Polish language dictionary with pronunciation. Polish words that are similar to ours, but mean something completely different

Common phrases
	Dziekuje, dzieki	Jenkue, Jenki
Please
Sorry		Przeprasjam
Hello		Dzien’ are kind
Goodbye		Before vision
I don't understand		We don't understand
What is your name?	Jak masz na imie?	What's the big deal?
		Kind, ok
where is the toilet?	Gdzie są toalety	Where are the dream toilets?
How much does it cost?	Ile to kosztuje?	Ile to koshtue?
One ticket to...		There is a ticket to...
What time is it now?		Who's godzina?
No smoking		Order a panel
Do you speak English?	Czy mowi pan po angielsku	Ji movie pan in angelic style?
Where is…?		Where is he eating...?
I'm from Russia		Gesture from Russia
Hotel
I need to order a room	Potrzebuję do rezerwy	Potshebuen to reserves
I want to pay the bill	Chcę zapłacić rachunek	Htsen zaplatits rahunek
Room, number
Shop (shopping)
Cash		Gotowkon
Credit card	Dla bezgotówkowych	For unprepared
To wrap up		Packed
No change
		Closed, te
Very expensive		Barzo droge
Transport
Trolleybus		Trolleybuses
Stop		Zatshimats
Please make a stop	Proszę przestać	Asked for pshestast
Arrival	Przyjazd	Przyzyazd
Departure
Airport		Letnisko
Emergency cases
help me		Help me
Fire Department		Fire guard
Ambulance		Having prepared
Hospital
	Boleśnie
Restaurant
I want to book a table	Chcę zarezerwować stolik	Hprice reserve a table
Check please (bill)	Prosze o rachunek	Ask about rahunek

Language of Poland

The official language in Poland is Polish. In some parts of Russia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Polish is also used as a second language. This phenomenon is caused by border changes, migrations and relocations. Total number There are about 50 million people speaking Polish around the world.

Polish belongs to the West Slavic group of Indo-European languages, along with Czech and Slovak. The Polish language has developed so much that texts written in the Middle Ages are not understandable to Poles and require a dictionary to read them. Like other Indo-European languages, Polish has Latin grammar and vocabulary.

Poland has a number of dialects that differ from standard Polish, but the differences between them are not significant and mostly relate to regional pronunciations and word variations. The most distinct dialects are Silesia and Podhale (highlander dialect).

The Polish alphabet is based on the Latin one, using numerous di-, tri- and tetragraphs. Part state language Poland includes 32 letters.

Many words have been borrowed from German, French and English, and there are many words that may be spelled and pronounced the same but have a completely different meaning.

Then, in the panel control panel, select "Keyboard".
In the window that appears, select the "Language" tab. You must have 2 languages ​​installed: Russian and English. If Russian is selected as the primary language, then select the “English” language, click on the “Set as primary” button, “OK”, and then restart the computer.

In the Keyboard window, on the Language tab, click the Add button.
In the "Add a language" window that appears, select Language "Polish".
Click "OK" and the "Keyboard" window will remain. Select the language "English", click "Delete".
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk.

Usually a reboot is required after this.
After rebooting, select Start | Setting | Control Panel.
In the Control Panel, select "Keyboard".
In the window that appears, select the "Language" tab.
Highlight Language "Polish" and click the "Properties" button.
In the "Language Properties" window that appears, select the "Polish (programming)" layout.
Click OK.
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk.

Windows NT with Service Packs installed already has support for Eastern European languages.
All you have to do is add the “Polish (programmer)” keyboard layout, and then delete the “English” layout that has become unnecessary.

Windows ME (Millennium)

In the window that appears, select "Add or Remove Programs"
In the window that appears, select the "Windows Installation" tab. Click on the Multilingual Support component. Click the "Composition" button and in the "Multilingual Support" window that appears, check the "Languages ​​of Central Europe" box.
Click "OK", "OK".
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk.

In the Control Panel window, select Keyboard.
In the Keyboard window, select the Language tab. You must have 2 languages ​​installed: Russian and English. If Russian is selected as the main language, then select the “English” language, click on the “Set as default” button, and then “Apply”.
Click on the "Add" button, in the "Add a language" window, select Language "Polish".
Click OK. In the remaining "Keyboard" window, select the "English" language, click "Delete".
Highlight the language "Polish" and click the "Set as default" button, and then "OK".
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk. Then a message will appear stating that changing the language is not possible - ignore it.
Restart your computer.

