Juniper care in autumn preparation for winter. Proper organization of juniper spring feeding, choice of fertilizers How often to water juniper after planting

Juniper belongs to the genus of cypress evergreens. They are quite unpretentious to the soil and do not require careful care. But in order for the juniper to grow healthy and please the eye, it is still necessary to perform a number of procedures.

plant care

To provide favorable conditions for the growth and development of juniper, it is necessary to follow special rules for caring for it. Required:

Watering. Juniper does not require a lot of water. Even in hot weather, one watering per month is enough. It is recommended to give the plant a “shower” once a week by spraying water on it. It is best to do this in the early morning or late evening to prevent damage to wet needles by active sunlight;
Pruning. In addition to the systematic removal of dried branches, the plant does not need pruning. If desired, you can give an individual shape to the bush, but this should be done carefully, without stopping many branches at a time, as the plant can get sick;
Care in winter and spring. In order to prevent freezing (if the juniper grows in cold areas), the juniper is covered with a cloth, and young seedlings are sprinkled with sawdust or straw. If the plant was not covered for the winter period, then this must be done with the beginning of spring, when the intensity of solar activity intensifies. This will help prevent the danger of getting burned due to exposure to sunlight, from which it is difficult to recover. After the snow melts, the plant is freed from the covering material, then it is carefully examined, protective mulch is removed around the trunk - this will help protect the root trunk and roots from decay.

Note! Another important component of juniper care is top dressing. This is a necessary procedure, especially for transplanted, young plants, as they are still weak and susceptible to all kinds of diseases.

Feeding is also necessary if the soil at the planting site is poor. This process must be carried out throughout the season. The beginning of top dressing should begin after a month after disembarkation, adding nutrients in small quantities.

Soil Requirements

Before planting a juniper, it is necessary to carefully study the composition of the soil on the site. This is due to the fact that each type of plant has an individual need for soil. For example, Cossack, Central Asian and common juniper require soil with an alkaline composition for favorable life. For other species, an acidic environment is more suitable. To create it, add peat, sand or mulch using sawdust or wood shavings. To create an alkaline environment, dolomite flour or slaked lime is used.

It is also important to create natural air exchange (aeration) for the root system. For this, drainage is necessarily introduced: broken brick, river pebbles, large-sized expanded clay.

There is a recipe for preparing a universal soil composition suitable for all types. It is necessary to mix peat, river sand and soil from coniferous forests in proportions of 1:1:1. Be sure to mulch with wood shavings or peat, sprinkling them near the base of the trunk.

Important! After planting any of the juniper species, it is watered with a large volume of water. Then, in order to protect, mulching is done around the trunk of the plant. The material is pine nut shell, peat, sawdust, pine bark, crushed cones. The thickness of the pillow varies from 5 to 10 cm.

Fertilizers and top dressings

While the juniper bush is still young, it requires annual fertilization. It is allowed to start fertilizing the plant only in the second year after planting. If this is an adult representative of cypress, then it is necessary to feed it 1 time in 2-3 years. In the form of a fertilizer material, superphosphate, rotted manure, ammonium nitrate and other mineral fertilizers can act.

The best time to apply nutrients is from late April to early June (the bud swell period). Fertilizers should be applied to the ground around the plant, retreating from the trunk 15 cm, to a depth of 10 cm. After fertilizing, water the plant with water.

In the summer, it is necessary to feed the juniper with special compounds and substances that are useful for coniferous representatives. They must include the following elements:

copper;
manganese;
iron;
potassium;
phosphorus;
zinc.

Such elements enrich the juniper with essential substances that favorably affect the color saturation of the needles, strengthen the plant's immunity and increase resistance to weather conditions.

When choosing a fertilizer for feeding shrubs in the autumn, preference should be given to mixtures in which nitrogen is present in minimal quantities. This is due to the fact that the specified component reduces the ability of juniper to tolerate low temperatures. This is due to the active growth of shoots that do not have time to become woody by the onset of cold weather, as a result of which they freeze out. Also at this time of year, the plant needs magnesium to prevent yellowing of the top.

Organic, liquid fertilizers based on biohumus dissolved in water are favorably perceived by juniper. Such top dressing can stimulate root growth, and also activates photosynthesis.

Conclusion

Proper care of the juniper will help not only extend the life of the plant, but also preserve its natural beauty, which will delight the owner for many years. An integral part of caring for this shrub is the application of fertilizers to the soil, which strengthen the immunity of the plant and its root system, and ensure its healthy appearance.

Now it has become popular to grow evergreen trees in your backyard. They not only decorate the yard both in summer and winter, but also create a certain comfort in the backyard territory. The main point during the care of juniper is its preparation for wintering. If some recommendations are followed, the shrub will successfully overwinter and in the spring it will cast with saturated greenery, and not with a yellow-brown tint.

Features of juniper care in autumn and in preparation for winter - general tips and tricks

Juniper does not have a capricious disposition. But if certain rules are not followed, then a beautiful plant can wither, it will cease to have a decorative appearance, it will turn into a wild tree.

Watering- the shrub practically does not require watering. If it turned out to be a hot end of summer, smoothly turning into a velvet autumn, then irrigation with water should be carried out no more than 1 time in 2 weeks. In case of rainy and cool summers, additional watering is not required.
spraying- the only moment favored by juniper. The event is best done before the first hours of the morning or after sunset. This is necessary so that the bright rays do not burn the delicate twigs.
fertilizers- Top dressing is applied mainly in the spring. But if the bush lags behind in growth or does not add young shoots at all, it is necessary to apply mineral fertilizers in the form of nitroammophoska in the fall. But not more than once every 4 weeks.
pruning- if the juniper was planted specifically for decorative purposes and its crown is constantly formed, then in the autumn period it is necessary to carry out formative pruning. In addition, regardless of whether they form a figure from a shrub or a juniper grows in a natural crown, the removal of excess branches is necessary. All dry, broken or damaged branches are cut off.
Shelter for the winter- in most cases, additional shelter is not required, juniper perfectly tolerates even a strong decrease in temperature. The only moment that the bush does not break off the branches, they are bent to the trunk and tied with twine.

Attention! Juniper practically does not require special care. The main thing is to monitor the general condition of the shrub. If the plant withers and looks unhealthy, you need to look for the cause in improper care, including in preparation for winter.

