The internal structure of a gas water heater. Water block of a gas water heater - repair and adjustment of a gas water heater How to disassemble a gas water heater

Instantaneous water heaters have long term operation and easy to use. Over time, preventative or major repairs are required geysers, which is necessary to restore uninterrupted operation of equipment and supply hot water to the house. The editors of the site today decided to devote a separate article to this issue. We will tell you about the main malfunctions of household speakers and how to fix them.

Read in the article:

Features of the geyser device and the principle of its operation

Surely many users have wondered why a gas water heater does not heat water well, does not ignite, or works intermittently. Before you begin troubleshooting, you should understand design features household speakers. Inside all instantaneous domestic water heaters there is a heat exchanger, gas burners and operating temperature sensors. In addition, pipelines are connected to the dispenser structure through which gas is supplied to the system, cold water is supplied, and hot water is also supplied to the consumer.

The principle of operation of the gas water heater is as follows: after opening the water tap, the valve is activated, gas enters the burner, and the candle ignites. As it burns, heat is generated, the temperature of which is regulated by a built-in sensor. Thus, water is heated using a coolant. The columns are equipped with a ventilation system, through which exhaust gas and steam are removed. The operating temperature of the water is controlled by a built-in switch located outside the flow equipment.

How to turn on the gas water heater and adjust the temperature and pressure

Let's consider the features of turning on and adjusting the parameters of a household appliance if the column was dismantled for major repairs, or it was replaced with new model. After installing and connecting all structural components of the equipment, turn on the burner and open the hot water. Next, you need to measure the outgoing temperature and compare it with the incoming temperature (supply cold water) – the difference between the indicators should be about 25°C. If the outgoing liquid is heated for a long time or is completely absent, you should adjust the temperature using the gas supply knob (toggle switch).

Get hot water flowing desired temperature possible by adjusting the fluid pressure in the pipeline. If the water pressure is too weak, the temperature will become too high, or it will not be enough to turn on the column. High pressure, on the contrary, will lead to the fact that the liquid will not have time to heat up. The problem of poor water pressure can be solved in several ways.

A leaky membrane is quite common cause lack of hot water in the house. After replacing it, the device will cope with a large volume of incoming liquid without any problems.

How to check draft in a gas water heater: practical recommendations

Before starting the dispenser, it is imperative to check the draft, since the quality of the equipment’s operation will depend on the speed of movement of the exhaust gases in the chimney. In addition, this procedure is carried out to eliminate the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning. To check the intensity of draft, gas service representatives use an anemometer. You can also use a fire flame brought to the ventilation shaft. To do this, you need to light a sheet of paper or hold a match to it: if the flame quickly rushes into the chimney, it means the draft is good and you can use the column.

Important! Weak draft of instantaneous water heaters can be caused by blockages structural elements columns This is easy to see if there is an uncharacteristic (deep orange or green) color of the flame in the burner. To remove soot, you need to clean the ventilation shaft and remove dirt from the device components.

Tools needed to repair a geyser with your own hands

If the gas water heater does not work, and you have to do-it-yourself repair faulty equipment, you should prepare the appropriate tools. To work, you will need adjustable and open-end wrenches, which are needed to unscrew and crimp the pipes and threaded connections.

You also need to prepare a set of simple and Phillips screwdrivers. Before starting work, you should purchase paronite gaskets to replace worn seals. Please note that tow should be used to seal the seams. If you need to troubleshoot electrical equipment, you will need a multimeter to measure a number of parameters. If a leak is detected in the heat exchanger and pipeline, you should prepare sandpaper, a soldering iron, rosin and solder.

Ways to eliminate common geyser malfunctions

Problem #1. Repair of a geyser heat exchanger due to scale formation

One of the reasons why the geyser does not turn on when the water is turned on is the formation of scale on the heat exchanger during operation. Its design consists of a pipeline and a metal casing. Water enters the pipes, where it is heated. Due to the high hardness and high temperature, deposits of limestone and salts form, which interfere with the normal operation of the column.

Expert opinion

VK design engineer (water supply and sewerage) LLC "ASP North-West"

Ask a specialist

“If cold water flows under good pressure when opened, and hot water flows in a thin stream, this indicates a clogged heat exchanger pipeline that needs to be flushed.”

Recovery normal operation equipment, it is not at all necessary to dismantle the heat exchanger. Before starting repair work, turn off the gas and water supplies. Then you need to remove the union nut and drain the water from it.

You also need to unscrew the nuts on the outlet and inlet pipes of the device. Next, anti-scale agent is poured inside using a rubber hose. For these purposes, you can also use citric acid or vinegar solution.

After 3 hours, connect the pipes to the heat exchanger and check the tightness of the threaded connections. Then you need to open the water supply tap (hot). This must be done slowly so that the pressure does not splash the dirt all over the kitchen. When the scale and blockages melt away, the hot water pressure will increase. If necessary, the cleaning procedure is repeated several times. The problem of scale formation can be solved quite simply by installing filtration equipment.

Problem #2. The gas heater does not light up or lights up and immediately goes out

Now let's look at what to do if the gas water heater does not light. The main cause of this malfunction may be the lack of traction. This often happens due to a clogged ventilation shaft. The problem is eliminated by cleaning the chimney channel using a brush with metal bristles.

Also, the column will not light if the membrane is damaged. It is often deformed, which is why the burner trigger does not work when opening the tap with hot water.

