« Each of us has a time machine: what takes us into the past are memories; what carries into the future - dreams»

Herbert Wells. "Time Machine"

What does a person dream about if his head is not occupied with war and mercantile ambitions? He dreams about his future, about the stars, about the well-being of those around him. This fact was reflected most colorfully in our area during the existence of the Soviet Union, when state propaganda within the framework of the Cold War and the space race convinced people that science was the engine of progress. And there was nothing wrong with that.

Having seen the successes of mankind in the exploration of outer space, as well as achievements in other fields of science, people began to dream of what previously seemed only fantasy. For example, about eternal life and youth, perpetual motion, traveling to the stars and other galaxies, understanding the language of animals, levitation and even a time machine. However, science has again intervened in the matter, which time after time clips the wings of dreamers with its formulas, which prove that some dreams are unrealistic:

The creation of a perpetual motion machine of the first kind is impossible within the framework of the law of conservation of energy. The first law of thermodynamics prohibits us from doing this, so we can only wait for the next breakthrough theory in the field of physics and mathematics.

Understanding the language of birds and animals is, for obvious reasons, still a fantasy. Scientists are only in the early stages of deciphering the sounds animals make. The greatest success has been achieved in deciphering the language of dolphins, but this is still more like a ghostly future.

We will not be able to live forever, because our cells are programmed to die. There are no adequate theories about reprogramming yet and are not expected, so human life is only possible.

You can endlessly smash the dreams of humanity against the rocks of science, but there are things that are not prohibited by science. For example, time travel. One of the craziest, at first glance, ideas turns out to be real, because it does not contradict the modern laws of physics.

Humanity's first thoughts on time travel

It is impossible to establish when a person first thought about returning to the past or going to the future. Most likely, this thought has visited many throughout the entire existence of our species. Another thing is the rejection of ordinary dreams and an attempt to describe the idea of ​​time travel within the framework of the relativity of time periods. And it was not scientists who were the first to notice this, but science fiction writers. Creative people are not constrained by scientific frameworks, so they can give free rein to their imagination. In addition, it turned out that most of the writers’ prophecies regarding our future came true.

In literature, time travel was described depending on the era in which its creators lived. For example, in novels of the 18th century, when religion still retained its weight in society and prevailed over other facts, writers associated everything unusual with divine intervention.

The first science fiction book about time travel is considered to be Samuel Madden's novel “Memoirs of the 20th Century. Letters concerning the State governed by George VI... Received by revelation in 1728. In six volumes.” In the book, which was written in 1733, the main character received letters describing events from the end of the 20th century, which were brought to him by a real angel.

The appearance of the "Time Machine"

The first mention of a certain man-made mechanism that allowed time travel appeared only at the end of the 19th century. In 1881, a story by American journalist Edward Mitchell, “The Clock That Went Backward,” appeared in one of the New York scientific journals. It talks about a young man who was able to travel back in time using an ordinary room clock.

Edward Mitchell is considered one of the founders of modern science fiction. He described in his books many inventions and ideas long before they appeared on the pages of other science fiction writers. He talked about faster-than-light travel, the invisible man, and more before anyone else.

In 1895, an event occurred that turned the world of fantastic prose upside down. In the English magazine The New Review, the editor decides to publish the story “The Story of the Time Traveler,” the first major work of fiction by H.G. Wells. The name “Time Machine” did not appear immediately, and was adopted only a year later. The writer developed the idea of ​​the story “The Argonauts of Time,” written in 1888.

“The idea of ​​the possibility of time travel arose in 1887 after a certain student named Hamilton-Gordon, in the basement of the School of Mines in South Kensington, where the meetings of the Debating Society were held, gave a report on the possibilities of non-Euclidean geometry based on the book Hinton "What is the fourth dimension"

A distinctive feature of the novel is that some moments of the protagonist's time travel were described using assumptions that later appeared in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. At the time of writing the story, it did not even exist.

Einstein phenomenon

Since ancient times, man has perceived the space around him as the value of three dimensions: length, width and height. Talking about time was the lot of philosophers; only in the 17th century the concept of time was introduced into science as a physical quantity, but scientists, including Newton, perceived time as something unchangeable and linear.

Newtonian physics assumed that clocks placed in any part of the Universe would always show the same time. Scientists were satisfied with the current state of affairs, because it is much easier to carry out calculations using such data.

Everything changed in 1915, when Albert Einstein stood up at the podium. The report on the Special Theory of Relativity (SRT) and the General Theory of Relativity (GRT) brought Newton's perception of time to its knees. In his scientific works, time existed inextricably with matter and space and was not linear. It could change its course, speed up or slow down, depending on conditions.

The supporters of the Newtonian universe gave up. Einstein's theory was extremely logical, all the basic laws of physics continued to work flawlessly in it, so the scientific community could only accept it as a given.

« Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited, while imagination embraces the whole world, stimulating progress, giving rise to evolution».

Albert Einstein

In his equations, the scientist presented the curvature of space-time caused by the gravitational component of matter. They took into account not only the geometric features of objects, but also the density, pressure and other factors that they possess. The peculiarity of Einstein's equations is that they can be read both from right to left and from left to right. Depending on this, the perception of the world around us and the interaction of space-time will change.

First representations of time travel

After the scientific community recovered from the shock, it began to actively use Einstein's work in its research. Astronomers and astrophysicists were the first to become interested, because the theory of relativity worked for the Universe around us, which will undoubtedly help answer a number of questions that were previously considered rhetorical. At the same time, it turned out that the scientific works of the German physicist allow for the possibility of the existence of a time machine, even several of its types.