Juniper pruning in autumn

The first pruning can be done only 2-3 years after planting in open ground. This period will allow the young plant to get stronger, to increase mass. After this time, it will be possible to begin to form the crown according to the intended image.

Video: pruning Cossack juniper in autumn or spring

When to prune juniper - in autumn or spring

Juniper can be pruned both in the spring months and before the start of the first winter temperature drops. In autumn, it is recommended to remove excess juniper shoots no earlier than September-October. But do not delay until the first frost.

Important! The minimum temperature for pruning juniper in autumn is +4 C.

Lower degrees of air adversely affect the healing of fresh cuts - they do not drag out and are a chic option for overwintering pests and diseases.

Timing of juniper pruning in autumn and spring

Spring pruning is carried out in early to mid-April, and autumn pruning of juniper - in September, until the end of October.

How to prune juniper in autumn

The event is only required clean, sharpened and disinfected tools.

A bush adds no more than 10 cm per year. Therefore, it is required to cut off no more than 15-20% of the mass that has grown over the past period.

Need to do pruning only with protective gloves. Juniper poisonous, on the cut it releases juice, which can burn the skin of the hands.

Pruning should be carried out according to the rules - less is better than more. If the pruning has led to the rash removal of growth buds, then the shrub can stop its growth completely.

You need to cut in such a way that the slope is 45 degrees to the kidney.
If you cut lower than required, then the wound on the tree will overgrow for a long time. This will provoke an incorrect growth of the kidney - it can either give a small increase, or completely die off (dry).
If the shoot looks up, then it is cut so that the final bud is that looks away from the center of the plant (outer bud). In the case of a lowered branch, pruning is done, on the contrary, on the inner kidney.
When removing branches, a small stump should be left - no more than 2 cm. It will block the upper bud from dying tissues, giving it the opportunity to start growing.

Feeding and fertilizing juniper after autumn pruning

Important! After pruning the juniper in the fall, it is necessary to control its condition. It is recommended to apply special mineral fertilizers. Stimulants-adaptogens are best for raising immunity. They activate the growth of the root system and strengthen the tree as a whole.

High-quality pruning will form not only a beautiful decorative decoration of the garden, but also a healthy plant with high immunity and without pests.

Video: how to cut juniper topiary in autumn or spring

How to save juniper in winter: features and methods of conservation

Juniper is quite frost-resistant, it can not be covered for the winter. But if the bush is specially formed, then under the layer of snow, the formed figures can disintegrate - the branches spread out, break off under the mass of the white blanket.

Note! Young animals under the age of 3 years are also subject to shelter. It is not recommended to over-wrap it. It is better to pile a snowdrift from spruce branches on top.

Some plant species may be more sensitive to temperature changes during spring periods. Warm weather and a sharp decrease in air degrees negatively affect the color shade of the plant.

The color of juniper twigs, when exposed to cold air, becomes a brown hue with a yellow tint. This indicates the death of the branch, which accordingly affects the loss of the decorative form given over a long period.

For these purposes, they cover the bush in the last days of autumn. To shelter juniper for the winter, the following methods are used:

Snow- the best way to hide. When the snowfall begins, the structure connected with ropes must be covered with a snowdrift. The latter should be crumbly, in no case should the branches and trunk be injured.
pine needles- if the plant is miniature, it can be completely covered with piled spruce branches. If the tree is large, then the spruce branches are tied to the branches.
Burlap or non-woven fabric (agrofibre)- the entire crown is wrapped with material so that the bottom of the tree remains open. You can’t wrap it with a film - all branches will be banned, the bush can get sick.
Screen in use- it is installed on the side where there is most sunlight. Reflecting from it, the rays will warm the crown.

Young cuttings are closed in exactly this way or, if possible, brought into greenhouse conditions. In regions where sub-zero temperatures drop to -300 C or more, the juniper must be insulated with the densest material in two layers, first the pots, and then the upper part of the crown.

Video: preparation and shelter of juniper in the winter

What are the features of preparing juniper for winter in different regions

In the Volga region, junipers often suffer from sunburn. They are not as afraid of frost in this region as the bright sun in the first days of spring. For this purpose, the plant is subject to shelter in late autumn.

For wrapping, any material that can be found at hand is taken: old burlap, cotton fabric, tulle, insect net. The selected material is attached to the branches of the tree, wrapping it in a circle. It is not worth squeezing tightly, you need the plant to breathe. A rope should be wound on top so that the shelter does not fly off.

By the way! Large trees are somewhat more difficult to cover. But this must be done at least from the side where there is the most sunlight. Otherwise, you can lose a separate section of the crown.

In the Moscow region, as well as in Siberia and the Urals juniper winters well. Before strong sub-zero temperatures, you need to pull off all the branches with a rope. If this is not done, you can lose some of the branches due to the heavy gravity under the snowdrifts.

In these regions, a large amount of snow falls, and as you know, white perineum is the best covering material. If the shrub is small, then it can be buried under a large snowdrift, throwing a specially large volume onto the plant.

In the spring, natural covering material will melt on its own, and the roots will absorb all the moisture after a long winter.

Thus, in winter it is worth covering the juniper if the seedlings are still very small. In addition, it is recommended to use shelter in regions with a small amount of snowfall and piercing winds.

Typical mistakes in caring for juniper in the fall and in preparation for winter

Important! It takes a lot of effort to grow a juniper, but even more patience and control over the state of the plant is needed so as not to make mistakes in caring for the fall and in preparation for winter.

Gardeners constantly supplement the list of errors. If you try to prevent these incidents, the plant will grow healthy and strong:

Incorrect, excessively abundant watering juniper- frequent irrigation of the plant leads to waterlogging of the soil. This process affects the health of the root system, it begins to rot, which negatively affects the entire tree.
Application of nitrogen fertilizer in late autumn- top dressing should be done no later than the end of September. This is necessary so that all the nutrients are absorbed by the root system, but do not have time to be distributed throughout the tree until it retires. Otherwise, fertilizing with nitrogen provokes the activation of the growth of young growth, which leads to freezing of part of the crown of the bush.
Incorrect cropping leads to a halt in the growth and development of the tree.
Juniper shelter for the winter with polyethylene- if a decision is made to cover, then it is better with burlap or a thick layer of paper. Oilcloth contributes to the formation of condensate inside the space, which provokes increased humidity and the acquisition of a fungal disease.
In no case do not feed juniper with chicken droppings or mullein. Such a fertilizer will adversely affect the plant, predetermining its death.
Slices can not be covered with garden pitch, the sections should tighten on their own.