Membrane failure is determined as follows: it is necessary to maximize the water pressure by opening the valve all the way. If the heater turns on, the membrane must be replaced. To do this, the water assembly mechanism must be disassembled and the deformed membrane replaced.

note that silicone seals last much longer than rubber membranes, so to ensure long work These are the speakers you should choose. Also, the equipment may not turn on if the water inlet filter is clogged. Cleaning is simple: you need to unscrew the nut on the pressure supply side, remove and wash the mesh, then reinstall and check the device.

Problem #3. Why does a gas water heater go out spontaneously, and how to fix the problem?

If the column goes out, a common cause of this failure is the failure of the temperature sensor. The bimetallic device protects it from overheating. Over time, the sensor insulation wears out, and the device often shorts to the housing, causing the safety valve to turn on.

This leads to chaotic operation of the gas water heater. In such cases, the temperature sensor needs urgent replacement. To avoid complex hardware failures, the device must be replaced by a qualified specialist, so it is not recommended to change it yourself.

Problem #4. Geyser does not heat water

Often users have to deal with the fact that the pressure is good, but the gas water heater does not heat the water well. This malfunction may be caused by insufficient power of the device. In addition, the heating of the water pressure may be too weak due to simple clogging of the system. It is also worth paying attention to the pressure in the gas pipeline - if it is too weak, the liquid entering the heat exchanger will practically not heat up. This problem can be solved by adjusting the hot water tap, cleaning the structural elements of the system, or complete replacement speakers per model required power. Before you begin troubleshooting this problem, you should invite a gas appliance service technician.

Problem #5. Weak pressure of hot water from the gas water heater

We have already talked about the need to clean the heat exchanger from scale. It is its presence that causes certain difficulties for the normal operation of the device, since a clogged pipeline does not allow water to flow with good pressure. In addition to clogging of this device, the likely reason for the column not turning on may be the igniter operating in idle mode. When it's burning long time, the heat exchanger body heats up, causing the liquid in it to evaporate.

This leads to the fact that there is no water flow in the pipeline, and the blockage is not washed out. Over time, the heat exchanger becomes unsuitable for further use. If cleaning is not possible, the unit should be replaced.

Problem #6. What to do if the gas water heater radiator is leaking

Long-term use of geysers leads to damage to the gaskets and the formation of cracks in the pipes and radiator. In practice, replacing it is quite expensive, because its cost is almost a third of the price of new equipment. Let's figure out how you can repair this unit yourself with minimal costs.

Table 1. Sequence of repair work on the geyser radiator

Work stage	Description
	Before starting repair work, it is necessary to drain the existing fluid from the system. To do this, the hot water supply tap opens (the cold water supply is closed). Then the nut on the inlet pipe is unscrewed, after which almost the entire volume of water will flow out of the device.
	Unscrew the fasteners. Remove the leaking radiator.
	You should carefully inspect the pipes and radiator housing for damage (cracks, holes). As a rule, they are present in places where green or gray-yellow oxide forms.
	Damaged areas must be thoroughly cleaned of oxide and dirt using sandpaper. Lubricate the treated areas with solvent to remove traces of carbon deposits and other contaminants.
	To eliminate cracks and holes, use a soldering iron, solder and rosin. Tin the defect and then treat it with a layer of tin. Its thickness should not exceed 2 mm.

Problem #7. Replacing geyser gaskets

Due to exposure to high temperatures, over time, in the places where the pipes are connected, the gaskets harden or become deformed, resulting in a leak. It can be eliminated by simply replacing sealing elements.

To unscrew and tighten the nuts, you will need a 24mm open-end wrench or an adjustable equivalent. After installing the new gasket, do not forget to wind 4-5 turns of FUM tape onto the pipe threads.

Problem #8. Popping noises are heard when the gas burner is turned on

The main reason for the formation of pops during operation of instantaneous water heating equipment is too high or low pressure in the gas pipeline. If the pressure is low, the mixture supplied to the column contains oxygen, which creates pops when ignited. At high pressure, the flame escaping from the igniter also produces similar sounds. This problem is solved by adjusting the pressure of the gas flow. It is better to entrust this work to representatives of the gas service.

Problem #9. There is a smell of gas during operation

Often a problem arises in the operation of equipment such as a gas leak, which is accompanied by a persistent characteristic odor. If it is present, you should not operate the column to avoid an emergency. In this case, you need to call a gas service repair team.

Repair of geysers of popular brands at home

Features of repair of Bosch geysers

The high quality of assembly of Bosch geysers ensures long-term uninterrupted operation of water heating equipment. Thus, heat exchangers of the Therm 4000 and 6000 series models can last 6-10 years without the need for cleaning. To carry out prevention of the node, the column does not need to be removed.

Usually, questions about how to light a Bosch gas water heater do not arise. If there are interruptions in the operation of the equipment, the first step is to check the integrity of the gaskets and membrane. The water block or flow regulator may also fail. Basically, the repair consists of replacing the sealing elements.

How to repair a Junkers geyser yourself

Repair of Junkers speakers in most cases comes down to preventive measures. They consist of cleaning the pipes, replacing the membrane, removing carbon deposits, and adjusting the operation of the burner and valves. TO complex types repairs should include setting up the control unit and restoring the water-gas system.

Repair of the Oasis geyser: brief instructions

Brief instructions for repairing the Oasis geyser (the equipment diagram is shown in the photo) is to identify typical faults and their elimination. So, if it doesn't work automatic system ignition, you need to clean the contacts and replace the batteries.