Open the "Keyboards" window from the "Control Panel", click on the "Language" tab, select the "Polish" language, click the "Properties" button and in the "Language Properties" window that appears, select the "Polish Programmer" layout, click "OK" OK".
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk.
Restart your computer.

Start Menu | Setting | Control Panel.
In the window that appears, click on the “Language and standards” icon
On the General tab, in the "System language settings" list, select "Central Europe".
Click OK.
The program will ask you to insert the distribution disk (remember that the installation files are located in the "i386" subdirectory).
Restart your computer.

Then, in Control Panel, select Keyboard.
In the window that appears, select the "Language and Layouts" tab. You must have 2 languages ​​installed: Russian and English. Make English the default (there should be a checkmark to the left of the name): select it and click on the “Set as default” button, then click the “Apply” button.

Next, add the Polish language: click the "Add" button, in the window that appears, select Input language - "Polish", and Keyboard layout - "Polish (programmer)"; click "OK".
In the remaining "Properties: Keyboard" window, select the "English" language in the "Installed languages..." list and click "Delete".
Then highlight the language "Polish" and click the "Set as default" button.
Then click "OK".
Restart your computer.

Please note that in Windows 2000 you can use Polish characters in the Russian version in system fields (like names of files or parameters).

Possible problems

Symptom: After installing the Polish layout, it became impossible to switch to the Latin alphabet when entering file names, passwords, in the browser address window...
Reason: You have set the Polish layout incorrectly.
Remedy: Remove the Polish keyboard layout, install the English one instead, and make it the main one (used by default). Then reboot and do everything exactly as it is written in our instructions, not forgetting to reboot where we write about it.

Symptom: when trying to make the Polish layout the main one, a message is displayed stating that such a replacement is impossible.
Remedy: 1. Do everything as written in our instructions, ignoring such messages, but be sure to reboot after that.
2. See eliminating the previous cause.

Symptom: you did everything as written, and programs like Word correctly show Polish characters and allow you to enter them. But in other programs, abracadabra is displayed instead of Polish characters.
Reason: You may have changed the code tables for 1250 coloring (this is done, for example, so that PhotoShop starts writing in Russian).
Remedy: The old values ​​need to be returned.
Click "Start", select the "Run..." menu and enter "regedit" in the "Open" window. The registry editing window will appear. In it, find the branch "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\Nls\CodePage". For parameter "1250" there should be "c_1250.nls" (often replaced with c_1251.nls).
Do the same for the branch "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SYSTEM\ ControlSet002\ Control\Nls\CodePage" and for "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SYSTEM\ CurrentControlSet\ Control\Nls\CodePage".
Reboot your computer.
Now PhotoShop will not write in Russian, but you will be able to enter Polish characters normally.

P.S. Why "Polish Programmer"?

There are 2 main Polish layouts: "Polish standard" (like on a typewriter), and "Polish programmer". The Polish standard layout, unlike the English one, has a changed location of the “Z” and “Y” keys, as well as “:”, “;”. Using this layout is not very convenient.

You've done everything. How to type special Polish characters?

Change the current language to Polish (using the combination Ctrl+Shift, Alt+Shift, etc., depending on your settings; or on the keyboard indicator).
In order to write "A," "C," "E," etc. press right "Alt", and the corresponding main letter on the keyboard ("Alt+A", "Alt+C", etc.)
The only letter you won't be able to write this way is "Z" with a line. It is entered by the key combination "Alt+X" ("X" is the next key after "Z").

These keyboard shortcuts work in all Windows programs.

Finally, when all your “torment” is over, we will note that in emails it is possible to dispense with the use of special Polish characters altogether. ;-)

Many lovers of foreign road trips willy-nilly pass through Poland. Some people really don’t like Poland because of the narrow roads and heavy traffic.

Someone is trying in every possible way to get around it, using the Stockholm-Rodby and Klaipeda-Sassnitz ferries.

The majority (judging by the pre-New Year queues in and Domachevo) still travel through Poland. And once they go, they communicate with local residents in hotels, cafes, gas stations or, God forbid, in services. It is possible, of course, like the hero of “The Marriage of Figaro”, who made do with only English expression God damn it, try to act in Poland as well. But, I’m afraid, you won’t get by with “Clear Cholera” alone :) English, French and German languages will not always help. We will try to compile a short glossary of the necessary terms and expressions. Let's start with greetings. One has only to take into account that in Polish there is no our polite “you”. Therefore, addressing “you” is not at all familiar. There is also an official version of address in the 3rd person singular using the words “pan” or “pani”.

