We present to your attention short biography of Sergei Yesenin. We will tell you briefly about the main thing from the short but bright life of the wonderful Russian poet, whose name is on a par with, and.
Brief biography of Yesenin
Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin was born in 1895 in the village of Konstantinovo, Ryazan province. His parents were peasants, and besides Sergei, they had two daughters: Ekaterina and Alexandra.
In 1904, Sergei Yesenin entered the zemstvo school in his native village, and in 1909 he began his studies at the parish school in Spas-Klepiki.
Having a hot-tempered and restless character, Yesenin came to Moscow on an autumn day in 1912 in search of happiness. First, he got a job in a butcher shop, and then began working in the printing house of I.D. Sytin.
Since 1913, he became a volunteer student at the University named after A. L. Shanyavsky and made friends with the poets of the Surikov literary and musical circle. It must be said that this was of greater importance in the further formation of the personality of the future star in the firmament of Russian literature.
Special features of Sergei Yesenin The beginning of creativity
Sergei Yesenin's first poems were published in the children's magazine Mirok in 1914.
This seriously influenced his biography, but after a few months he left for Petrograd, where he made important acquaintances with A. Blok, S. Gorodetsky, N. Klyuev and other outstanding poets of his time.
Yesenin reads poetry to his mother After a short time, a collection of poems called “Radunitsa” was published. Yesenin also collaborates with Socialist Revolutionary magazines. The poems “Transfiguration”, “Octoechos” and “Inonia” are published in them.
After three years, that is, in 1918, the poet returned to, where, together with Anatoly Mariengof, he became one of the founders of the Imagists.
Having started writing the famous poem “Pugachev,” he traveled to many significant and historical places: the Caucasus, Solovki, Murmansk, Crimea, and even got to Tashkent, where he stayed with his friend, the poet Alexander Shiryaevets.
It is believed that it was in Tashkent that his performances before the public at poetry evenings began.
IN short biography It is difficult for Sergei Yesenin to contain all the adventures that happened to him during these travels.
In 1921, a serious change occurred in Yesenin’s life, as he married the famous dancer Isadora Duncan.
After the wedding, the couple went on a trip to Europe and America. However, soon after returning from abroad, the marriage to Duncan broke up.
The last days of Yesenin
The last few years of his life, the poet worked hard, as if he had a presentiment of his imminent death. He traveled a lot around the country and went to the Caucasus three times.
In 1924, he traveled to Azerbaijan, and then to Georgia, where his works “Poem of the Twenty-Six”, “Anna Snegina”, “Persian Motifs” and a collection of poems “Red East” were published.
When the October Revolution occurred, it gave the work of Sergei Yesenin a new, special strength. Singing love for the motherland, he, one way or another, touches on the theme of revolution and freedom.
It is conventionally believed that in the post-revolutionary period there were two great poets: Sergei Yesenin and. During their lifetime, they were stubborn rivals, constantly competing in talent.
Although no one allowed themselves to make vile statements towards their opponent. Compilers of Yesenin’s biography often quote his words:
“I still love Koltsov, and I love Blok. I’m just learning from them and Pushkin. What can you say about Mayakovsky? He knows how to write - that’s true, but is this poetry, poetry? I don't love him. He has no order. Things climb on top of things. From poetry there should be order in life, but with Mayakovsky everything is like after an earthquake, and the corners of all things are so sharp that it hurts the eyes.”
Death of Yesenin
On December 28, 1925, Sergei Yesenin was found dead in the Leningrad Angleterre Hotel. By official version he hanged himself after being treated for some time in a neuropsychiatric hospital.
It must be said that, given the poet’s long-term depression, such a death was not news to anyone.
However, at the end of the twentieth century, thanks to lovers of Yesenin’s work, new data from the biography and death of Yesenin began to emerge.
It's difficult to establish due to the length of time exact events those days, but the version that Yesenin was killed and then only staged a suicide looks quite reliable. We will probably never know how it really happened.
Yesenin's biography, like his poems, is filled with a deep experience of life and all its paradoxes. The poet managed to feel and convey on paper all the features of the Russian soul.