To get a beautiful juniper tree, you should follow simple rules for caring for it in the fall and in preparation for winter. Otherwise, a wild bush may turn out from the plant.

Having bought a juniper in the fall, many doubt whether it is possible to plant it for the winter? Until November, you can safely plant it in open ground, provided that your seedling has a good root system. The rooting process will end in early spring. In general, it is better to plant in the spring, especially if it is a small specimen, so that it can get stronger before the onset of winter. Planting juniper in the fall is no different from planting in the spring. How to properly plant a juniper, we have already told in the article "Juniper, its planting and care." A seedling planted in autumn can winter well, and die in spring. This means that you either injured the root system, or violated the earthen ball and the roots dried up in the spring. When planting conifers in your garden, consider what they will be like in 5-10 years. Conifers grow slowly, especially the first three years, but still, do not plant them very close to each other.

Autumn top dressing of junipers

Winter is a period of rest. In the fall, junipers can be fed with special fertilizers for conifers. But first, the obligatory spill with water, then add the granules, loosen and spill again. You can simply feed with potassium, as it helps the plant to hibernate properly.

needle burn

Needle burns occur because the roots of plants do not yet “work” in cold soil and the plant does not receive the right amount of moisture, and spring sunlight, and simply spring air, makes the moisture that was stored in plants thanks to snow or covering material.

When the plant is freed from snow or covering material, it very quickly loses moisture and dries up. And, if you do not follow, then the plant may die, so do not remove the shading devices and it would be good to spray the plant with water. You can remove or remove protective materials approximately when the buds begin to hatch in coniferous plants growing in free nature (be guided by them). Junipers respond very well to sanitization. In the spring, after internal pruning and cleaning of the needles, they begin to restore their needles and form branches from awakened buds.

Shelter junipers for the winter

Junipers in winter, as a rule, do not freeze even at low temperatures and even in Siberia, and even more so in the Moscow region. They need to be prepared for the winter ahead of time. Very often they ask such questions as how to plant a juniper, when is it better to plant, whether it is necessary to cover for the winter and how to cover it correctly.

As a guide to action, accept the fact that all small seedlings must be closed in the first three years. But don't wrap too tightly. It will be enough to cover it with spruce branches. Too wrapped juniper will winter badly.

So that in early spring your conifers do not burn in the sun, as a result of which the needles turn yellow, cover them with gauze in two layers in late autumn. Spunbond accumulates heat too much, especially in late January and early February, when the ground is still frozen, and the sun is already quite strong and long. Spunbond takes a lot of heat, but gives little. As a result, the plant suffers from overheating. Gauze is devoid of this shortcoming. But the top does not need to be covered so that the juniper can breathe in its shelter. You can close the sun with special shade screens. If, nevertheless, the needles turned yellow, but the buds remained alive, then the young needles will gradually cover the burnt place. But if the buds are dead, then the branches must be cut to healthy wood and cover the cuts with garden pitch. A good result is obtained by spraying needles in spring with microfertilizers. Species such as Cossack juniper and Chinese juniper do not burn in the sun and are frost-resistant.

It is in the first three years of their life that frost-resistant qualities are formed in conifers. With age, the frost resistance index only increases.
In winter, the juniper crown can fall apart under the weight of snow, and individual branches can even break. Therefore, do not forget to tie vertical forms (such as rocky juniper) with twine for the winter so that the branches do not break off with winter snow. This is not necessary for horizontal views. As a rule, careful preparation for winter gives good results.

Use junipers of different varieties and shapes in landscape design. They are incredibly decorative, and not only in summer, but also look no less attractive under a snow cap. Planting and growing them is not at all difficult.

Planting and caring for juniper in the open field is subject even to novice gardeners. This unpretentious coniferous plant can become a real decoration of the landscape. It forms a beautiful, elongated crown and is well suited for creating hedges and unusually shaped bushes. In this material, we will figure out how to grow juniper in your summer cottage and take care of it at different times of the year.

When to plant juniper in open ground

After buying seedlings of the variety you like, you should decide when to plant juniper in open ground:

Varieties with an open root system can only be planted in spring, after the snow has completely melted. The most successful period for this is April and early May. It is at this time that seedlings are best adapted to weather conditions and take root in a new place.
Junipers with a closed root system can be planted in open ground in spring or autumn, but no later than November, so that the plant does not die and has time to adapt.

In addition to beauty and durability, juniper also has healing properties. Its essential oils rid the air of germs and impurities, fill the garden with a pleasant coniferous aroma.

Juniper planting is usually done in the spring, when the climate is warm and humid enough for the seedlings to adapt properly. In summer, it is not recommended to plant it because of the bright sun and heat, in autumn - because of the proximity of cold weather.

What you need when boarding

Planting juniper in the open field does not cause great difficulties for gardeners, but it also needs to be done wisely. In order for the plant to actively grow and form a beautiful crown, it is required to plant it in suitable soil and organize proper watering.

An important step is the selection of a suitable variety and type of seedling. All garden junipers are divided into tree-like and squat. The first species grows upward and forms a cone shape, like other conifers. The second species tends to the ground and scatters branches in breadth. It is customary to use it to decorate flower beds, garden paths and lawns.

Juniper seedlings are best purchased in a pot, as drying the roots can lead to the death of the plant. It is removed from the pot just before the planting process.

An important point is the choice of the place and location of future plantings. Juniper seedlings are usually placed at a distance of 0.5 - 2 meters from each other.

The density of plantings depends on the landscape solution and the variety of shrubs.

From the juniper on the site, you can make a coniferous hedge - for this, the plants need to be planted in a row at a short distance from each other. At the same time, it is worth choosing such varieties of shrubs so that they have a similar shape, diameter and growth line.

Soil preparation

Junipers prefer loamy or sandy soil, which contains a sufficient amount of moisture and mineral elements. In our country, few summer cottages have a suitable soil composition for conifers, therefore, for seedlings, gardeners recommend mixing the soil in the planting pit.

