The water supply system in a private house includes, in addition to submersible pump, a system for maintaining the required pressure in the water supply system, and therefore constant pressure. It contains a hydraulic pneumatic accumulator and a pressure switch (hydrophore). The main purpose of the hydrophore is to control the switching on and off of the pump in automatic mode.
This process occurs due to the contact group, which closes or opens upon reaching the pressure set in the settings (minimum or maximum readings). Store-sold relays pressures have factory settings for the upper value, which is responsible for turning off the injection pump, and the lower value, which is responsible for turning it on. Factory settings do not exceed 3 bar to turn off and 1.8 bar to turn on the pump.
Hydrophore device (pressure switch)
The pressure switch is an electromechanical device. The plastic case contains a metal plate on which two studs with springs and nuts are mounted to regulate the maximum and minimum values, and a contact group.
WITH bottom side there are two relays cable channels with crimp couplings and a connecting flange to the water supply system. The terminal group has three rows of clamps. The first one is for connecting power. The second one is for connecting the pump. And the third is grounding.
How the hydrophore works
The water coming from the submersible pump presses on the membrane. As the volume of air in the chamber decreases, its pressure increases and due to this the piston moves, setting the group of contacts in motion.
The contact group is hinged. Depending on the impact, it is either closed or open.
To balance the difference in loads, the group of contacts is equipped with a spring and an adjusting nut.
When you open a tap, the volume of water decreases and, accordingly, the pressure. The spring, overcoming the decreasing load, closes the group of contacts, thereby connecting the pump to operating condition.
By pumping water, the pressure gradually increases. The air presses on the rod of the second spring. The contact group opens and the pump turns off.
Pressure switch adjustment
When equipping a house with running water buy more often ready set pumping station. This kit includes:
- hydropneumatic accumulator;
- pressure switch;
- pressure gauge
And all this is assembled on one platform and has compact dimensions.
To increase service life pumping station or if there is some malfunction of the relay, it is necessary to adjust the parameters for specific volumes of water consumption in the house. To do this, you need to have an understanding of the structure and operating principle of individual units.
Design and principle of operation of a hydropneumatic accumulator
A hydropneumatic accumulator is a container designed to accumulate water. The sealed tank consists of two welded halves and has different volumes. A rubber membrane (bulb) is secured inside the tank using a flange. Due to this, the hydraulic accumulator is divided into two parts.
To create the required load, air is pumped from the back of the tank through a valve. The valve design is similar to a car nipple, so air can be pumped using a pump designed for inflating wheels.
Water flows into the bulb from the pump. Due to the resistance of air in the water supply system, a constant water pressure is maintained. Air pressure must be optimal. A reduced value provokes excessive stretching of the membrane and, as a result, a reduced service life. this leads to a malfunction - a breakthrough of the rubber sheet. And an increased value leads to a decrease in the volume of accumulated water and, as a result, frequent operation of the pump, which negatively affects its service life.
Adjusting the pressure switch of the pumping station
At enterprises that assemble pumping stations, close attention is paid to adjusting the hydrophore. Exhibition optimal modes a guarantee of long-term, trouble-free operation of all station components. But you can set your own values and manually configure the group of contacts to trigger.
Before starting the adjustment, you need to check the pressure in the hydraulic pneumatic accumulator. To do this, use a car pressure gauge to monitor tire pressure. By unscrewing the valve cap, the air pressure in the tank is measured.
- lower response threshold (to turn on the pump) – 1.5-1.7 bar;
- upper threshold (to turn off the pump) – 2.5-2.8 bar.
Pressure readings that are more familiar to Russian consumers are indicated in kgf/cm2. And most pressure gauges domestic production has this scale. From here:
- lower threshold – 1.53-1.73 kgf/cm2;
- upper threshold – 2.55-2.85 kgf/cm2.
Another option for taking readings is also proposed. If the reading on the pressure gauge increases and the pump turns off, it indicates insufficient air pressure. Its indicator must exceed 90% of the lower value. That is, with a value of 1.5 kgf/cm2, the air pressure should not exceed 1.35 kgf/cm2.
