1.What does “second light” mean?
Second light- this is a room in a house without ceilings second (third, etc.) floor. In the professional language of architects, this technique is called double-height hall. IN educational literature According to architecture, this definition sounds like this: “DOUBLE-STORY HALL (see HALL), a main room, a hall with two-story high walls (not separated by a ceiling) and two rows of windows. “Second light” is the name given to the upper tier of walls and windows.”.
2. History of the construction of buildings with second light.
This architectural technique in construction has been known since the construction of palaces and estates of the Middle Ages. Both in European and in architecture Russian Empire many examples of use double-height halls during the construction of royal mansions of past centuries.
For example, Banquet Hall Banqueting House) at Whitehall Palace (now defunct) in London was built in 1619-1622 in the style of English classicism, where a single double-height hall. From the noble solemnity and magnificent composition of the building, this palace was the first of its kind in Great Britain.
In St. Petersburg stands a magnificent monument of the 18th century - the first building of the northern capital, for the decoration of which 32 types of marble were used. The halls of this palace amaze with their wealth and elegance; a grand staircase led to the upper floors. The main room of which, the Marble Hall, was reconstructed in the 19th century; the interfloor coverings of the second and third floors were removed and the Marble Hall became double-light, as we see it now. The wonderfully beautiful ceiling was raised to the ceiling of the third floor and crystal chandeliers appeared.
In the history of architecture, they are also known from the second world. This was the case with Elizaveta Petrovna, who lived remotely during the reign of Anna Ioanovna in Pokrovskoye-Rubtsovo, which is not far from Moscow. According to legend, Elizabeth lived there cheerfully, organizing holidays, dancing and festivities. The wooden palace was located on the shore of a pond: one-story, on a high basement, with a central double-height hall. This monument wooden architecture has not survived to this day; it is only known that it was decorated in Japanese and Chinese styles.
Most of our readers buildings with second light known from an early age. After all, many of us in childhood attended various clubs in astronomy, aircraft modeling, knitting, cutting and sewing, or music studios in the Palace of Pioneers or the House of Culture, and went to the swimming pool in the swimming section. It was there that we could first encounter this architectural technique double-height space with tiers of windows in many rows. Of course, the majority did not even pay attention to design features different public buildings, but space internal space probably couldn't help but notice, since these public institutions very different from our standard apartments.
For example, the Palace of Pioneers on the Lenin Hills in Moscow is the most successful construction Khrushchev's “thaw”, as the embodiment of the ideas of constructivism. The main building is the largest object of the complex, divided into several buildings, adjacent to the ends of an extended volume connecting them, where a spectacular space is created double-light winter garden. You can have different attitudes towards our common Soviet past, but it is worth recognizing that at that time the state did not skimp on the education, development and health of children, therefore, for the future builders of communism, magnificent palaces of pioneers and palaces of culture were erected, in which various architectural techniques were used, the most the most memorable of which was double-height space.
It's no secret that many historical buildings Russian capital at one time underwent repairs or reconstruction, and eventually lost their original function, suddenly turning into offices or apartments. But there are still buildings that have retained to this day the purpose for which they were created a century ago. One of them is the former Palace of Pioneers on Vorobyovy Gory with double-light room in the winter garden.
Organization double-light space is also often found in other public buildings: train stations, airports, gyms and indoor stadiums, in establishments of cultural organizations, restaurants, cafes, pavilions, etc.
4.Why do modern developers like a wooden house with a second light?
What is it that attracts the modern developer so much in this rather “official” architectural technique today? Probably, it is precisely this increase in space and the feeling of airiness, freedom, which is so lacking in our rather cramped apartments, limited by a box of walls and ceilings. Second light visually enlarges the room not only due to the absence of ceilings where they usually exist, but also the top row of windows in the second tier gives additional natural lighting to the room with second light.
Each developer, planning his own second light, probably imagines it in the form of an estate, a family nest, secretly dreaming of having something like a palace mansion, in order to feel himself in personal possession as the status owner of a respectable home: if not a marble palace, then at least an estate, second light in which, undoubtedly, it gives representativeness.
In peasant “double-fat huts”, to prevent heat from escaping upward, the staircase opening, along with the stairs leading upward, was tightly covered with boards. Thus, in the lower room, and most often it was big kitchen with a Russian stove, there was a structure in the form of a cabin in which there was a staircase to climb to the upper part of the house. This suggests that in the peasant house they took great care of warmth and such a simple, but effective way We tried to distribute it evenly throughout the house. After all, according to the researcher of Russian architecture M. Krasovsky, two-story huts were built “especially in the northern provinces, where there is still a lot of forest...”(it must be admitted that there is still “a lot of it” in the “northern provinces”, and especially in the Kostroma region), and in the north people value warmth like nowhere else and build wooden houses taking into account the maximum preservation of it in their homes.