Already in 1916, the first scientific works on time travel with theoretical justification appeared. The first to announce this was a physicist from Austria, whose name was Ludwig Flamm, who at that time was only 30 years old. He was inspired by Einstein's ideas and tried to solve his equations. Suddenly it dawned on Flamm that with the curvature of space and matter in the Universe around us, peculiar tunnels could arise through which we could pass not only within space, but also within time.

Einstein warmly accepted the young scientist's theory and agreed that it met all the conditions of the theory of relativity. Almost 15 years later, he was able to develop Flamm's reasoning, and he, together with his colleague Nathan Rosen, were able to connect two Schwarzschild black holes with the help of a space-time tunnel that widened at the entrance, gradually narrowing towards its middle. In theory, one can travel through such a tunnel in the space-time continuum. Physicists called such a tunnel the Einstein-Rosen bridge.

To people outside the scientific world, Einstein-Rosen bridges are known by the simpler name “wormholes,” which was coined by Princeton scientist John Wheeler in the mid-20th century. The name “wormholes” is also common. This expression quickly spread among supporters of modern theoretical physics and very accurately reflected holes in space. Traveling through a wormhole would allow a person to cover vast distances in much shorter periods of time than traveling in a straight line. With their help, one could even go to the edge of the Universe.

The idea of ​​"wormholes" has inspired science fiction writers so much that most science fiction since the mid-20th century tells us about the distant future of humanity, where people have mastered the entire space and easily travel from star to star, meeting new alien races and interacting with some of them. them into bloody wars.

However, physicists do not share the writers’ optimism. According to them, traveling through a wormhole may be the last thing a person sees. As soon as he falls beyond the event horizon, his life will stop forever.

In his book The Physics of the Impossible, the famous scientist and popularizer of science Michio Kaku quotes his colleague Richard Gott:

« I don't think the question is whether a person in a black hole can go back in time, the question is whether he can get out of there to show off».

But don't despair. In fact, physicists still left a loophole for romantics who dream of traveling through space and time. To survive in a wormhole, you just need to fly faster than the speed of light. The fact is that according to the laws of modern physics this is simply impossible. Thus, the Einstein-Rosen bridge is impassable within the framework of today's science.

Development of the theory of time travel

If traveling through a “wormhole” allows us, in theory, to get into the future, then with our past in this regard everything is much more complicated. In the mid-20th century, Austrian mathematician Kurt Gödel once again tried to solve the equations created by Einstein. As a result of his calculations, a rotating universe emerged on paper, which looked like a cylinder, in which time ran along its edges and was looped. Such a complex model is difficult for an unprepared person to even imagine, however, within the framework of this theory, it was possible to get into the past if you circled the universe along the outer contour at the speed of light or higher. According to Gödel's calculations, in this case you will arrive at the starting point long before the start itself.

Unfortunately, Kurt Gödel's model also does not fit into the framework of modern physics due to the impossibility of traveling faster than the speed of light.

Kip Thorne's Reversible Wormhole

The scientific community did not stop trying to solve the equations of the theory of relativity, and in 1988 a scandal occurred that put the whole world on its ears. One of the American scientific magazines published an article from the famous physicist and expert in the field of gravity theory, Kip Thorne. In his article, the scientist stated that he and his colleagues were able to calculate the so-called “reversible wormhole”, which will not collapse behind the spacecraft as soon as it enters it. For comparison, the scientist gave an example that such a wormhole will allow you to walk along it in any direction.

Kip Thorne's statement was very reliable and supported by mathematical calculations. The only problem was that it went against the axiom that lies at the foundation of modern physics - events of the past cannot be changed.

The so-called time paradox of physics was jokingly called “the murder of grandfather.” This bloodthirsty title describes the scheme quite accurately: you go back in time, accidentally kill a little boy (because he pisses you off). The boy turns out to be your grandfather. Accordingly, your father and you are not born, which means you will not go through the wormhole and kill your grandfather. The circle is closed.

This paradox is also called the “Butterfly Effect,” which appeared in Ray Bradbury’s book “A Sound of Thunder” long before scientists developed the theory, in 1952. The plot described the story of a hero who went on a journey into the past, into the prehistoric period, when giant lizards reigned on the earth. One of the conditions of the journey was that the heroes had no right to leave the special path, so as not to cause a time paradox. However, the main character violates this condition and leaves the path, where he steps on a butterfly. When he returns to his time, a terrifying picture appears before his eyes, where the world he knew before no longer exists.

Development of Thorne's theory

Because of time paradoxes, it would be stupid to abandon the idea of ​​Kip Thorne and his colleagues; it would be easier to solve the problem with the paradoxes themselves. Therefore, the American scientist received support from where he least expected it: from the Russian astrophysicist Igor Novikov, who figured out how to get around the problem with the “grandfather.”

According to his theory, which was called the “principle of self-consistency,” if a person finds himself in the past, then his ability to influence events that have already happened to him tends to zero. Those. The very physics of time and space will not allow you to kill your grandfather or cause the “butterfly effect.”

At the moment, the global scientific community is divided into two camps. One of them supports the opinion of Kip Thorne and Igor Novikov regarding travel through wormholes and their safety, others stubbornly deny it. Unfortunately, modern science does not allow us to either prove or disprove these statements. We are also not yet able to detect wormholes in space due to the primitiveness of our instruments and mechanisms.

Kip Thorne became the chief scientific consultant on the famous science fiction film Interstellar, which tells the story of a man's journey through a wormhole..