After the pressure in the accumulator is adjusted, we proceed to adjusting the relay itself. The instructions included in the kit say that fine adjustment can be made by rotating the nuts responsible for compressing the springs.
Adjustment process
Do-it-yourself adjustment of the pump station pressure switch is done with with the lid removed. In order to remove it, you need to unscrew the decorative plastic nut. After which two springs with washers and nuts appear before your eyes.
A larger spring and nut are responsible for controlling the lower minimum pressure (LPM) in the water supply. When it decreases, the contacts close and automatic power supply is activated. Voltage is applied to the pump and it turns on.
To increase the pressure values, you need to tighten the nut, i.e. rotate clockwise. To reduce the response threshold of the nut should be rotated counterclockwise.
A smaller spring and nut control the upper maximum pressure water in the water supply system, which triggers the shutdown of the injection pump. They also adjust the pressure difference. The optimal value is considered to be a difference of 1.4 atmospheres. A lower value will allow you to achieve a uniform water supply, but at the same time the number of pump starts will increase.
An increased value, more gentle, applies to the pump, but increases the jet pressure, and therefore increases the load on the rubber membrane. Increasing the compression of the small spring increases the difference between the upper and lower pressure values.
It is worth paying attention to the small diameter spring. It is quite sensitive and means that the adjusting nut should be rotated by hand carefully at a slight angle.
How to adjust the pump station pressure switch during initial setup
Opening the lid of the hydrophore you can see the following picture. The adjustment springs are loose and the nuts are not tightened. In this case, you will have to do the setup from scratch, with your own hands. The sequence of work performed looks like this:
upper threshold – 2.8 kgf/cm2.
A pressure gauge with the appropriate parameters is installed at the pumping station to regulate and control pressure. Installed with a maximum value of 50 kgf/cm2, it is very difficult to catch a reading of 1.5.
Installation possible individual parameters, different from those recommended by the manufacturer. The setting is made from the minimum value. But the characteristics of the pump should be taken into account. If it is not designed to lift water above 30 m, then setting the upper value above 3.5 kgf/cm2 makes no sense. It will not provide the necessary pressure.
Increased pressure requires water supply and plumbing designed for increased parameter values. Models designed for normal pressure cannot withstand the load.
Terms and symbols
The lower threshold responsible for switching on is P on;
The upper threshold responsible for shutdown is P howl;
Value difference – ΔР;
The maximum possible setting of the parameter when adjusting P max = 5 kgf/cm2.
- This is the central element in the water pump. The efficiency of the entire system depends on its correct functioning. This important element performs several tasks at once. First of all, it regulates the water supply. Feed parameters are set before use and changed as necessary during operation. Proper adjustment of the water pressure switch for the pump ensures safe and high-quality operation of the entire water supply system. ABOUT correct setting and the nuances of selection and installation are what we will discuss in this review.
Read in the article:
Selecting the correct connection diagram for the water pressure switch for the pump
First, it’s worth understanding what the plumbing system consists of:
- its first part is the water intake point. She may be water pipe, or well;
- pressure switch;
- water purification system. Usually it consists of several containers;
- water tap for which comfortable water pressure is provided.
First of all, it’s worth understanding what kind of pressure the residents of the house need. It is also important to find out the water pressure at the water intake point. This point is important because at a pressure below 1.4 atm, water is not drawn due to the relay being turned off. Such problems can also arise if you use a city water supply, because the water pressure in it is not always more than 1.0 atm. When drawing water from a well, these difficulties will not arise, and the water supply pressure will depend only on technical characteristics pump
It can be seen that each relay has its own setting option; it is usually described in detail in the instructions for a specific device model. All types of relays have general purpose and mechanism of action.