A good composition of land for planting juniper in proportions:

2 parts of garden soil
2 parts of coniferous soil (humus of coniferous plants with needles and roots)
2 parts peat soil
1 part sand

Before planting, you need to provide drainage for the seedlings by pouring a little sand or crushed brick into the pit. Stagnant water is detrimental to coniferous plants, so it must be given a special place when planting. You should also take care to protect the roots from fungus and pests. To do this, special antimicrobial and antifungal compounds are added to the soil.

Juniper must be planted in the ground very carefully so as not to damage the root system of a young seedling. At the same time, care should be taken that during the process the roots do not have time to dry out in the sun.

The dimensions of the pit for planting juniper depend on the dimensions of the root system of an adult plant. For example, for large types of shrubs, you will need to dig a hole of at least 0.5x1 m

Fertilizer

In order for juniper seedlings to take root, even when planting, it is worth using fertilizers that will help enrich the soil with useful substances and preserve the roots of the plant. It is also advisable to add 150 g of Kemira-universal and 300 g of nitrophoska to the mixture, as well as epin after planting under each seedling.

Ready-made fertilizers for junipers can be purchased at garden stores.

Their compositions are specially selected for growing coniferous plantations in their summer cottage. They have the necessary supply of trace elements and minerals.

To grow a shrub with a dense and beautiful crown, even when planting, it is recommended to fertilize the soil with minerals. Be sure to add antifungal compounds and pest repellents to the soil.

Watering

After planting seedlings, they must be watered abundantly. At the same time, the soil may settle a little, since in the process of watering it will fill the voids between the roots of the shrub.

Abundant watering after planting will also help the seedlings absorb moisture and adapt to new conditions faster.

Abundant watering after planting seedlings contributes to better soil shrinkage and allows you to correct the plant if it is planted crookedly. Watering is carried out using a hose or a conventional watering can

juniper care

Proper and timely care of juniper is the key to its beauty and good growth. It consists of several simple activities that can become part of a country routine. We will figure out how to care for young and adult plants at different times of the year.

Caring for coniferous plants includes watering, pruning, feeding and sheltering them in the winter. Only with comprehensive care will the juniper grow properly and retain its beauty for many years.

How to save a plant in winter

Before the onset of winter, the juniper should be prepared for snow and frost in order to maintain a good appearance of the plant and protect it from damage. Under the weight of snow, the formed juniper crown can twist or break. Therefore, in the fall, the plant must be tied in such a way that the branches fit snugly together.

Juniper tying is needed in order to maintain the shape of the plant during the cold season, when its branches can fall apart under a mass of snow. Thus, you need to tie all coniferous shrubs for the winter

Some types of junipers are subject to temperature changes and exposure to sunlight. From the direct sun, their branches turn yellow and the plant takes on an untidy appearance. Such varieties are best planted in the shade or covered for winter and spring.

Young plants should be covered for the winter. This can be done using an ordinary spruce branch, tying it together with juniper branches. The following materials are also suitable for sheltering a plant:

sackcloth;
kraft paper or ordinary newspapers;
nonwoven materials (spunbond, lutrasil, agrospan and others).

Covering material should be breathable and well ventilated in winter. If the shelter does not allow air to pass through, the crown and roots may rot or become a wintering ground for garden pests.

Plant cover material can be purchased at garden stores. Such "cases" for conifers are selected according to the size of the plant and are very simply fixed on the bush

pruning

Most varieties of juniper form a beautiful natural crown on their own, while only ugly or damaged branches are pruned. Constant pruning of shoots is required only if you want to create an even hedge from juniper or give it an unusual shape.

To create various topiary and hedges from plantings of juniper, local, rather than exotic varieties of this plant are best suited. They will most easily endure acclimatization and regular pruning of protruding branches.

Many varieties of juniper tolerate pruning well, regardless of the time of year. In the process, care must be taken not to damage the young shoots and not to leave bare branches after pruning.

Pruning should be done twice a year to give the plant a neat appearance and rid it of a mass of dried twigs. With proper care, some types of juniper can not be cut for a long time.

To give an unusual shape to the bushes, you can purchase a special frame for the topiary, which is put on the seedling and forms a crown during the growth of the juniper. However, this method is suitable for growing only some varieties of shrubs.

Fertilizer

Timely and proper feeding of conifers has a positive effect on the growth of new shoots and helps maintain a healthy crown color. Juniper should be fertilized in the first few years after planting, and then reduce the number of top dressings to one or two per year. Usually top dressing is done in the spring, after the descent of snow.

The plant can be fed with mineral fertilizers, superphosphate, nitroammophos. For proper nutrition of juniper, it is better to purchase a special fertilizer for coniferous plants. It contains and balances all the useful elements and minerals for a young plant. When choosing a fertilizer, it is worth making sure that it does not contain a lot of nitrogen - this substance provokes the rapid growth of the plant, but can lead to premature drying of young branches and rotting of the roots.

Juniper is good for foliar top dressing with micronutrient fertilizers. In dry seasons, as well as in autumn before the arrival of frost, an adult plant should be watered abundantly, but rarely. This will allow him to accumulate moisture and easier to survive bad weather conditions.

Watering

Adult junipers do not require abundant watering and are more likely to suffer from an excess of moisture than from its lack. On average, the shrub is abundantly watered 1-2 times a month. This amount of moisture is quite enough for the normal growth and development of juniper, accustomed to a hot subtropical climate.

You need to spray the plant in the morning or in the evening so that direct sunlight does not damage wet branches, reflected in water drops. Thanks to regular spraying, juniper will not need moisture and frequent watering.

To maintain a comfortable environment for the juniper, you can install an irrigation system with a sprinkler near it. Turn it on once a week for a short time

Possible diseases and treatments

Junipers are prone to fungal diseases that damage the crown and can lead to the death of the plant.

Most often, the plant becomes ill with improper care in spring and winter, if the soil is waterlogged or the plant suffers from exposure to bright sun.

Also, the cause of the appearance of diseases can be a dense planting and improper arrangement of shrubs.

The most common fungal diseases of juniper:

Fusarium - a fungus develops in the trunk of a juniper and affects first the internal parts, and then the entire needles. At the first signs of the disease, it is treated with Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Gamair.
"Rust" - the appearance of local plaque spots of a bright red color on the trunk or branches of a shrub. Treated with antifungal drugs.
Schutte - in spring, the needles turn yellow and are covered first with gray, and then with black-brown bloom. It is treated by spraying the plant with a 1% Bordeaux mixture.

