To make canned food tasty, choose only fresh and high-quality products. Wash glass jars, fill them with the recipe ingredients and seal them tightly with metal lids. There is no need to pre-sterilize autoclave jars.
Loading cans into the autoclave
Place the sealed jars on the rack at the bottom of the canner. You can place jars in an autoclave in several layers. The next row of cans can be placed directly on the lids of the previous row.
If the autoclave is equipped with special pressure cassettes, the jars are installed in them according to the instructions that come with the device.
Attention! Important! Only one type of jar with the same lid should be installed in one layer!
Then pour into the autoclave cold water so that the free space to the top edge of the device is approximately 3-4 cm.
Preservation in an autoclave
Close the lid of the device, make sure that the O-ring is present. Close the lid. To ensure that the lid does not skew to the side and that it lies flat, tighten the nuts crosswise.
If the autoclave is supplied without cassettes that compensate for the difference in pressure in the jars and the device, pump air into the tank with a pump through the “nipple” until the pressure gauge shows 1 atm using a car or any other pump. Creating a pressure of up to 1 atm in the autoclave is necessary to maintain the integrity of the cans, since when heated, a difference in pressure is formed in the autoclave itself and inside the cans, and to check the tightness of the connection between the lid and the body.
If the autoclave is supplied with special pressure cassettes, pre-pumping is not necessary.
Turn on the heat. As it heats up, the pressure in the device will increase; we need 0.4 MPa, which corresponds to 120 °C. When the autoclave warms up to desired temperature, the jars must be kept in this mode for the time recommended for canned products. For example, for meat it is about an hour, canned vegetables in an autoclave will be ready after 20 minutes of sterilization at the same temperature, pickled mushrooms must be cooked for 40-50 minutes at a temperature of at least 110 degrees.
Completion of sterilization
After the required time has passed, gradually reduce the pressure, gradually reducing the heat until the heat source is completely turned off. Allow the unit to cool to a temperature of no more than 30°C, then slowly release the pressure using the nipple. Do not allow sudden heating and cooling, sudden release or increase in pressure - the jars may burst.
Before opening the lid, check the pressure release valve once to make sure that the pressure in the autoclave and outside are equalized. If nothing happens, you can safely open the lid.
Canned food is ready!
Open the lid and remove the jars. One laying and bringing the canned food to cooking takes 3-3.5 hours. As a rule, experienced people do this in the afternoon and by the evening they turn off the autoclave and then leave it to cool in this position until the morning.
When the sun rises, you can take out the finished jars, which will then be a wonderful delicacy for your table!
After you have studied the instructions for using the autoclave, you can begin preparing dishes, including: fish and meat stews, vegetable preparations, homemade pickles, jams and preserves.
Sterilization modes
| Name of canned food | Can volume, ml. | Sterilization temperature, o C | Duration of sterilization, minutes |
| Canned meat | 350 | 120 | 30 |
| 500 | 40 | ||
| 1000 | 60 | ||
| Canned poultry meat | 350 | 120 | 20 |
| 500 | 30 | ||
| 1000 | 50 | ||
| Canned fish | 350 | 115 | 20 |
| 500 | 25 | ||
| 1000 | 30 | ||
| Canned vegetables | 350 | 100 | 10 |
| 500 | 15 | ||
| 1000 | 20 | ||
| Marinated mushrooms | 350 | 110 | 20 |
| 500 | 30 | ||
| 1000 | 40 |
We offer repairs of sterilizers at competitive prices in Moscow and throughout Russia, providing optimal combination prices and quality. We work with all types sterilization equipment, including autoclaves of any class and volume, dry-heat and dry-air cabinets, air and steam sterilizers, as well as chambers for storing sterile equipment. We carry out one-time repair broken down equipment and provide subscriber services medical centers, laboratories and other enterprises using sterilization units.
The best solutions for sterilizers from the Fort company
Our company combines key advantages for successful repair and maintenance of sterilization equipment:
- Has the necessary equipment for diagnostics and repairs
- Unites competent professionals with great experience working with such equipment, we have been working in this field for 10 years and have gathered the best specialists
- Has direct access to suppliers of components for the most common brands of sterilization units.
As a result, we are ready to offer our clients the following advantages:
- Accurate diagnostics of units of any degree of complexity, detection of the causes of malfunctions and development of repair tactics.
- Supply of all necessary spare parts for repairs in the most short time so that your establishment does not stand idle and does not experience difficulties during daily work due to disabilities sterilization.
- Carrying out the necessary repair work. Our experts service everything technical units, including electronics, heating elements, pumps, fittings, controls, etc.