Manufacturer selection
Available on the market a large number of different models devices. They differ in price, appearance and have slightly different characteristics.
| Image | Manufacturer and model | Characteristics | Cost, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Pressure range 1.0 – 4.5 atm. Voltage 220 – 230 V, 50 Hz Maximum rated power HP 2 | 900 | |
 | Pressure switch PM 1 15, Grundfos | Operating temperature from 0° to 40° The pump starts at a pressure of 1.5 bar and runs as long as there is flow. Dry running protection | 5 655 |
 | Pressure switch PM/5(p)1/4, UNIPUMP | Mains voltage - 230 V, 50 Hz. The maximum switching current is 12A. Working pressure - 5 bar Power - 1500 W. | 467 |
 | Pressure switch PA 5 1-5 bar, WATTS | Pressures from 1 to 5 bar. Pressure drop 0.5 – 2.5 bar. Current strength 16 A. Maximum temperature Coolant 90° Indoors 55° | 997 |
Installation and connection
Connecting any mechanism begins with preparatory stage. First you need to choose the location for installing the relay. According to knowledgeable people, the device should be installed directly next to the pump outlet. In this place, turbulence and pressure differences are remarkably leveled out. Before choosing a location, you must mandatory familiarize yourself with the operating conditions of the selected device, because some of them can only be used in heated rooms.
The next step preparation will be the selection of the necessary pressure thresholds:
- Minimum – determines at what pressure the pump starts operating.
- Maximum – controls the moment the pumps stop working.
- The difference between these two values is called the pressure range. This indicator is directly proportional to the frequency of pump activation.
Important! It should be noted that the minimum pressure value should be 0.2 atm higher than the pressure of the pump accumulator chamber.
The third point of preparation is the registration of parameters. On household appliance this process will not cause difficulties, since it is adjusted using a pair of springs, which in turn are regulated by threaded regulators. The relay has two springs:
- a large spring serves to control the upper pressure limit;
- small – determines the pressure difference.
During preparation, several more devices are installed: a shut-off valve, valves (return and breakdown), and a sewer drain. Installation should be carried out by professionals or people who at least have an idea of the operating principle and rules for installing such devices. Installation (and then adjustment of the water pressure switch for the pump) must be carried out exactly as written in the instructions:
- First, a tee is installed at the selected location on the pipe, to which a drain valve or fitting connected to the water pressure switch is attached.
- During installation, a threaded connection is used, which should be properly sealed using FUM tape.
- There are devices that cannot be installed in the usual way. They are equipped only with a rigidly fixed nut. During installation, rotate the relay directly.
- Electricity is connected using a cable. Its cross-section must match the requirements of the device, depending on the power.
- The kit sometimes includes a grounding terminal. If available, a grounding cable must be installed.
Should we consider electronic analogues?
Mechanical devices, of course, are more popular, but electronic models have some undeniable advantages:
- Constantly adjusting the pressure switch for the pump by tightening the springs is a thing of the past. The electronic version does not require long setup after installation.
- It will be very easy to install. Any person without special education or special skills can cope with this task.
- The service life is practically no different from conventional mechanics.
Prices for electronic water pressure switches for a pump can range from two to four thousand rubles. It depends on the manufacturer, the materials used in production and the store selling it. If you spend some time searching for the right device, you can buy a quality unit at a fair price. In case of purchase for long service– saving on it is not the best option.
“It would be much better to spend money on a slightly higher-quality model than to constantly change cheap devices that break.”
How to configure the pressure switch of a pumping station
Owners of private houses understand that if the relay malfunctions, the entire system may malfunction. The stability of the entire system, and therefore the comfort of all residents of the house, depends on the correct adjustment of the water pressure switch of a household water supply station.
Setting up the relay should begin with checking the indicators established at the factory. Typically, the minimum pressure level is 1.5 atm, and the maximum is 2.5 atm. The check is carried out using a pressure gauge. At this point, it is necessary to turn off the pump and ensure that the tank is empty. To measure pressure, a pressure gauge is attached to an empty tank and readings are taken from it.
“This check can be avoided by purchasing a ready-made unit. But if you purchase all the components separately, you will have to carry out the first adjustment of the water pressure switch for the pumping station.”
Procedure for adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump
Like any other, this device allows you to supply water to your home water supply with the same pressure. This device is activated after the pressure indicator specified by the setting is reached. At the factory, of course, they set the basic indicators, but most often they are not enough to ensure comfortable pressure, so after the purchase you will have to set your own parameters. Specialists, of course, will do everything efficiently and well, but sometimes it is better to understand an important issue on your own.
