Many lovers of foreign road trips willy-nilly pass through Poland. Some people really don’t like Poland because of the narrow roads and heavy traffic.
Someone is trying in every possible way to get around it, using the Stockholm-Rodby and Klaipeda-Sassnitz ferries.
The majority (judging by the pre-New Year queues in and Domachevo) still travel through Poland. And once they go, they communicate with local residents in hotels, cafes, gas stations or, God forbid, in services. It is possible, of course, like the hero of “The Marriage of Figaro”, who made do with only English expression God damn it, try to act in Poland as well. But, I’m afraid, you won’t get by with “Clear Cholera” alone :) English, French and German will not always help. We will try to compile a short glossary of the necessary terms and expressions. Let's start with greetings. One has only to take into account that in Polish there is no our polite “you”. Therefore, addressing “you” is not at all familiar. There is also an official version of address in the 3rd person singular using the words “pan” or “pani”.
Good afternoon – Dzien dobry (good day)
Good evening – Dobry wieczor (good evening)
Tomorrow - Jutro (yutro)
Morning – Ranek (early) Morning – Rano (early)
Thank you – Dziekuje(zenkuje)
Please – Prosze (prosher)
Sorry – Przepraszam (psheprasham)
The Polish language has a lot of sibilant sounds. The combination “sz” is pronounced like “sh”, “cz” - like “ch”, “rz” - like “zh” or “sh”.
Now let's turn to road service facilities and other inscriptions found along the road.
Let's start with gas stations. In Polish they are called “Stacija paliw” (paliw station). There are almost no old gas stations left in Poland. Modern ones belong to both local chains “Orlen”, “Huzar”, “Bliska”,
and transnational “Statoil”, “BP”, “Shell”. Fuel on the former is slightly cheaper than on the latter.
At the price stands everything is quite simple. ON means diesel fuel, and LPG means gas.
The next most important after the gas station is the car wash. Moreover, at least 700 km to Brest usually leave very noticeable dirty marks on the body of the car. In Brest, as always, “by appointment only,” so we will wash in Poland. And a Polish car wash is much cheaper than ours. The author usually washed a dirty car for 12-18 pln. (150-220 rubles) On the outskirts of cities along the main roads, the following inscriptions are easily found:
They mean the following: at the end there is a car wash. Top – hand wash, interior cleaning, wax coating. A stationary sink might look like this. The inscription “bezdotykowa” means “contactless”.
There are a lot of self-service car washes in Poland. They are noticeably cheaper than regular ones.
Self-service car washes must have detailed operating instructions.
What else could a road traveler need? Tire fitting, of course. In Polish it looks like this. The inscriptions above the entrances to the pits mean the well-known “tires and rims” among us.
Here the sign above the tire shop is completely different. Literal translation – tire center. Nearby there is an inscription - “wheel geometry”, meaning “in our opinion” - “wheel alignment”.
Let's sum up the intermediate results. Opony or ogumienie are tires, felgi are wheels, and tire fitting can be hidden under the signs wulkanizacja or serwis opon.
In case of other breakdowns, look for the “Auto serwis” sign.
or “Mechanika pojazdowa”. On the left side of the sign it says “Oil Change”. “Oleje” means butter in Polish.
And this branded oil service from Castrol is no match for the previous private box.
I really wouldn’t want anyone to need a workshop under the sign “Auto szyby”, which means “auto glass”.
Silencers in Polish are “tlumiki”.
You should look for small auto items (I hope you won’t need anything large) in Auto czesci stores.
Don't be alarmed when you see a sign like this. It's just a car shop. In Polish, any store is called sklep (crypt).
It’s time to remember your beloved self :) First, let’s go shopping. Let's start with food. Here is a fairly inexpensive network, common in small towns. In the “trading hierarchy” it corresponds to our “Pyaterochka”. Only the prices are much lower, and the quality is much higher.
This is also a fairly simple chain store, but with a very good choice quality and inexpensive products.
No one bothers you to shop in ordinary small stores. But in this store the selection (and prices) will probably be better...
than in this :)
The topic of shopping is absolutely immense. I will only say that Polish products are usually inexpensive and of high quality, although Chinese junk can also be found there. This is an inexpensive clothing store.
And here on the department store you can see the inscription: “Trading house Podvale.”
Somehow we got distracted. Our goal is to go through Poland as quickly as possible, so we don’t have much time for crypt shops. But we definitely need to eat, especially since the food in Poland is tasty and inexpensive. In order to have lunch or just a snack, it is absolutely not necessary to visit the cities. On any road (except for very “3-digit” ones), you will definitely come across Zajazd or Karczma. The literal translation of the word “zayazd” is an inn. Usually you can eat and spend the night there.
But karczma (tavern) has a purely food purpose. Most often, it is built of wood and stylized as Khlop (peasant) or Gural (mountain) architecture.
Well, we’ve eaten, now we can sleep :) Accommodations (noclegy) in Poland are inexpensive and comfortable. For 200-250 pln you can find a wonderful 3-4* hotel. The word “Hotel” will appear on its sign.
A more modest establishment can be called “Hotelik” :) Its price is somewhere around 120-150 pln.
“Gifts” (gosciniec) are at approximately the same level, but under the sign of Zakwaterowanie there will most likely be something quite modest.
We just have to deal with the Polish road signs and pointers that have their own characteristics. Most Polish roads go through populated areas, and photo radars are installed in villages and villages. Signs must indicate their presence. Such…
or like that.
On dangerous sections of the road, signs with the word “wypadki” are installed. Alas, this is not precipitation, this is an accident.
“Attacks” can be like this.
In small towns we often encounter signs that are unfamiliar to us. At the exit from the fire station there is a sign that says “departure. guard."
A similar sign warns about the departure of ambulances (pogotowie ratunkowe in Polish).
But this sign is installed under the “pedestrian crossing” sign and means “attention children.”
On Polish roads you can often see such a sign under the “Winding Road” sign, it indicates the number of windings :)
If their number cannot be described, then they simply write...
But this is not an ordinary sign. It takes place in northern Poland, where many roads have been lined with trees since Prussian times. The warning reads: “trees on the edge of the road.”
And in Bialystok, under the sign “Other dangers”, a sign with the word “piesi” was found. It means pedestrians, not dogs at all, although in Polish dog is pies.
Finally a concept that I won't be able to illustrate. If in response to the question “How to get there?”, they tell you “Cialy czas prosto” (Cialy hour is simple), this means “Straight all the time” :)
Of course, this writing does not pretend to be deep and comprehensive, but if it helps someone overcome Poland more comfortably, then the task will be completed.
Thanks to everyone who posted the photos used here for free access.
Polish is one of the Slavic languages, so speakers of Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian languages will find it quite easy to master it. Some words are very similar, the syntax and other grammatical structures are similar.
So, the very first thing you need to know is how many letters are in the Polish alphabet? 32 letters.
At the same time, the Poles have a Latin alphabet, but with the addition of special letters denoting sounds characteristic of Polish speech that are absent in other languages that use the Latin alphabet.
Note, the letters Q, V and X are missing from the alphabet, but they can occur in words of foreign (non-Polish) origin, especially in proper names.