If there is no traction, the column will not turn on. The problem can be resolved by cleaning the ventilation shaft. The same will happen if the water pressure regulator is set to the minimum level, since in this case the membrane will not work, and gas valve won't open. To fix the problem, just set the regulator to maximum.

Quite often, in geysers, the mesh filter becomes clogged, into which small particles fall, reducing the intensity of the pressure. The problem is solved by flushing.

Features of repair of the geyser "Vector"

The design and principle of operation of Vector devices is not much different from other models. If the cold water pressure is low, it is recommended to install a booster pump, which will ensure uninterrupted hot water supply. If the Vector gas water heater does not ignite, you should check the condition of the filter and the heat exchanger for the presence of scale.

Dear readers of the online magazine site! Leave it in the comments useful tips on repair and maintenance of geysers, and also share with other visitors your experience in setting up instantaneous water heaters.

Since the Neva gas water heater series 4511 is one of the most common models, the topic of its maintenance and repair is of interest to many users who are accustomed to performing similar works with your own hands. Indeed, these instantaneous water heaters with an open combustion chamber can often be brought back to life without the need for service personnel. Let's look at what malfunctions arise during the operation of these units, as well as ways to eliminate them.

Design and principle of operation of the Neva 4511 model

It is impossible to repair a household appliance yourself without knowing how it functions and what it consists of. Unlike old-type water heaters, this series of geysers is equipped with a controller and electric ignition, which makes it possible to remove the constantly burning pilot light. Otherwise, the design remained quite simple and maintainable. It consists of the following main elements:

Housing with hinges for wall mounting.
Diffuser – a collection of combustion products with a chimney pipe.
Copper heat exchanger.
Gas burner device.
Water node.
Membrane actuator (so-called frog).
Gas valve with an electromagnet connected by a common rod to the water unit.
Controller.
Microswitch for supplying power to the electronic unit.
Water supply pipes.
Ignition electrode.
Flame sensor (ionization).
Additional electrode for igniting the burner.
The tap is a flow regulator.
Adjustment of combustion intensity and heating temperature.
Connecting a draft sensor installed inside the diffuser.
Compartment for batteries (batteries).

The diagram above shows the structure of the Neva gas water heater with digital designations of parts corresponding to the list.

Automatic switching on and heating are controlled by the water unit together with the controller, and a solenoid valve connected to a draft sensor is responsible for the safe supply of gas. The operating algorithm of a water heating device looks like this:

After opening the hot water tap, pressure arises at the inlet of the “frog”, acting on the rubber membrane of the unit. It moves the rod, which opens the gas valve and closes the microswitch contacts.
When the electrical circuit is closed, power from the batteries is supplied to the controller. It gives 2 commands simultaneously: open the solenoid valve to allow gas to pass through and create a spark at the ignition electrodes. As a result, the burner ignites.
The flame sensor detects the appearance of fire and transmits an impulse electronic unit, which interrupts sparking. The heater goes into operating mode.
When the valve on the mixer is closed, the pressure in the network disappears and the spring pushes the “frog” membrane back, simultaneously closing the mechanical gas valve. The limit microswitch is triggered and the controller is deprived of power, and with it the electromagnet. The fuel supply stops and the burner goes out.

Fundamental point. The solenoid valve is connected in one circuit to the traction sensor (item 16 of the diagram). If for various reasons the draft in the chimney disappears or weakens, the sensor will heat up and open the circuit, de-energizing the electromagnet. The last one will return to closed position and will shut off the gas supply to the burner device.

To eliminate possible overheating of water in the heat exchanger, the manufacturer has implemented a simple technical solution: a temperature sensor connected to the controller is built into the pipeline. If the flow heats up to a critical level (about 90 °C), the gas supply will automatically stop and the burner will go out. The structure and operating principle of the Neva 4511 column is shown more clearly in the video:

Water heater repair

To troubleshoot a Neva gas water heater yourself, you need to diagnose it correctly. Over the years of operation of a water heating device, one part of the parts wears out and requires replacement, the other requires periodic maintenance. In this case, various problems arise, characterized by certain symptoms. We propose to divide all emerging problems into groups according to the following criteria:

The burner does not light when the DHW system tap is opened;
after working for 5-10 seconds, the unit turns off;
the flow-through heater starts up and functions properly, but does not heat the water well;
other problems.

Advice. Most often, in geysers, the rubber membrane of the water unit fails - it stretches, cracks or breaks. This is a consumable spare part that should always be kept in stock. A sample part is shown in the photo.

What to do if the column does not light up

When the water heater does not respond in any way to turning on the hot water, you need to perform the simplest action - check the condition of the batteries and battery compartment contacts (they may oxidize). Clean them sandpaper, install a new set of batteries, and then try ignition again.

Important point. The glowing display of a household appliance does not at all indicate that the batteries are fully charged, since it does not consume much energy. If the batteries are low, there may not be enough voltage to trigger the electromagnet and create a spark. According to the characteristics published on the manufacturer's official website, a set of elements is enough for approximately 250 hours of operation.

Battery compartment location - bottom view of the device

Is the power supply ok? Then continue diagnosing the gas water heater using this algorithm:

Make sure there is enough pressure in the pipeline to turn on the device. Perhaps someone accidentally closed the shut-off valve or control valve on the heater itself (on the right).
If the incoming water supply is strainer, check its condition and clean it if necessary.
Remove the front panel of the device and open the DHW tap, observing the stem. If it does not move at normal water pressure, the reason lies in the “frog” membrane.
The rod has moved, released the switch button, but nothing happens? There is a problem with the electrical circuits. You need to check the microswitch and ring other wires that supply the controller and solenoid valve.