Good afternoon – Dzien dobry (good day)

Good evening – Dobry wieczor (good evening)

Tomorrow - Jutro (yutro)

Morning – Ranek (early) Morning – Rano (early)

Thank you – Dziekuje(zenkuje)

Please – Prosze (prosher)

Sorry – Przepraszam (psheprasham)

The Polish language has a lot of sibilant sounds. The combination “sz” is pronounced like “sh”, “cz” - like “ch”, “rz” - like “zh” or “sh”.
Now let's turn to road service facilities and other inscriptions found along the road.

Let's start with gas stations. In Polish they are called “Stacija paliw” (paliw station). There are almost no old gas stations left in Poland. Modern ones belong to both local chains “Orlen”, “Huzar”, “Bliska”,

and transnational “Statoil”, “BP”, “Shell”. Fuel on the former is slightly cheaper than on the latter.

At the price stands everything is quite simple. ON means diesel fuel, and LPG means gas.

The next most important after the gas station is the car wash. Moreover, at least 700 km to Brest usually leave very noticeable dirty marks on the body of the car. In Brest, as always, “by appointment only,” so we will wash in Poland. And a Polish car wash is much cheaper than ours. The author usually washed a dirty car for 12-18 pln. (150-220 rubles) On the outskirts of cities along the main roads, the following inscriptions are easily found:

They mean the following: at the end there is a car wash. Top – hand wash, interior cleaning, wax coating. A stationary sink might look like this. The inscription “bezdotykowa” means “contactless”.

There are a lot of self-service car washes in Poland. They are noticeably cheaper than regular ones.

Self-service car washes must have detailed instructions manual.

What else could a road traveler need? Tire fitting, of course. In Polish it looks like this. The inscriptions above the entrances to the pits mean the well-known “tires and rims” among us.

Here the sign above the tire shop is completely different. Literal translation – tire center. Nearby there is an inscription - “wheel geometry”, meaning “in our opinion” - “wheel alignment”.

Let's sum up the intermediate results. Opony or ogumienie are tires, felgi are wheels, and tire fitting can be hidden under the signs wulkanizacja or serwis opon.

In case of other breakdowns, look for the “Auto serwis” sign.

or “Mechanika pojazdowa”. On the left side of the sign it says “Oil Change”. “Oleje” means butter in Polish.

And this branded oil service from Castrol is no match for the previous private box.

I really wouldn’t want anyone to need a workshop under the sign “Auto szyby”, which means “auto glass”.

Silencers in Polish are “tlumiki”.

You should look for small auto items (I hope you won’t need anything large) in Auto czesci stores.

Don't be alarmed when you see a sign like this. It's just a car shop. In Polish, any store is called sklep (crypt).

It’s time to remember your beloved self :) First, let’s go shopping. Let's start with food. Here is a fairly inexpensive network, common in small towns. In the “trading hierarchy” it corresponds to our “Pyaterochka”. Only the prices are much lower, and the quality is much higher.

This is also a fairly simple chain store, but with a very good choice quality and inexpensive products.

No one bothers you to shop in ordinary small stores. But in this store the selection (and prices) will probably be better...

than in this :)

The topic of shopping is absolutely immense. I will only say that Polish products are usually inexpensive and of high quality, although Chinese junk can also be found there. This is an inexpensive clothing store.

And here on the department store you can see the inscription: “Trading house Podvale.”

Somehow we got distracted. Our goal is to go through Poland as quickly as possible, so we don’t have much time for crypt shops. But we definitely need to eat, especially since the food in Poland is tasty and inexpensive. In order to have lunch or just a snack, it is absolutely not necessary to visit the cities. On any road (except for very “3-digit” ones), you will definitely come across Zajazd or Karczma. The literal translation of the word “zayazd” is an inn. Usually you can eat and spend the night there.

But karczma (tavern) has a purely food purpose. Most often, it is built of wood and stylized as Khlop (peasant) or Gural (mountain) architecture.

Well, we’ve eaten, now we can sleep :) Accommodations (noclegy) in Poland are inexpensive and comfortable. For 200-250 pln you can find a wonderful 3-4* hotel. The word “Hotel” will appear on its sign.