Letter | Pronunciation of letters (audio) | Example | Pronunciation of the word (audio) |
---|---|---|---|
A a | pr a c a | ||
Job | |||
Ą ą | m ą ż | ||
[ɔ/ou] | husband | ||
B b | nie b o | ||
sky | |||
C c | With O | ||
[ʦ/ts] | What | ||
Ć ć | by ć | ||
[ʨ/whose] | be | ||
D d | d aleko | ||
far | |||
E e | t eż | ||
[ɛ/e] | too, also | ||
Ę ę | imi ę | ||
[ε/eu] | Name | ||
F f | f ilm | ||
movie | |||
G g | g ość | ||
guest | |||
H h | h erbata | ||
tea | |||
I i | iść | ||
go | |||
J j | j echać | ||
drive | |||
K k | k awa | ||
coffee | |||
Ll | l ubić | ||
be in love | |||
Ł ł | mi ł y | ||
Cute | |||
Mm | m ost | ||
bridge | |||
Nn | ra n o | ||
morning | |||
Ń ń | ta ń czyć | ||
[ɲ/н] | dance | ||
O o | o kn o | ||
[ɔ/o] | window | ||
Ó ó | m ó c | ||
be able | |||
P p | p rzerwa | ||
break | |||
R r | r obić | ||
do | |||
Ss | s yn | ||
son | |||
Ś ś | ś roda | ||
[ɕ/ш] | Wednesday | ||
T t | t eraz | ||
Now | |||
U u | sz u kać | ||
search | |||
W w | w olny | ||
free | |||
Y y | cz y | ||
[ɨ/s] | whether | ||
Z z | z amek | ||
lock | |||
Ź ź | je ź dzić | ||
[ʒ/w] | ride | ||
Ż ż | ż ona | ||
[ʑ/zh] | wife |
How to learn?
To learn the Polish alphabet you need to know how its letters and combinations are read. We'll talk about this further.
Pronunciation of letter combinations
In addition to those mentioned above, in the Polish language there are combinations of letters pronounced as one sound:
Pronunciation of vowels
Polish vowels are in many ways similar to Russian vowels in pronunciation, but there are some differences.
Letters a, e, y, u, j
The sound of the letter " A"is fully consistent with Russian. For example, Polish k a w a(Russian coffee) is pronounced [ kava].
« E“sounds like the Russian “E”: zamek (Russian castle) – [ zamek].
« U"corresponds to the Russian "Y": rybny (Russian fish) - [ fishy], stary (Russian old) - [ old].
Polish " U"is completely similar to the Russian "U": kurtka (Russian jacket) - [ jacket].
In combination with the preceding “i”, the pronunciation may change slightly - see below for more on this.
« J" is often called a semivowel. It fully corresponds to the Russian “Y”: jasny (Russian clear) - [ clear].
How to read the letter "i"?
Letter " i"in most cases coincides with the Russian "and": minister (Russian minister) - [ minister], malina (Russian raspberry) - [ raspberries].
However, in a number of combinations the sound " i" is not pronounced at all, but is an indication that the previous consonant is being softened. These combinations include "ia", "ie", "iu" and "io".
Examples:
- miasto (city) - [ meaty];
- piosenka (song) - [ little dog];
- tiul (tulle) - [ tulle];
- bieg (running) - [ beck];
- wiek (century) - [ century].
In words of foreign origin, these combinations can form the sounds “yo”, “ye”, “ya”, “yu”. Examples: historia (Russian history) - [ histor'ya], armya (Russian army) - [ arm'ya].
Vowels o, ó
« ABOUT- corresponds to the Russian “O”, but is always pronounced in this form, without turning into “A”.
One of the most common mistakes made by native speakers of the Russian language, especially from its central and southern regions of distribution, is the habit of “swearing” Polish words - this is a mistake! For example, the word pogoda (Russian weather) Always pronounced like [ weather] And never How [ pagoda], and robotnik (Russian worker) always sounds like [ botnik], and the form [ worker] is incorrect.
Somewhat more difficult with the vowel " Ó " It is pronounced like the Russian “U”, but is often used in words similar to their Russian counterparts, but with the letter “O”. For example, góra (Russian mountain) - [ gura], wódka (Russian vodka) - [ branch].
Besides, " Ó " often turns into a regular "O" when the form of the word changes (declension, changes in numbers, etc.): ogród (Russian garden) - [ ógrut], but ogrody (Russian gardens) - [ fences], mój (Russian my) - [ muy], but mojego (Russian: mine) - [ my].
"Nasal" ę, ą
These vowels, due to the specifics of their pronunciation, are called nasal. They sound like ę – [en], ą – [He]. The “N” sound at the end is pronounced with a slight nasal sound. For ease of transcription, we agree to write these letters/sounds in the following pronunciation: ę – [en], ą – [He]: język (Russian language) - [ language], zakąska (Russian snack) - [ legal].
There are a number of exceptions:
- Letter ę at the end of the word it is pronounced like the letter “e”: imię (Russian name) - [ um'ye].
- Before the letters c, d, t and combinations dz, dź, cz ę sounds like a full-fledged [ en], A ą How [ He] without any nasal sounds: mętny (Russian muddy) - [ mentny], mądry (Russian wise) - [ mondra].
- Before ć and the combination dż – “n” in both sounds is softened: ę — [en], ą [ he].
- Before the letters b and p, the nasal sound is retained, but turns into “M”, i.e. ę – [Em], ą – [ohm]: zęby (Russian teeth) - [ zemba], dąb (Russian oak) - [ domp].
- Before l and ł, both letters lose their nasal sound, retaining only sounds ę – [uh], ą – [O]: zginął (Russian he died) - [ zginov], zginęła (Russian she died) - [ zgineva].
Pronunciation of consonants
Pronouncing Polish consonants is not difficult. They are very similar to Russians:
- Voiced consonants at the end of a word are also deafened: Bug (Russian Bug River) – [ beech].
- Voiced consonants that come before deaf ones also sound dull: budka (Russian booth) – [ bottle].
It should be remembered, What " G" is always pronounced as a hard Russian "G" - it never softens and does not transform into other sounds: dobrego (Russian gender case - good) - [ good]. Forms [ good] or [ good] are unacceptable!
Letters H And CH- these are different spellings of the same sound, equal to the Russian “X”.
Accent
The easiest way to deal with accents is - in the vast majority of cases the penultimate syllable is stressed.
Exceptions to this rule are so rare that they are not found in all dictionaries.
Words ending in –ski, -cki and –dzki
Words with endings –ski, -cki and –dzki deserve special attention. Most often they are found in the names of geographical objects. They are pronounced (in Polish) in accordance with the rules described above, but in Russian they have analogues:
- Adjectives in – ski, —cki are transmitted in the corresponding number and gender of the Russian form: Puszcza Notecka [ Notecka Forest] – Note Tskaya Pushcha
- In case of suffix – sk- the consonant sound present in the noun from which the adjective is derived is restored: Kaliski [ calisques] comes from Kalisz [ Kalish] - Russian form of Kali w skiy.
- In words to - dzki endings are conveyed as " -dsky", if the stem noun had a final letter "d", and " -dzskiy" - if the word ended in "dz": Grudziądzki (stem noun Grudzią dz), meaning the Russian form of Grudzen dzsky, but Starogradzki (base word Starogra d) - Starogra dskiy.
Having learned the basic rules of pronunciation, all that remains is to expand your vocabulary and you can feel more comfortable on the streets of Poland, and you can fill out or check the necessary documents yourself, which will help you avoid mistakes or deception.
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Source text on Russian languageFor example, for Russian-Polish translation, you need to enter text in Russian in the top window and select the item with from the drop-down menu Russian, on Polish.
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If the source text for translation relates to a specific industry, select the topic of a specialized Russian lexical dictionary from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Laws, Music and others. By default, the dictionary of general Russian vocabulary is used.Virtual keyboard for Russian layout
If Russian layout not on your computer, use the virtual keyboard. The virtual keyboard allows you to enter letters of the Russian alphabet using the mouse.Translation from Russian.
The main language problem when translating from Russian into Polish is the inability to achieve economical language means, since the Russian language is oversaturated with frequent abbreviations and ambiguous words. At the same time, many long Russian sayings are translated into one or two words in Polish dictionaries.When translating text from Russian, the translator needs to use words not only from the active vocabulary, but also use language constructs from the so-called passive vocabulary.
As with any other language, when translating Russian text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, and not to translate the text word for word. It is important to find in the target language - Polish- semantic equivalents, rather than selecting words from the dictionary.