- Commissioning of equipment and checking key parameters of its operation. We will hand over the unit to you only after we are convinced that it fully performs its functions.
In addition to repairs in case of malfunctions, we also offer subscription Maintenance sterilization equipment, which includes regular diagnostics, cleaning, checking of main technical components and minor repairs. Regular maintenance can significantly extend the service life and reduce the risk of sudden failures.
Typical signs of breakdown of autoclaves and sterilizers
Since the sterility of medical or laboratory equipment and instruments is a key task, it is necessary to especially carefully monitor the performance of sterilizers. Having noticed the first signs of a malfunction, you must immediately stop using it and call a technician for repairs. In particular, you should pay attention to the following signs:
- Error indication by the device itself. If the machine is equipped with a self-diagnosis system, be sure to pay attention to the various error indications.
- The appearance of extraneous noise, vibrations and sounds during operation of the unit that were not there before.
- Disturbances in the work cycle. For example, problems with drying equipment in an autoclave, etc.
- Failure of control elements. For example, starting a process or setting parameters requires pressing buttons multiple times, or the device does not respond to controls.
- Mechanical damage, loosening of fittings.
If such signs are detected, you need to understand that some technical components of the device have already failed, and the unit cannot fully perform its function, and therefore you should contact for repairs.
Profitable maintenance of sterilizers
One of the key advantages of working with us is favorable prices for all types of repair work. With us you get the following economic advantages:
- Up to 15% discount on repair work if you have a regular service agreement.
- Favorable prices for all types of original spare parts, achieved through direct access to suppliers.
- Fair prices for repairs, optimal combination of price and quality. You receive a refurbished sterilizer without overpayments.
- Flexible tariffs for service maintenance of sterilizers, which are selected depending on the scale of your organization.
Call right now to get advice on repair and maintenance of sterilizers or order a specialist visit!
Sterilization of instruments is a necessity in the medical field and cosmetology. Special equipment is used for this. The most common are autoclaves. They may have different performance, design, and technical features.
In cosmetology and medicine, three types of autoclaves are used:
- columned;
- horizontal;
- vertical.
Each device is equipped with a heat exchanger (external or internal) and a special mixing device. The latter can be mechanical, electromagnetic, pneumatic. Maintenance and repair of the autoclave is carried out by a master, taking into account its structural, technical features.
Features of the use and repair of autoclaves
Equipment for sterilization is required certain requirements. First of all, it must be operational and efficient. Autoclaves are used in areas where instrument sterility matters a lot. Accordingly, the condition of sterilization equipment must be carefully monitored.
Maintenance and repair of autoclaves must be carried out as planned. During maintenance, specialized specialists assess the condition of the sterilization equipment and identify hidden defects parts, the performance of the components is diagnosed. If necessary, worn elements are replaced with new ones. Planned component repairs are also carried out.
Autoclave repair is a task for professionals
Maintenance, modernization, and restoration of sterilization equipment must be performed by specialists of the appropriate profile. The work is carried out both at the site where the equipment is used in Moscow or another city, with a technician on site, and in a service center.
Diagnostics, examination, and repair of an autoclave require special equipment and tools, certain knowledge and skills. It is necessary to entrust diagnostic and repair work to professionals.
Engineers and technical specialists of Glory Med Service will perform the entire range of necessary service work with a guarantee of quality results. We service autoclaves of all common makes and models. Cooperation with clients is carried out on contractual terms.
We also carry out testing and commissioning of sterilization equipment when modernizing the material and technical base in a medical institution or beauty parlor.
Question answer
Question #260
Sanzhiev Aldar Nikolaevich asked a question on the topic: autoclave repair
Good afternoon, please tell me how much it will cost to repair an autoclave in the city of Tomsk? along with all the costs? We need to carry out diagnostics, disassembly, pressure gauge repair, distribution valve maintenance, emergency valve repair, expansion barrel cleaning, hydraulic pipe cleaning, autoclave assembly and autoclave operation testing. Can you please send me a commercial proposal to pay for your services, to settle the price with your superiors?
To the question #260 answered GloriMedEsthetician Sergey Nikolaevich, Leading Engineer
Good afternoon. We have service center only in Moscow. You can send it to us for diagnostics and repair. The exact price can only be stated after diagnosis.
Maxim continued the question on the topic: autoclave repair
Autoclaving means the treatment of instruments, linen, chemical glassware and equipment, and other materials with hot steam at high blood pressure. Under these conditions, all bacteria and viruses die quite quickly, in less than an hour.