Advice. When repairing the Neva gas water heater, which involves disassembling the unit, shut off the gas line just in case.

To dismantle the front casing, you need to remove the plastic handles from the control valves and disconnect the display connector. The panel is held at the back by 2 screws located at the bottom of the device. Unscrew them and remove the casing by pulling it towards you and pulling it upward.

To check the limit switch, you need to disconnect the connector and test it using a multimeter or lamp tester. When the button is pressed, the circuit should be open. As for the wiring, it rarely fails, unless you come across a broken wire, which is easily fixed.

To replace the membrane in the Neva 4511 dispenser, remove and disassemble the water unit along with the gas unit, following the instructions:

Close the cold water and gas supply, unscrew both supply pipes with an open-end wrench. Also disable copper tube leading to the heat exchanger.
Disconnect the controller and microswitch connectors.
The entire water-gas block is attached with 2 screws to the flange of the burner device. Unscrew them with a Phillips screwdriver and remove the assembly.
Disassemble the “frog” and replace the membrane, and with it the small o-ring shown in the photo.

Note. Replacement can be done without dismantling the entire unit, but performing the operation in this position is extremely inconvenient. The described disassembly technology is also suitable for other models of geysers - Neva Lux 4510, 5611 and so on.

How the membrane changes instantaneous water heater, watch in the next video:

There is a spark - no ignition

When sparking is noticeable at the glow plug, but the burner is inactive, you need to check the following points:

whether the spark electrode has moved relative to the nozzle;
whether the traction or overheating sensor that opens the circuit has failed solenoid valve;
whether a high-voltage wire penetrates the housing;
whether the spark has weakened due to a clogged spark plug or discharged batteries.

The electrode should be located directly above the nozzle of one of the burner sections at a distance of no more than 5 mm from it. Violation of the position of the candle is corrected by simply bending it. Sometimes it is enough to clean the end of the electrode from soot to increase the spark power.

The operation of the traction and overheating sensors is checked by directly closing their contacts. Place jumpers on each device one by one, including the water on the mixer. If a flame appears, replace the faulty sensor.

After starting the burner goes out

If the flame in the column lights up regularly along with the appearance of water intake, and after 5-10 seconds goes out, then the reasons may be as follows:

the ionization sensor does not work (does not detect fuel combustion);
there is no draft in the chimney, which causes the corresponding sensor to overheat and open the electrical circuit;
Maximum heating is set at low water consumption, which is why its temperature quickly reaches 90 ° C and the overheating sensor is triggered.

The last 2 faults do not depend on the water heater and are eliminated by the user individually. Sometimes the damping effect is created by an overstretched membrane: at the first moment after water is supplied, it moves the rod, and when the pressure in the pipe normalizes, it releases again.

The flame sensor fails for three reasons:

The electrode is coated with a thick layer of soot and requires cleaning.
The “nose” of the device has bent downwards due to prolonged exposure to temperature and needs to be slightly bent upwards, as demonstrated in the video.
The device has broken down and needs to be replaced.

The opposite situation also happens: the hot water tap is turned off, but the burner continues to work. There is a jamming of the rod here, which can be eliminated by disassembling and cleaning the water-gas block.

How to eliminate low heat

There are two reasons for this phenomenon: clogging of the burner nozzles and deposits in the heat exchanger tubes. In the first case there is a noticeable change of blue color flame turns yellow or reddish, the gas burner device begins to smoke. To fix it, it is advisable to call a gas service technician, but if necessary, you can do it yourself:

Turn off the gas supply.
Dismantle the burner by unscrewing the clamping nut on the gas pipeline and the 4 screws shown below, not in the photo.
Blow out the knot in an accessible way from dust, and then wash with a mild soap solution.
Dry the device and reassemble the column in reverse order.

If the burner operates properly, but the water does not heat up, then you need to flush the heat exchanger. The manufacturer provides simplified dismantling of the element: drain the water from the column, unscrew the two connecting nuts on the tubes (shown in the photo with green arrows) and the 2 mounting screws on top. After this, immerse the heat exchanger in a bucket of solution citric acid(100 grams per 1 liter of water) and wait until it eats away the scale. After thorough washing and drying, reinstall the element.

Advice. When reassembling the heat exchanger, it is advisable to change the rubber gaskets located inside the union nuts.

Conclusion

It cannot be said that repairing the Neva gas water heater yourself is unrealistic or unacceptable. You can indeed deal with the common malfunctions described above on your own, and without any special tools. It should be remembered that the water heater is a gas-using equipment that requires a careful and thorough approach.

Design engineer with more than 8 years of experience in construction.
Graduated from Eastern Ukrainian National University them. Vladimir Dal with a degree in Electronics Industry Equipment in 2011.

Regardless of the model of the geyser, its design includes the following elements.

Heat exchanger.
Main burner.
Pilot burner.

The gas water heater works according to the following principle.

When you open a water tap, the pressure in the system drops and the pilot burner in the column is activated.
After which the pilot burner ignites the main burner. That, in turn, begins to intensively heat the heat exchanger, which is made in the form of a coil. As water passes through the heat exchanger, it heats up and hot water comes out of the tap.
Exhaust gas products exit into a specially designated pipe.

This operating principle applies to automatic speakers. In semi-mechanical or mechanical ones, the operating principle is slightly different, but generally identical to an automatic burner.

Also, depending on the model, after the water heating cycle, the flame in the pilot burner remains burning, thereby maintaining high temperature in the heat exchanger. When you open the water tap, the whole process begins again.

