

Northern

The list of states included in northern Europe, including capitals, looks like this:

The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Spitsbergen and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions makes up only 4% of the entire European population. The largest country in the eight is Sweden, and the smallest is Iceland. The population density in these lands is lower in Europe - 22 people/m2, and in Iceland - only 3 people/m2. This is due harsh conditions climate zone. And here economic indicators developments single out northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.

South

And finally, the most numerous list of territories located in the southern part and the capitals of European states:

The Balkan and Iberian peninsulas are occupied by these southern European powers. Industry is developed here, especially ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. The countries are rich in mineral resources. IN agriculture main efforts aimed at growing food products such as:

grape;
olives;
pomegranate;
dates.

It is known that Spain is the world's leading olive harvesting country. This is where 45% of everything is produced olive oil in the world. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miró.

European Union

The idea of creating a single community of European powers appeared in the middle of the twentieth century, or more precisely after the Second World War. The official unification of the countries of the European Union (EU) occurred only in 1992, when this union was sealed by the legal consent of the parties. Over time, the membership of the European Union has expanded and now includes 28 allies. And states that want to join these prosperous countries will have to prove their compliance with European foundations and EU principles, such as:

protection of citizens' rights;
democracy;
freedom of trade in a developed economy.

EU Members

The European Union in 2017 includes the following states:

Today there are also candidate countries to join this foreign community. These include:

Albania.
Serbia.
Macedonia.
Montenegro.
Türkiye.

On the map of the European Union you can clearly see its geography, European countries and their capitals.

Regulations and prerogatives of EU partners

The EU has a customs policy under which its members can trade with each other without tariffs and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the accepted customs tariff applies. Having general laws, the countries of the European Union created a single market and introduced a single currency - the euro. Many EU member countries are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely throughout the territory of all allies.

The European Union has governing bodies common to its member countries, which include:

European Court.
European Parliament.
European Commission.
The audit community that controls the EU budget.

Despite the unity, European states that have joined the community have complete independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But there are certain criteria for all participants, and they must meet them. For example, coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.

It should be noted that since its founding, only one power has left the European community. This was the Danish autonomy - Greenland. In 1985, she was outraged by the low quotas imposed by the European Union on fishing. You can also remember the sensational events in 2016 referendum in Great Britain, when the population voted for the country to leave the European Union. This suggests that even in such an influential and seemingly stable community, serious problems are brewing.

Map of Europe in Russian online interactive

(This map of Europe allows you to switch between different viewing modes. For detailed study, the map can be enlarged using the “+” sign)

The cities presented in this article are the most romantic in all of Europe. They are very popular among tourists around the globe, as best places for romantic trips.

First place, of course, goes to Paris with its world famous Eiffel Tower y. This city seems to be thoroughly saturated with the subtle aromas of love and French charm. Adds a romantic and loving mood beautiful parks, old houses and cozy cafes. There is nothing more beautiful and wonderful than a declaration of love made on the Eiffel Tower, towering above the brightly shining lights of Paris.

Second place in the list of romantic places went to prim London, or rather, its Ferris wheel - the London Eye. If the Paris weekend didn’t impress you, then you can add some thrill to your relationship with your significant other by taking a ride on a huge Ferris wheel. The only thing is that you need to book your seats in advance, because... There are too many people who want to ride this attraction. Inside, the Ferris wheel cabin is made into a mini-restaurant, designed for two or three people. Except for the couple in love, that is. the third person will be the waiter, whose responsibilities include setting the table, serving champagne, chocolate and strawberries. The time spent in the booths takes approximately half an hour. During this time, a dizzying romantic excursion awaits you.

Third place on the list went to the Greek island of Santorini, which is located near Cyprus. Once upon a time this island, together with the rocks surrounding it, was just a volcano. But after a strong eruption, part of the island went under water, and the rest, i.e. crater and formed the island of Santorini. The island attracts with its unique contrasts of churches and snow-white houses, which shine against the backdrop of black volcanic soil and blue sea. In this fabulous place you feel in seventh heaven, succumbing to the romantic splendor of Greece.

In the East and Southeast (on the border with Asia) border of Europe considered a ridge Ural mountains. The extreme points of this part of the world are considered: in the North - Cape Nordkin 71° 08’ northern latitude. In the south the extreme point is considered Cape Maroki, which is located at 36° north latitude. In the West, the extreme point is considered to be Cape of Destiny, located 9° 34’ east longitude, and in the east - the eastern part of the foot of the Urals up to about Baydaratskaya Bay, located at 67° 20' east longitude.
The western and northern shores of Europe are washed by the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Bay of Biscay, and the Mediterranean, Marmara and Azov Seas cut deeply into from South. The seas of the Arctic Ocean - Norwegian, Barents, Kara, White - wash Europe on far north. In the southeast is the closed Caspian Sea-lake, formerly part of the ancient Mediterranean-Black Sea basin.

Europe is a part of the world, most of whose territory is in the Eastern Hemisphere. The Strait of Gibraltar separates it from Africa, the Bosphorus and Dardanelles from Asia, the eastern and south-eastern conventional border runs along the eastern foothills of the Urals and along the main Caucasian ridge.
Europe as a continent is characterized by the following features. Firstly, it is a large single monolith with Asia and therefore the division into Europe is more of a historical than physical-geographical nature. Secondly, it is relatively small in area - about 10.5 million sq. km. (together with the European part of Russia and Turkey), that is, only 500 thousand sq. km from Canada. Only Australia is smaller than Europe. Thirdly, a significant part of the territory of Europe consists of peninsulas - the Iberian, Apennine, Balkan, Scandinavian. Fourthly, mainland Europe is surrounded by sufficient large islands(Great Britain, Spitsbergen, New Earth, Iceland, Sicily, Sardinia, etc.), which significantly expand its territory. Fifthly, Europe is the only continent that does not occupy the tropical zone, which means that the natural diversity of climatic zones and plant zones is somewhat lower here.