Traveling is always exciting, because it’s so nice to visit new places and get new experiences. But sometimes the problem of knowing the language, or rather, not knowing it, arises. Moreover, when going to Poland, I would like to communicate specifically in Polish to experience the local flavor. That is why every tourist will need a small Russian-Polish phrasebook.
So, you have finally arrived on a trip to Poland. Let's start our Russian-Polish phrasebook with greetings, which is an indispensable part of any conversation. Of course, the actual pronunciation of some words is quite difficult to describe, but even with minor errors in pronunciation, they will definitely understand and help you. Let's not forget that The stress in all words is on the penultimate syllable.
"Basic forms of communication"
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
Thank you | Dziękuję | Jenkuen |
Thank you for your concern/help/invitation/advice | Dziękuję za opieke / pomoc / zaproszenie / rade | Jenkuen for custody / help / requested / rade |
Please | Prosze | Prosheng |
I'm very pleased | Jestem bardzo zadowolony | Estem Bardzo are satisfied |
Please help me | Proszę mi pomóc | Proshen mi pomuts |
Let me ask | Pozwólcie że zapytam | I'll torture you more vulgarly |
It's OK! | Nic nie szkodzi! | Nits ne skoji |
Cheers! | Na zdrowie! | Cheers! |
Bon appetit! | Smacznego! | Smachnego! |
I'm in hurry | Śpieszę się | Shpeshen puppy |
Yes | So | So |
No | Nie | Not |
I agree | Zgadzam się | Zgadzam puppy |
It's clear | Jasne | Yasne |
I don't mind | Nie mam nic przeciwko | Not mom proszecivko |
Unfortunately, I don't have time | Niestety, nie mam czasu | Nestats, not mom for an hour |
With pleasure | Z przyjemnoscią | For a night |
"Railway station"
Upon arrival in Poland, you find yourself at the train station. Let's call the following table “Station”. But phrases from it will help you for your further journey.
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
How to get to the ticket office? | Gdzie tu jest kasa biletowa? | Gje tu eat kasa ticket? |
What time will the train arrive to...? | O ktorej godzinie mam polaczenie do...? | About kturei gojine mam polonchen do...? |
How many stations does it take to...? | Jak wiele bedzie do...? | Yak vele benje do...? |
This platform number...? | Liczba ta platforma...? | Lichba that platform...? |
Where should the transplant be made? | Gdzie trzeba sie przesiasc? | Gje tsheba schen psheshchenschch? |
From which platform does the train depart to...? | Z ktorego peronu odjezdza pociag do ...? | Z kturego peronu clothes pochong do...? |
Give me a ticket for a sleeping car/second class. | Prosze o bilet sypialny/drugiej klasy. | Proshe about the ticket strewn / other klyas. |
What station? | So to za stacja? | What's the point? |
Where is the dining car located? | Gdzie znajduje sie wagon restauracyjny? | Gdzhe know the carriage of the restaurates? |
"Transport"
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
Where is the nearest bus/tram/trolleybus stop? | Gdzie jest najblizszy przystanek autobusowy / tramwaju / trolejbusowy? | Gje eats the nearest bus/tram/trolleybus? |
Where is the nearest subway station? | Gdzie jest najblizsza stacja metra? | Gje eats the nearest hundred meters? |
What tram/bus/trolleybus can I take to...? | Jakim tramwajem / autobusem / trolejbusem moge dojechac do...? | Which tram/autobus/trolleybus can you use to get to...? |
Where should I change trains? | Gdzie sie mam przesiasc? | Gje schen mam psheschonschch? |
How often do the buses/trams run? | Jak czesto jezdza autobusy / tramwaje? | Yak chensto ezhdzhon buses/trams? |
What time does the first/last bus leave? | O ktorej godzinie pierwszy / ostatni autobus? | About kturei gojin pervshi / ostatni bus? |
Could you tell me when I need to leave? | Prosze powiedziec, kiedy wysiasc? | Proshe povedzhech sneakers vyschonschch? |
What time does the bus leave to...? | O ktorej godzinie odchodzi autobus do...? | About kturei gojine odhoji bus to...? |
Where can I get a bus to...? | Gdzie mozna pojechac autobusem do ...? | Is it possible to go by bus to...? |
"City, orientation"
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
Where is...? | Gdzie best...? | Gje eats...? |
How many kilometers to...? | Jak wiele kilometrow do...? | How many kilometers is it to...? |
How can I find this address? | Jak znalezc ten addresses? | How did you know the address? |
Could you show me on the map where I am now? | Czy moze mi pan (i) pokazac na mapie, w ktorym miejscu teraz jestem? | What can you show on the map, in kturim meissu teraz estem? |
How long does it take to get there by car/walk? | Jak dlugo trzeba czekac, aby osiagnac tam samochodem / pieszo? | How long will it take to check, if only at night there is a self-propelled vehicle / on foot? |
Can you show on the map where this place is? | Mozna pokazac na mapie, gdzie to jest? | Can you show it on the map, where does it eat? |
How to get to the city center? | Jak dostac sie do centrum miasta? | How to get a puppy to the center of the meat? |
Are we going to... right? | Jedziemy do prawidlowego...? | Edzemy before the truth...? |
"Hotel"
If you go on a trip on your own, without the services of a travel agency, then you will definitely need to book a hotel.
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
Do you have a single/double room in the hotel? | Masz jedno / dwuosobowy pokoj w hotelu? | Mash edno / biosobovy buy in the hotel? |
Do you have any available rooms? | Czy ma pan (i) jakies wolne pokoje? | Chy ma pan(i) yakesh volne rest? |
I (don't) like this number. | Ten number do mnie (nie) podoba. | Ten number is (not) like me. |
How much is the room with bath/breakfast/without breakfast/full board? | Ile jest pokoj z lazienka / sniadaniem / bez sniadania / pelne wyzywienie? | Ile eats pokuy with lazhenkom / shnyadan / without shnyadan / peune vyzhivene? |
Is there a cheaper/better room? | Tam jest wiele taniej/lepiej? | Is there vele tanei/lepei there? |
A hotel room has been reserved for me. | Mialem zarezerwowane dla pokoju hotelowego. | Meowem reserved for the peace of the hotel. |
What floor is the room located on? | Na ktorym pietrze jest pokoj? | On kturym pentshe eats pokuy? |
Is there air conditioning / TV / telephone / refrigerator in the room? | Why not klimatyzacja / telewizor / telefon / lodowka? | Why eat air conditioning / TV / telephone / ice blower? |
When and where can you have breakfast? | Kiedy i gdzie mozna zjesc sniadanie? | Can you get sneakers and shoes? |
What time is breakfast? | Ile sniadanie? | Ile shnyadane? |
Do you have a buffet? | Czy masz szwedzki stol? | What kind of swedish chair is it? |
Can I leave it in the safe? | Moge zostavic w sejfie? | Can you put it in the safe? |
Where are the toilets located? | Gdzie best toaleta? | Does Gje eat toilet? |
Could you please bring a blanket? | Can you przyniesc koc? | Can you pshineschch kots? |
There is no soap/towel/hot water in my room. | W moim pokoju nie ma mydlo / reczniki / goracej wody. | In my peace there is no thought / ranchers / gorontsy water. |
Switch/lights/radio/AC/fan/heating not working. | Nie dziala przelacznik / swiatlo / radio / klimatyzacji / wentylatora / telewizor / ogrzewania. | Not dzhyala pshelonchnik / shvyatlo / radio / climate control / fan / TV / ogzhevanya. |
Wake me up... please. | Obudz mnie...prosze. | Tell me... ask. |
I'll pay in cash. | Zaplace gotowka. | Zaplatsen gotuvkon. |
I'll pay with a credit card. | Zaplace karta kredytowa. | Zaplatsen with a credit card. |
"Bar, restaurant, cafe, shop"
And of course, in the Russian-Polish phrasebook you will need phrases in order to refresh yourself or buy something in a store.
Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|
Could you recommend a good/inexpensive restaurant? | Czy moze pan (i) polecic dobry / tani restauracji? | Why can pan(s) treat good / tani restaurates? |
What time does the restaurant open/close? | Restauracja na co otwiera / zamyka? | Restauratsya on the opening/lock? |
Where is the nearest restaurant? | Gdzie jest najblizsza restauracja? | Does Gje eat the closest restaurant? |
I would like to book a table for two/three/four. | Chcialbym zarezerwowac stolik dla dwoch / trzech / czterech. | Khchalbym reserve a table for two / tshekh / chtereh. |
Do you have a table in the corner / outdoors / near the window / in a non-smoking room? | Czy macie stolik w rogu / na zewnatrz / w poblizu okien / w zakaz palenia? | Why mache table in the horn / on zevnontzh / in the closer window / in the order of the fire? |
What do you recommend? | Co proponujemy? | Are they proponable? |
Menu, please. | Poprosze menu. | Please ask for the menu. |
Do you have a special menu for diabetics? | Czy macie specjalne menu dla diabetykow? | What is the special menu for Diabetykuv? |
Do you have dishes for children? | Czy macie dania dla dzieci? | What is the tribute to mache for dzhechi? |
There must be a mistake. I ordered)... | To musi byc pomylka. Zamowilem (a) ... | That's a damn mess. Zamovilem... |
The check, please. | Prosze o rachunek. | Ask for rahunek. |
We liked. Thank you. | Podobalo nam sie to. Dziekuje. | It was fitting for us to do that. Jenque. |
Where is the nearest store? | Gdzie sie znajduje sklep? | Do you know the crypt? |
Where can I buy...? | Gdzie moge kupic...? | Gje mogem cupich...? |
Excuse me, do you have...? | Niestety, ma pan (i) ...? | Nyestats, ma pan(i) ...? |
I would like to buy... | Chcialbym kupic... | Khchalbym buy... |
Could you wrap this for me? | Czy moze pan dac mi zwrocic? | Chi mozhe pan dach mi zvruchich? |
How much does it cost? | Ile to kosztuje? | Ile to koshtue? |
Can I try this on? | Can you sprobowac? | Can we sprubovat? |
Is there any other color? | What's the best inny color? | What does Inny Kohler eat? |
Is there a smaller/larger size? | Czy sa rozmiar mniejszy / wiekszy? | What is the puppy of Rosmyar Mneishi / Venkshi? |
I need half a kilo / a kilo / two kilos | Potrzebuje pol kilo / kilogram / dwa kilograma | Potshebuen pul kilö / kilogram / two kilograms |
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Welcome to the Polish-Russian dictionary. Please write the word or phrase you want to check in the text box on the left.
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Entering text and selecting translation direction
Source text on Ukrainian language you need to print or copy into the top window and select the translation direction from the drop-down menu.For example, for Ukrainian-Polish translation, you need to enter text in Ukrainian in the top window and select the item with from the drop-down menu Ukrainian, on Polish.
Next you need to press the key Translate, and you will receive the translation result under the form - Polish text.
Specialized dictionaries of the Ukrainian language
If the source text for translation relates to a specific industry, select the topic of a specialized Ukrainian lexical dictionary from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Laws, Music and others. By default, the dictionary of general Ukrainian vocabulary is used.Virtual keyboard for Ukrainian layout
If Ukrainian layout not on your computer, use the virtual keyboard. The virtual keyboard allows you to enter letters of the Ukrainian alphabet using the mouse.Translation from Ukrainian.
The modern Ukrainian literary language has 38 phonemes, 6 vowels and 32 consonants. When translating from Ukrainian into Polish, it is necessary to take into account that the vocabulary mainly contains words of common Slavic origin. However, there are also many words that were formed in the Ukrainian language during the period of its independent historical development; there are borrowings from other languages, not necessarily from Polish.Ukrainian language is one of the most beautiful languages in the world. Among all languages, the Ukrainian language ranks second after Italian in terms of melody.
As with any other language, when translating Ukrainian text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, not to translate the text word for word. It is important to find in the target language - Polish- semantic equivalents, rather than selecting words from the dictionary.
The Polish language is quite understandable to those who speak Russian, and even more understandable to those who speak Ukrainian. But there are some Polish words that you just need to learn because they have a completely or slightly different meaning, and sometimes a completely different one.
We found a list of such words here: http://strelnikova.lv/, we shortened it a little, but not much.
Here is the list itself:
Adidasy [adidas] – sneakers
Awans [avaᴴс] – promotion (advance – zaliczka)
Awantura [adventure] – scandal
Bania [bath] – a spherical object (bath – łaźnia [ўаҗння])
Bezpański [Bespanski] – ownerless
Bezprawny [bespravny] – lawless
Biegły [runners] – experienced, skillful
Biegun [runner] – pole (runner – biegacz [runner])
Biegunka [runner] – diarrhea
Biesiada [beschiada] – feast (conversation – rozmowa [rozmova])
Binokle [binoculars] – pince-nez (binoculars – lornetka [lernetka], glasses – okulary [eyepieces])
Biurowość [bureau] – office work
Biustonosz [bustonosh] – bra
Blacha [blade] – 1) tin, 2) kitchen stove, 3) baking sheet, (blach – blaszka [plaque])
Blady [whores] – pale
Blisko [close] – 1) close, 2) almost, about. Blisko trzy lata [blisko trzy lata] – about three years.
Błąd [bont] – mistake, delusion. Błędny [bedny] – erroneous
Błoto [bўoto] – 1) dirt, slush, 2) swamp
Bok [side] – side, side, edge. Boczny [barrels] – side. Boczek [bochek] - brisket. Zboczyć [zbochyҷь] – turn to the side. Na bok! [on the side] - Move aside!
Brak [marriage] – 1) shortage, deficiency, 2) defect in production. Brakować [reject] – not to get, not to grab. Brakuje mi czasu [brakuje mi chasu] – I don’t have enough time
Bratanek [bro] – nephew (brother’s son). Bratanica [brother] – niece (brother’s daughter)
Bratowa [brotherly] – brother’s wife
Broń [armor] – weapon. Bronić [armor] – to protect. Wzbronić [armor] – prohibit. Palenie wzbronione [palenie vzbronione] – smoking is prohibited
Bufet [buffet] - snack bar. Bufetowa [buffetova] – barmaid
Bukiet z jarzyn [bouquet of z jarzyn] – vegetable stew
Bydło [bydўo] – cattle
Całować [tsaўovaҷь] – kiss
Cały [tsaўы] – 1) whole, whole, 2) unharmed
Cel [target] – target
Celny [tselny] – 1) well-aimed, 2) customs. Urząd celny [uzhont celny] – customs (cło [tўo] – duty)
Celować [target] – aim
Chałupnik [haupnik] – artisan, home worker. Chałupnictwo [haўupnitstfo] – handicraft
Chmura [frowning] – cloud
Chodnik [walker] – 1) sidewalk, 2) rug, carpet
Chować [how] – 1) hide, 2) educate, raise. Wychowanek [vychowanek] – pupil. Wychowawca [vykhovatsa] – educator
Chronić [chronicle] – protect, protect
Chudy [thin] – 1) thin. 2) low-fat. Chude mięso [hude meat] – lean meat.