Undoubtedly, he can be safely classified as one of the great Russian poets, called a subtle connoisseur of Russian life, as well as an amazing artist of words.
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin. Born on September 21 (October 3), 1895 in the village of Konstantinovo, Ryazan province - died on December 28, 1925 in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg). Great Russian poet, representative of new peasant poetry and lyrics, as well as imagism.
Born in the village of Konstantinovo, Kuzminsky volost, Ryazan district, Ryazan province, into a peasant family.
Father - Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1873-1931).
Mother - Tatyana Fedorovna Titova (1875-1955).
Sisters - Ekaterina (1905-1977), Alexandra (1911-1981).
In 1904, Yesenin went to the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School, after which in 1909 he began his studies at the parish second-grade teacher's school (now the S. A. Yesenin Museum) in Spas-Klepiki. After graduating from school, in the fall of 1912, Yesenin left home, then arrived in Moscow, worked in a butcher shop, and then in the printing house of I. D. Sytin. In 1913, he entered the historical and philosophical department of the Moscow City People's University named after A. L. Shanyavsky as a volunteer student. He worked in a printing house and was friends with the poets of the Surikov literary and musical circle.
In 1914, Yesenin's poems were first published in the children's magazine Mirok.
In 1915, Yesenin came from Moscow to Petrograd, read his poems to S. M. Gorodetsky and other poets. In January 1916, Yesenin was drafted into the war and, thanks to the efforts of his friends, he received an appointment (“with the highest permission”) as an orderly on the Tsarskoe Selo military hospital train No. 143 of Her Imperial Majesty the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. At this time, he became close to the group of “new peasant poets” and published the first collections (“Radunitsa” - 1916), which made him very famous. Together with Nikolai Klyuev he often performed, including before Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and her daughters in Tsarskoe Selo.
In 1915-1917, Yesenin maintained friendly relations with the poet Leonid Kannegiser, who later killed the chairman of the Petrograd Cheka, Uritsky.
Yesenin's acquaintance with Anatoly Mariengof and his active participation in the Moscow group of imagists dates back to 1918 - early 1920s.
During the period of Yesenin’s passion for imagism, several collections of the poet’s poems were published - “Treryadnitsa”, “Confession of a Hooligan” (both 1921), “Poems of a Brawler” (1923), “Moscow Tavern” (1924), the poem “Pugachev”.
In 1921, the poet, together with his friend Yakov Blumkin, traveled to Central Asia, visited the Urals and the Orenburg region. From May 13 to June 3, he stayed in Tashkent with his friend and poet Alexander Shiryaevets. There Yesenin spoke to the public several times, read poems at poetry evenings and in the houses of his Tashkent friends. According to eyewitnesses, Yesenin loved to visit the old city, teahouses of the old city and Urda, listen to Uzbek poetry, music and songs, and visit the picturesque surroundings of Tashkent with his friends. He also made a short trip to Samarkand.
In the fall of 1921, in the workshop of G. B. Yakulov, Yesenin met a dancer, whom he married six months later. After the wedding, Yesenin and Duncan traveled to Europe (Germany, France, Belgium, Italy) and to the USA (4 months), where he stayed from May 1922 to August 1923. The Izvestia newspaper published Yesenin’s notes about America “Iron Mirgorod”. The marriage to Duncan ended shortly after their return from abroad.
In the early 1920s, Yesenin was actively involved in book publishing, as well as selling books in a bookstore he rented on Bolshaya Nikitskaya, which occupied almost all of the poet’s time. In the last years of his life, Yesenin traveled a lot around the country. He visited the Caucasus three times, went to Leningrad several times, and Konstantinovo seven times.
In 1924-1925, Yesenin visited Azerbaijan, published a collection of poems in the Krasny Vostok printing house, and was published in a local publishing house. There is a version that here, in May 1925, the poetic “Message to the Evangelist Demyan” was written. Lived in the village of Mardakan (a suburb of Baku). Currently, his house-museum and memorial plaque are located here.