Europe has been and remains an important macro-region in political, economic and cultural life the entire planet.
Within Europe there are 43 independent states. In terms of territory size, they are small and quite compact. Largest states Europe is , France, Spain, Sweden, which occupy an area of 603.7; 552.0; 504.8; 449.9 thousand km2. is a Eurasian power, covering an area of 17.1 million km2. Only twelve countries have an area from 100 to 449 thousand km2. 19 countries have an area from 20 to 100 thousand km2. Smallest area occupied by the so-called dwarf countries of the Vatican, Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta.
All European countries, with the exception of the Vatican, are members of the United Nations.
For a long time, Europe of the 20th century. was divided into two parts - Eastern and Western. The first included the former so-called socialist countries (Central-Eastern or Middle and Eastern Europe), and the second - capitalist ( Western Europe). The events of the late 80s and early 90s radically changed the nature of the modern era. The collapse of the socialist system led to the unification of the German states into single state(1990), the formation of independent independent states on the territory of the former Soviet Union(1991), the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1992, Czechoslovakia - in 1993 All this should not only be political, but also of great economic importance. Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe, as well as the countries of the Adriatic-Black Sea subregion, are gradually creating a market economy.

The new phase of detente, which began in the late 80s and early 90s of the 20th century, created a completely new situation. The idea of a pan-European home from the Atlantic to the Urals has become an objective reality. Conditions for existence have been created various forms integration into different regions Europe, including Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe. The first such “swallow” in the conditions new Europe there was an attempt to create an interstate association back in the early 1990s, which the neighboring states of Austria, Hungary, Italy and the former Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia called the “Pentagonalia” (now “Octagonal”). This combination of states with different political and socio-economic status showed that neighboring states have many common problems (protection environment, energy use, cooperation in the field of culture, scientific and technical progress). After the collapse of the CMEA, a geopolitical vacuum arose in Central-Eastern Europe. Countries are looking for a way out of it in regional and subregional integration. Thus, in February 1991, the Visegrad subregional association emerged consisting of Poland, Hungary and the former Czechoslovakia, which pursued the goal of accelerating the entry of these countries into pan-European integration processes.

Shores of Europe heavily indented by bays and straits, there are many peninsulas and islands. The largest peninsulas are Scandinavian, Jutland, Iberian, Apennine, Balkan and Crimean. They take up about 1/4 total area Europe.

The area of the European islands exceeds 700 thousand km2. This is Novaya Zemlya, the Franz Josef Land archipelago, Spitsbergen, Iceland, Great Britain, and Ireland. In the Mediterranean Sea there are such large islands as Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia.

In the waters washing the shores of the European landmass, transport routes that lead to Africa and America intersect, and also connect European countries with each other.Europe. In the south-east is the undrained Caspian Sea - lake.

Coast of strongly indented bays and straits, there are many peninsulas and islands.The largest peninsula are Scandinavian, Jutland, Iberian, Apennine, Balkan and Crimea.They occupy about 1/4 of the total area of Europe.

European islands area exceeds 700 km2.This Novaya Zemlya archipelago of Franz Josef Land, Spitsbergen, Iceland, UK, Ireland.In the Mediterranean, there are such large islands as Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia.

In the waters around the coast of the European land transport cross paths that lead to Africa and America, as well as bind Europe together.

Europe is part of the continent of Eurasia. This part of the world is home to 10% of the world's population. Europe owes its name to the heroine ancient greek mythology. Europe is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Inland seas - Black, Mediterranean, Marmara. The eastern and southeastern border of Europe runs along the Ural Range, the Emba River and the Caspian Sea.

IN Ancient Greece believed that Europe is a separate continent that separates the Black and Aegean Seas from Asia, and the Mediterranean Sea from Africa. Later it was found that Europe is only part of a huge continent. The area of the islands that make up the continent is 730 thousand square kilometers. 1/4 of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas - Apennine, Balkan, Kola, Scandinavian and others.

The highest point in Europe is the peak of Mount Elbrus, which is 5642 meters above sea level. A map of Europe with countries in Russian shows that the largest lakes in the region are Geneva, Chudskoye, Onega, Ladoga and Balaton.

All European countries are divided into 4 regions - Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern. Europe consists of 65 countries. 50 countries are independent states, 9 are dependent and 6 are unrecognized republics. Fourteen countries are islands, 19 are inland, and 32 countries have access to oceans and seas. The map of Europe with countries and capitals shows the borders of all European states. The three states have their territories in both Europe and Asia. These are Russia, Kazakhstan and Türkiye. Spain, Portugal and France have part of their territory in Africa. Denmark and France have their territories in America.

The European Union includes 27 countries, and the NATO bloc includes 25. There are 47 states in the Council of Europe. The most small state Europe - the Vatican, and the largest - Russia.

The collapse of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the division of Europe into Eastern and Western. Eastern Europe is the largest region of the continent. In Slavic countries it predominates Orthodox religion, in the rest - Catholicism. Cyrillic and Latin scripts are used. Western Europe unites Latin-speaking states. This part of the continent is the most economically developed part in the world. The Scandinavian and Baltic states unite to form Northern Europe. South Slavic, Greek and Romance-speaking countries form Southern Europe.