Kinds

Today the market of gas appliances includes wide choose various models gas burners. Generally speaking, all gas heaters operate on the same principle and differ from each other in the following characteristics.

Power. How more power heater, so more water it will be able to heat up in a short period of time.

Among the most common types of power, the following three can be noted:

Heater with a power of 28 kW.
Heater with a power of 26 kW.
Heater with a power of 17 kW.

The latter type has a low cost, but at the same time cannot provide hot water to the bathroom and kitchen at the same time. As a rule, most users choose the second type, as it has an optimal price-performance ratio.

Safe operation of the device. It is one of the main criteria when choosing a heater. Despite Hi-tech However, there are cases when water or gas is turned off and in order to prevent leakage of fuel or combustion products, the dispensers are equipped with the following sensors.

Gas shut-off sensor in case the flame goes out.
Flame sensor. It is redundant and also turns off the gas supply if the flame goes out and the first sensor does not work.
Water pressure relief valve. Prevents from tearing water pipes columns in case high pressure in system.
Sensor for opening and closing a water tap. Performs the function of turning the heater on and off when the tap is opened.
Traction sensor. Prevents the column from turning on in the absence of traction, while avoiding carbon monoxide poisoning.
Water pressure sensor. Prevents the heater from turning on in case of low pressure in the water supply.
Thermostat. Ensures that water heating is turned off when the temperature has reached the desired level.

This is the main list protective sensors, which a modern geyser should be equipped with. If one of them is missing, such a device is highly not recommended for use from a safety point of view.

Type of arson. Arson can be carried out in one of two types.

Pieze refers to mechanical view, that is, you will have to singe it manually.
Auto-ignition operates using batteries and is automatic. The principle of operation is the same as in piezo arson only without human intervention. Automatic ignition also includes hydroturbine ignition, powered by an electric generator.

Additional features. These functions include the presence of an LCD display that displays various information, additional settings, etc.

The most common breakdowns

As you know, nothing lasts forever and gas heaters are no exception. Like all equipment, they tend to fail, due to many factors. Some of the more common breakdowns include the following malfunctions.

The main burner does not ignite when the ignition is working.
Burner goes out for no reason.
Doesn't heat water well.
There is some popping noise when the speaker operates.
When you turn on the heater you can smell gas.
The device does not light up.

This is a list of common problems with gas heaters. If you have a tool and a little knowledge, you can fix these problems yourself. Otherwise, it is better to entrust this process to an understanding person.

Scale on the heat exchanger - how to fix it

The need to clean the heat exchanger is usually caused by the following reasons.

The water takes a long time to heat up.
Poor water pressure.
The overheating sensor is triggered and the column turns off.

If the above happens to the column, this means that it is necessary to clean the heat exchanger, as it has formed a large number of scale

Step-by-step instruction

Cleaning the heat exchanger consists of the following steps.

It is necessary to shut off the water supply to the heater with the valve and dismantle the heat exchanger, disconnecting it from the water pipes. If cleaning is carried out infrequently, it is recommended to use a lubricating spray for dismantling, which makes it easier to unscrew the oxidized nuts. After treating the nuts with a spray, you need to wait 15-20 minutes and start unscrewing them.
After dismantling the heat exchanger, you can begin cleaning it. To clean scale, you can use a solution prepared at the rate of 100 grams. citric acid per half liter of hot water. Using a watering can, the solution is poured into the heat exchanger and left there for 12 hours.
Afterwards, you need to drain the solution and rinse the part thoroughly. clean water. It is necessary to thoroughly clean the heat exchanger from any remaining scale, as it can clog the tubes, blocking the flow of water. This can be done using pressurized water or compressed air.
The final stage at which it is necessary to install the heat exchanger in place in the heater after first changing the sealing washers.

The radiator is leaking - how to fix it

If the radiator in a gas heater begins to leak, it would be more expedient to replace it with a new one, but its cost is often one third of the cost of the heater, which is completely irrational. In such cases, it would be more natural to solder the leaky radiator. This can be done using solder, since the water that passes through the radiator does not exceed 100 degrees, and the melting point of solder is 200 degrees.

Step-by-step instruction

In order to solder the radiator, you must perform the following steps.

Drain the water from the column and remove the radiator.
Find the leak and clean the soldering area with fine sandpaper. The cleaned area must be wiped and degreased with alcohol.
Immediately before soldering, the leak site must be tinned. This can be done using regular rosin.
Soldering must be done with a soldering iron with a power of at least 100 watts and solder. On the prepared area for soldering, you need to apply a uniform layer of solder with a heated soldering iron. If the soldering is applied unevenly and is loose, you need to heat the soldering area more strongly.

After soldering, you should check the radiator for leaks and if everything is fine, install it into the column in the reverse order.

The gas water heater does not light - how to fix it

If the heater does not ignite, it is first necessary to determine the cause of the malfunction.

Step-by-step instruction

In most cases, the following circumstances may be the cause of the malfunction.

Lack of traction. If the exhaust pipe for exhaust combustion products is clogged, the draft sensor will trigger and prevent the column from setting fire. In such cases, it is necessary to clean the exhaust gas outlet pipe.
The batteries are dead. If the heater has automatic ignition, then the cause of the malfunction may be dead batteries that do not have enough energy to start the fire. In this case, it is enough to replace the batteries with new ones and the breakdown will be eliminated.
Low water pressure. As you know, all modern water heaters are equipped with water pressure sensors and if the flow is not large enough, the heater does not turn on. The cause of this malfunction may be a clogged water filter, which is located before the water enters the column, or heavy deposits in the heat exchanger. This malfunction can be eliminated by cleaning the filter or heat exchanger, depending on what is clogged.
Also, the cause of a non-working column may be clogged gas nozzles, a heat exchanger clogged with carbon deposits, faulty sensors, etc. To eliminate such breakdowns by elimination, you must start by cleaning all possible heater components and gradually move towards replacing the sensors.