Creating your own space-time tunnel

The wider the imagination of a modern scientist, the greater heights he can achieve in his work. While skeptics deny any possibility of the existence of the Einstein-Rosen bridge, supporters of this theory offer a way out of the situation. If we are not able to detect a wormhole in our immediate vicinity, then we can create it ourselves! Moreover, there are already developments for this. For now, this theory is in the realm of science fiction, however, as we have already seen, most of the predictions of science fiction writers have come true.

Kip Thorne, along with his supporters, continues to work on the theory of wormholes. The scientist was able to calculate that the birth of a wormhole can be triggered using so-called “dark matter” - a mysterious building material in the Universe that cannot be detected directly, but according to physicists, 27% of our Universe consists of it. By the way, baryonic matter (the one that we are made of and can see) accounts for only 4.9% of the total mass of the universe. Dark matter has amazing properties. It does not emit electromagnetic radiation, does not interact with other forms of matter except at the gravitational level, but its potential is truly enormous.

According to Thorne, dark matter could be used to create a reversible wormhole large enough for a spacecraft to pass through. The only problem is that for this you need to accumulate so much dark matter that its mass will be commensurate with the mass of Jupiter. Humanity is not yet able to obtain even a gram of this substance, if the concept of “gram” is applicable to it at all. In addition, no one has canceled the need to travel at the speed of light, which means that despite all the achievements of mankind in the field of science, we are still at a cave level of development, and we are very far from real breakthrough discoveries.

Afterword

Ideas for inventing a real time machine, which would allow us to discover the mysteries of the past and see our future, are still unrealistic. However, this does not change the fact that the theory of relativity developed by Einstein continues to work for each of us. For example, finding a real time traveler will not be difficult even now. The faster a person moves, the slower time goes for him, which means that he is slowly but surely moving into the future. Airline pilots, fighter pilots, and especially astronauts working in orbit are real time travelers. Even if only by hundredths of a second, they were ahead of us, people living on Earth.

Time travel has been talked about since science fiction began. But it’s one thing when science fiction writers write about such cases and quite another when ordinary people talk about them. Moreover, there are quite a few such stories, and some are even confirmed by documentary evidence.

Real Time Travel Facts

A man gets hit by a car

A similar case was described by the New York police in November 1952. Traffic accident on Broadway. A man is hit and killed by a car. It seems that there is nothing strange. But the driver and passengers of the car claimed that the man appeared on the road completely suddenly. The clothes of the deceased and his documents caused even greater surprise among the arriving law enforcement officers. The ID was issued in person over eighty years ago, and the address on the business cards was for a street that had been removed half a century ago. Diligent police, with difficulty, found in the archives references to a gentleman with such an identity card, then they found the daughter of the said person, already an old woman at that time. The old woman showed a photo of her father, who disappeared seventy years ago on Broadway. And the same man who was hit by the car was looking at the police from the photo.

Student and cemetery

A certain student from Switzerland was studying in Paris. On a May day off, the girl decided to go to a park in one of the capital’s suburbs. In the park she found a quiet place where she sat on a bench with a book. Suddenly the light began to fade, and the girl looked up from reading, assuming that the clouds had covered the sun before the rain. But something unimaginable appeared before her eyes. Instead of a park, in front of her there was a cemetery with many graves. The confused student left the book and took a few steps forward. Suddenly, in the distance, she saw a group of people in unusual clothes walking towards her. The procession was led by a priest, followed by several women and men who carried the coffin. The girl got scared and rushed back. Around her there was again a sun-drenched park, and an abandoned book lay on a bench. Later, the student found out that during the plague epidemic in the 14th century, a cemetery was made on the site of this park.

The man struck by lightning

It is worth mentioning the resident of Foggy Albion. It all happened during a thunderstorm when lightning struck next to Mr. Peter Williams working in his garden. He lost consciousness, and when he woke up, he found himself in an unfamiliar place. Having found people, the victim asked to be taken to the hospital, which was done immediately. After spending a couple of days in hospital, Mr Williams decided to take a walk, but his trousers were in a terrible state. Then the man who was lying in the same room with him offered help and gave him his corduroy trousers, which were practically new. Having gone for a walk, the Englishman returned to the place where he found help two days ago, and having walked further, he found himself near his own house. Of course, upon returning home, Williams immediately went to the hospital to return the pants to their owner. He found the clinic quite quickly, but no one was waiting for him there. Both the doctor and the nurse were the same, but they did not recognize their recent patient. However, the patient himself noticed that these two had changed, as if they had aged. It was not possible to find my roommate at all. Moreover, even in the registration books there is no evidence of such a patient as Williams. The last argument was the trousers, because of which the man returned to the hospital. But even here a discovery awaited him. Such trousers have long gone out of fashion, and therefore they were removed from mass production. This prompted the persistent Englishman to visit the factory that produced the trousers. There he found old employees who, after inspecting Williams’ involuntary acquisition, reported that such clothes had stopped being produced more than 20 years ago.

Time travel is a favorite plot among science fiction writers and the subject of dreams of their fans. However, there are also those who claim that they actually arrived from the future - some fleeing from the special services, some in an attempt to warn humanity about the impending disaster. told the stories of the most odious guests from the future.

Soldier from 2036

In 2000, the minds of Americans were captured by the story of John Titor, who allegedly arrived from 2036. He registered on one of the resources and talked about his experience, demonstrating his time machine in between.

Titor admitted that he was a soldier who was sent back in time to deliver an IBM 5100 computer to scientists. Future programmers must fix bugs in it that will cause problems in 2038. However, Titor decided to temporarily stop in 2000 to communicate with his family, collect photographs lost in a future war and prevent the coming catastrophe - World War III.

