To increase work efficiency, and therefore increase yield, the following is used attachments like harrows. Previously, horses were used to carry out work on the land, but today the harrow is hung on a walk-behind tractor (if the area is small) or to a tractor (if the area being cultivated is impressive). Therefore, a harrow for a walk-behind tractor is a very important device for any knowledgeable landowner, and if it is made with your own hands, then it is a source of pride. Let's tell you in more detail how harrowing is done using a walk-behind tractor, and how to make this device yourself.
Types of harrows for walk-behind tractors and their design
There are several types of harrows that differ in design and have a number of special features.
- Rotary
- Disk
- Dental
Rotary harrow
As for the rotary harrow for walk-behind tractors, its main advantage is good removal of the top layer of soil (soil). Using it to level the soil is also not a problem. The depth of processing with a harrow varies from 4 to 8 centimeters; the depth can be adjusted based on the specifics of the work.
The width of the harrow is also important; it takes into account not only the power of the walk-behind tractor, but also the size of the area being processed. Typically, this value ranges from 800 to 1400 mm. Such dimensions are due to the ability to work comfortably while maneuvering in a small area.
Rotary harrows from honest manufacturers are made of high-quality metal alloy, which allows you to operate the equipment for decades (with proper care and maintenance).
On high-quality harrows, the blade has an oblique shape, and the teeth are located at an angle to the soil, having optimal angle attack, for better cutting through the ground, leveling it and removing weed roots.
Disc harrow
A disc harrow is used on dry soil; functionally, it does the same work as a rotary harrow, but is fundamentally different in design. Here, the main processing elements are disks shaped like stars. They are installed on one axis at a certain angle, ensuring maximum penetration into the soil.
Tooth harrow
A tooth harrow is a frame on which teeth are located at an equally spaced distance. The standard length of the teeth is 25-50 mm. An example of such a harrow can be seen in the video below.
Do-it-yourself harrow for a walk-behind tractor (drawings)
In order to make a harrow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, first of all, you need to study the design of the device, drawings and decide on the dimensions.
What does a harrow consist of?
The design of the harrow is quite simple, the frame is made of metal square profile, coupling device, which attaches the harrow to the walk-behind tractor, and the teeth mounted on the frame. It is recommended not to weld the teeth, but to secure them with bolts, then if one of them breaks, it will be easier to replace.
Below are drawings of harrows that give an idea of the required dimensions, attachment points and general layout.
Homemade harrow
An example of a homemade harrow made from two smaller harrows rigidly connected to each other. For longitudinal movement, a hinge from a GAZ 53 car is used. In addition to the hinge and the standard towbar, the harrow is attached with two rods to ensure better performance.
Harrow for walk-behind tractor Neva
One of the leaders among small agricultural machinery. A harrow for the Neva is no different from harrows for other devices, and you can buy them everywhere.
Here is an example of a rotary harrow for the Neva and other walk-behind tractors, whose shaft diameter is 30 mm.
Rotary harrow RB-1.4 (two sections, 0.7 m each) for the Neva walk-behind tractor.
Designed for pre-sowing and post-harvest tillage.
Working width – 1.4 m;
Diameter – 350 mm;
The bushing diameter is 30 mm;
Tillage depth – up to 100 mm;
Weight of one section – 9 kg;
Video harrow
A rotary harrow mounted on a Neva walk-behind tractor in operation
Video about the structure of the harrow, its dimensions and use with the SICH walk-behind tractor
Proper harrowing
A harrow for a walk-behind tractor is an attachment that is used to crush the top layer of soil after plowing or simultaneously with it. Similar device used in the process of sowing seeds, as well as for leveling the ground after rough cultivation.
However, this unit is used infrequently. This is due to the fact that the majority of walk-behind tractors are of the cultivator type. Due to this, after cultivating the land, there is no need to harrow it. But when larger models are used, it is necessary to use harrows, in particular, after plowing virgin plots or green manure. Harrowing with a walk-behind tractor speeds up drying, as well as heating the top layer of soil. This allows for improved absorption from the ground beneficial properties planted plants, which increases the digestibility of fertilizers.
Such devices are divided into three types:
- Dental
- Disk
- Rotary
The harrow is intended for chopping earth
It is worth considering each type separately.
Tooth harrow
The tooth harrow, popular today, consists of several rows of teeth, thanks to which the soil is cultivated along with its loosening and leveling. The differences in these models are different quantities teeth Wide variants with 4 or more toothed rows are usually used.
Their use with walk-behind tractors belonging to the traction category is widespread. These include most models of the Neva brand, as well as MTZ. Such types have high traction with the road, due to which a significant longitudinal force is observed. The harrow is often used after processing the area with a tractor. At the same time, during operation, you can install special springs instead of teeth, which are less likely to break.