Ciasto [ҷyasto] – dough. Ciasta (plural) [ҷyasta] – baked goods, pies. Ciastko [hard] – cake
Ciecz [ҷech] – liquid. Ciekły [ҷекўы] – liquid
Cieszyć [ҷешыҷь] – to please. Cieszyć się [ҷешыҷь се] – rejoice
Ciśnienie [ҷishchnene] – pressure. Zmierzyć ciśnienie krwi [zmierzyć ҷishchnene blood] – measure blood pressure. Nadciśnienie [natҷishchnene] – hypertension
Cudzoziemiec [tsudzoҗhemets] – foreigner
Cukier [zucker] – sugar. Cukier w kostkach [zuker f kostkakh] – refined sugar
Czas [hour] – time. Nie mam czasu [not mam time] - I don’t have time. Przyjechać na czas [przyjechać for an hour] – arrive on time. Czasowy [hours] – temporary. Czasopismo [hour writing] – magazine
Czaszka [cup] – skull
Czekolada [chekolyada] – chocolate. Tabliczka czekolady [table of čekolady] – a chocolate bar. Czekoladka [chekolyatka] – chocolate candy
Czeremcha [cheremha] – bird cherry
Czerstwy [cherstfy] – 1) callous, 2) healthy, strong. Czerstwy staruszek [charstfy old women] – cheerful old man
Czesać się [chesaҷь] – comb your hair
Cześć [chesch'] – 1) respect, 2) honor. Cześć! - Hello!
Część [cheᴴshchҷь] – part
Często [cheᴴsto] – often
Czuć [chuҷь] – to feel, sense. Czuć się [a bit more] – to feel (about health). Czujność [chuyność] – 1) sensitivity, 2) vigilance. Czujnik [chuynik] – sensor (technical)
Czyn [chyn] – action.
Czynić [chynić] – to do. Czynić wrażenie [chynić enemy] – to make an impression (to repair – reperować [reperovać], naprawiać [direct])
Czynny [chynny] – active, active. Sklep czynny od 10 to 18 – the store is open from 10 to 18.
Dawka [dafka] – dose
Deka [deka] – 10 grams. Proszę o dwadzieścia deka masła [proshe o dwadzieścia deka masła] - Please give me 200 grams (i.e. 20 deka) of butter.
Deputat [deputy] – rations, payment in kind
Deputowany [deputated] – deputy
Deska [deska] – 1) board, 2) deski (plural) – skis
Dewizy [mottos] – currency
Dlaczego [for what] – why
Dlatego że [for the same] – because
Dodatek [dodatek] – 1) application, 2) additive, increase
Dokładny [docuadny] – precise, thorough
Dokonać [to finish] – to carry out
Domagać się [do more] – demand, achieve
Domyślić się [household] – guess
Doniosły [reported] – important, significant
Donośny [night] – loud
Dopisać [dopisać] – 1) to add, 2) nie dopisać – to sum up. Pogoda nie dopisała [weather not added] – the weather failed (the weather was bad)
Dopływ [additional] – influx. Dopływ powietrza [additional ventilation] – air flow. Dopływ Wisły [additional visŞy] – tributary of the Vistula
Doskonalić [to perfection] – to improve. Doskonale [thoroughly] – excellent, excellent
Dostać [get it] – receive. Dostać list [get a sheet] – receive a letter
Dotyk [dotyk] – touch. Dotykać [dotika] – touch, touch. Nie dotykać eksponatów! [do not touch the exhibit] – do not touch the exhibits with your hands! Nietykalność [non-tickling] – inviolability
Dowodzić [argument] – 1) to prove, 2) to command
Dowolny [satisfied] – any
Dozorca [watchman] – janitor, watchman
Drobiazg [shotgun] – trifle, trifle
Drobny [fractional] – small. Drobne (plural) – small money. Drobnoustrój [fractional device] – microorganism
Duma [thought] - pride. Dumny [dumny] - proud
Dworzec [dvozhets] – station. Dworcowy [palace] – station (palace – pałac [paўats])
Dwuosobowy [two-person] – double
Dwuznaczny [ambiguous] – ambiguous
Dynia [melon] – pumpkin (melon – melon [melyon])
Dywan [dyvan] – carpet (sofa – kanapa)
Dział [дҗяў] – department.
Działać [дҗяўаҷь] – to act. Telefon nie działa – the telephone does not work. Działacz [дҗяўач] – activist
Działka [дҗяўка] – personal plot
Działo [дҗяўо] – weapon, cannon
Dzielny [delny] – 1) energetic, 2) brave
Dzieło [дҗеўо] – 1) business, 2) work. Dzieło sztuki [things] – a work of art
Dziennik [daily] – 1) newspaper, 2) diary
Dzierżawa [state] – rent
Dźwigać [dvigaҷь] – 1) to carry, drag, 2) to lift. Dźwig [dhvik] – 1) elevator, 2) crane
Ekler [eclair] – zipper
Elektryczność [electricity] – electricity. Maszynka elektryczna [electric machine] – electric stove
Elementarz [elementash] – primer
Fatalny [fatal] – 1) fatal, fatal, 2) bad, unsuccessful. Fatalna weather - terrible weather.
Frykasy [frykasy] – a tasty dish, delicacy
Frytki [frytki] – French fries
Gniewać się [anger yet] – 1) to be angry, 2) to quarrel
Gnuśny [gnuśny] – lazy
Godność [goodness] – 1) dignity, 2) high rank, 3) surname (as well as surname – nazwisko). Godny [suitable] – worthy. Jak pana (pani) godność? - What's your last name?
Godzić się [godҗiҷь] – put up, agree
Godzina [godҗina] – hour (Attention: in combinations dź, dzi it is pronounced very soft dvuk [dҗь])
Golenie [shin] - shaving. Pędziel do golenia [pendziel to the shin] - shaving brush. Ogolić się [naked more] – shave.
Gospodarstwo [gospodarstfo] - farm. Gospodarz [lord] – owner, owner
Gotować [ready] – 1) to cook, 2) to cook. Gotowany [ready] – boiled. Zagotować [prepared] – boil. Zagotować się [prepare] – boil
Gotówka [gotufka] – cash
Góra [gura] – 1) mountain, 2) top. Górny [gurn] – upper. Górski [gurski] – mountain
Groza [thunderstorm] – horror (thunderstorm – burza [buja])
Gruby [rude] - thick. Gruby człowiek [rude person] - a fat person. Gruba książka [rude kshchoshka] – a thick book. Grubość [roughness] – thickness
Grunt [ground] – 1) ground, soil, 2) foundation. Gruntowny [ground] - solid
Grzywna [gzhywna] – fine
Gubić [gubiҷь] – to lose. Zgubić się [zgubić shche] – get lost
Gwałt [gvaўt] – 1) noise, scandal, 2) violence
Guzik [guҗik] – 1) button, 2) button (of the device)
Hurtowy [hurtovy] – wholesale
Hulajnoga [hulyaynoga] – scooter
Informator [informant] – reference book, guide
Izba [hut] – 1) room, room, 2) ward. Izba handlowa [handleva's hut] – chamber of commerce. Izba przyjęć [hut pshyyenk] – reception room.
Jasny [clear] – 1) clear, 2) light. Piwo jasne [jasne beer] – light beer
Jubilat [anniversary] - hero of the day
Jubiler [anniversary] – jeweler
Jubileusz [jubileeush] – anniversary
Jutro [yutro] - tomorrow. Do jutra! - till tomorrow!
Kaczka [pitching] – duck
Kawa [kava] – coffee, kawa prawdziwa [kava pravdҗiva] – natural coffee, kawa biała [kava bya] – coffee with milk (with cream), kawa rozpuszczalna [kava spushchalna] – instant coffee
Kawaler [cavalier] – 1) gentleman, 2) bachelor.
Kawalerka [cavalier] – one-room apartment (studio apartment)
Kilka [sprat] – 1) sprat, 2) several
Kokarda [cockade] – bow
Kolej [tracks] – 1) Railway, 2) queue. Kolejowy [koleyovy] – railway. Kolejność [rut] – sequence.
Komora [komora] – camera
Komórka [komurka] – 1) body cell, 2) cell. Telefon komorkowy [Komorkova's phone] - cell phone (usually abbreviated tel.kom.)