In 1924, Yesenin decided to break with imagism due to disagreements with A. B. Mariengof. Yesenin and Ivan Gruzinov published an open letter about the dissolution of the group.
Sharply critical articles about him began to appear in newspapers, accusing him of drunkenness, rowdy behavior, fights and other antisocial behavior, although the poet, with his behavior (especially in the last years of his life), sometimes himself gave grounds for this kind of criticism. Several criminal cases were opened against Yesenin, mainly on charges of hooliganism; The Case of Four Poets, associated with the accusation of Yesenin and his friends of anti-Semitic statements, is also known.
The Soviet government was worried about Yesenin's health. Thus, in a letter from Rakovsky dated October 25, 1925, Rakovsky asks “to save the life of the famous poet Yesenin - undoubtedly the most talented in our Union,” suggesting: “invite him to your place, treat him well and send with him to the sanatorium a comrade from the GPU, who I wouldn’t let him get drunk...” On the letter is Dzerzhinsky’s resolution addressed to his close comrade, secretary, manager of the affairs of the GPU V.D. Gerson: “M. b., could you study?” Next to it is Gerson’s note: “I called repeatedly but could not find Yesenin.”
At the end of November 1925, Sofya Tolstaya agreed with the director of the paid psychoneurological clinic of Moscow University, Professor P. B. Gannushkin, about the poet’s hospitalization in his clinic. Only a few people close to the poet knew about this. On December 21, 1925, Yesenin left the clinic, canceled all powers of attorney at the State Publishing House, withdrew almost all the money from the savings book and a day later left for Leningrad, where he stayed at No. 5 of the Angleterre Hotel.
In Leningrad last days Yesenin's life is marked by meetings with N.A. Klyuev, G.F. Ustinov, Ivan Pribludny, V.I. Erlikh, I.I. Sadofyev, N.N. Nikitin and other writers.
Personal life of Sergei Yesenin:
In 1913, Sergei Yesenin met Anna Romanovna Izryadnova, who worked as a proofreader in the printing house of the I. D. Sytin Partnership, where Yesenin went to work. In 1914 they entered into a civil marriage. On December 21, 1914, Anna Izryadnova gave birth to a son named Yuri (shot on false charges in 1937).
In 1917, he met and on July 30 of the same year got married in the village of Kiriki-Ulitha, Vologda province, with a Russian actress, future wife directed by V. E. Meyerhold. The groom's guarantors were Pavel Pavlovich Khitrov, a peasant from the village of Ivanovskaya, Spasskaya volost, and Sergei Mikhailovich Baraev, a peasant from the village of Ustya, Ustyanskaya volost, and the bride's guarantors were Alexey Alekseevich Ganin and Dmitry Dmitrievich Devyatkov, a merchant's son from the city of Vologda. The wedding took place in the building of the Passage Hotel. From this marriage were born a daughter, Tatyana (1918-1992), a journalist and writer, and a son, Konstantin (1920-1986), a civil engineer, football statistician and journalist. At the end of 1919 (or at the beginning of 1920), Yesenin left the family, and Zinaida Reich, who was pregnant with her son (Konstantin), was left with her one-and-a-half-year-old daughter, Tatyana. On February 19, 1921, the poet filed for divorce, in which he undertook to provide for them financially (the divorce was officially filed in October 1921). Subsequently, Yesenin repeatedly visited his children adopted by Meyerhold.
From his first collections of poetry (“Radunitsa”, 1916; “Rural Book of Hours”, 1918) he appeared as a subtle lyricist, a master of deeply psychologized landscape, a singer of peasant Rus', an expert on the folk language and the folk soul.
In 1919-1923 he was a member of the Imagist group. A tragic attitude and mental confusion are expressed in the cycles “Mare’s Ships” (1920), “Moscow Tavern” (1924), and the poem “The Black Man” (1925). In the poem “The Ballad of the Twenty-Six” (1924), dedicated to the Baku commissars, the collection “Soviet Rus'” (1925), and the poem “Anna Snegina” (1925), Yesenin sought to comprehend “the commune-raised Rus',” although he continued to feel like a poet of “Leaving Rus'” ", "golden log hut". Dramatic poem “Pugachev” (1921).