Sounds when turned on - how to fix it

One of the most common speaker malfunctions can be popping noises when turned on. Initially, they are not strong and they are not given much importance, but each time they become more intense and at one fine moment they can slam so hard that windows fall out or the chimney breaks. The following malfunctions are the cause of these pops.

Lack of draft in the pipe for removal of waste combustion products.
Inoperative arson retardant.
The batteries are dead (in speakers with automatic ignition).
The position of the spark plug is faulty.

You can partially fix such faults yourself, but some are recommended to be fixed with the help of a gas service specialist.

Step-by-step instruction

Popping noises when the column is set on fire are eliminated as follows.

Chimney cleaning.
Replacing batteries.

Replacing gaskets

One of the reasons for column leakage may be gasket wear. Also, one of the reasons for gas leakage from the heater is wear of the gasket.

Step-by-step instruction

Replacing gaskets consists of the following steps.

It is necessary to shut off the gas and water supply to the heater.
Burn out the remaining gas and drain the water.
Unscrew the heat exchanger from the water supply pipes and remove the old gaskets. Then install new gaskets and screw the radiator in the reverse order.
Afterwards, you need to unscrew the column of the gas line, remove the old gaskets, install new ones and screw the heater back on.

It is not recommended to use homemade pads made from improvised materials, as this can lead to bad consequences. It is better to purchase gaskets in specialized stores and of good quality.

When starting to repair a geyser, you should remember that this is a high-risk device and requires unconditional compliance with safety rules. Also, when repairing heaters, you should adhere to the following recommendations.

For any repairs, turn off the gas and water supply to the device itself.
Use high-quality components and parts purchased in specialized stores.
After dismantling the heater or its components, carefully check the connections for leaks when reinstalling them.
You should not repair a column if you have no idea how it works and what causes the breakdown.

It should also be remembered that if the repair is unsuccessful, the column may fail and cannot be repaired, so you should be meticulous in approaching this process.

The geyser should last long enough. It is only important to properly care for it and perform all the necessary actions indicated in the instructions.

But when a breakdown occurs, you need to know who should repair the gas water heater.

Characteristic

The internal part of a gas water heater is considered the same type. If you look at the device from other companies, there are no significant differences. The difference lies in certain options, for example, the presence of a second temperature sensor, or a display.

There is a special heat exchanger in the inside of the device. It is a tube with a ribbed texture made of copper. It is along it that the flow of water moves.

During a breakdown, many are interested in what to choose: do-it-yourself repair or call a specialist. Both options should be considered.

To eliminate bad smell(this may indicate a gas leak), it is necessary to repair the device. Most often they call the experts.

You can contact Gorgaz employees. But there is a high risk that they will not come due to workload. Sometimes the reason for refusal is that renovation work should be carried out by the company that installed the relevant equipment.

Note! If you turn to a company for help, make sure that it has all the certificates that allow it to carry out repair work.

Today there are many companies that do not have supporting documents. Therefore, if you see the incompetence of the master, refuse his services. back side is that often such companies charge twice the actual value from you.

The second option is to repair the geyser yourself. Not all problems can be resolved on your own. But, if you know how to work with tools, then repair work will not seem difficult to you.

Adjustment

It is worth noting that common problems geysers are due to incorrect adjustment. You should not leave the factory setting if you can configure it yourself.

In this case, use the instructions for repairing the gas water heater:

you should set the handle for supplying gas and water to the minimum value;
then open the taps to supply gas and water;
then you should open the hot water tap, adjusting the pressure. To do this, use the handle on the equipment;
you should wait 1-2 minutes, then measure the value temperature regime. Then increase the flame to the optimal value;
after reaching optimal conditions renovation work needs to be completed. Now you can safely use the device.

Pressure

If you're asking what you can repair yourself, then it's pressure. After all, problems can often arise. The device may also not start at all. To a large extent it depends on the pressure.

You can fix the problem in one of the following ways:

at high blood pressure systems, you can either change the inlet valve or install a pressure regulator;
if the system pressure is low, then it is necessary to change the membrane. After all, there is a high probability that it is clogged.

Important! When the membrane fails, the equipment most often fails and ceases to function normally. The unit stops responding to water pressure.

Scale

The most time-consuming part is cleaning the main pipe. After all, with barely warm water, when the gas handle is squeezed all the way, you can draw conclusions about possible blockage. During this period, heat is transferred rather poorly.

Due to poor water quality, users often encounter problems such as scale. This negatively affects the operation of the equipment, their thermal conductivity decreases significantly, and gas consumption increases significantly.

Before starting work, you need to check the inlet tap and valve. Perhaps this is the reason for the deterioration in functional performance.

No ignition

Another reason for breakdowns can occur due to several reasons. The column does not light up when any of the following reasons are present.

In the absence of normal draft in the chimney, this situation may occur. This is one of the most common and simple reasons. If the chimney is clogged, there is no draft and the heater cannot ignite normally.

To check the malfunction, you need to bring a napkin, or just a piece of paper, to the chimney. When trembling, the craving for in perfect order. If there is no trepidation, you should start cleaning the chimney.