Adjusting the pressure switch RDM-5: brief instructions
To correctly adjust the water pressure switch for the pump, you should follow a simple algorithm:
- Fill the tank with water until the required maximum value appears on the pressure gauge.
- Disable for a while.
- Open the housing and gain access to the adjustment springs. You will have to carefully rotate the small nut. At some point the mechanism will work. As you rotate counterclockwise, the pressure level decreases. When rotated clockwise, it increases.
- The lower limit is set by opening the tap and slowly draining the water from the tank.
- When the pressure gauge readings are correct, the process is stopped.
- A large nut is used to adjust the lower parameters. When you rotate it, you will also have to wait for the contacts to respond.
This action should be performed once a month, but this is ideal. It is advisable to conduct it at least once per quarter. A small difference between the pressure limits obliges the pumping station to operate with a high frequency of turning on and off the pumps. This mode of operation allows you to ensure an uninterrupted supply of water to the tap and at the same time its pressure always remains at approximately the same level, but this will affect the durability of the operation. The large range creates some differences in water pressure, but the pumping station is subject to less stress due to constant switching on and off and, accordingly, will not require repair or replacement for a long time.
Important! It is worth noting that the difference between the minimum and maximum pressure must be more than one atmosphere.
Adjusting the pump station pressure switch is a key setup step autonomous system water supply for a country house.
This operation is not particularly difficult, but to perform it correctly you need to know a few rules, which we will talk about later.
Let's also consider the most common errors that can occur during adjustment.
- 1 Design
- 2 Preparing the storage tank
- 3 Setting the pressure switch of the pumping station
- 4 Setting up from scratch
- 5 Common mistakes
- 5.1 Small spring over-tightened
- 5.2 Poff pressure is more than 80% of the maximum permissible for this relay model
- 5.3 The Pon pressure is set so high (a large spring is overtightened) that the pump cannot overcome it and “get” to the operating range
- 6 Features of relays from some manufacturers
- 7 Videos on the topic
Design
The pump station pressure switch is an electronic-mechanical device that starts and turns off the pump when certain values pressure in the water supply network.
Relays produced by various manufacturers are structurally very similar; the differences, as a rule, lie in minor details. The pump is supplied or turned off by closing and opening the contact group - the main element of the relay.
In addition to it, the device includes a piston with a membrane and two springs, which in most cases have different sizes.
After connecting the relay to a special adapter of the pumping station, water pressure begins to act on the membrane, and that on the piston, which is connected to the contact group.
On the opposite side, a large spring acts on the contact group, the compression force of which can be adjusted using the appropriate nut.
If, due to water intake, the pressure in the water supply system drops, the spring overcomes the impact from the piston and the contact group closes, supplying power to the pump.
As the pressure in the pipeline increases, the piston will gradually shift the platform with contacts, overcoming the resistance of the spring. But the contacts do not open immediately, but only after moving a certain distance, which depends on the degree of compression of the second - small - spring. Like the big one, it is mounted on a rod with a nut. After opening the contacts, the pump is switched off.
Design of a typical pressure switch for a pumping station
Thus, by adjusting the compression force of the larger spring, the user sets the pump activation pressure or, as it is also called, the lower pressure - Pon. To set the shutdown pressure (upper) - Poff - a small spring is used, the compression force of which actually determines the difference between Poff and Pon.
At the pre-sale preparation stage, the manufacturer configures the relay. Pon is usually set in the range of 1.5 - 1.8 atm (or bar, which is the same thing), Poff - in the range from 2.5 to 3 atm. If the settings are not suitable for the user or they are incorrect, they resort to adjusting the relay.
However, before doing this, it is necessary to prepare a storage tank.
To organize an independent water supply in the presence of a well, it is necessary to connect a pumping station. Pumping station for a well - types and features, operating principle of the device.
What's happened drainage pump and what are the advantages of float options, read here.
A caisson is a device that promotes uninterrupted water supply. Here http://aquacomm.ru/vodosnabzenie/zagorodnyie-doma-v/avtonomnoe-vodosnabzhenie/istochniki/kesson.html you will learn what types of caissons there are and how to install them on a well with your own hands.