Autoclaving is a narrower term than sterilization. Sterilization also implies the destruction of all pathogenic microorganisms, but different methods can be chosen, including autoclaving. In addition, it happens:
chemical sterilization (various chemical reagents, for example, ethyl alcohol, gases, hydrogen peroxide, iodine compounds, chloramine, etc.);
ultraviolet sterilization, for example using bactericidal irradiators, Ambilife air disinfection units;
ultrasonic sterilization;
treatment infrared radiation;
sterilization in dry-heat cabinets (air sterilizers).
Autoclaving is carried out using special devices - autoclaves. Autoclaves vary in size, design, and purpose. In laboratories and medical institutions they are used for sterilization. On industrial enterprises Autoclaves are used to produce dyes, herbicides, rubber products, building materials, carbon fibers, metals, food products and much more. Household autoclaves for canning at home are also produced.
The principle of operation of the autoclave is based on the fact that at normal pressure water boils at +100 °C. With further heat supply, the water temperature does not increase, but intense steam formation begins. If the vessel is sealed, the steam pressure begins to increase. The temperature of water and steam begins to rise. In a balanced system, the evaporation process stops, and the resulting hot steam easily penetrates the cells of microorganisms, killing them.
Hot steam also kills spores. To increase the disinfection effect, many autoclave models are equipped with a system for removing air and oxygen contained in it. The fact is that oxygen can help protect some bacteria. On the contrary, steam in an evacuated autoclave has greater penetrating power.
There are autoclaves different designs, size, degree of automation, but they all consist of:
outer casing capable of withstanding high pressure;
covers with built-in pressure gauge and valve for reducing overpressure;
chambers with water generating steam (equipped with a tap to drain remaining water after finishing work);
chambers for sterilized materials and equipment, into which steam is supplied under pressure.
The heat supply can be either external, for example, from gas or electric stove, and built-in (electric heaters).
Working with an autoclave involves certain risks. An autoclave left unattended may explode. That is why autoclaving should only be carried out by specially trained personnel.
The autoclaving process begins by removing the lid of the device. 
with the sterilized items placed in it, seal hermetically and close all taps except the air outlet valve. Water is poured into the water chamber and the heaters are turned on. They wait until the chamber with the material being sterilized is filled with steam, which begins to displace the air. The pressure is raised to 1 atmosphere and the air is completely released. After this, the pressure (according to the pressure gauge) is adjusted to the required value and from this moment the countdown of the sterilization time begins.
After sterilization is completed, first turn off the heaters, then open the tap and release the steam. Only after the pressure gauge shows the value “0” can the lid be opened. All materials from the autoclave are immediately unloaded - they cannot be left there! The water from the chamber is drained and the autoclave is left to dry.
There are two main autoclaving modes:
1. More severe with a temperature of +132 °C and a pressure of 2 atmospheres. Sterilization time is 20 minutes. In this mode, dressings, glass, porcelain and stainless steel dishes, corrosion-resistant instruments, glass syringes, needles, tweezers, etc. are sterilized; underwear, workwear.
2. Gentle with a temperature of +120 °C and a pressure of 1.1 atmospheres. Time - 45 min. This is how plastic products (polypropylene, polyethylene) are sterilized high density, polystyrene), rubber, latex.
In medical institutions and biological laboratories, the operation of the autoclave is periodically checked. To do this, during the next cycle of operation of the device, ampoules with benzoic acid are placed inside (becomes purple when heated to +120 °C) or with urea (melts at +132 °C). For a more accurate analysis, test tubes with saprophytes and their spores are placed in an autoclave, and then the laboratory checks whether they survived the procedure.
A household autoclave has long become an indispensable kitchen attribute for many zealous owners who prefer to prepare a variety of meat and fish snacks, compotes and juices at home. This unique device allows you to simply, quickly and safely process significant volumes of products at a time. Another important advantage of this method of preservation is that all ingredients retain their beneficial and nutritional properties.
Types of autoclaves
Currently on sale you can find home autoclaves of three modifications: electric, heated gas stove and combined, in which the possibility of both methods of operation is provided. In addition, the models differ in functionality, volume and power, which allows each consumer to choose for themselves suitable option. The price of an autoclave, depending on its technical features, can vary from 25,000 to 45,000 rubles.
Once upon a time, preparing canned food using the autoclave method was considered a rather risky activity due to the high explosion hazard of older models of such units. But modern products are completely safe, as they have multi-stage protection mechanisms, special locks, safety valves to prevent excess pressure build-up and automatic shut-off system.
Effective destruction of harmful organisms
Back in the 19th century, microbiologists proved that the death of vegetative forms of microorganisms present in food products, occurs when they are cooked for an hour at a temperature of 60°C. This process was called pasteurization, but it had one serious drawback - at this temperature, spore forms of microbes and bacteria were not destroyed. Complete neutralization could only be ensured by sterilization of products at high temperatures. But even in a liquid boiling at 100°C, some dangerous organisms, for example, botulism bacteria survived. Therefore, it was necessary to find a solution to increase the processing temperature.