A more modest establishment can be called “Hotelik” :) Its price is somewhere around 120-150 pln.

“Gifts” (gosciniec) are at approximately the same level, but under the sign of Zakwaterowanie there will most likely be something quite modest.

We just have to deal with the Polish road signs and pointers that have their own characteristics. Most Polish roads go through settlements, and photo radars have been installed in villages and villages. Signs must indicate their presence. Such…

or like that.

On dangerous sections of the road, signs with the word “wypadki” are installed. Alas, this is not precipitation, this is an accident.

“Attacks” can be like this.

In small towns we often encounter signs that are unfamiliar to us. At the exit from the fire station there is a sign that says “departure. guard."

A similar sign warns about the departure of ambulances (pogotowie ratunkowe in Polish).

But this sign is installed under the “pedestrian crossing” sign and means “attention children.”

On Polish roads you can often see such a sign under the “Winding Road” sign, it indicates the number of windings :)

If their number cannot be described, then they simply write...

But this is not an ordinary sign. It takes place in northern Poland, where many roads have been lined with trees since Prussian times. The warning reads: “trees on the edge of the road.”

And in Bialystok, under the sign “Other dangers”, a sign with the word “piesi” was found. It means pedestrians, not dogs at all, although in Polish dog is pies.

Finally a concept that I won't be able to illustrate. If in response to the question “How to get there?”, they tell you “Cialy czas prosto” (Cialy hour is simple), this means “Straight all the time” :)

Of course, this writing does not pretend to be deep and comprehensive, but if it helps someone overcome Poland more comfortably, then the task will be completed.

Thanks to everyone who posted the photos used here for free access.

Polish is one of the Slavic languages, so speakers of Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian languages it will be quite easy to master it. Some words are very similar, the syntax and other grammatical structures are similar.

So, the very first thing you need to know is how many letters are in the Polish alphabet? 32 letters.

At the same time, the Poles have a Latin alphabet, but with the addition of special letters denoting sounds characteristic of Polish speech that are absent in other languages ​​that use the Latin alphabet.

Note, the letters Q, V and X are missing from the alphabet, but they can occur in words of foreign (non-Polish) origin, especially in proper names.

Letter	Pronunciation of letters (audio)	Example	Pronunciation of the word (audio)
A a		pr a c a
		Job
Ą ą		m ą ż
[ɔ/ou]		husband
B b		nie b o
		sky
C c		With O
[ʦ/ts]		What
Ć ć		by ć
[ʨ/whose]		be
D d		d aleko
		far
E e		t eż
[ɛ/e]		too, also
Ę ę		imi ę
[ε/eu]		Name
F f		f ilm
		movie
G g		g ość
		guest
H h		h erbata
		tea
I i		iść
		go
J j		j echać
		drive
K k		k awa
		coffee
Ll		l ubić
		be in love
Ł ł		mi ł y
		Cute
Mm		m ost
		bridge
Nn		ra n o
		morning
Ń ń		ta ń czyć
[ɲ/н]		dance
O o		o kn o
[ɔ/o]		window
Ó ó		m ó c
		be able
P p		p rzerwa
		break
R r		r obić
		do
Ss		s yn
		son
Ś ś		ś roda
[ɕ/ш]		Wednesday
T t		t eraz
		Now
U u		sz u kać
		search
W w		w olny
		free
Y y		cz y
[ɨ/s]		whether
Z z		z amek
		lock
Ź ź		je ź dzić
[ʒ/w]		ride
Ż ż		ż ona
[ʑ/zh]		wife

How to learn?

To learn Polish alphabet you need to know how its letters and combinations are read. We'll talk about this further.

Pronunciation of letter combinations

In addition to those mentioned above, in the Polish language there are combinations of letters pronounced as one sound:

Pronunciation of vowels

Polish vowels are in many ways similar to Russian vowels in pronunciation, but there are some differences.

Letters a, e, y, u, j

The sound of the letter " A"is fully consistent with Russian. For example, Polish k a w a(Russian coffee) is pronounced [ kava].

« E“sounds like the Russian “E”: zamek (Russian castle) – [ zamek].

« U"corresponds to the Russian "Y": rybny (Russian fish) - [ fishy], stary (Russian old) - [ old].

Polish " U"is completely similar to the Russian "U": kurtka (Russian jacket) - [ jacket].

In combination with the preceding “i”, the pronunciation may change slightly - see below for more on this.