Titor suggested learning basic firearms skills and keeping everything at the ready to “leave the house in ten minutes and never return.” He even gathered a team of volunteers ready to go with him to 2036. “I don’t set myself the goal of being believed,” Titor explained. - I’ll tell you a little secret: in the future no one will love you. We consider you a generation of lazy, self-centered and incredibly ignorant sheep. I think this should worry you more than me.”

Titor scheduled a global catastrophe for 2015. It was supposed to begin with a Russian nuclear strike on the United States, which collapsed during the 2005 civil war. The cause of the war was the conflict between Arabs and Jews. As a result, almost the entire world would have to lie in ruins: Russia and Europe would disappear from the face of the planet, and only a few military bases would remain from the United States.

Titor finally disappeared from the Internet in 2005, when one after another his predictions turned out to be false. In 2008, private investigators determined that neither John Titor nor his family existed. The only person to confirm Titor's existence was his lawyer, Larry Haber. Some fans still believe in the reality of Titor, and explain the unfulfilled predictions as a temporary paradox: since he spoke about them, they did not happen. The Habers were simply friends of the guest’s family from the future, with whom he was staying, and therefore, from their computer he accessed the Internet.

Nuclear attack on the Bitcoin rich

In 2003, the entertainment resource Weekly World News published a story about the arrest of an unusually successful economist. Andrew Carlssin allegedly made $350 million in two weeks on risky investments, investing just $800. Such an exceptional case could not fail to attract the attention of the police, who arrested the newly rich man. During interrogation, he did not reveal the fraudulent schemes, but admitted that he arrived from 2256. A source in the Securities and Exchange Commission told reporters about this.

During interrogation, Karlsin admitted that he got too carried away: he planned to invest in both successful and unsuccessful business projects, but “it was too difficult to resist the temptation,” so all of his 126 investments brought him instant profits. According to journalists, they could not find information about him until December 2002, as if Karlsin really did not exist before that.

For his release, he promised the government to tell the government where bin Laden was and to reveal the secret of the cure for AIDS, but he flatly refused to admit where the time machine was located and explain its structure, since he was very afraid that the unit would fall “into the wrong hands.” They refused to release him from prison until an unknown well-wisher paid his $1 million bail. Karlsin was released and was due to appear in court in April 2013, but disappeared on his way to the hearing.

The story was picked up by many world media: publications about Karlsin appeared in The New Yorker and The Scotsman. But most of all, the mysterious story of Andrew Carlsin surprised not newspaper readers, but employees of the FBI and the Securities and Exchange Commission. Journalists literally tortured them with requests to comment on the “time traveler.” The refusal of the intelligence services to comment on Karlsin’s case only emboldened conspiracy theorists, who were confident that the authorities were simply hiding the truth.

The entertainment resource also found its own prophet. In August 2013, a user under the nickname Luka_Magnotta wrote an appeal to Americans asking them to abandon Bitcoin. According to him, the use of cryptocurrency could lead to nuclear war, and he came from 2026 to warn humanity about this and force them to stop in time.

Luke said that in his time, the dollars familiar to people had already disappeared. After the value of Bitcoin reached a million dollars, humanity became disillusioned with other currencies and abandoned them: “Now all wealth exists only in two forms: bitcoins and land.” The population, according to him, is suffering from hunger, since all the money is concentrated in the Citadels - completely robotic fortified cities where the cryptocurrency rich live. But having money does not guarantee a comfortable life: at least every fourth Bitcoin owner is tortured to find out his password.

Politics is also not all right: most governments were destroyed, as people preferred to hide their income and stopped paying taxes. Russian hackers stole 60 percent of Africa's wealth in two days, after which a civil war began, which only the two richest countries could stop: Saudi Arabia and North Korea.

Luke claimed that he was planning a nuclear apocalypse to end the dominance of the Bitcoin rich. With the help of 20 nuclear submarines, he plans to cut all underwater Internet cables and launch missiles into densely populated areas. He concluded his story with a request to nip Bitcoin in the bud, because “he knows how it will all end.”

Magnotta’s prediction was remembered in November 2017, when Bitcoin reached the ten thousand dollar mark, as predicted by the “guest from the future.”

The future is unclear

The latest fad among self-proclaimed time travelers is the display of photographs from the future. Guests from another time prefer to do this on YouTube- ApexTV channel dedicated to paranormal phenomena. Just since the beginning of 2018, three time travelers have already shown their photographs: from the year 6000, 10,000 and 2118. All the photographs are similar in one thing: for some reason they are not clear.

An alien from the year 6000 explains the blurriness of the photo by saying that when traveling through time, they are distorted. He was lucky that the same thing did not happen to his insides: according to him, scientists have observed this too. He stated that he was born in the 20th century and participated in experiments in the 1990s, when researchers sent several people into the future, to different periods. He is forced to hide his name and face and change his voice to avoid being caught by the mysterious "they".

Frame: ApexTV / YouTube

According to the testimony of the “guest from the future,” this is how the world will be in a hundred years.

In 40 centuries, he said, everyone will be able to teleport and move through time. But there is no need to worry about time paradoxes: the travelers will be invisible and will not be able to interfere with the course of history (he does not explain how he was able to appear in the video). The world will be ruled by artificial intelligence, devoid of emotions, which will also reduce people in size so that they take up minimal space and consume fewer resources.