As a prevention of fungal infection, before planting, treat the root system of plants with one of the following fungicidal preparations: Vitaros, Baktofit, Fitosporin-M or Maxim

When diseases appear, damaged plant branches should be removed and the cut sites should be disinfected with copper sulphate. The soil under the plants is shed with a solution of Alirin-B or Gamair, and the plant itself can be sprayed with a solution of Fundazol.

Juniper rust is one of the most noticeable and dangerous diseases for a coniferous plant. Often, infection occurs from nearby fruit trees and shrubs. To cure a plant of rust, use spraying with a solution of "Arceride"

Pests: control methods

Coniferous plants suffer greatly from insect pests, after their "invasion" the juniper loses its beauty and recovers for a long time. The main plant pests are:

Sawfly
Juniper scale insect
Needle tick

To completely cure a plant from pests, you must first determine the type of insect. For each of them there are special insecticides that effectively kill pests and do not spoil the plant.

Sawflies are a real enemy of conifers. The caterpillars of this insect multiply very quickly on the crown of the juniper and grind its needles into dust. When they appear, you need to act quickly and immediately treat the bush with insecticides.

Do not neglect the preventive treatment of the roots of the plant before planting - this will help get rid of diseases and pests in the future;
Choose in advance a well-lit and spacious place for planting juniper;
When choosing seedlings, consider the size and shape of an adult plant of this variety;
In order not to forget about watering and pruning the plant - fix the dates in a calendar or notebook.

Beautiful and healthy junipers can become a real decoration of the garden, if you regularly monitor their condition and do not forget to care for the plant at any time of the year.

Juniper is one of the most unpretentious and useful garden shrubs. It is able to give the landscape a luxurious look, make the air cleaner, and stay in the country - comfortable. Relying on our advice, you can easily grow this plant on your site.

Now it has become popular to grow evergreen trees in your backyard. They not only decorate the yard both in summer and winter, but also create a certain comfort in the backyard area. The main point during the care of juniper is its preparation for wintering. If some recommendations are followed, the shrub will successfully overwinter and in the spring it will cast with saturated greenery, and not with a yellow-brown tint.

Characteristics of juniper

Juniper is a coniferous evergreen plant in the form of a tree or shrub, belonging to the family of gymnosperms, Cypress. The height of the juniper, depending on the type and growth conditions, can reach 15 meters. The root system is deep, mostly taproot, not branched. Depending on the type of juniper - bushy or in the form of a tree, its crown can be: sloping; conical; creeping; pyramidal; spherical. The male juniper has flowering in the form of earrings, consisting of 3-4 stamens, and the female - in the form of oval green earrings. The appearance of flowers occurs in late May-June, and the appearance of fruits in August. Juniper fruits are small cone berries, most often having a blue-gray color and having a number of healing properties. The needles of this plant are predominantly blue in color, long with pointed ends, directed in one direction or scaly.

Why cover the juniper for the winter

Almost all coniferous plantations from trees to low-growing shrubs are characterized by unpretentiousness and resistance to frost. Both thuja and spruce attract the attention of gardeners not only with their beautiful appearance, but also with their resistance to diseases, pests, and also exude a wonderful coniferous aroma. In addition, they are excellent antiseptics.

Out of love for the decorative look of the plant, it is planted along the alleys, near administrative buildings, as well as in parks and gardens. But, despite such positive characteristics, coniferous plants need shelter for the winter. Namely, young seedlings that are not yet 3-4 years old are considered weak and need protection. Here are two aspects that adversely affect evergreen crops:

strong frosty wind;
spring sun rays reflecting off the snow.

Why wind and sunlight? The fact is that the winter wind causes severe dryness of the branches, and from a lack of moisture they freeze, break off and die. If you watched a beautiful spruce with a withered shoot and yellowed needles, then you should know that this happened due to a cold and strong wind. If the needles of trees are able to withstand severe frost, then she does not like the wind.

Everyone knows that the thaw at the end of February and March is characterized by a bright sun, the rays of which are reflected on the white snow. At this time, sap flow has not yet begun, and shrubs are still weak and vulnerable. Then pine needles and green thuja legs under bright light can get sunburned.

Watering and spraying juniper in autumn

Watering - the shrub practically does not require watering. If it turned out to be a hot end of summer, smoothly turning into a velvet autumn, then irrigation with water should be carried out no more than 1 time in 2 weeks. In case of rainy and cool summers, additional watering is not required.

Spraying is the only moment juniper favors. The event is best done before the first hours of the morning or after sunset. This is necessary so that the bright rays do not burn the delicate twigs.

Juniper pruning in autumn

The plant tolerates pruning very well. You need to cut carefully, as the period of recovery and growth takes a long time. From shrubs, you can form a crown of any kind, a ball, a cone, a pyramid, and when growing a tree, you just need to cut off the damaged, dried branches.

Protection of juniper from diseases and pests

Rust brings the most trouble to junipers. The disease is signaled by the appearance of swellings with yellowish gelatinous or mucous secretions of fungi. Sick branches are removed, and the bush is sprayed with a solution of the drug abiga-peak (50 g per 10 liters of water), 4 times with an interval of 10 days.

Of the pests, various types of aphids are especially annoying. Fitoverm is used against it (20 g per 10 liters of water): double treatment with an interval of 10-14 days. Against the juniper moth, it is effective to double, after 10-14 days, spraying with decis pro (0.5 g per 10 l of water). They fight with spider mites using the drug Fufanon (15 ml per 10 liters of water). They also process a bush, badly damaged by a sawfly. You can find out about the appearance of this pest by finding that the branches have become fragile and hollow inside.

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Juniper shelter for the winter

Branch binding. The crown must not be tightly pulled with a rope to prevent breaking and freezing of the branches.

Shelter organization. For winter shelter, you can use burlap, mesh or polypropylene panels. At the same time, you should not strive to wrap the plant completely, the only task is to protect it as much as possible from sunburn. But polyethylene and other “non-breathing” materials should not be used for this - fungi will actively multiply under them, which can lead to the death of the plant.