Preparing the storage tank
A storage tank or hydraulic accumulator is a sealed container with a rubber bulb located inside.
The latter is connected to the water supply, as a result of which it can be filled with water. Air is pumped into the space between the bulb and the walls of the tank using a conventional automobile pump.
This air spring compresses the bulb with water and maintains the pressure in the water supply network at an acceptable level for some time without turning on the pump.
The air pressure in the accumulator must be selected correctly, otherwise the system will not operate optimally.
If it is too low or high, the pump will turn on very often, which will negatively affect its service life.
In addition, with low air pressure, the accumulator bulb stretches excessively, as a result of which it also quickly fails.
Before pumping air, as well as before checking its pressure, water from the pipelines must be drained by opening the lowest tap. At the same time, the storage tank bulb will also become empty.
Now you can pump in air and check its pressure. It should be 10% less than Pon. If the system has not yet been configured and you have not yet decided on the switching pressure, the pressure is developed to the following values:
- 1.4 – 1.7 atm with a hydraulic accumulator volume of 20 – 25 l;
- 1.7 – 1.9 atm with a volume of 50 – 100 l.
The air pressure in the storage tank should be checked approximately once a month.
Do not leave the accumulator bulb without water for a long time. Its walls may stick together or dry out.
Setting the pressure switch of the pumping station
If the air pressure in the storage tank is correct and all filters in the system are clear of blockages, you can begin adjusting the water pressure switch for the pumping station. To do this, you must adhere to the following sequence of actions:
- After disconnecting the pump from the network, you need to drain the water from the water supply through the lowest tap and remove the cover from the relay (for this you will need a regular screwdriver or a suitable wrench).
- Now you should turn on the pump, thus starting to fill the system with water.
- When the pump turns off, record the pressure gauge reading. This will be the current Poff value.
- Now you need to slightly open the tap located at the highest point of the water supply or as far as possible from the pump (with a single-level system). As soon as the network pressure drops to a certain level, the pump will turn on again. At this point, it is necessary to record the pressure gauge readings again, thus determining the current Pon value and the pressure difference to which the relay is set. At the same time, try to determine whether you are satisfied with the pressure with which the water flowed at that moment. Let us remind you that the test tap should be located above or further than all the others, that is, at the point where the water pressure is the least.
- If the pressure at the moment of starting the pump seems insufficient, the pressure Pon must be increased. To do this, turn off the power to the installation again, after which the largest spring in the relay is tightened with the appropriate nut. If you think that the pressure can be reduced, loosen the spring.
- Now you should set up the pressure difference Poff and Pon, which you have already calculated. Its optimal value is 1.4 atm. If you get a lower result, the water supply will be more uniform, but the pump will start more often, which will lead to a reduction in its service life. If the difference between Poff and Pon turns out to be more than 1.4 atm, then the installation will operate in a more gentle mode, but the difference between the maximum and minimum pressures will be much more noticeable. To adjust this parameter, you need to rotate the nut of the second – small – spring. By increasing the force of its compression, we increase the pressure difference and, accordingly, Poff. Weakening the spring will have the opposite effect.
- After adjustment, you need to check how correctly it was performed. The water supply is drained again, the pump is connected to the network and started. Then all actions are repeated in the same order.
Please note: the sensitivity of the second spring, responsible for adjusting the pressure difference, is greater than that of the first. Therefore, its compression force should be adjusted carefully by turning the nut at a small angle.
Setting up from scratch
Sometimes you have to deal with a relay whose springs are completely weakened. In this case, do this:
- By turning on the pump, the pressure in the network is pumped up to the level at which water flows from the most distant or highly located tap with acceptable pressure. Suppose the pressure gauge showed 1.5 atm. After this, the pump must be turned off.
- After disconnecting the station from the power supply and removing the cover from the relay, tighten the large spring until the relay clicks, closing the contacts.
- Having closed the relay, turn on the pump and increase the pressure to 2.9 atm (1.5 + 1.4).
- Turning off the pump again and opening the relay, tighten the small spring until the contacts open.