A man who visited the year 10,000 explained the blurriness of the image by “changes in the electromagnetic properties of the Earth,” due to which cameras began to work differently. According to him, while studying in America in 2008, he met a professor who invited him to fly to the future. Having doubted a little, he made up his mind. According to him, in the future, grass grows everywhere, and skyscrapers are so tall that their tops cannot be seen behind the clouds. All the cars fly in the sky, and aliens walk on the earth. People also learned to fly, and the time traveler suggested that nanotechnology helps them with this. There were soft robots and holograms everywhere. He really wanted to fly into the future again, but when he came to the professor the next day, he was not at home, and the time machine had disappeared without a trace.

Having moved from 1981 to 2118, and then to 2018, Alexander Smith, that the original photo from the future was confiscated from him by the government, and he was left with only a poor quality copy. According to him, he is wanted, so he lives in hiding and hides his real name. As for the future, the robots told him that “smart aliens will come to Earth in the middle of the 21st century.” Smith called global warming the most terrible danger to humans and asked residents of 2018 to think about the environment “at least for the sake of their children and grandchildren.”

The same channel has already published several interviews with a guest from 2030 under the pseudonym Noah. He even took a lie detector test, and he passed the test with honor: when asked directly whether he was a guest from the future, he answered “yes,” and the polygraph showed that it was true.

Noah looks about 20 years old, but claims that he is twice as old and has retained the appearance of a young man thanks to a “secret medicine.” According to him, scientists learned to travel in time 15 years ago, but they hide it from the public. And only in 2028 will the government allow anyone to travel to the past or future. Then humanity will go to Mars.

Frame: ApexTV / YouTube

According to him, by 2030, humanity will learn to treat many forms of cancer, robots will run the house, and almost everyone will have some kind of Google glasses with the same power as today's computers. Bitcoins will finally come into circulation, but traditional money will not disappear either. Due to global warming, the climate will become hotter in the United States and colder in Europe. He also said that the US President would be re-elected for a second term, but refused to provide evidence so as “not to cause a time paradox.”

Over the course of its history, humanity has accumulated a lot of facts indicating the existence of such an inexplicable phenomenon as time travel. The appearance of strange people, machines and mechanisms is recorded in the historical chronicles of the era of the Egyptian pharaohs and the time of the dark Middle Ages, the bloody period of the French Revolution, the First and Second World Wars.

Programmer in the 19th century.

The archives of Tobolsk preserve the case of a certain Sergei Dmitrievich Krapivin, who was detained by a policeman on August 28, 1897 on one of the streets of this Siberian city. The guard's suspicion was aroused by the strange behavior and appearance of a middle-aged man. After the detainee was taken to the station and began to be interrogated, the police were quite surprised by the information that Krapivin sincerely shared with them. According to the detainee, he was born on April 14, 1965 in the city of Angarsk. His occupation, a PC operator, seemed no less strange to the police. Krapivin could not explain how he got to Tobolsk. According to him, shortly before this he began to have a severe headache, then the man lost consciousness, and when he woke up, he saw that he was in a completely unfamiliar place not far from the church.

A doctor was called to the police station to examine the detainee, who recognized Mr. Krapivin as suffering from quiet insanity and insisted on placing him in the city insane asylum...

Remnant of Imperial Japan.

A resident of Sevastopol, retired naval sailor Ivan Pavlovich Zalygin has been studying the problem of time travel for the last fifteen years. The captain of the second rank became interested in this phenomenon after a very curious and mysterious incident that happened to him in the late 80s of the last century in the Pacific Ocean, while serving as deputy commander of a diesel submarine. During one of the training trips in the La Perouse Strait area, the boat was caught in a severe thunderstorm. The submarine commander decided to take a surface position. As soon as the ship surfaced, the sailor on watch reported that he saw an unidentified aircraft straight ahead. You will soon find out that the Soviet submarine stumbled upon a rescue boat located in international waters, in which the submariners found a half-dead frostbitten man in ... the uniform of a Japanese naval sailor from the Second World War. When examining the personal belongings of the rescued man, an award parabellum was found, as well as documents issued on September 14, 1940.

After the report to the base command, the boat was ordered to go to the port of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, where counterintelligence was already waiting for the Japanese naval sailor. GRU officers signed a non-disclosure agreement to not disclose this fact for the next ten years.

Napoleon's troops against tanks.

In Zalygin’s file there is a case described by a certain Vasily Troshev, who fought as part of the Third Tank Army of the North-Western Front. During the battles to liberate Estonia in 1944, near the Gulf of Finland, a tank reconnaissance division commanded by Captain Troshev came across a strange group of cavalrymen in a wooded area, dressed in uniforms that tankers had seen only in history books. The sight of tanks sent them into a stampede. As a result of a short pursuit through a swampy area, our soldiers managed to detain one of the cavalrymen. The fact that he spoke French greatly endeared the Soviet tank crew to the prisoner, who knew about the Resistance movement and mistook the horseman for a soldier of the allied army.

The French cavalryman was taken to army headquarters, they found an officer who taught French in his pre-war youth, and with his help they tried to interrogate the soldier. The very first minutes of the conversation perplexed both the translator and the headquarters officers. The cavalryman claimed that he was a cuirassier in the army of Emperor Napoleon. Currently, the remnants of his regiment, after a two-week retreat from Moscow, are trying to escape the encirclement. However, two days ago they got caught in heavy fog and got lost. The cuirassier himself said that he was extremely hungry and had a cold. When asked by the translator about the year of birth, he said: one thousand seven hundred and seventy-two...

The very next morning, the mysterious prisoner was taken away in an unknown direction by arriving officers from the special department...
Is there a chance to return?