It is necessary to remove the shelter carefully so as not to damage the fragile, after hibernation, juniper. It is best to do this at the end of April, when the earth has already warmed up slightly and the root system begins to receive nutrition. A cloudy, calm day is chosen so that the plant gradually adapts to changing conditions.

Why juniper dies

Sometimes a planted plant after a successful wintering suddenly dies in the spring. There may be several reasons for this phenomenon:

the seedling was too old. Such plants do not tolerate transplantation very well, since the roots are inevitably injured, the restoration of which takes a very long time. Most often, the juniper fails to restore the root system and it dies. This is especially characteristic of the common juniper, while creeping species are less capricious in this regard;
lack of moisture. In winter, the stomata of the tree close, thereby reducing the evaporation of moisture. When spring comes and the air temperature rises, the stomata open, moisture evaporates more actively and the plant begins to miss it. The juniper cannot get enough water from the ground, because during the winter the soil has frozen, and therefore the plant dies. To avoid this problem, it is recommended to preserve the original earthen ball of the plant as much as possible when planting in open ground;
Cold winter. Although juniper is quite hardy, young seedlings are very sensitive to cold in the first few years and need serious shelter for the winter. The crown is tied up and covered with a suitable material, and the soil must be mulched.

Juniper is a coniferous plant, and like all conifers, you need to plant it in early spring.

Juniper –perennial coniferous plant. Its needles are soft and fragrant. The plant is highly decorative.

Juniper is very much appreciated in landscape design.. Its shape, size, texture, various varietal features open up a wide range of uses for juniper in decoration. This plant planted as a single landing, create whole curtains from it, place it on various rockeries and alpine slides.

In order for the juniper to please the eyes of its owners, it must be properly planted and properly cared for. That is what this article will be about.

What you need to know when growing juniper

Juniper is a coniferous plant, and like all conifers, you need to land it in early spring. It is at this time that the plant is ideally ready for such procedures. It's not quite awake yet, but it's not sleeping either. The root system is ready to absorb nutrients. If you purchased a plant with a closed root system, then you can plant it at any time.

Juniper should be planted in open spaces. There should be a lot of light, because with its shortage, the juniper will not have many branches, and the needles will not be of very good quality.

The soil for juniper is selected based on the type of plant. For ordinary, Cossack and Central Asian, alkaline soil is required. Other species require acidic soil.

planting material

juniper sapling

The best thing buy juniper in a specialized store, nursery or greenhouse. Only there you will buy a healthy plant, prepared for planting. In general, the choice is large, but you need to choose plants that are planted in pots, the volume of which does not exceed 5 liters. Junipers in such pots are young, which means that they will quickly and easily be accepted in a new place, that is, in your area.

If you don't have time to wait for a young juniper to take root and start growing, or if you want the plant to look like it's been growing there for a very long time after planting, you can buy a mature plant. Yes, an adult plant is a very good option, but there are nuances. An adult plant is much worse accepted, this is due to the fact that it grows in the ground, which means that I dig it out, therefore, one way or another, the root system is damaged.

Another option that is suitable for economical people and those who are used to choosing (or even looking for) a plant in their garden. Juniper can be dug out of the forest and planted in your area. But only young plants are suitable for this. Be sure to make sure that the plant is healthy. You need to dig with a large clod of earth, trying not to damage the root system. After the plant is dug up, it must be wrapped in plastic wrap and tied. And you need to take into account that it is necessary to mark the sunny side in order to plant juniper the way it grew in the forest.

juniper planting

Initially, you need to dig a landing hole. It should be 2-3 times larger than the root system of the plant. Drainage is necessarily created at the bottom of the pit: sand is poured with pebbles, rubble or broken bricks.

Further, in the landing pit there is a juniper, always in the center. Empty spaces formed between the root system and the edges of the pit are filled with specialized soil for coniferous plants (or soil brought from a coniferous forest). You can add complex fertilizers for coniferous plants. Be sure to ensure that the root neck is not buried and not embedded in the soil.

After the root system is covered with soil, it must be shed well. To preserve moisture for a long time, the trunk circle is mulched. For mulching, peat, coniferous sawdust, cones, wood chips are used. The thickness of the mulching layer should be at least ten centimeters.

juniper care

As it was written above, juniper unpretentious, but nevertheless, in order for his life to be long, so that he has an impeccable appearance, you need to follow some rules for caring for him and follow some principles.

Watering. Juniper, like any coniferous plant, is able to do without watering for a long time. In hot summers, juniper is watered only once a month. Experienced gardeners specializing in growing conifers recommend spraying juniper showers once a week. Such a procedure is carried out early in the morning or late in the evening, that is, at a time when the sun is not so active and cannot harm the wet needles.

Pruning. Juniper does not need much pruning. The only thing to do is to remove the dried branches. If you decide to form a bush of your juniper, then you need to do this carefully, you do not need to remove too many branches at a time, as the juniper can get sick.

Winter and spring. To prevent freezing of juniper in cold areas, it is covered with covering material, and young plants can be covered with straw or sawdust. If you didn't cover your juniper, then in early spring, as soon as the sun starts to bake hard, be ready to do it. This is due to the fact that under the bright spring sun, juniper can get very severe sunburn, from which it is very difficult to recover. For covering, ordinary burlap is suitable. After the snow has melted, the covering material is removed, the plant is inspected, the near-stem circle is cleaned of mulch, since during this period it can lead to decay of the root neck and roots.

Top dressing. Juniper should be fed every spring and summer with a complex fertilizer for conifers.

The main diseases of juniper

Juniper is susceptible to various diseases that are dangerous to it..

Various fungal diseases manifest themselves in different ways: the needles and branches dry up, orange, yellow or black plaque appears on the needles. If the soil is very salty, the plant begins to suffer. rust. As soon as you notice that the plant begins to hurt, you must immediately take certain measures to combat the disease, eliminate the cause of the disease. Juniper is also susceptible to attack by various insect pests, which must also be dealt with immediately.

Juniper is a beautiful, versatile plant that does not require special attention to itself.

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Juniper is a fairly common plant that has graced gardens for countless years. This genus of cypress is known under a rather interesting name - Veres. If we proceed from the scientific approach to the naming of this plant, juniper is usually called - Archa (Turkic name).