In 1920, Yesenin lived with his literary secretary Galina Benislavskaya. Throughout his life he met her several times, sometimes lived at Benislavskaya’s house, until his marriage to S. A. Tolstoy in the fall of 1925.
In 1921, from May 13 to June 3, the poet stayed in Tashkent with his friend, Tashkent poet Alexander Shiryaevets. At the invitation of the director of the Turkestan Public Library, on May 25, 1921, Yesenin spoke in the library at a literary evening organized by his friends in front of the audience of the “Art Studio”, which existed at the library. Yesenin arrived in Turkestan in the carriage of his friend Kolobov, a senior employee of the NKPS. He lived on this train throughout his stay in Tashkent, then on this train he traveled to Samarkand, Bukhara and Poltoratsk (present-day Ashgabat). On June 3, 1921, Sergei Yesenin left Tashkent and on June 9, 1921 returned to Moscow. By coincidence, most of the life of the poet’s daughter Tatyana was spent in Tashkent.
In the fall of 1921, in the workshop of G. B. Yakulov, Yesenin met the dancer Isadora Duncan, whom he married on May 2, 1922. At the same time, Yesenin did not speak English, and Duncan could barely express herself in Russian. Immediately after the wedding, Yesenin accompanied Duncan on tours in Europe (Germany, Belgium, France, Italy) and the USA. Usually, when describing this union, authors note its love-scandal side, but these two artists were undoubtedly brought together by their creative relationship. However, their marriage was brief, and in August 1923 Yesenin returned to Moscow.
In 1923, Yesenin became acquainted with the actress Augusta Miklashevskaya, to whom he dedicated seven heartfelt poems from the series “The Love of a Hooligan.” In one of the lines, the name of the actress is obviously encrypted: “Why does your name ring like August coolness?” It is noteworthy that in the fall of 1976, when the actress was already 85, in a conversation with literary critics, Augusta Leonidovna admitted that her affair with Yesenin was platonic and she did not even kiss the poet.
On May 12, 1924, Yesenin had a son, Alexander, after an affair with the poetess and translator Nadezhda Volpin - later a famous mathematician and figure in the dissident movement, Yesenin’s only living child.
On September 18, 1925, Yesenin married for the third (and last) time - to Sofya Andreevna Tolstoy (1900-1957), the granddaughter of L. N. Tolstoy, at that time the head of the library of the Writers' Union. This marriage also did not bring happiness to the poet and soon broke up. Restless loneliness became one of the main reasons for Yesenin’s tragic end. After the poet’s death, Tolstaya devoted her life to collecting, preserving, describing and preparing for publication Yesenin’s works, and left memoirs about him.
According to the memoirs of N. Sardanovsky and the poet’s letters, Yesenin was a vegetarian for some time.
Death of Sergei Yesenin:
On December 28, 1925, Yesenin was found dead in the Leningrad Angleterre Hotel. His last poem - “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...” - according to Wolf Ehrlich, was given to him the day before: Yesenin complained that there was no ink in the room, and he was forced to write with his own blood.
According to the version that is now generally accepted among academic researchers of Yesenin’s life, the poet, in a state of depression (a week after finishing treatment in a psychoneurological hospital), committed suicide (hanged himself).
After a civil funeral service at the Union of Poets in Leningrad, Yesenin’s body was transported by train to Moscow, where a farewell ceremony was also held at the House of Press with the participation of relatives and friends of the deceased. He was buried on December 31, 1925 in Moscow at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.
Neither immediately after Yesenin’s death, nor in the next few decades after the poet’s death, no other versions of his death other than suicide were put forward.
In the 1970-1980s, versions arose about the murder of the poet, followed by the staging of Yesenin’s suicide (as a rule, OGPU employees are accused of organizing the murder). Investigator of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, retired colonel Eduard Khlystalov, contributed to the development of this version. The version of Yesenin’s murder has penetrated into popular culture: in particular, it is presented in artistic form in the television series “Yesenin” (2005).