D) acoustics in a wooden house with second light;
There are still some features in a house with a second light that some may find inconvenient - the spread of sound from below throughout the house. If a wooden house has interfloor ceilings, they significantly muffle the sound coming from below. In a log house with a second light, the sound from the lower room echoes throughout the house. The second light is traditionally made in the living room, where the TV is located, where all family members and their guests gather. Thus, if there are children in the house and they are already going to bed in the evening, and there are sounds from TV or conversations in your living room, then this noise will spread throughout the house, rising upstairs, preventing younger family members from falling asleep. In this case, you need to take care of additional sound insulation in advance, especially in children's rooms upstairs.
D) second light in a wooden house and children's pranks;
With children in the family, there is a danger of having a second light in a wooden house. You can often hear from the owners of such houses that boys and girls sometimes like to play, jumping from top to bottom over the railings of the second floor, come up with parachute descents with an umbrella and other fun - children's ingenuity is inexhaustible! In such cases, injuries to children or breakdowns are inevitable. various items furniture, since it is almost impossible to predict what your child will invent (especially without parental supervision, left alone) in a house with such an interesting layout with second light, where there is space and where children’s imagination can run wild.
6. What should you pay attention to first if you decide to build a wooden house with second light?
If the future developer is not stopped by any of the negative arguments given above, he is ready to overcome them, then first of all, attention should be paid to heating the house. Very the right decision will install a warm floor, in which the heat will be forcibly retained below. And the larger the area of the heated floor, the greater the effect it will have. Thus, the increase in costs from operating a heated floor in a room with a second light about 6 m high will be 20% higher than in a room with a ceiling about 3 m high.
If you use only convectors for heating a log house, then the increase in costs can be even 80% - it’s up to you to decide whether this is a lot or a little. By heating efficiency wooden house with the second light, you can make the following rating: warm floors come first, then registers, then cast iron radiators, aluminum radiators, and in last resort convector. If the frost outside is -20 degrees, and the temperature of the heated floors is +24 degrees, then the measurements from the floor will be as follows: 1cm from the floor +21 degrees, 2cm from the floor +20 degrees, 4m from the floor +19.5 degrees, 5m (almost under the ceiling) +16-19 degrees.
Thus, the cost of heating a wooden house with second light requires a significant increase in the budget. And houses made of timber with a double-height room, as a rule, are built large, where for the sake of a spectacular view of the front room they sacrifice additional living space on the second floor, therefore, its residents must be wealthy people who can afford the maintenance of such expensive house. A log house with a second light due to its non-standard layout is included in the category luxury houses compared to other wooden houses of the same area.
In any case, if the time comes when you get tired of living in such luxury house or you get tired of overpaying for its expensive maintenance, you are tired of living in a “palace” or “house of culture”, then in a wooden house there is always an opportunity to rectify the situation: contact conscientious construction company with qualified craftsmen who will professionally make inter-ceilings. Then they will appear in your house additional rooms on the second floor and the heat will be more evenly maintained at the top and bottom of the house.
The construction of houses from logs with a second light assumes the absence of interfloor ceilings and the formation single space with ceilings. Combining the first and second levels leads to an increase natural light and extension of daylight hours.
Features of two-story houses
In addition, second light technology has the following advantages:
Free air circulation. The room creates a feeling of freshness, which is combined with the smell of natural wood.
Increase usable area . This makes it possible to create " winter Garden", decorating the interior with spreading and tall plants.
Saving energy resources. Increasing the flow of natural light helps reduce energy consumption.
Aesthetic appeal. Double-height buildings are made with large windows, which gives the buildings an original and sophisticated look.
To heat a room, it is best to use underfloor heating technology or infrared heaters, which ensure uniform circulation of warm air.
Our advantages
Company " Log house Ecostroy» builds houses from logs with second light, which have a long service life and high thermal insulation. This is achieved due to the following factors:
To connect the elements of the log house it is used wooden dowel, preventing the structure from shifting after shrinkage;
Inter-crown joints are insulated with jute fiber;
The house is built from wood from the northern forest, which is distinguished high density, resistance to cracking and rotting;
During production, wood is impregnated with antiseptics, which increase resistance to fungi and mold.
We carry out a full cycle of work - laying the foundation, assembling the frame and installing a temporary roof. At clients' request we will produce finishing and build communications.
Under construction modern housing“second light” is often used - an original architectural technique that provides an increase in natural light due to the absence of part of the ceiling and interfloor ceilings. In the Domamo catalog you can view the most interesting finished projects houses with second light according to a number of characteristics, layout and photos, as well as order individual design.
Advantages of second light
Houses with a second light look European, reminiscent of the palace design of ballrooms, luxurious living rooms and large libraries, which are freely visible from the stairs and galleries of the upper floor. The windows can be made high and with panoramic glazing, giving the cottage a stylish appearance. Such projects provide several advantages:
- Visual space and free air circulation,
- Maximum lighting, allowing you to decorate the room with light-loving house plants,
- Facade aesthetics with the possibility of arrangement original windows and stained glass.
In addition, the construction of houses with additional light structures allows you to save on daylighting of internal stairs, balustrades, and winter gardens.