Perhaps the reason for the non-ignition is the discharge of certain power components. This could also be due to a faulty wire or igniter unit. To correct this situation, you need to insert the battery and also check the electrical ignition system.

The equipment may also turn off spontaneously, and the water heater often leaks. The last problem occurs due to the long operating time of the device.

conclusions

There are a number of cases where independent repair work is acceptable. In this case, you must be especially careful. After all, if done poorly or if there are errors, people may suffer.

If you are unsure of your qualifications, then you need to contact specialists.

Photo of the geyser repair process

Such a complex device as a geyser serves quite for a long time, care and operation are carried out according to the instructions supplied with this unit. But all things deteriorate and sometimes minor or major repairs of geysers or their prevention are necessary. As well as replacing some components of the gas water heater.

Description of the unit

The internal structure of instantaneous gas water heaters is the same and almost no different at different manufacturers. The main difference may be in additional options (display, automatic gas ignition, second temperature sensor, etc.), in appearance device or design.

A heat exchanger is installed inside - a finned copper tube through which the water flow moves. The burner located under the heat exchanger heats the tube and the water passing inside it heats up. When the water pressure is low or absent, the incoming flow is blocked by a valve (curtain), to which a spark ignition switch is attached. This is done for fire safety.

Call a professional or repair it yourself

We call the master

To repair a faulty geyser or prevent a gas leak (if you smell it), you need to call a geyser repair specialist. But if you decide to call Gorgaz workers, then do not think that they will come right away; sometimes they refuse to come, citing the fact that the repairs should be carried out by the company (or store) that installed the gas water heater.

Attention! Contact only companies that have the necessary certificates to work with this equipment.

Nowadays many “leftist” companies have divorced and calling employees of such organizations to their homes brings a number of other problems. Many craftsmen, seeing your incompetence in this area, find non-existent malfunctions of the gas water heater or deliberately inflate prices.

DIY geyser repair

To increase safety, the public is instructed that malfunctions associated with gas equipment were eliminated by employees of the relevant service. But there are problems that you can fix yourself. If you know how to hold a tool in your hands, you can repair a geyser with your own hands.

It's not very difficult if you know typical problems these water heaters. Below we will talk about the most common of them and tell you how to fix this or that breakdown. Let's start by setting up the unit.

Adjusting the burner flame height - the closer to the maximum, the hotter the water.
Adjusting the water flow - the closer to the maximum, the greater the flow, therefore, the colder the water.
Winter/Summer - mode of using the speaker in different times of the year. In winter the power is greater than in summer.

Not all craftsmen know how to properly set up a gas water heater and simply do not do it, leaving it as it is (by default). But we do not recommend leaving the settings at the factory settings and making adjustments yourself.

Temperature setting

Set the gas and water supply knob on the heater to minimum.
Open the gas and water supply valves on the pipelines.
Open the hot water tap and adjust the water pressure you need using the handle on the gas water heater.
Wait 1-2 minutes and measure the temperature. Using the gas supply knob on the column, increase the flame, thereby increasing the water temperature to the desired temperature.
When the water temperature is comfortable, you can leave all adjustments alone and use the water.

In the future, you can adjust the temperature using another knob (supplying heated water).

Pressure setting

When adjusting the column, sometimes unpleasant moments arise. The new column either turns on at very low pressure, or does not want to start at all. This depends on increased or decreased water pressure in the pipeline and is eliminated in the following ways.

With our water quality, heat exchangers in geysers become clogged with scale quite quickly and very strongly, which reduces their thermal conductivity and increases gas consumption.

The longest process in terms of time is cleaning the main tube(radiator) from deposits arising during heating tap water. If you turn the gas knob all the way and the water coming out is barely warm, this indicates a clogged heat exchanger regular scale, which transfers heat poorly.

This happens quite often if the gas water heater does not have automatic ignition (with a igniter). Scale also forms if you set the water heating temperature too high. The unit overheats, the tube (radiator) heats up to 80-850, which contributes to the rapid (a little more than an hour) formation of scale. Isn't it better to just turn off the speaker in time? Then there will be no problems, because 40-600 is enough for all washing and washing processes.

Before starting work on the heat exchanger, check the inlet tap or valve. Maybe the whole reason is that they are clogged. But if they are working properly, it is necessary to get rid of deposits in the tube.

There are two ways to solve the scale issue. We will consider both options.

Auto

The Cillit KalkEx cleaning system does its job quite well. With its help you can quickly descale any boilers. Unfortunately, it is not very accessible to ordinary users of geysers.

This is an expensive method using a special device(Cillit KalkEx) and a set of special preparations for washing. Your speaker doesn't even need to be removed from the wall. You just need to disconnect the water hoses (inlet/outlet).

The purification device is connected to the column, and it circulates the heated reagents in a closed cycle (in a circle). The scale decomposes under their influence, is washed out and drained.

Manual

Cheap, but long and labor-intensive process. To do this, it is necessary to disassemble the water heater almost completely and then wash it manually.

They will help us with this following materials and tools:

open-end wrenches (set);
screwdrivers (phillips and regular);
paronite gaskets (set);
rubber hose;
vinegar essence or anti-scale agent.

Disassembling the gas apparatus

To remove the heat exchanger, proceed in the following order:

First, we block the access to cold water;
then we remove external elements, preventing disassembly (knobs of switches, regulators);
remove the casing, and to do this, unscrew the screws located on the rear wall of the unit, lift and remove the cover;
open the “hot” tap;
unscrew the supply tube from the heat exchanger and move it aside;

Flushing the system

After the water has completely drained, we put the hose on the heat exchanger tube and raise it above the level of the column. Slowly pour the solution we prepared into the hose and leave the column for 4-6 hours.