According to I.P. Zalygin, there are a number of places on the planet in which temporary movements occur quite often. It is in these places that large faults in the earth's crust are located. Powerful energy emissions periodically come from these faults, the nature of which is far from fully understood. It is during periods of energy emissions that abnormal spatiotemporal movements occur, both from the past to the future and vice versa.

Temporary movements are almost always irreversible, but it happens that people who moved against their will to another time have the good fortune to return again. Thus, Zalygin describes an incident that occurred in the early nineties of the 20th century on one of the foothill plateaus of the Carpathians with one of the shepherds. A man with his fifteen-year-old son was in a summer parking lot when one evening, in front of the teenager’s eyes, he suddenly disappeared. The shepherd's son began to call for help, but literally a minute later his father reappeared as if out of thin air in the same place. The man was extremely frightened and could not close his eyes all night. Only the next morning the shepherd told his son about what had happened to him. As it turned out, at some point the man saw a bright flash in front of him, lost consciousness for a moment, and when he woke up, he realized that he was in a place completely unfamiliar to him. Around it stood huge houses that looked like chimneys, and some cars were scurrying in the air. Suddenly the shepherd felt ill again, and he again found himself at the familiar parking lot...

For the second century, scientists have been struggling to solve the problem of temporary movements, and, quite possibly, the day will come when the plots of science fiction films and books will become an everyday reality for humanity.

This photo was taken in 1941 at the opening of the South Fork Bridge in British Columbia, Canada. The shot captured a man who clearly stood out from the crowd with his extraordinary appearance. Short hair, dark glasses, a knitted sweater with a wide neckline over a T-shirt with some kind of symbol, and a massive camera in his hands. Agree, the appearance is quite familiar for our days, but not for the early 40s! And he completely stands out among others. This photo was investigated. We found a participant in these events. But he could not remember this man at all.

Looking at old photographs, one married couple noticed a young man captured in 1917 in clothes unusual for that time.
Basically, they were confused by the fact that every respected person of that time wore a hat; going out without a hat was considered the same as appearing in public without pants. And the T-shirt he’s wearing doesn’t fit into the fashion of that time, it looks too modern.

In June 1936, during excavation work in the vicinity of Baghdad, builders discovered an ancient burial place from the era of the Parthian Kingdom (250s BC - 220s AD). Among the objects found in the tomb, a clay vessel about 14 centimeters high attracted particular attention. Its neck turned out to be filled with bitumen, through which a metal rod with traces of corrosion passed. The second end of the rod was in a copper cylinder hidden inside the vessel. The unusual find was shown to the Austrian archaeologist Wilhelm Koenig, who worked in the archaeological museum of the Iraqi capital. The puzzled scientist suggested that it was nothing more than an ancient battery.

Later his assumption was confirmed by Professor J.B. Perchinski from the University of North Carolina. The professor even managed to create an exact working copy of the “Parthian battery.” He filled it with five percent wine vinegar and obtained a voltage of 0.5 volts. German Egyptologist Arne Eggebrecht went even further. Using 10 of these batteries and a gold salt solution, he covered a figurine of Osiris with a layer of precious metal in a few hours. Thus, the scientist proved that the Parthians knew the secret of galvanization.

In June 1934, in the rocks near the Texas town of London, archaeologists found an ordinary-looking hammer - 15 centimeters in length, three in diameter. It would seem, what's wrong with that? But this find literally grew into the limestone. The wooden handle of the hammer was petrified on the outside, and completely turned into coal on the inside. It turns out that this object is older than the rock formed around it. This means that its age is about 140 million years! Upon closer examination, it turned out that the hammer itself was made of high-quality metal, which even modern metallurgists could not obtain.

In 1974, Romanian workers were digging a trench near the town of Ayud and came across three objects at a depth of 10 meters. Two of them turned out to be the bones of a prehistoric elephant, which are about 2.5 million years old.
But the most interesting was the third object: an aluminum wedge. This find puzzled researchers, since aluminum was discovered only in 1808, and the age of the wedge, given that it was in the same layer with the remains of an extinct animal, cannot be less than 11 thousand years.
Ufologists immediately declared this artifact to be direct evidence of visits to Earth by “little green men.” Whether this is true or not, hardly anyone can say with complete certainty.

This item, discovered in a Ming Dynasty tomb, has puzzled researchers. The tomb was opened in 2008 in the Guangxi region (PRC) during the filming of a documentary film. To the surprise of archaeologists and journalists. in the burial there were... Swiss watches!
“When we were removing the soil, a piece of rock suddenly jumped off the surface of the coffin and hit the floor with a metallic sound,” said Jiang Yanyu, a former curator at the Guangxi Museum who participated in the excavation. - We picked up the item. It turned out to be a ring. But, having cleared it of the earth, we were shocked - a miniature dial was discovered on its surface.”

Inside the ring was an engraved inscription “Swiss” (Switzerland). The Ming Dynasty ruled China until 1644. It is out of the question that such a miniature mechanism could have been created in the 17th century. But Chinese experts claim that the tomb has never been opened in the last 400 years.

In 1900, off the coast of the Greek island of Antikythera, located between the Peloponnese peninsula and the island of Crete, sponge catchers discovered the remains of a Roman trading ship. Presumably, the ship sank in the 80s BC. on the way from the island of Rhodes to R. From a depth of about 60 meters, many gold jewelry, marble and bronze figurines, amphorae, ceramics and other antique objects were recovered. And along with them - parts of a strange mechanism.