- Now the relay is set to Pon = 1.5 atm and Poff = 2.9 atm. It is necessary to close it with a lid and turn on the station to the electrical network.
Setting up the pressure switch
Common Mistakes
Relay adjustment does not always go smoothly. Here are the situations that happen most often:
Small spring over-tightened
As a result, the shut-off pressure exceeded the maximum pump pressure.
In this case, the pump simply will not turn off.
What to do:
- Apply power to the pump and start it;
- as soon as the pressure on the pressure gauge stops increasing, the station must be turned off;
- open any of the taps and drain a small amount of water;
- making sure that the equipment is completely disconnected from the network, remove the cover from the relay and loosen the small spring until the contacts open with a characteristic click;
Now you can put the cover back in place and turn on the pump.
Poff pressure is more than 80% of the maximum permissible for this relay model
The relay of most pumping stations is designed for a pressure of 5 - 5.5 atm. This parameter is given in the product passport or on the packaging.
Therefore, the Poff pressure for such a device should not exceed 4 - 4.4 atm.
If this is for comfortable water supply is not enough, you will have to install a relay with a higher maximum pressure.
The Pon pressure is set so high (a large spring is overtightened) that the pump cannot overcome it and “get” to the operating range
In this case, the station will again not turn off.
What needs to be done: before starting the adjustment, study the pump passport and find the maximum value of the pressure it develops. It is usually indicated in meters of water column (mwst). To convert it to atmospheres, the given value should be divided by 10.34. Under all conditions, the values of Pon and Poff must be less than the maximum pressure that the pump is capable of.
Features of relays from some manufacturers
Some relay models may have additional elements, which often confuse inexperienced pumping station owners.
The most typical are:
- Lever of the dry running protection mechanism: most often found in expensive imported models that come with a complete set.
- An additional spring that prevents spontaneous turning of the nuts on the adjusting springs: such a device can be seen in the RDM-5 relays installed at pumping stations of the Russian company Gilex Jumbo.
The presence of these elements should not confuse you; perform the settings in accordance with the instructions provided.
It is also worth mentioning the features characteristic of the Marina and Pedrollo stations (Italy). For the former, the maximum pressure for the relay is only 3.2 atm and the springs in it have to be tightened every six months. For the latter, there is a manufacturer’s recommendation regarding the air pressure in the accumulator: it should be 0.2 atm less than the Pon pressure, which with standard settings is 1.4 atm.
The pressure switch is a small but indispensable component of a large and small pumping station. And if all its other elements just need to be connected correctly, then it will also have to be further configured. It is this device that is responsible for automating the pumping process. It turns the equipment on and off based on pressure readings in the hydraulic tank.
Proper adjustment of the pressure switch for the pump is the key to comfort and long service life of the equipment. We describe in detail how it is performed, what actions need to be performed and what data you need to know to fine-tune it in the article. You will find out why and in what situations it is produced.
Except step-by-step description adjustment procedures, we provide valuable recommendations provided by hydraulic engineers. To optimize perception, the text is supplemented with photo selections, diagrams, and video tutorials.
Numerous varieties, which come with almost all pumping stations, are designed approximately the same.
Inside the plastic case there is a metal base on which the remaining elements are fixed:
- membrane;
- piston;
- metal platform;
- electrical contact assembly.
From above to below plastic cover There are two springs - large and small. When the membrane experiences pressure, it pushes the piston.
This in turn raises a platform which acts on a large spring, compressing it. A large spring resists this pressure, limiting the movement of the piston.
The small distance that separates the large and small adjusting springs is enough to regulate the operation of a whole complex of devices. The platform, under pressure from the membrane, gradually rises until its edge reaches the small spring. The pressure on the platform increases at this moment, as a result its position changes.
Image gallery
We will send the material to you by e-mail
Corresponding engineering system will perform its functions flawlessly if the water for the pump is adjusted correctly. This procedure can be performed independently, without seeking help from specialists. It will increase the accuracy of equipment operation and prevent premature failure of its individual components.