Disc harrow
They are active harrows. They are often used together with walk-behind tractors of the cultivator type. For use on traction, it is necessary to construct a special shaft designed for power take-off. The disc harrow allows you to process the soil by cutting it using rotating discs. Such products have different shapes, from regular rectangular to cup-shaped.
The latter are more labor-intensive to design, however, they allow the formation to be wrapped, due to which plowing is partially carried out. Due to this, they are used for shallow early processing top layer of soil before the rise of weeds and before sowing potatoes or grain. To improve soil preparation, as well as reduce the level of resistance during formation rotation, the edges of such disks have an uneven shape.
Rotary harrow
Such products are somewhat similar to cultivators and disc models. This is due to the presence of rotating gear elements that cut into the ground and turn over a certain part of it.
The rotary harrow has distinctive feature, which consists in a small depth of soil cultivation, as well as the presence of many working teeth. In this case, the disks are at right angles relative to the axis of rotation. In addition, the teeth have a slight bend. Its radius depends on the coefficient of adhesion that the wheels have with the ground. So, with increasing slip, the bending of the teeth should increase.
Tooth harrow
During operation, this will allow you to pierce the soil almost at a right angle. Thanks to this, good aeration will occur. When such teeth come out, they slightly pry up the soil, due to which small weeds that have not yet taken serious root are pulled out. The rotary harrow is used to cultivate the land, even if the plants have sprouted. In this case, there is no injury to large plants. Such models allow you to reduce the amount of fertilizer used, due to the fact that substances are well absorbed from the air during aeration, and root growth also improves.
Homemade tooth harrow
Do-it-yourself products differ in quality from devices produced in a factory. This is due to the fact that in factories, models are made from special structural steel that can withstand high levels of load. A homemade harrow of this type can easily be made if you have the appropriate components, as it has a very simple design. First of all, you can watch the video and make drawings that will give you an idea of the dimensions, components and the entire structure of the device. The materials you should take are strips of steel, square pipes, as well as corners.
The sequence of actions in creating tooth harrows is as follows:
- first with bottom side The metal strips are welded to the pipe, but so that their angle relative to each other is about 30°. In this case, the edges should protrude the same amount on both sides;
- Then a bushing is welded in the center, which is mounted to the walk-behind tractor using a pin. Here it is necessary to create the ability to adjust the level of lifting of the stand, which will change the depth of loosening;
- now the teeth themselves are bolted or welded to the edge of each installed strip;
- After this, a bushing is installed on the drawbar, to which a screw is attached to regulate the position of the teeth.
Important! It is required that the front as well as the rear tines penetrate the ground to the same depth.
As the length of these elements increases, their thickness must also increase, otherwise they may bend. Before installation, it is recommended to harden them and also sharpen them.
Homemade disc harrow
Considering how to do similar products, it is important to note that during soil cultivation they simultaneously perform several functions. For this reason, a power harrow for a walk-behind tractor has more complex design, and its production is quite labor-intensive.
A disc harrow for a mini tractor is a type of attachment and is designed for soil cultivation. This device loosens the soil, allows you to level the soil surface, destroys the crust, eliminates weeds, and protects the soil from drying out. Soil humidity must be at least 50%, otherwise dust will form, which is unacceptable for agricultural crops.
Disc harrow for mini tractor
A disc harrow is used when the tractor speed is no more than 7 km/h. In this case, the draft force of the tractor itself is used. When loosening the soil, the structure is used together with a plow to improve the harrowing process.
Disc harrows for tractors are used in regions where the soil moisture level is no more than 25%. This design consists of several disks located vertically at a slight angle to the main axis of the mechanism. At the same time, it becomes possible to adjust the depth and angle of tillage.
When the equipment is operating, the discs perform the function of a blade and a plowshare, which reduces the load on the tractor and effectively loosens the soil.
Such equipment is used in fields with a large amount of plant residues, while the grass is wound onto the disks and does not clog the space between them. Currently, these devices are sold for tractors with a width of 1100 mm or 1500 mm. Depending on the power of the minitractor, attachments with a certain number of disks are used.
Such equipment can be made at home from scrap materials.
Self-made structures have the following advantages:
- productivity increases to 2 ha/h;
- the design can perform many tasks;
- the mechanism has a large working width;
- Such attachments have a low cost.
How to make a disc harrow for a mini tractor with your own hands
Let's look at how a homemade disc harrow for a mini tractor is made.
First of all, you need to prepare the following materials:
- channel;
- corner;
- used car wheels;
- durable metal pipe;
- strong belt;
- disks;
- wheels of small diameter.
See » TOP 3 most popular models of Chinese Fighter mini tractors
A do-it-yourself harrow for a mini tractor is made from these materials.
The structure will consist of the following components:
- frame made of metal corners;
- disks;
- bracket;
- rotation mechanism;
- beams;
- wheels.
Agricultural work cannot be done without the use of a functional harrow. It is impossible to carry out sowing without destroying the top crust of the earth and without digging up the soil to a loose consistency, thereby destroying all the weeds. That is why the presence of a disc harrow in every farming- an urgent need.