In 1989, under the auspices of the Gorky IMLI, the Yesenin Commission was created under the chairmanship of the Soviet and Russian Yesenin scholar Yu. L. Prokushev; at her request, a number of examinations were carried out, which led to the following conclusion: “the now published “versions” of the murder of the poet with the subsequent staging of hanging, despite some discrepancies... are a vulgar, incompetent interpretation of special information, sometimes falsifying the results of the examination” (from the official response of Professor of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Doctor of Medical Sciences B. S. Svadkovsky to the request of the Chairman of the Commission Yu. L. Prokushev). Versions of Yesenin’s murder are considered late fiction or “unconvincing” by other biographers of the poet.
Yesenin was born on September 21, 1895 in the village of Konstantinovka, Ryazan province. The poet dedicated most of his work to the common people, the Russian village, where he himself was from. Yesenin's family was poor; his parents belonged to a peasant family and therefore worked a lot. The poet's father, Alexander Nikitich, worked in a butcher shop, and then received the position of clerk in Moscow. Yesenin's mother Tatyana Fedorovna got a job in Ryazan. As a result, the poet’s parents decided to separate. But a few years later they got together again, and Yesenin had two sisters.
In 1904, Yesenin began studying at the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School. The poet's behavior left much to be desired; once he was even retained for a second year. But Yesenin still graduated from school with high marks. His parents wanted him to become a teacher. Therefore, Yesenin began his studies at the parochial school in Spas-Klepiki. After graduation teacher education the young poet decides to go to Moscow. There his father helps him get a job in a butcher shop, and later in a printing house.
From a young age, Yesenin has been creative. And in 1914, his poem “Birch” was published for the first time in the Mirok magazine. The young poet did not dare to sign it with his real name and used the pseudonym Ariston.
In 1916, Yesenin published his first book, “Radunitsa”. Gradually, fame comes to the poet. Even Empress Alexandra Feodorovna often invites Yesenin to Tsarskoe Selo to personally read his poems.
After the revolution of 1917, the poet released the poem “Transfiguration”, in which the slogans of the International can be traced. Then his books were published: “Dove” (1918) and the second edition of “Radunitsa” (1918).
In 1919, the period of imagism began in Yesenin’s work. Then the following were written: “Sorokoust” (1920), the poem “Pugachev” (1921), the treatise “The Keys of Mary” (1919).
In 1924, one of the poet’s best lyric poems, “Letter to Mother,” was written. He dedicated it to his mother. In the same year, the collection “Persian Motifs” was published.
Sergei Yesenin traveled a lot. He visited both Europe and Central Asia, and even lived in America for some time. The poet was also in the Caucasus. His collection “Red East” is published here.
After 1924, Yesenin’s health deteriorated, he began to drink a lot, started fights and scandals in drinking establishments. Several criminal cases were even initiated, but they were later closed.
Sergei Yesenin was married several times. His first wife Anna Izryadnova gave birth to his son Yuri, his second wife Zinaida Reich gave birth to two children at once - Konstantin and Tatyana. But these unions did not last long. It is believed that the poet's greatest love was the American dancer Isadora Duncan. The poet met her in 1921. They traveled together throughout Europe and America. But after returning to Russia they broke up. The last wife was Sofia Tolstaya, but the marriage also broke up. There were many women in the poet’s life, one of them was Galina Benislavskaya. She was always close to the poet and was considered his personal secretary.
Everyone knew that Yesenin drank a lot. In 1925, he even underwent treatment in a Moscow clinic, but did not complete it and moved to Leningrad. There he lived in a hotel, where he died. He died on February 28, 1925. The circumstances of his death are still unknown. Many believe it was murder. On the night before his death, the poet wrote his last poem, “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...”, which may still indicate his suicide. The poet was buried in Moscow at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.
Creation
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin lived a very short but fruitful life. His works are relevant today. They teach love and encourage thinking about spiritual life. 1895 is famous for the birth of Sergei Yesenin. In the fall of September 21, in the outback of the Ryazan region, the village of Konstantinovo, a future famous poet was born into a peasant family.