Korzystny [selfish] – profitable
Krawat [kravat] – tie
Kryształ [roof] – 1) crystal, 2) crystal, 3) granulated sugar
Krzesło [kshesўo] – chair (chair – fotel [fotel])
Krzywda [kshivda] - damage, harm, insult. Skrzywdzić [skшывдҷь] – to offend
Kuchnia [kitchen] – kitchen. Kuchenka [kukhenka] – kitchen stove
Liczba [lichba] – number. Liczyć [person] – 1) count, 2) count, 3) count (on someone). Licznik [personal] – counter. Liczny [personal] – numerous. Obliczenie [oblichene] – calculation, calculation. Rozliczać się [different] – to pay, to pay. Zaliczka [zalichka] – advance
List [sheet] – 1) letter, 2) document. Listonosz [leaf-nosed] – postman. Lisownie [listownie] – in writing
Lista [sheet] – list
Liść [lishch] – leaf (of wood)
Lód [fierce] – ice. Sople lodu [nozzle ice] - icicles. Jazda figurowa na lodzie [jazda figurowa on ice] - figure skating. Jazda szybka na lodzie [jazda szybka na lodzie] – speed skating. Lody [ice] – ice cream. Lodówka [ice blower] – refrigerator
Lustro [chandelier] – mirror (chandelier – żyrandol [zhyrandol])
Łóżko [ўushko] – bed
Łyżka [ўyshka] – spoon
Magazyn [shop] – warehouse. Magazynować [magazynova] – store (shop – sklep [crypt])
Majaczyć [ball] – to rave
Masło [maso] – butter(vegetable oil – olej [olei])
Mech [fur] – moss (fur – futro)
Mecz [mach] – match
Miecz [sword] – sword
Mąka [moka] – flour
Męka [meᴴka] – flour
Miasto [city] – city
Miejsce [meysce] – place
Mieszkać [bag] – live, live (where). Mieszkaniec [meskan] – resident. Zamieszkać [hesitate] – settle down
Młodzieniec [youngster] – young man (baby – niemowlę [unable])
Mydło [mydўo] – soap. Mydlić [mydlić] – to soap. Mydlany [mydlany] – soapy.
Mylić się [soapy] – to be mistaken, to be mistaken. Mylny [soapy] – erroneous.
Nabrać [to dial] – 1) to dial, 2) to deceive, fool
Nabyć [nabyҷ] – to acquire. Nabytek [nabytek] – acquisition, purchase
Nadawać [press] – 1) give, 2) send (message), 3) transmit (by radio). Nadajnik [nadaynik] – (radio) transmitter. Nadawca [nadaftsa] – sender.
Na dobitek [on dobitek] – in addition
Nadziewać [nadҗevaҷь] – stuff, stuff. Cukierki nadziewane [tsukierki nadziewane] – candies with filling
Nagły [nagўы] – 1) sudden, unexpected, 2) urgent, urgent. Nagle [nagle] - suddenly, suddenly
Nakrycie głowy [cover głowy] – headdress. Nakrycie stołu [cover the table] – cutlery
Napiwek [napivek] – tip
Naprawić [direct] – repair, repair. Naprawa [to the right] – repair, repair
Narodowość [people's religion] – nationality
Niedziela [week] – Sunday (week – tydzień [thousand])
Niepotrzebny [nepotshebny] - unnecessary
Obcy [opts] – 1) stranger, 2) outsider, 3) foreign. Język obcy [optsy language] – a foreign language. Obcym wstęp wzbroniony [opcym fstamp armored] – unauthorized entry is prohibited.
Obecnie [obetsne] - now, now. Obecny [obetsny] – 1) present, 2) present. Nieobecny [neobetsny] – absent.
Obóz [obus] – camp. Obóz turystyczny [obus turystyczny] – tourist camp.
Obraz [obras] – picture
Obywatel [everyman] – citizen. Obywatelka [philistine] – citizen
Odpowiedź [answer] – answer. Odpowiedzialność [responsibility] – responsibility.
Ogród [ogrut] – garden. Ogród zoologiczny [ogrut zoological] – zoo
Okazja [okazya] - case. Z okazji [z okazii] – on occasion
Okład [okўat] – compress (salary – pensja, pobory)
Okładka [okўatka] – cover
Okoliczność [okolichnoshch] – circumstance. Zbieg okoliczności [zbeg okoliczności] – coincidence of circumstances
Ołówek [oўuvek] – pencil
Opady [fall] - precipitation
Opalać [sear] – 1) to heat, 2) to burn. Opalać się [sear yet] – sunbathe. Opalony [scorched] – tanned
Ordynarny [ordinary] - rude
Owoc [sheep] – fruit. Krem owocowy [ovocowy cream] – fruit cream
Ozdoba [Ozdoba] – decoration. Ozdobny [okozny] – elegant
Palić [burn] – 1) burn, 2) heat (stove), 3) smoke. Palenie [palene] – smoking. Paliwo [palivo] – fuel. Palacz [fireman] – 1) smoker, 2) fireman. Paliarnia [pallery] – smoking room
Pamiętać [pamenta] – remember. Zapamiętać [zapament] – remember. Pamiętnik [monument] – diary (monument – pomnik)
Parówka [parufka] – sausage
Pensja [pension] – salary, salary (pension – emerytura [emerytura])
Pędzić [penҗiҷь] – 1) drive, 2) rush, run. Wypędzić [vypendҷь] – drive out. Dopędzić [dopendҗiҷь] – catch up
Pieczony [pechony] – fried. Pieczeń [liver] – hot. Pieczeń z rożna [liver z rożna] – meat baked on a spit
Pismo [letter] – 1) letter, font, 2) magazine, newspaper, 3) handwriting
Plecy [shoulders] – back (shoulders – ramiona [ramion])
Plotka [whip] – gossip
Płot [pot] – fence. Płotki [potki] – sports barrier
Pobory [extortions] – salary, salary
Pobór [pobur] – call, recruitment
Pochodzić [pokhodҗiҷь] – to occur, to be a kind. Pochodzenie [pohodzene] – origin
Pociąg [poҷёᴴк] – train. Pociąg pośpieszny [pośk pośpieszny] – fast train. Pociąg osobowy [poҷёᴴк especially] – passenger train
Podkolanówki [potkolanufki] – knee socks
Podobać się [similar] – to like
Podrożnik [podrozhnik] – traveler
Podstawa [poststava] – basis, basis. Podstawowy [potstavovy] – main. Szkoła podstawowa [skoła podstawowa] – basic school. Bezpodstawny [bespotstavny] – unreasonable
Pogrzeb [pogzhep] – funeral (cellar – piwnica, winiarnia)
Pojazd [belt] – means of transportation. Pojazdy mechaniczne [mechanical trains] – motor transport (train – pociąg)
Pokój [peace] – 1) world, 2) room, hotel room
Pokwitować [pokfitova] – sign (for receipt)
Południe [in the afternoon] – 1) noon, 2) south. Południowy [udnevy] – southern
Portfel [portfolio] – wallet
Porwać [tear] – 1) tear, 2) kidnap, 3) grab. Porwać w objęcia [tear in objęcia] – grab into arms
Posłać [posўаҷь] – 1) to send, 2) to lay. Posłanie [posўane] – bed
Potrawa [grass] – food, dish. Potrawka [potrafka] – boiled meat with sauce
Powolny [free] - slow. Proszę mówić powolniej [proshe movie more freely] – please speak more slowly
Pozdrawiać [congratulations] – welcome. Pozdrowienie [pozdrovene] - hello, greeting. Proszę pozdrowić pana A. – please say hello to Mr. A.
Poziom [let's go] – level. Poziom wody [water level] – water level
Poziomki [poҗёmki] – strawberries
Pozór [pose] – view. Pozorny [shameful] - apparent, imaginary.