It is worth starting with the fact that this plant is quite unpretentious to its habitat and therefore is a favorite among gardeners throughout the CIS. Along with this, it has an exquisite smell and evokes associations with the coniferous vegetation of the forest.

Juniper - a representative of evergreens, is a bush 1-3 m in height, or a tree 7-13 m. The bark is dark gray, the needles are from bluish-blue to bright green and yellow. It has a prickly shell with a pronounced smell. The sex of the plant is distinguished by female and male cones, which, after fertilization, grow into cone-berries.

The plant loves light, is drought tolerant and does not require excessive soil requirements, but grows best in light and nutritious soil. The life span of a juniper bush can reach 600 years. In no case should you cut or tear it, it is almost impossible to restore the veres in growth. Many species of this plant are listed in the Red Book. Juniper varieties vary depending on the place of origin and climate.

The plant releases phytoncides into the environment - substances that suppress and destroy most microorganisms. If you get into the juniper grove, you will breathe almost sterile air, free from bacteria and germs.

The range of applications of juniper

The plant is used both in landscape gardening needs and in forestry as a soil hardener.

Has a wide range of applications:

brew beer;
make wine, vodka, gin;
extract sugar;
make spices;
spices;
essential oils.

Common juniper has many subspecies and forms. It makes an excellent marinade for meat, veres not only improves the taste, but also fully reveals all the subtleties of the dish. It goes well with lamb, pork and in the production of confectionery.

Healing properties of juniper

Since ancient times, juniper has been considered a powerful medicinal plant.

Roots treat tuberculosis, ulcers, bronchitis, skin disease.
Cones are widely used in medicine.
Berries have diuretic, choleretic, antimicrobial and expectorant effects.
Treats toothache, improves heart function, relieves swelling, normalizes blood pressure.
Contraindicated in pregnant women, hypertensive patients, and people with kidney disease.
The percentage of vitamin C is equal to its content in lemon.

Juniper. Landing and care

Important Rules

Not every plant will survive juniper in the neighborhood.
Propagated by cuttings is much more efficient than if grown from seeds. But in order for the stalk to take root, you need to invest a lot of patience, strength and knowledge on how to properly plant juniper. Sometimes the rooting process can take about 2 years.

The soil

In the spring, you need to fertilize the soil by adding nitroammophos to it (about 40-50 grams per square meter).
Before planting juniper in the ground, a good drainage system should be made, because it does not tolerate the accumulation of excess moisture. Excess water in the soil leads to rotting of the root system and death of the plant. To avoid such a situation, it is necessary to properly prepare the growing site. A layer of expanded clay and sand (about 20 cm), we fill it with a layer of earth 40-60 cm.
When preparing the soil, the ideal mixture: earth, sand, peat in a ratio of 1:1:2.
After two weeks (when the earth has settled), we water the soil abundantly.

The preparation procedure at this stage is absolutely not complicated in comparison with many other conifers. Categorically do not ignore the stage of preparation. Compliance with all the rules will ensure high growth intensity and the absence of a deficiency of trace elements necessary for nutrition.

The landing site should be sunny, in extreme cases, partial shade is suitable.
Juniper is drought tolerant, but if you want to get a good result, it is recommended to spray the crown of your seedling. It is best to do this in the morning and not more than once every 10 days.
In the fall, juniper should begin to prepare for the winter. Remove dry branches, inspect for pests and neutralize the soil around the bush with a solution of Bordeaux mixture. Since the juniper grows very slowly, it is necessary to carefully cut only dry branches.
In order for the planted plant to survive the winter, it needs to be covered, but this should only be done in the first year of planting.
If the plant has a large crown, tie your bush with a rope for the winter, for a safe wintering.
In the spring, at a distance of 30-40 cm from the trunk, make a trench around your bush. Until autumn, new shoots will appear inside the coma and, if necessary, a transplant, the procedure will be as painless as possible.

reproduction

This technique provides a higher growth rate compared to germination from seeds. You are guaranteed to get a plant of the same type as the source of the cloning material.

The best time for cuttings is autumn.

The cutting, 20 cm to 40 cm in size, should be separated from the mother plant with a blade, previously disinfected with an alcohol-based solution. It is preferable to cut the lower branches of the plant.
Treatment with stimulants is necessary, which contribute to the acceleration rooting. Kornevin powder is ideal.
Place the clone in a small greenhouse. As soil, use soil with peat, in a ratio of 1: 1.

If you decide to buy a juniper with an already developed root system, inspect the specimen well for the condition of the seedling. If the needles look sluggish, then it is better to refuse such an acquisition.

To plant juniper seeds you need:

Scarify the seeds - you can rub between two sheets of sandpaper.
Sow seeds in pots of soil
Stratify (subject cold processing). Take the boxes to the garden and store under the snow for about 4-5 months.
In May, sow seeds in beds to a depth of 2-3 cm.
We mulch the bed, water as needed.
During the first two weeks, we cover the bed from sunlight, loosen and weed from weeds.
At the age of 3 years, seedlings with a clod of earth can be transplanted to a new permanent place of growth.

disembarkation

We prepare a hole, which should be twice the size of the seedling itself.
The recommended age for planting seedlings is at least 3 years.
Immediately after transplanting, water the veres generously around the trunk.
It is best to plant juniper with a closed root system. If the rhizomes are open, then the best time for planting a cutting is April-Maywhen the weather is moderately humid.
After planting, we mulch the soil - we cover the soil with any breathable material, such as peat or foliage. The layer of mulch should be about 10 cm.

Control of diseases and pests

Juniper most often suffers from a fungal disease that looks like rust and appears on shoots, needles and branches. The bark dries out, the needles turn brown and crumble. However, this is not the only problem that a gardener may face when growing heather.

juniper rust

The main signs: the trunk is covered with abundant swellings, the bark slowly dies off and in its place wounds form in the form of brown cracks.
Prevention and treatment: The ideal solution to avoid infection is not to plant next to rose-flowered plant cultures. In case of occurrence, the affected branches should be removed and destroyed away from the juniper. In places of cuts, disinfect with copper sulphate at 1% concentration.