It was experimentally established that if pressure is created inside the container, the boiling point will rise above 120°C. Thus, the first prototypes of sterilizers were developed.
A household autoclave for canning also functions in the same way. It 100% eliminates harmful microorganisms. At the same time, no other devices (multi-cookers, pressure cookers and other devices) have such efficiency. The autoclave method for preparing canned food not only makes it completely safe, but also keeps it for a very long time.
Design
An autoclave is a hermetically sealed container, basically cylindrical equipped with a lid. All structural elements are made from durable metal. The cover of the device is equipped with a pressure gauge designed to control pressure, a thermometer and a fitting for pumping and bleeding air.
All models of devices are characterized by a fairly simple operating principle. They provide fast heating and, when loaded, operate at constant temperatures (about 120°C) and pressure (about 4.5 atm.) for the time required for preparing canned food.
Electric models are fully automated. Some of them are equipped electronic unit management. Please note that if you want to purchase an automated autoclave, its price will be significantly higher than that of simple gas modifications.
Operating principle of the autoclave system
In an unsealed container, such as a saucepan, it is impossible to heat water above its boiling point. That is, when it reaches 100°C, the liquid stops heating. This happens due to its intense evaporation during the heating process. When boiling for a long time, water goes from a liquid state to a completely gaseous state - steam.
Home autoclaves have a sealed design, inside which a certain pressure is created using water vapor. The higher the temperature of the liquid, the stronger the evaporation and, therefore, the greater the pressure in the system. A modern household autoclave, regardless of modification, provides fractional evacuation, that is, oxygen is removed in several cycles, due to which the latent heat generated during the process of increasing pressure is characterized by a huge penetrating force that destroys microbial spores.
Due to the increased temperature, cooking food in an autoclave is much faster than by boiling in the usual way. For example, it only takes 1 minute to stew fresh cabbage, 5 minutes for green beans, and about 20 minutes for a whole 3-pound chicken. Due to instant cooking Under pressure, a household autoclave allows you to preserve all the taste and vitamin value of products.
Operating rules
Despite design features different models, they all work according to the same scheme. The instructions for the home autoclave contain information about technical specifications(internal volume, dimensions, weight, operating pressure and temperature), as well as operating requirements that must be observed. In general, the algorithm for using these devices is as follows:
- Prepare jars of appropriate volume (0.5 or 1 l).
- Filling containers necessary ingredients(there are a variety of autoclave recipes available).
- Sealing filled jars with metal lids (to avoid swelling and tearing off the lids, products should not reach 2-3 cm to the edge of the neck).
- Laying a thick fabric pad on the bottom of the autoclave or wooden lattice(to protect the cans, it is recommended to lay fabric between their walls).
- Loading containers into a household autoclave in several “floors”.
- Fill the unit with water to the level specified in the instructions.
- Closing the autoclave and creating initial pressure using a pump (you need to make sure that the installation is sealed and air is not leaking anywhere).
- Heating the device until the required pressure is created (the operating manual should contain a table of the dependence of temperature indicators on pressure).
- Cooking (recipes for an autoclave usually indicate the cooking time for canned pork, beef, chicken, rabbit, fish, different types game and vegetables).
- A smooth decrease in pressure after the required time has elapsed (heating is reduced gradually until the heat source is completely turned off).
- Cooling down of the installation.
- Slowly release the pressure in the device by lightly pressing the spool.
- Opening the autoclave and removing the finished preserves.
It should be taken into account that with sudden heating and cooling, release and increase of pressure, there is a risk of spontaneous opening of the cans, so all transitions must be carried out smoothly. In addition, it is strictly forbidden to leave a working autoclave unattended, as the pressure must be constantly monitored.
Choosing the optimal model
When choosing a device, you should focus on the operating conditions and the number of 0.5 or 1 liter cans that can be loaded at a time. For example, if you plan to preserve small batches of food, then it is not advisable to buy a 46-liter unit, since it is quite possible to get by with a compact and inexpensive gas model of 20-25 liters.
When purchasing, be sure to inquire about the presence of a quality certificate and warranty obligations manufacturer.
Sterilization modes
These indicators are determined by the configuration of the devices, heating methods, heat transfer characteristics and other criteria. Optimal modes The preparation of certain products is often selected experimentally, focusing on recipe recommendations.
Advantages of using autoclaves
This high quality and the safety of home canned products. Quick and easy to prepare. Increased shelf life of finished products.