Pożytek [pozhytek] – benefit
Północ [puўnots] – 1) midnight, 2) north. Północny [puўnotsny] – northern
Pralka [waddling machine] – washing machine
Prawnik [pranik] – lawyer
Przeciwny [psheҷivny] – the opposite. Z przeciwnej strony [z pshekhivney strony] – from the opposite side
Przedawniony [pshedavnyony] – expired
Przelot [pshelet] – flight. Przelotny [pshelotny] – fleeting. Przelotne opady [przelotne falls] – short-term precipitation.
Przychodnia [przyhodnya] – clinic
Przyjaźń [пшыяҗн] – friendship
Przykład [pšykŞat] – example. Na przykład – for example
Przypadek [pshipadek] – case. Przypadkiem [przypatkem] – by chance
Przysługa [пшысўuga] – service
Pukać [fart] – knock
Puszka [cannon] – tin can. Puszka szprotek [sprotek gun] – can of sprat
Puzon [puzon] – trombone
Pyszny [magnificent] – 1) arrogant, arrogant, 2) luxurious
Early [early] - morning. Z rana – in the morning
Renta [renta] – 1) pension (including for disability), 2) annuity
Restauracja [restauracja] – restaurant
Rodzina [homeland] – family
Rogatka [slingshot] – barrier
Rok [rock] – year
Rosół [rosuў] – broth. Kura w rosole [chicken in rosole] – broth with chicken
Rozgłos [rosgўos] – fame, popularity. Rozgłośnia [rozgўoschnya] – radio station
Rozebrać [rosebrah] – 1) to disassemble (into parts), 2) to strip. Rozebrać się [rozebrać yet] – undress
Roskaz [roskas] - order. Roskazywać [tell] – to order
Rozkład [roskўat] – 1) schedule, 2) location, layout
Rozkosz [luxury] – pleasure. Rozkoszny [luxurious] – beautiful, wonderful
Rozprawa [Rosprava] – discussion
Rozrywka [rozryfka] – entertainment. Rozrywkowy [rozryfkovy] – entertaining
Roztrzepaniec [rostshepanets] – curdled milk
Róg [hands] – 1) horn, 2) corner (street). Na rogu [on the horn] – on the street corner
Równik [ruvnik] – equator
Ruch [rukh] – movement. Ruchomy [rukhoma] – mobile. Ruszyć [rušć] – 1) to touch, 2) to move, to move. Poruszyć się [destroy] – move, move. Fabryka ruszyła – the factory has come into operation
Rutyna [routine] – experience, skill. Rutynowany [rutynovany] – experienced
Samochód [samohut] – car
Setka [setka] – 1) hundred, 2) wool fabric(colloquial)
Siatka [shield] – mesh
Silnik [shielnik] – engine
Siostrzeniec [szczešeniec] – nephew (sister’s son). Siostrzenica [schestšenica] – niece (sister’s daughter)
Skala [skala] – scale, scale
Skała [skаўа] – rock
Skarb [scarp] - treasure, treasure. Skarbnica [treasury] - treasury
Skazać [say] – sentence, condemn
Sklep [crypt] – store
Skupić się [be stingy] – concentrate
Słonina [sonina] – pork lard
Słój [suy] – glass jar
Słuchacz [sukhach] – listener. Słuchawka [suhafka] – telephone handset. Słuchawki [suhafki] – headphones
Smutek [smutek] - sadness. Smutny [vague] – sad, sad
Sopel [sopel] – icicle
Spadek [spadek] – 1) fall, decline, 2) slope, 3) inheritance. Spadzisty [spadҗists] – steep (slope). Spadochron [spadochron] - parachute
Spinać [back] – to cleave, to fasten. Spinka [back] – hairpin, cufflink
Spodnie [underneath] – trousers. Spodenki [spodenki] - cowards. Spódnica [spudnitsa] – skirt
Spotykać (się) [stumbling yet] – to meet. Spotkanie [spottane] – meeting
Sprawdzić [spravdҗiҷь] – check
Sprawić [reference] – cause. Sprawić wrażenie [spravķi vrazene] – to make an impression. Sprawić przyjemność [spravić przyjemność] – to give pleasure
Sprowadzić [provadҗiҷь] – 1) lead, 2) bring, 3) cause
Sprzątać [spshontaҷь] – remove (in the room, from the table). Sprzątaczka [spontachka] – cleaning lady
Ssać [piss] – suck. Ssaki [piss] – mammals
Statek [statek] – vessel, ship. Statki [statki] – dishes
Stoisko [stoisko] – stand, section (in a store)
Stołek [stoўek] – stool
Stół [stuў] – table. Proszę do stołu [proshe to stołu] – please come to the table
Stroić [build] – 1) to dress up, decorate, 2) to tune a musical instrument (to build – budować). Stroić się [build more] – dress up. Strojny [slender] – elegant. Strój [jet] – outfit, suit. Strój ludowy [liudowy streams] – national costume
Sukienka [cloth], suknia [cloth] – dress
Sypalnia [tomb] – bedroom. Sypalny [sypalny] – sleeping
Szaleć [crazy] – to go crazy
Szklanka [glass] – glass
Szorować [shorovak] – wash, rub (with a brush)
Szpik [fat] – bone marrow
Szpulka [bobbin] – reel
Sztuka [piece] – 1) art, 2) play, 3) piece, piece. Sztuka wschodnia [thing] – oriental art. Sztuczny [piece] – artificial
Szybki [shypki] – fast. Szybkość [shypkość] – speed
Ślub [schlyup] – marriage. Wziąć ślub [taken schlyup] – to get married
Śmietana [schmetana] – sour cream. Śmietanka [shmetanka] – cream. Bita śmietana – whipped cream
Świat [schfiat] – peace. Światowy [schfiatovy] – worldwide. Światopogląd [Śfjatopogląt] – worldview
Światło [ŚfyatŞo] – light. Oświetlenie [oshfetlene] – lighting. Oświata [osfyata] – enlightenment
Świetnie [shfetne] - wonderful, excellent
Święto [Święto] – holiday. Wesołych Świąt! [merry chfent] - Happy holidays! (traditional congratulations)
Święty [schfenty] – saint. Pismo Święte [pismo Śfente] – Holy Scripture
Tabela [table] – table
Tablica [table] – plate, board (school, memorial), scoreboard. Tabliczka mnożenia [multiplication table] – multiplication table. Tabliczka czekolady [table of čekolady] – chocolate bar
Tabor [camp] – 1) convoy, 2) park (cars, etc.)
Taternictwo [taternitstfo] – mountaineering in the Tatras
Termin [term] – 1) term, 2) term. Przez terminem – ahead of schedule
Teść [teshch'] – father-in-law, father-in-law. Teściowa [teshchyova] – mother-in-law, mother-in-law
Tłusty [tўusty] – fatty, greasy. Tłusta śmietana [tўusta śmetana] – fatty sour cream. Tłuszcz [tushch] – fat
Torba [bag] – bag. Torebka [torepka] – 1) handbag, 2) bag
Traktat [treatise] - agreement. Traktat pokojowy [Pokojowy’s treatise] – peace treaty
Twarz [tfash] – face. W tej sukni jest pani do twarzy [f tej sukni eats pani do twarzy] – this dress suits you
Ubić [kill] – 1) compact, 2) beat
Ubiegły [run away] – past, past. W ubiegłym roku – last year
Ubierać się [take away] – get dressed
Uciekać [уҷекаҷь] – to run away. Uciezcka [ugechka] – escape. Wyciezcka [excursion] – excursion
Ucieszyć (się) [уҷешѷь се] – to please (sya)
Uczciwy [uchivy] – honest, conscientious
Ukłon [ukўon] - bow, hello. Ukłonić się [ukўoniҷь] – bow
Ukrop [dill] – boiling water
Ulotka [flyaway] – leaflet
Umysł [intention] – mind, mind. Umysłowy [umysўovy] – mental. Umyślny [deliberate] – intentional
Upływać [upўyvaҷь] – expire, pass (about time). Termin upływa – the term expires
Upominać [mention] – to teach, to make a remark. Upominać się [mention yet] – demand. Upomnienie [mentioned] – remark, reminder. Upominek [upominek] – gift
Uprawa [government] – 1) cultivation of the land, 2) breeding, cultivation. Uprawiać [manage] – 1) to cultivate, process, 2) to engage. Uprawa buraków [burakuf administration] – beet growing. Uprawiać sport [manage sport] – play sports
Uroda [beauty] – beauty
Urok [charm] – charm. Uroczy [lessons] – charming. Uroczystość [urochystość] – celebration, celebration
Ustać [get tired] – stop, stop. Deszcz ustał [dešch ustaŞ] – the rain has stopped
Uśmiech [ushmekh] – smile. Uśmiechać się [ushmekhaҷy] – smile
Uwaga [respect] – 1) attention, 2) note, remark. Zwrócić uwagę [zwrócić uwagę] – pay attention. Uważny [respected] – attentive. Uważać [respect] – 1) to be attentive, 2) to count, to believe. Zauważać [respect] – to notice.