« J" is often called a semivowel. It fully corresponds to the Russian “Y”: jasny (Russian clear) - [ clear].

How to read the letter "i"?

Letter " i"in most cases coincides with the Russian "and": minister (Russian minister) - [ minister], malina (Russian raspberry) - [ raspberries].

However, in a number of combinations the sound " i" is not pronounced at all, but is an indication that the previous consonant is being softened. These combinations include "ia", "ie", "iu" and "io".

Examples:

• miasto (city) - [ meaty];
• piosenka (song) - [ little dog];
• tiul (tulle) - [ tulle];
• bieg (running) - [ beck];
• wiek (century) - [ century].

In words of foreign origin, these combinations can form the sounds “yo”, “ye”, “ya”, “yu”. Examples: historia (Russian history) - [ histor'ya], armya (Russian army) - [ arm'ya].

Vowels o, ó

« ABOUT- corresponds to the Russian “O”, but is always pronounced in this form, without turning into “A”.

One of the most common mistakes Native speakers of the Russian language, especially from its central and southern areas of distribution, out of habit, “accus” Polish words - this is a mistake! For example, the word pogoda (Russian weather) Always pronounced like [ weather] And never How [ pagoda], and robotnik (Russian worker) always sounds like [ botnik], and the form [ worker] is incorrect.

Somewhat more difficult with the vowel " Ó " It is pronounced like the Russian “U”, but is often used in words similar to their Russian counterparts, but with the letter “O”. For example, góra (Russian mountain) - [ gura], wódka (Russian vodka) - [ branch].

Besides, " Ó " often turns into a regular "O" when the form of the word changes (declension, changes in numbers, etc.): ogród (Russian garden) - [ ógrut], but ogrody (Russian gardens) - [ fences], mój (Russian my) - [ muy], but mojego (Russian: mine) - [ my].

"Nasal" ę, ą

These vowels, due to the specifics of their pronunciation, are called nasal. They sound like ę – [en], ą – [He]. The “N” sound at the end is pronounced with a slight nasal sound. For ease of transcription, we agree to write these letters/sounds in the following pronunciation: ę – [en], ą – [He]: język (Russian language) - [ language], zakąska (Russian snack) - [ legal].

There are a number of exceptions:

• Letter ę at the end of the word it is pronounced like the letter “e”: imię (Russian name) - [ um'ye].
• Before the letters c, d, t and combinations dz, dź, cz ę sounds like a full-fledged [ en], A ą How [ He] without any nasal sounds: mętny (Russian muddy) - [ mentny], mądry (Russian wise) - [ mondra].
• Before ć and the combination dż – “n” in both sounds is softened: ę — [en], ą [ he].
• Before the letters b and p, the nasal sound is retained, but turns into “M”, i.e. ę – [Em], ą – [ohm]: zęby (Russian teeth) - [ zemba], dąb (Russian oak) - [ domp].
• Before l and ł, both letters lose their nasal sound, retaining only sounds ę – [uh], ą – [O]: zginął (Russian he died) - [ zginov], zginęła (Russian she died) - [ zgineva].

Pronunciation of consonants

Pronouncing Polish consonants is not difficult. They are very similar to Russians:

• Voiced consonants at the end of a word are also deafened: Bug (Russian Bug River) – [ beech].
• Voiced consonants that come before deaf ones also sound dull: budka (Russian booth) – [ bottle].

It should be remembered, What " G" is always pronounced as a hard Russian "G" - it never softens and does not transform into other sounds: dobrego (Russian gender case - good) - [ good]. Forms [ good] or [ good] are unacceptable!

Letters H And CH- This different spelling the same sound, equal to the Russian “X”.

Accent

The easiest way to deal with accents is - in the vast majority of cases the penultimate syllable is stressed.

Exceptions to this rule are so rare that they are not found in all dictionaries.

Words ending in –ski, -cki and –dzki

Words with endings –ski, -cki and –dzki deserve special attention. Most often they are found in the names of geographical objects. They are pronounced (in Polish) in accordance with the rules described above, but in Russian they have analogues:

• Adjectives in – ski, —cki are transmitted in the corresponding number and gender of the Russian form: Puszcza Notecka [ Notecka Forest] – Note Tskaya Pushcha
• In case of suffix – sk- the consonant sound present in the noun from which the adjective is derived is restored: Kaliski [ calisques] comes from Kalisz [ Kalish] - Russian form of Kali w skiy.
• In words to - dzki endings are conveyed as " -dsky", if the stem noun had a final letter "d", and " -dzskiy" - if the word ended in "dz": Grudziądzki (stem noun Grudzią dz), meaning the Russian form of Grudzen dzsky, but Starogradzki (base word Starogra d) - Starogra dskiy.