For the first time, archaeologist Valerios Stais took a closer look at this find. While sorting precious exhibits in 1902, he noticed that some bronze objects closely resembled watch gears. The largest is 10-12 centimeters in diameter, two are five to seven centimeters each, and many more smaller ones. The scientist suggested that all of these were parts of some kind of astronomical instrument. But Stais’s colleagues laughed at him. The objects were dated to 150-100 BC, while gears were invented only 14 centuries later.

They returned to Stais's theory only in the late 50s.

British historian from Yale University Derek de Solla Price, having studied in detail the gears from Antikythera, proved that they are all truly fragments of one mechanism. The parts were most likely housed in a wooden box measuring 31.5 x 19 x 10 centimeters, which crumbled over time. Price even sketched out a rough diagram of this device. In 1971, a more detailed diagram was drawn up, and British watchmaker John Gleave managed to assemble a working copy of the mysterious machine. The device consisted of 32 parts and simulated the movement of the Sun and Moon, displaying the results on two dials.

Discovery by London Science Museum specialist Michael Wright

But the story didn't end there. In 2002, Michael Wright, a specialist at the London Science Museum, made another discovery. It turns out that the ancient mechanism is also capable of simulating the movement of the five then known planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. And after another three years, using modern X-ray techniques, scientists were able to examine about two thousand Greek symbols on the gears. The missing parts of the mechanism were also recreated. Now the device could perform addition, subtraction and division operations, maintain an astronomical calendar of 365 days, making a leap day correction every four years, and count according to the calendar systems of several ancient peoples. The Antikythera mechanism was rightly dubbed the antique computer.

On the remote Kamchatka peninsula, 200 km from the village of Tigil, strange fossils have been discovered by the University of Archeology of St. Petersburg. The authenticity of the find was certified.
According to archaeologist Yuri Golubev, the discovery surprised scientists by its nature, it is capable of changing the course of history (or prehistory). This is not the first time that ancient artifacts have been found in this region. But, at first glance, this find is inlaid in the rock (which is understandable, since there are numerous volcanoes on the peninsula). Analysis revealed that the mechanism is made of metal parts that appear to combine to form a mechanism that could be something like a watch or computer. The most amazing thing is that all the pieces were dated at 400 million!

In May 2008, archaeologists from the University of Bristol, conducting excavations on the territory of the Chateau-Gaillard castle (France), made a sensational discovery. At a depth of two and a half meters, a complex of iron objects was discovered that made up the warrior’s protective armor. Nearby, archaeologists discovered a second burial, a well-preserved skeleton of a horse. Also found in the excavation were denier tournois coins, a French type of denarius minted by Philip II Augustus (1180-1223), as well as coins from the Duchy of Aquitaine with the name of Richard, suggesting that the armor found belongs to during the reign of Richard I the Lionheart (1189-1199). What struck scientists as unusual about this find was the very location of the iron armor fragments. From above they resembled the outline of a bicycle.

The “Reports of the Academy of Sciences” for 1995 tells how geologists in Syktyvkar investigated strange finds during the exploration of gold-bearing rocks. They made pits and pulled out buckets of sand on a rope. Tungsten springs were discovered in taiga corners untouched by civilization at depths of 6-12 meters. And this corresponds to the Upper Pleistocene, or one hundred thousand years BC!.. “Technogenic contamination of the samples is excluded, since metal tungsten and its alloys were not part of any of the mechanisms, equipment and devices used during drilling, and the search area itself is located in many kilometers away from any industrial enterprises. At the same time, it is known that metal tungsten, alloyed with rare earths... is used in plasma engines of space rockets.”
So, the artifacts are clearly of artificial origin; they could not have been brought to the Urals over the past 40 years along with the debris of current spacecraft; quite a lot of springs were discovered in three different places.

Conclusion,

which in this case suggests itself: the artifacts did not arrive from anywhere. Someone or something scattered them on the earth about 100 thousand years ago. Considering that the Urals region is rich in mineral resources, we can assume: in these places many millennia ago there was either some kind of metallurgical complex associated with rocket technology, or a cosmodrome (or maybe something similar)…

To get to both the past and the future. Although many have the audacity to disagree with the beacon and offer their own theories. However, they are all dubious because they have not been tested; there is no documentary evidence of their success, and the scientists themselves are not sure. Everyone knows that this is possible, they just haven’t decided how.

And in general, the idea of ​​​​traveling in time is a very strange thing. How many temporary collapses await us, plus the emergence of alternative universes in which we will be confused, like mental patients in straitjackets. And is it worth traveling to the past if 6,000 Earth years will pass upon returning to Earth, whereas the journey took no more than a day? Deal with the present before you spoil the past. After all, if it weren’t for Hitler and World War II, most of our grandparents would hardly have married each other. There were all sorts of situations, romances at the front and evacuation. And there wasn't much choice. Well, God bless him, this is not about that. We are talking about what is not written in the Bible.

1. Punch the future with your forehead

Here is the most primitive of all theories: you need to run so fast until you reach and punch the future with your forehead. And the strangest thing is: in fact, this statement is absolutely true. The faster you walk, the further you will fly.

Many experiments have been devoted to this. For example, in 1971 an experiment was conducted. Without getting too technical, let's say briefly: the research group flew around the Earth until time travel occurred. No, for real. They loaded the plane with atomic clocks and flew east until they were back where they started. When the researchers landed, the clock on Earth was 60 nanoseconds ahead of the airplane clock. In other words, the clock on the plane has been effectively moved 60 nanoseconds into the future. The researchers then flew in a different direction. This time, the aviation clock was 270 nanoseconds ahead of the earth's clock.