Waga [waga] – 1) weight, 2) scales. Ważyć [important] – 1) to weigh, 2) to weigh. Ważny [important] – 1) important, 2) valid (about the document). Ile dni jest ważny bilet? – how many days is the ticket valid for? Upoważnić [respect] – empower
Wesele [vesele] – wedding
Widzieć [vidҗеҷь] – to see. Widzieć się [see yet] – see each other. Do widzenia! [to vidzen] - goodbye! Punkt widzenia [point of widzenia] – point of view. Widno [visible] - light. Robi się widno [robishly visible] – it’s dawning. Widnokrąg [visnokrok] – 1) horizon, 2) horizon
Wieprzowina [vepshovina] – pork
Winnica [vinnitsa] – vineyard
Winny [vinny] – 1) wine, 2) guilty
Własny [vўasny] – own. Własność [vўasność] – 1) property, 2) property. Właściciel [vўҷiҷel] – owner, master. Właściciel samochodu [vўashchҷiҷel self-propelled] – the owner of the car.
Właśnie [vўashne] – exactly
Włókno [fiber] – fiber. Włóczka [vўuchka] – yarn. Włókiennictwo [vukennitstfo] – textile production
Wniosek [introduced] – 1) proposal, 2) conclusion, conclusion. Who is the best for wnioskiem? – who is for the proposal?
Woda [water] – water. Wodociąg [vodok] – water supply. Wodotrysk [water search] - fountain
Wołowina [voўovina] – beef
Woń [stench] – smell, aroma. Wonny [wonny] - fragrant.
Wschód [fshut] – 1) east, 2) sunrise. Wschodni [fkhodni] – eastern
Wstęp [fstamp] – entrance. Wstęp wolny [vstęp are free] – admission is free. Wstępny [fstampny] – introductory. And also “Entrance” will be wejście [way]. “Exit” – wyjście [exit]. Występ [vystamp] – 1) protrusion, 2) performance.
Wtyczka [ftychka] – plug
Wybaczyć [vybachyć] – forgive, excuse
Wybitny [embossed] – outstanding
Wyborca [voter] – voter
Wyborny [elected] – excellent, wonderful
Wybryk [bryk] - trick
Wybuch [bulge] – explosion, eruption. Wybuchać [bulge] – 1) to explode, 2) to get irritated
Wychylać (się) [to stick out] – to stick out. Nie wychylać się! - Keep your head down!
Wydawać [issue] – 1) to issue, 2) to issue, 3) to spend.
Wydawca [issuer] – publisher. Wydawnictwo [issued] – 1) publishing house, 2) edition.
Wydatek [vydatek] – consumption. Ponosić wydatki [night stand] – bear expenses. Wydatkować [issue] – spend.
Wypadek [fall] - incident, incident
Wzór [vzur] – 1) sample, 2) drawing, pattern. Wzorcowy [zortsovy] – exemplary, standard
Zabawa [fun] – 1) game, entertainment, 2) party. Zabawa taneczna [taneczna fun] - dance evening. Zabawka [zabafka] – toy
Zabieg [zabek] – medical procedure, operation. Zabiegi [races] – measures
Zabytek [zabytek] is an ancient monument. Zabytkowy [zabytkovy] – ancient
Zachcianka [zakhyanka] – whim, caprice (chcieć [хҷеҷь] – want)
Zachód [zahut] – 1) west, 2) sunset, 3) troubles. Zachodni [zahodni] – western. Bez zachodu - no hassle
Zakazać [order] – prohibit. Zakaz [zakas] – prohibition. Zakaźny [zakaźny] – infectious, contagious
Zakład [zakat] – enterprise, establishment. Zakład krawiecki [Zakład krawiecki] – fashion studio. Zakładowy [zakadovy] – factory
Zakon [law] is a monastic order. Zakonnik [legalist] – monk. Zakonnica [legalist] – nun
Zaliczka [zalichka] – advance
Zamach [swing] – assassination attempt. Zamach stanu [I will swing] – coup d’etat
Zamiar [freeze] – intention. Mam zamiar... [mam zamiar] - I intend (have the intention)... Zamierzać [interchange] - intend
Zamordować [zamordować] – kill
Zapamiętać [zapament] – remember
Zapominać [remember] – forget. Zapomnieć [remember] – forget. Proszę nie zapomnieć – please don’t forget. Niezapominajka [unforgettable] - forget-me-not.
Zaprosić [request] – invite. Zaproszenie [requested] – invitation
Zapytać [to interrogate] – ask
Zarazek [zarazek] – bacillus, bacterium
Zasada [ambush] – basis, principle. W zasadzie [in ambush] – in principle
Zastanowić się [zastanović yet] – think, think about. Zastanović się nad sensem życia [zastanović nat seᴴsem zhyҷya] – think about the meaning of life
Zastępować [stamping] – replace, replace. Zastępca [zastemptsa] – deputy
Zatelefonować [zatelefonova] – call by phone
Zatrudnić [difficulty] – provide work, hire. Zatrudnienie [difficult] – work, occupation. Zatrudnienie niepełne [difficult nepeўne] – part-time work
Zawał [zavaў] – heart attack
Zawód [zavut] – profession, specialty. Zawodowiec [factory owner] – professional, specialist.
Zawody [factories] – competitions, competitions. Zawodnik [breeder] – competition participant
Zawodzić [factory] – to deceive, let down
Zdanie [building] – 1) opinion, 2) sentence (grammatical)
Złodziej [zўodҗey] – thief
Znajdować się [know more] – to be. Gdzie się znajduje?.. [where else do you know] – where is it located?..
Zniżać [lower] – reduce. Zniżka [znishka] – discount, price reduction. Bilet zniżkowy [zniżkowy ticket] – discount ticket
Zrozumieć [to understand] – to understand. Zrozumiały [zrozumyaўy] – understandable
Żagiel [jagel] – sail. Żeglarstwo [zheglarstfo] – 1) navigation, 2) sailing. Żeglować [zheglevak] – sail on a ship
Żałoba [zhaoba] – mourning
Żałować [zhaўovaҷь] – regret
Żarówka [zharufka] – light bulb
Żelazo [zhelyazo] – iron. Żelazko [zhelasko] – iron
Żurnal [magazine] – fashion magazine (all other types of magazines are called czasopismo [hour writing])
Żyletka [vest] – blade (vest – kamizelka [kamiselka])
Żywność [living] – food
Something like this. Some words you can simply memorize, others you can develop associations with. If you know more similar words, write in the comments.
It will also be interesting:
![](https://i2.wp.com/inkrakow.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/inkrakow_obl_79-350x230.jpg)