Having learned the basic rules of pronunciation, all that remains is to replenish lexicon and you can feel more comfortable on the streets of Poland, and Required documents fill out or check yourself, which will help avoid mistakes or fraud.

In contact with

"Vlaschne" - właściwie. This word is used in conversation, in context:

1. exactly,
2. just now,
3. actually

The word similar to it is “Dokladne” - dokładnie

• dokładnie tak, jak mówi Zhanneta - exactly as Zhanneta says about it
• właśnie spotkałem się z nim - I just met him

The next word is “Nagle” - nagle
Not arrogant at all. The word "Nagle" means "to hurry", "suddenly", "suddenly", "unexpectedly", "quickly"

• Właśnie był tu, i nagle zniknął - I was just here and suddenly disappeared
• Nagle spotkal diabła - Suddenly he met the devil

The word "Očevišče" - oczywiście means "of course" (!)

• Оczywiście nie ma problemu - Of course, there are no problems
• Jeśli zdanie tego wymaga, oczywiście stawiamy przecinek. - If the sentence requires it, of course, we put a comma.

The word "Dopero" - dopiero, sounds very often in colloquial speech. It could be replaced with the words “tylko”, “ledwo” and 20 more synonyms that replace the word dopiero. "Dopero" should be understood to mean:

1. just now

• ma przyjść dopiero jutro - he should come only tomorrow.
• Daj mnie spokój, że dopiero co wrócił z roboty i jestem zmęczony! - Give me peace of mind, I just returned from work, tired!
• Będę w domu dopiero w piątek - I won’t be home until Friday
• Ja dopiero przybył na stację - I just arrived at the station

“Yet” and “Nevertheless” - przecież- Przecierz.

• Рrzecież ja też Cie kocham - Nevertheless, I love you too
• Nie, przecież podaje też datę - No, in the end, we also get the date
• Przecież ja już to robi! - Well, I’m already doing this!
• bo przecież ja również się bałem - because I was too scared.

The word "Chile" czyli- approximately means “that is”, “or”, “it means so”... The word “Eventual” - ewentualnie- has the meaning “maybe” and 22 more meanings, because it can be replaced with 22 synonyms - Słowo ewentualnie posiada 22 synonimy.

• “Julia, czyli Nowa Heloiza”, “Zmierzch bożyszcz, czyli Jak filozofuje się młotem”, “Justyna, czyli Niedole cnoty” - “Julia, or the New Heloise”, “Twilight of the Idols, or how the hammer philosophizes”, “Justine, or misfortunes” virtues"
• nie wzięła kluczy, czyli że zostawiła drzwi otwarte - She didn’t take the keys, so she left the door open
• Tłumaczenie frazy ewentualnie na język holenderski. Zobacz jak tłumaczy się ewentualnie na język niderlandzku. — Explanation of phrases specifically in the Dutch language. See how it ends up being translated in Dutch.

• Jest akurat pięć jabłek dla nas pięciorga. — There are exactly five apples for the five of us.
• akurat o wpół do dziewiątej zachciało mi się pić - exactly at half past eight I felt thirsty
• Nie mogę przyjść do ciebie o piątej, akurat o tej porze jestem zajęty - I can’t come to you at five, because I’m busy at that hour

The word "Pevne" - pewnie- close in meaning to the words “of course”, “sure”, “certainly”, “obviously”, “plausibly”... Słowo “pewnie” has 211 synonyms in the synonym dictionary.

• No pewnie, że tak!. - There is no doubt that this is so!
• Pewnie wielu językoznawców by się z tym zgodziło - Probably many linguists would agree with this
• Pewnie dobrze zarobię. - Undoubtedly he will make good money.

The word "Hiba" chyba- has 55 meanings. Among the synonyms: if, if, in addition, otherwise, so that, provided, otherwise... There are many expressions in which the word “chyba” is used. By association it is close to the word “Khiba”.

In a Russian-phonic environment, it is quite difficult to understand the meaning of such stable expressions as “ Masz rację" (You are right), " Dash radiy"(able to cope independently) or comprehend the word form " Рotrafić"(be able to)

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