This is explained by the fact that the clocks on Earth were not stationary, because they were on the rotating surface of the planet. The clocks on the plane flying west moved slower, so everything on Earth slowed down in comparison. It turns out that the famous scene where Superman flies around the Earth and turns back time is just a figment of the scriptwriter's sick brain.

By the way, consider this type of time travel in our pocket. Your phone is connected to GPS satellites, which have to be adjusted for slowdown (after all, satellites have their own time course). If you don't do this, the navigation system will take you to a crack den in the next area instead of the nearest KFC.

Let's assume that a car has already been invented that actually allows you to travel in this way. We reach speed and make a leap not by 60 nanoseconds, but by 60 years. A few minutes or a few hours around the planet, and then boom! - bright future!

But will you be able to live in this future, where everyone has forgotten you, and if they remember you, it’s only as an asshole who endlessly spins around the Earth?

2. Dense, holey objects of comic proportions

If you've seen Interstellar, then the essence of the theory should be clear. The closer you are to a large, dense object, the slower time passes. For you.

Massive time travel has already been observed. Scientists fired a huge laser 10,000 kilometers upward. Sometimes science has no other choice but to shoot mischief from a mega-gun into space. But the experiment confirmed that time actually moves at different speeds depending on the distance to gravity.

And what did this shot do? Nothing, once again confirmed the theory that time flows much slower near a supermassive object. Closer to Earth, the passage of time is not as fast as in the layers of the stratosphere. So, if someone suddenly decides to use the mass of Jupiter for travel, then good luck. It is enough to compress the mass of the planet to the size of a tin can, and then travel will become 2 times faster. And there is no need to fly to, which is not only supermassive, but is also a real galactic time machine: time around it flows very slowly.

The strangest part of this theory is that a similar journey is already happening to you right now. In fact, it happens everywhere, not just in the magical horizons of some mysterious black hole on the other side of the galaxy. The Earth's core moves through time slower than people standing at a bus stop in Makhachkala. When you stand, your butt ages slower than your face (although it would be better the other way around). We don't need a machine to travel through time. We just need something huge nearby, like Milonov’s ego or the carcass of Stas Baretsky. Although, even if such a machine, using a monstrous mass, is created, a crowd of protesters will instantly appear, fearing a cosmic collapse and that the Earth’s axis will shift, and Snoop Dogg will become president.

3. Wormholes and Krasnikov pipes

You cannot travel in space and time faster than the speed of light, but with Krasnikov tubes this problem is instantly solved. You just cut a tunnel through space and time and wander back and forth, like one of those green pipes in Super Mario. Here, too, there is an entrance, an exit, and most importantly, the journey goes very quickly, regardless of the distance, so you are unlikely to have time to get bored.

Such “wormholes” are not a physical object, but a distortion of space and time. Schematically, it looks like this: two layers of space bend in a certain place until they touch each other, like panties stuck in the ass.

The main advantages of pipes are that they can be created artificially, and the biggest advantage is that the traveler returns there exactly at the time from which he began the journey. But remember: by cutting a window to new stars 3,000 light years away, you risk getting into an intergalactic war.

In 1993, University of Wellington professor Matt Visser noted that two wormhole entrances with induced time differences could not be combined without generating a quantum field and gravitational effects that would cause the wormholes to collapse, or be repelled from each other. Simply put, the mass will increase, which will only destroy the unfortunate pipes. In addition, this method of transportation, in fact, does not violate the so-called universal speed limit - the maximum speed of light - because the ship itself does not move faster than light. A wormhole shortens the path not only in space, but also in time.

4. Mexican bubbles

Traveling faster than light is as realistic as milking a female unicorn and feeding that milk to a malevolent leprechaun. So stop thinking about it - it's stupid and unrealistic.

That's what everyone thought, until in the 90s, Mexican scientist Miguel Alcubierre thought about a bubble that compresses the space directly in front of it and expands it behind it. All that is needed for this is tons of negative energy (we are not talking about envy, murder, apathy, or the speeches of Vladimir Solovyov). The idea was purely theoretical and even fantastic. Given the existence of negative energy, moving a bubble with a diameter of 200 meters would require energy equivalent to the mass of Jupiter. You can't get by with the Solovyovs here - you'll have to involve Kurginyan.

However, in the last few years, modifications of his idea have been proposed, in which the “bubble” was replaced by a torus, and negative energy turned out to be completely unnecessary. In this case, calculations show the need for energy contained in just hundreds of kilograms of mass. There was even an experiment that proved that space is perfectly curved even without negative energy. But there is one problem: the bubble is sensitive, like a virgin in his first experience with a woman, and too many extraneous facts can lead him astray.

5. A cylinder in some galaxy

What is a Tipler cylinder? Somewhere in space, roughly to the left of Betelgeuse, there is a rotating cylinder. You take a ship and go there happily. When you get close enough to the surface of the cylinder (the space around it will be mostly deformed), you will need to go around it several times and return to Earth. It is reminiscent of a Buryat shamanic ritual, but with space things are not always simple. But you will arrive in the past. How far depends on how many times you orbit the cylinder. Even if your own time seems to move forward as usual, while you are going around the cylinder, outside the distorted space you will inevitably move into the past. It's like running up a downward escalator.

All that remains is to find this cylinder. Apparently, this is something very big and long, like... the films of Nikita Mikhalkov. But so far no one has seen them. Neither in a telescope, nor in all other instruments. They asked the astronauts - they didn’t see it either. The cylinder is a hypothetical thing, verified from Einstein’s equations, and therefore no one knows how this journey will turn out.

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