Yesenin spent a significant part of his childhood surrounded by his mother’s parents, where the poet became acquainted with books. Intelligence, education of relatives, grandmother's love for folk art captivated and inspired the teenager to create his first poems. At the age of five he could read and write freely.
Primary education of the future poet in 1904 - 1909. receives it at the Zemstvo School. Next stage: student of the church-teachers' school. Since 1912 the poet lives in Moscow, where he works as a printing worker. This period can be called time:
- fruitful work;
- acquaintance with Blok and creativity large quantity writers;
- receiving education at the Shanyavsky University since 1913;
- participation in meetings of the Surikov circle.
Yesenin's first poems were published in a children's magazine in 1914. From that time on, the poet's popularity began to grow. In 1918 - 1920, new collections were published: Confession of a Hooligan, Treryadnitsa, Moscow Tavern, Dove. The young creator's amorousness tied him into marriage different periods life with four charming women, to whom many works are dedicated.
From 1915-1917, Yesenin’s works were increasingly published in printed publications. Since 1920 the rise of late creativity begins. The poems Anna Snegina, Flowers, and the Persian Motifs cycle appear. People's favorite songs have been created based on the poet's poems. The poet's life ended suddenly on December 25, 1925. He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.
Grade 11. 3rd grade for children
Interesting biography of Yesenin by dates
The light of Russian poetry was born on September 21, 1895 in the distant Ryazan province (the village of Konstantinovo). Yesenin’s mother was a peasant, his father went to the capital to work and worked in a printing house. In addition to the son, there were two more sisters in the Yesenin family.
The Russian poet began his studies at the Zemstvo School, where he studied for five years. After graduating from college, the poet entered a parish school, and in 1913 he left his native province and went to Moscow with the goal of entering Shanyavsky University. During these years, Sergei Alexandrovich was already trying himself in the poetic field. During a visit to Petrograd, he found the opportunity to meet with the poet Alexander Blok, already popular in the northern capital, and recited his works to him. This meeting greatly helps him in his future work. There he begins to communicate with poets engaged in the new “new peasant” direction.
In Moscow, the poet lives on Bolshoy Strochenovsky Lane, serves as an assistant proofreader (reader) at the “Sytinskaya” printing house on Pyatnitskaya, where he meets his future partner, Anna Izryadnova. Their first child, Yuri, was born. In 1916, the poet’s first collection of poems, entitled “Radunitsa,” was published. It is he who brings fame to the poet. Yesenin’s main theme invariably remained the Motherland - peasant Rus', the love for which he carried throughout his entire short but bright life.
Since 1914, his works have been published in children's publications. Recognition quickly overtook the poet. His books “Dove” and “Transfiguration” are published. His works, albeit in a unique way, are noted by the great Maxim Gorky. Later, in the twenties, Yesenin became interested in another poetic trend - imagism, becoming one of the founders of this “order”, and published several collections in this style.
The poet's personal life was no less fascinating than his work. He did not live long with his first common-law wife, as he became very interested in Isadora Duncan, a bright and talented dancer with whom he traveled a lot. But the sudden passion that flared up just as quickly died down, the poet returned to Moscow, and later left for a trip to Transcaucasia. A collection of his poems “Persian Motifs”, poems “Letter to a Woman”, “Letter to a Mother” and “Departing Rus'” are being published.
Soon Yesenin marries Zinaida Reich, who gave him two children, but he too fell apart.
The last marriage - with Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy - was unhappy. He began to have problems with the authorities, criticism of his riotous lifestyle in the press took possession of the poet. alcohol addiction, a criminal case is opened against him. The concerned wife, with the help of Rakovsky, admits him to a paid clinic for mental patients.
On December 21, 1925, the poet left the hospital, taking all his savings, went to Leningrad, where a week later he was found dead in the Angleterre Hotel. According to one version, he hanged himself; according to another, the murder was organized by OGPU officers.