The relay indicated by the arrow is installed in individual water supply systems
Automatic memorization of the algorithm certain actions useful only in standard situations. In practice, various malfunctions arise, so in-depth knowledge is required. They will also be useful in order to buy a new pressure switch for the pump without annoying mistakes and unnecessary expenses.
Why is it necessary to fine-tune the pressure switch of the pumping station?
- If the pressure is low, the water from the taps flows too slowly. Some dishwasher models do not turn on or do not work properly.
- Excessively high pressure puts excessive stress on all elements of the water supply system. The likelihood of emergency situations increases.
- Inaccurate adjustment of the water pressure switch for the pump causes it to operate very often. This prematurely wears out the mechanical components of the device.
It functions as follows:
- Sand wells, wells and other typical sources do not themselves create pressure in the water supply system. To solve this problem, at the first stage, a pump (10) is used.
- When turned on, it supplies liquid to a special tank (15). It has a flexible partition installed. This capacity is a storage device and a damper at the same time.
- After reaching the maximum pressure (3.3 atm.), the relay contact groups (1) open, and the pump electric motor turns off.
- From this point on, the pressure in the system is maintained only by the tank.
- During operation and other consumers, the pressure drops. When it decreases to 2.2 atm. The relay contacts close the 220V electrical circuit and turn on the pump.
These cycles are repeated automatically, without user intervention.
Note! The pressure levels given are working, but approximate. To accurately adjust the water pressure switch for the pump, you must use the appropriate data for a specific station.
Parameters of products from different manufacturers
The following table shows data on specialized control relays for water stations.
Table 1. Data from specialized control relays for water stations.
| Image | Model | Pressure range, atm. | Cost, rub. | Peculiarities |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Genebre 3780 (Spain) | Up to 4 | 350-400 | Manufacturer's warranty 1 year. |
 | Italtecnica PM/5 | 1-5 | 470-490 | |
 | UNIPUMP PM/5 | 1-4,5 | 460 | Analogue of Italtecnica, joint production between Italy and Russia. |
 | Italtecnica PM53W | 1-5 | 950 | Built-in pressure gauge, 5 fittings, reinforced threaded connections metal inserts. |
 | Italtecnica PMR/5 | 1-5 | 795 – 820 | Button for manual start on the body, water temperature – up to +110°C. |
 | Danfoss KPI 35 (Poland) | 0,2-8 | 3 100 – 3 500 | Industrial grade relay with IP44 protection. |
 | Tival FF4 (Germany) | 0,2-8 | 5 100 – 5 300 | Silumin transparent housing for easy visual inspection. |
The operating principles of the above products are the same. The mechanism in the figure provides relatively low information content. It is more accurate and easier to set the pressure using a specialized device, a pressure gauge.
The price of electronic water pressure switches for the pump is higher. These devices should be considered separately as they differ significantly from the models presented in this article. Their equipment includes: micro-turbines for measuring fluid flow speed, special pressure sensors and data transmission units for external devices indication.
Method for adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump
This algorithm is used in an “ideal” situation when the water supply system is working properly.
The following steps will help you configure the new regulator:
- Disconnect the pump from the 220 V network and drain the water completely.
- Power is supplied to the engine and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the increase in pressure and record the level of automatic shutdown. Open the valve slightly so that the pressure drops slowly. Record the readings of the device at which the relay contacts close.
A small spring does not set a certain pressure to turn off, but the difference between the values of turning the pump on and off
Diagnostics, troubleshooting after setup and upgrades
If the above scheme does not work, loosen both nuts with a preliminary increase in pressure, for example, to 3.3 atm. Slowly lower the liquid to the required level (2, 3 atm.), close the valve. The nut on a large spring is tightened until the relay turns off. Afterwards, repeat the steps from the previous section.
Standard regulators (type Italtecnica PM/5) can be improved:
- The third spring, created in the shape of a pin, is bent so that it is fixed in plastic limiters has become more reliable.
- The neutral conductor is connected to the electric motor directly. The phase wire is divided into two groups, which reduces wear during contact burning.
General conclusions
Using these instructions self-adjustment a water pressure switch for a pumping station will not cause any difficulties. When choosing a new replacement product, you should pay attention to the following parameters:
- compliance of threaded connections;
Article