Tracheomycotic wilt

Main symptoms: Occurs when infected with a fungus. The spread of the disease to the root system blocks the absorption of nutrients. It manifests itself in the form of yellowing and shedding of the needles and branches of the plant. Young seedlings are at risk. It is extremely difficult to timely identify the spread of the disease, due to the manifestation of signs primarily on the rhizome.
Prevention and treatment: disinfect the soil before planting in the ground. Unfortunately, when infected, the plant must be destroyed along with the root system.

Alternariosis

Main symptoms: fungal disease. It appears in the form of round spots of plaque, mostly dark in color. It mainly damages branches, but can also be found on the coniferous part of the plant.
Prevention and treatment: the destruction of damaged areas of the plant and the disinfection procedure.

Brown Schutte

Main signs: first of all, it occurs in plants in places oversaturated with moisture, mainly in the shade. Veres becomes dark brown. The causative agent of the disease is a fungus.
Prevention and treatment: disinfect the soil and plant surface. All damaged and fallen parts of the plant, burn away from the site.

Juniper is a plant that grows in the form of bushes and trees, has a huge number of subspecies and places of origin. I will tell you about the most interesting of them, which affect completely different forms and are as different as possible from each other.

Juniper blue. A variety of juniper with shoots that creep and form an irregular shape in the form of a pillow. The color of this juniper is quite specific - silver blue. Like any juniper, it is not demanding on the climate, it grows in dry weather and is resistant to cold. Great choice for garden decoration or potted plant. In the garden, the plant looks charming against the backdrop of white snow. It is good to use for covering the soil and protection from the cold.

Juniper Cossack. Drought and hot climate resistant. The branches of such a juniper are covered with coniferous scales, which are very rich in essential oils. Good weapon against moths! Possesses the expressed pleasant smell. It is used abundantly in horticulture because of its picturesque branches and unpretentiousness. Be careful, the branches of such a juniper can be toxic.

Juniper rocky. A plant that grows in nature in the form of a tree can reach up to 10-12 meters in height. Belongs to the cypress family. Great for transforming your garden. Often used to decorate park areas and streets. This is not only a beautiful plant, but also useful, because it has healing phyto-properties and has a beneficial effect on the respiratory system. Like any juniper, this species does not survive well when water stagnates in the roots, so it is better to plant in a dry place with good drainage and protected from the wind. The soil must be unsalted otherwise the tree will simply die. When planting in an open area, the first time the cuttings need to loosen the soil.

Juniper Chinese. Reaches a height of 20-25 meters. The plant is native to China. as a result of which and there was a name. Young shoots grow rather slowly, but gain momentum over time. It is best planted in sunny areas of the garden, because. if planted in the shade, the needles may fall off and the cutting will stop growing. Water no more than once a month.

Juniper horizontal. It has roots in the United States and Canada. If the air humidity is moderate, additional watering is not required for such a shrub. The natural environment is sandy shores near large lakes. Due to the fact that this species grows in the form of a shrub creeping along the ground, it is often called flat. The needles are rich green or gray. Like any juniper, it is rather undemanding and difficult to take root during transplantation. It grows well provided that the air in the place of growth is humid.

Juniper scaly. Dense shrub with creeping forms. The origin originates in East Asia. The plant is not frost-resistant enough for cold weather; from frost, the needles become brown and crumble. It has a large number of forms and types for gardening (about 70).

Juniper gold. A great look that is suitable for decorating any garden to create a hedge. The maximum height is 1 meter.

juniper fertilizer

Despite the fact that conifers absolutely do not require regular feeding, in order to accelerate rooting and ensure high growth rates, it is still worth giving this process a little time.

To provide juniper with all the necessary nutrients for several years, compost or biohumus is ideal. Spread organic fertilizer on the surface in a layer of 5 cm and mix with the soil. Thus, you will ensure the supply of trace elements with each watering. It is strongly not recommended to abuse fertilizers, because in this case you risk burning the root system and injuring the plant.

Definitely avoid fertilizers with a high nitrogen content. With an overabundance of this microelement, the juniper is very likely to receive an overdose, the consequences of which can kill the plant, or completely stop it from growing. Avoid such stress.

Precautionary measures

It is better to work with juniper with gloves, because juniper juice is an allergen and can cause skin irritation due to the content of toxins.

In the presence of contraindications, it is absolutely not necessary to take juniper products.

Juniper. A photo

Gardeners are increasingly choosing a beautiful and useful juniper for landscaping a site. This evergreen plant will help create the necessary shade or hedge, decorate the garden, alpine hill, flower garden.

Juniper is unpretentious and not particularly demanding on soil fertility. However, some points should still be taken into account.

Fertilizer and top dressing of seedlings and young plants.

When choosing, you should pay attention to its appearance. Its needles and branches should not be dry, the plant should look healthy, without signs of damage, mold, fungi.

Any transplant for a plant is a stressful situation. Planting material should be with an earthen clod in which it grew. When planting on poor soils, for better growth and development, fertilizers and nutrient mixtures should be applied to the hole. A mixture of peat with sand and turf is best suited. After planting, the plant should be watered abundantly to avoid voids in the soil. Juniper is good for group planting and soil incorporation with moss, bark or sawdust.

In spring, young plants can be fed with mineral fertilizers, highly diluted with water. Juniper responds well to the introduction of nitroammophoska, superphosphate. Young juniper, starting from the second year of planting, it is better to fertilize every spring when the snow melts. Top dressing is also acceptable in the summer. To do this, you should purchase a special mineral. It contains the necessary elements for the full growth and development of juniper (potassium, iron, magnesium, copper, manganese, zinc and phosphorus). Before fertilizing juniper, you should find out what element it lacks. For example, yellowing of young shoots is associated with a lack of magnesium.

Fertilizers for juniper should not have a large amount of nitrogen. It is strictly forbidden to use manure and oversaturate the soil. Such manipulations will lead to a burn of the roots, deformation of the crown and even death of the plant.

Proper and timely fertilizer juniper will allow it to look very impressive, the needles will be juicy and rich in color.

Top dressing of an adult juniper.

What juniper fertilizers are required for an adult plant? Virtually none. The juniper is characterized by the rule: it is better not to overfeed than to overfeed. Therefore, fertilizers should be used with caution.

Juniper is good for foliar feeding. In dry seasons, as well as in autumn before the arrival of frost, an adult plant should be watered abundantly, but rarely. This will allow him to accumulate moisture and easier to survive bad weather conditions.