Next, you need to slightly open the water supply tap and observe the water that will come out of the column, if you see a lot of scale, it means our work was not in vain - we got rid of it. If there is no scale in the outlet water, then we repeat the whole process again.

Geyser does not light up

A water heater failure can occur for many reasons. We list the most likely of them:
The simplest reason for this problem is the lack of normal draft in the chimney. If the chimney is clogged and there is no “draft” in it, then the column may not ignite.
To check the malfunction, you can bring a piece of newspaper, a napkin or a lit match to the chimney. If they flutter, then the thrust is fine. Otherwise, you will need to clean the chimney.
If the device (only in units with automatic ignition from batteries or electrical network) does not ignite, then the fault is due to the batteries being discharged or the wires or igniter unit being faulty. Eliminated by inserting batteries or checking the electric ignition system.

Failure of the igniter system to operate may occur due to poor pressure water. Open any tap with cold water and check the pressure, if it is weak, then you can call the housing office and find out what the problem is.

If the column does not light up when water is supplied or turns on only when the pressure is very high, then the problem is most likely in the membrane, which, due to wear, reacts poorly to the water passing through it. In this case, it must be replaced.

The geyser turns off spontaneously

A temperature sensor is installed on each gas water heater, which ensures that the water heater does not overheat if it fails. The speaker may turn off spontaneously during operation. It usually looks like this:

After normal operation, for some time, the heater “stalls” for about 20 minutes. After this time, it can be turned on for the same period of time. The malfunction is usually seasonal and appears only in summer or winter when the windows are closed.

The device turns off when it wants and then does not light up. This can happen when the sensor wire is shorted to the body. Check the wires to ensure they are intact and well insulated.

In order to check the sensor itself for functionality, you should remove two contacts from it and short-circuit it with a needle, a paper clip, or a piece of tin. If the gas appliance turns on and works, the sensor must be changed.

The water heater is leaking

If you see similar stains on your column, then be sure that it is leaking and needs repair.

This malfunction can occur mainly in geysers that have been operating for a long time. The two main reasons for the leak are:

The radiator is leaking.

Tubes (bends) or gaskets in connections are cracked.
Replacing the radiator or taps is quite expensive. Therefore, there is a reason to repair the geyser on your own. For repairs you need:

screwdrivers (cross and regular);
open-end wrenches (set);
solder with rosin;
vacuum cleaner;
solvent;
"skin".

Sealing holes

Due to harsh operating conditions, the radiator or taps may burn out and holes may appear on them. If you have determined where the leak is, you can repair the small hole with a regular soldering iron.

Preparing a gas water heater for repair

Drain all liquid from the system - open only the hot water tap, unscrew the nut on the cold water inlet pipe, and most of the water will flow out;
Remove the radiator completely;
Inspect the entire tube. - if you see “green”, clean and inspect these places for cracks.

When you have found leaks, you need to do the following:

clean the holes found with sandpaper and immediately wipe with a cloth with solvent (this will remove any remaining grease, carbon deposits and dirt);
using rosin with solder, tin this place with a 100-watt hoop (if you don’t have rosin, use aspirin);
Fill the crack or hole with solder, and after it cools, add more tin (the layer should be 1-2 mm).

Attention! In some cases, with holes of about 5 cm, craftsmen apply a “temporary” overlay made of a copper or aluminum plate, securing it with thick wire or metal tape. But as a rule, such a “temporary” solution remains for a long time. We recommend replacing the radiator completely and forgetting about its leaks

Faulty gaskets and tubes

Replacing flexible hoses of this type does not require special skills; anyone can do it with a wrench.

Very often, leaks form at the points where the taps are connected to the heater externally or to the internal components of the column. All connections are made “American” with gaskets inside.

Due to constant heating/cooling, rubberized liners either melt or lose their properties and harden. Cracks appear in them, through which water flows.
If you notice a gas column leak in such connections, replace the gaskets. Using a wrench (usually 24), unscrew the nut and replace it.

It also happens that the flanges on the tubes crack over time - in in this case you need to replace the entire tubes.

The gas water heater turns on with a bang

Be sure to change the batteries in the gas water heater on time, because if they are dead, your water heater will start making popping noises when turned on. Also, due to dead batteries, the speaker may turn off spontaneously.

These sounds when turned on and during operation indicate the following:

due to the low gas pressure, some air got inside the system (into the burner), which caused a micro-explosion;
the flame breaks out due to the high gas pressure;
nozzle clogged;
low ventilation draft;
The batteries are low.

On your own, you can only fix the malfunctions described in the last two paragraphs.

Geyser does not heat water well

This can happen for several reasons.

The simplest reason is incorrectly selected gas water heater. You saved money and bought a low-power heater that is unable to satisfy your hot water needs.
The second reason is low gas pressure in the pipes (in the apartment). Call a gas technician to check the system.
The third reason is a common blockage (nozzle, filters, scale, hoses, etc.), some types of which are described above. You can check this by the color of the fire, which changes from time to time. This is evidenced by the presence of soot.

You can only adjust the temperature and clean the column yourself.

Remember! Self-adjustment geyser and troubleshooting requires special care. If the work is performed poorly, not only you, but also completely innocent people may suffer. If you have the slightest doubt in your abilities, you should turn to gas service professionals.