About the great poet
S.A. Yesenin was born in 1895, in the village of Konstantinovo. His parents were simple peasants. After five years of study at the zemstvo school, Yesenin entered the church school in Spas-Klepiki. In 1912, Sergei decides to leave his native home and leave for Moscow. There he gets a job in a butcher shop, after which he finds work in a printing house. A year later, the future poet entered the capital’s university as a volunteer student in history, in the philosophy department.
In 1914, the magazine Mirok published Yesenin’s poems. He decides to visit Petrograd to read his poems to A. Blok and other poets. There he published a collection of poems, “Radunitsa,” and it was this collection that made the author famous. Subsequently, he published such collections as “Confession of a Hooligan”, “Moscow Tavern” and others.
In 1921, Yesenin fell in love with the charming dancer Isadora Duncan and married her six months later. The lovers began traveling throughout Europe and the USA. But the happiness did not last long; upon arriving home they separated. During these years, he started selling books in a bookstore. Spent most of my time there. Before his death, the poet traveled around the Union. Visited the Caucasus, Leningrad, Konstantinovo and Azerbaijan. It was in Azerbaijan that he released his new collection “Red East”.
In 1924, a turning point occurred in Yesenin’s life. All the newspapers accuse him of drunkenness, hooliganism and the like. Afterwards, Sergei is placed in a psychiatric hospital, from where he later escapes. He withdraws all his cash from the book and leaves for Leningrad. Arriving in the city, he rents a hotel room. For several days he met with different poets.
On December 28, 1925, Yesenin’s hanged body is discovered in a hotel room. There were many disputes and assumptions, but most believe that Sergei Yesenin committed suicide. Yesenin subtly conveyed his feelings and experiences through poetry. He especially loved to write about the beauty of nature. His last poems seemed to speak of the poet’s imminent death. He writes poems “Letter to his sister”, “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye”, perhaps he felt the proximity of his death and said goodbye in this way.
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Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich (1895-1925) Russian poet.
Born in the village of Konstantinovo, Ryazan province, into a peasant family. From an early age, he was raised by his maternal grandfather, an enterprising and wealthy man, an expert in church books. He graduated from a four-year rural school, then from a church-teacher school in Spas-Klepiki. In 1912 Yesenin moved to Moscow, where his father worked for a merchant. He worked in a printing house, joined the literary and musical circle named after Surikov, and attended lectures at the Shanyavsky People's University.
Yesenin's poems first appeared in Moscow magazines in 1914. In 1915, he went to Petrograd, where he met A. Blok, S. Gorodetsky, N. Klyuev and other poets. Soon the first collection of his poems, “Radunitsa,” will be published. He collaborated in Socialist Revolutionary magazines, publishing in them the poems “Transfiguration”, “Octoechos”, “Inonia”.
In March 1918, the poet settled in Moscow again, where he became one of the founders of a group of imagists. In 1919-1921 traveled a lot (Solovki, Murmansk, Caucasus, Crimea). He worked on the dramatic poem “Pugachev”, in the spring of 1921 he went to the Orenburg steppes and reached Tashkent.
In 1922-1923 Together with the American dancer A. Duncan, who lived in Moscow, who became Yesenin’s wife, he visited Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Canada and the USA. In 1924-1925 visited Georgia and Azerbaijan three times, worked there with great enthusiasm and created “The Poem of the Twenty-Six,” “Anna Snegina,” and “Persian Motifs.”
Yesenin's best works vividly captured the spiritual beauty of the Russian person. Recognized as a most subtle lyricist, a wizard of the Russian landscape. Tragically died in 1925 in Leningrad.
According to the version accepted by most of the poet’s biographers, Yesenin, in a state of depression (a month after treatment in a psychoneurological hospital), committed suicide (hanged himself). For a long time no other versions of the event were expressed, but at the end of the 20th century, versions began to arise about the murder of the poet with the subsequent staging of his suicide, and possible reasons both the poet’s personal life and his work were mentioned.