Features of projects
A house with a second light is quite complex to design, so the participation of specialists is required to accurately calculate all the subtleties and nuances. When ordering a project, you should consider that:
- Rooms with similar architectural feature not practical in a small house.
- The heating price will be slightly higher than for standard-storey cottages. To eliminate heat loss, it is necessary here better thermal insulation roofing, installation of a fireplace or “warm floors”, making the home not only warm, but also cozy.
Projects of houses with a “second light”, implemented in a wide range of architectural options and various materials for the construction of private low-rise housing, they are especially loved and popular among customers of such real estate.
The second light, the projects of log houses with which are also presented in the catalog of the MariMagnat company, is a special architectural technique.
Its specificity lies in the removal of part of the floors between one or several floors, as a result of which the house acquires a number of advantages.
Projects of cottages with a second light: advantages and disadvantages
Projects of cottages with a second light offer their owner the following benefits:
- due to the lack of overlap, the room becomes more spacious (allowing, for example, to place a winter garden with tall ornamental trees);
- in the room where the second light is made, the intensity of natural light increases. The latter advantage can be emphasized and enhanced by increasing the glazing area. Moreover, the second light is usually brought out on the side that is exposed to increased insolation;
- increasing the presentability and aesthetics of the room by obtaining high ceilings;
- country house with second light provides great opportunity and ease of installation of the fireplace.
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Homeowners who have chosen houses and cottages with second light immediately face the question of functional purpose rooms with this architectural solution. As a rule, this is a living room with or without a fireplace, a winter garden with appropriate landscaping, and extremely rarely an empty hall with a staircase and multi-level lighting.
But with all these advantages that are characteristic of this architectural technique, it is not a panacea for improving the appearance of any private home. In addition to many advantages, second light also has certain disadvantages, including:
- obvious loss of usable area provided top floor the part of the ceiling removed when making the second light;
- additional heat loss, since it is more difficult to heat a room with high ceilings;
- certain technological difficulties if the second light is installed in a wooden house made of logs.
Speaking about cottage projects with second light, one cannot fail to note the increased acoustics of such a room. This factor cannot be clearly attributed to any strengths, nor to the number of disadvantages of the second world - it all depends on what functional room is on the first floor and what kind of rooms are adjacent to this “loud corner” of the log house. So, if there is live music (piano or guitar) in the living room, then log houses with a second light will provide it with improved sound. If there is a TV on in the living room, its sounds will be very audible in the rooms on the second or attic floor.
Log cottage with second light: a task for the pros
A log cottage with a second light, in comparison with fire monitor structures or houses made of timber, requires additional measures to enhance the rigidity of the structure. Moreover, such work has a number of its own nuances that are unknown to self-taught builders. Therefore, projects of houses and cottages with a second light from rounded or chopped logs must be implemented by real professionals who work with this building material day after day and thoroughly know its specifics. It is for this reason that projects of houses with a second light - from development to turnkey construction - should be entrusted to the specialists of our company, who have the relevant specialists and experience in this field.
If you are interested in projects of wooden houses with a second light, we recommend that you not only familiarize yourself with the catalog of our standard projects. Projects wooden houses with second light are quite few in number compared to standard projects wooden cottages with a classic layout, so you should contact our managers about ordering individual project such a log house.
IN wooden house construction houses with second light have long become popular.
In houses with second light in one or more rooms (most often in the living room or dining room) are not installed interfloor ceilings. Thus, the space between the first and second in these rooms becomes unified.
Natural light enters the rooms with second light through the windows of the first and second floors, creating, as it were, double lighting. The room becomes even more spacious and light. Often the windows of the first and second floors are combined, and one common glazing is obtained for two floors. This gives the facade of the house with a second light style and presence, and the room - solemnity and presentability. High ceilings allow you to hang luxurious chandeliers and lamps, to embody various design solutions, which are not possible to decorate rooms with standard height ceilings.
The effect of second light is also present when the ceiling is hemmed along the rafters, and not parallel to the floor.
Advantages and disadvantages of houses with second light
Houses with second light have two significant advantages:
- 1. Due to the absence of ceilings, rooms with second light look larger and freer, and the footage of the entire house seems larger. All this adds solidity and solidity to houses with second light.
- 2. Additional natural light has a beneficial effect on emotional condition and the health of the owners of the house with second light, and, to some extent, allows you to save energy.
The disadvantages include the following facts:
- 1. The organization of second light takes up part of the usable area of the house. Therefore, when designing, you should initially provide for the number and size of premises necessary for the comfortable living of all family members.
- 2. As is known, warm air rises up. Therefore, in rooms with second light, the organization of modern effective systems heating, contributing to savings in the operation of the house.
Construction of houses with second light in North Forest
The architects of the North Forest company in the projects of wooden houses with second light took into account all the details, the layouts were carefully thought out, which ensures comfortable living in such a house.
If, instead of a second light, you want to equip an additional bedroom, office or dressing room on the second floor, we will rework the project in accordance with your wishes. And if you liked it standard project, in which the second light is closed, in most cases it is permissible to arrange it. We make these changes at no additional charge.
The most popular among our customers is a house project with a second light and