I always look for biographies for school on this site, everything is very brief and to the point, and it’s very pleasing
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin born in the village of Konstantinova, Ryazan province, on October 3 (September 21), 1895, in the family of wealthy peasants Alexander Nikitich and Tatyana Fedorovna Yesenin. Because The poet's mother was married not of her own free will, but soon she and her young son went to live with her parents. After some time, Tatyana Fedorovna went to work in Ryazan, and Sergei remained in the care of the Titov grandparents. Sergei Yesenin’s grandfather was an expert in church books, and his grandmother knew many songs, fairy tales, ditties, and as the poet himself claimed, it was his grandmother who pushed him to write his first poems.
In 1904, S. A. Yesenin was sent to study at the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School. A few years later he entered the church-teachers' school.
In 1912, after graduating from school, Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin went to work in Moscow. There he gets a job at the printing house of I.D. Sytin as an assistant proofreader. Working in the printing house allowed the young poet to read many books and gave him the opportunity to become a member of the Surikov literary and musical circle. The poet’s first common-law wife, Anna Izryadnova, describes Yesenin in those years: “He was reputed to be a leader, attended meetings, distributed illegal literature. Pounced on books, that's all free time I read, I spent all my salary on books, magazines, I didn’t think at all about how to live...”
In 1913, S. A. Yesenin entered the Faculty of History and Philosophy of the Moscow City People's University. Shanyavsky. It was the country's first free university for students. There Sergei Yesenin listened to lectures on Western European literature and Russian poets.
But, in 1914, Yesenin gave up work and study, and, according to Anna Izryadnova, devoted himself entirely to poetry. In 1914, the poet's poems were first published in the children's magazine Mirok. In January, his poems begin to be published in the newspapers Nov, Parus, Zarya. In the same year, S. Yesenin and A. Izryadnova had a son, Yuri, who was shot in 1937.
In 1915, young Yesenin left Moscow and moved to Petrograd. There, many poets and writers of that time became acquainted with his work. His poems were read by A.A. Blok and S.M. Gorodetsky. At this time, Sergei Alexandrovich joined the group of so-called “new peasant poets” and published the first collection “Radunitsa”, which made the poet very famous.
In January 1916, Yesenin was called up to military service. In the spring, the young poet is invited to read poetry to the empress, which in the future will help him avoid the front.
In the spring of 1917, Sergei Yesenin met Zinaida Reich at the editorial office of the newspaper Delo Naroda. And in July of the same year they got married. At this time, the October Revolution was unfolding, which the poet accepted unconditionally.
In 1918, the second book of poems by S. A. Yesenin “Dove” was published in Petrograd.
From 1917 to 1921, Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin was married to actress Zinaida Nikolaevna Reich. From this marriage Yesenin had a daughter, Tatyana, and a son, Konstantin.
Already in April 1918, Yesenin broke up with Z. Reich and moved to Moscow, which by that time had become a literary center.
While living together with translator Nadezhda Volpin, Sergei Yesenin had a son, Alexander.
In 1921, the poet went on a trip to Central Asia, visited the Urals and Orenburg region.
In 1922, Yesenin married the famous American dancer Isadora Duncan. Soon he left with her on a long tour of Europe and America. The Izvestia newspaper published S. A. Yesenin’s notes about America “Iron Mirgorod”. The marriage of S. Yesenin and A. Duncan broke up shortly after returning from the tour.
In one of his last poems, “The Country of Scoundrels,” Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin writes very harshly about the leaders of Russia, which entails criticism and a ban on the poet’s publications.
In 1924, creative differences and personal motives prompted S. A. Yesenin to break with imagism and leave for Transcaucasia.
In the fall of 1925, Yesenin married Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter Sophia, but the marriage was not successful. At this time, he actively opposed Jewish dominance in Russia. The poet and his friends are accused of anti-Semetism, which is punishable by execution. Last year Yesenin spent his life in illness, wandering and drunkenness. Because of heavy drinking S. A. Yesenin spent some time at the psychoneurological clinic of Moscow University. However, due to persecution by law enforcement agencies, the poet was forced to leave the clinic. On December 23, Sergei Yesenin leaves Moscow for Leningrad. Stays at the Angleterre Hotel.
On the night of December 28, 1925, under unclear circumstances, a Russian singer, Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin, died.