Organize own production disc harrows can be used at home if you have a garage, welding machine And additional tools. Farmers are clients with good solvency. If you make your offer with a lower price but the same quality, then you can easily sell an expensive disc harrow unit. After all this type agricultural equipment brings great income to farmers.
DIY disc harrow
What does the design of the harrow consist of, which we propose to make with our own hands for use on the MTZ-80 tractor?
Trailed disc harrow 2.6x2N on MTZ-80 (KOMPAS-3D):
- Frame.
- Front section of cutting units.
- Rear section of cutting units.
- Left turning axle.
- Right turning axle.
- Hinge bracket.
- Cleaner.
- Front beam.
- Rear beam.
- Adjustment rod of the mechanism for adjusting the angle of attack of the disks.
- Train roller.
The harrow's working width is 2.6 meters. It can be aggregated with tractors from 1.4 to 2nd traction class. The weight of the structure is 1150 kg. Operating speed up to 12 km/h. Productivity - 3 hectares/hour. The number of working bodies (discs) is 16 pcs., disc diameter is 560 mm.
Attention! This 3D model assembly was created in the KOMPAS-3D program version 14.1 and contains 122 parts. To view it in detail you can use free program KOMPAS-3D Viewer.
Trailed disc harrow on MTZ-82 with a working width of 2.2 meters (PTC Creo Elements/Pro):
This Alternative option 3D models of a mounted diskator for tractors of 1.4 traction class (LTZ-60AV, MTZ-50/52, MTZ-80/82, Belarus-921 and YuMZ-6). Attention! This model contains 117 parts and was made in PTC Creo Elements/Pro, but can be opened with the free PTC Creo View Express.
This mounted tillage disc unit consists of metal discs mounted on an axle at a certain angle. Depending on the type of field work, the depth of penetration of the structure into the soil is adjustable. The maximum processing depth is up to 12cm.
A mandatory requirement for the manufactured harrow will be high stability metal to corrosion, so choose only quality materials, which we recommend to further process by special means from rust.
So, first you need to cook a strong rectangular frame(1400 by 650 millimeters) of metal profiles. You can use iron corners measuring 450 by 450 mm. An independent axle with 8 spherical disks with a diameter of about 500 mm and a thickness of about 5 mm will be attached to the resulting base using special bushings. They are installed on a horizontal pipe with the same spacing between them. The number of discs may vary depending on the power of your tractor.
The width of the area to be processed usually does not exceed 1-2 meters. There is no point in making a wider harrow. In this case, efficiency will significantly decrease and the load on the tractor will also greatly increase. Please note that the angle of soil attack in a disc harrow must be adjustable.
You can easily buy all materials and components for the manufacture of a harrow via the Internet on specialized websites, as well as at local industrial markets. Their total cost (taking into account the labor invested in subsequent assembly) will be an order of magnitude less than the purchase of ready-made factory equipment. Here the efforts spent will pay off many times over!
The resulting harrow is connected to the tractor linkage at the top of the stand, as well as via two axles. When the tractor moves, the discs should rotate freely, loosening the ground and grinding the remains of weeds, as well as stems of cultivated plants.
Trailed disc harrow ABD 4x2PG (hydraulic) on T-150 (KOMPAS-3D):
This is a 3D model of an ABD 4x2PG disk drive. The trailed unit is designed for tractors of traction class no lower than 3. Brief characteristics:
- working width - 4 meters;
- operating speed - up to 12 km/h;
- productivity - up to 4.4 hectares/hour;
- processing depth - from 8cm to 18cm;
- weight of the structure - 2130 kg.
Attention! The 3D model was created in the KOMPAS-3D program version 14.1 and contains 181 parts. To study the design, you can use the free KOMPAS-3D Viewer.
Note. When opening a file, the program may ask you to replace the path to a file that it cannot read, then simply specify the path (for example, working body).
Advantages of a disc harrow
A disc harrow is an excellent unit that can be successfully used instead of a plow, cultivator or hoe. It is perfect even for soils with extremely low moisture content.
Harrowing is carried out in the following cases:
- When it is necessary to destroy the upper crust-like layer of the earth, which was formed under the influence of moisture, sun and wind over a long period of time.
- To mix the soil with applied fertilizers.
- If you want to level the surface of the area.
- If it is necessary to thin out densely growing cultivated plants.
- To destroy weeds in the garden or field, as well as chop dead wood. Any disc harrow crushes sunflower and corn.
Only high-quality, manufactured taking into account all the requirements can cope with such tasks. technical nuances disc harrow. Using our free 3D models of disc harrows, you can make them yourself to sell. By adhering to all the details of the samples, your harrows will be in no way inferior to their factory counterparts!
Important! The harrow must be used at speeds exceeding 7 kilometers per hour. This way the harrowing process will be as efficient as possible.
Manufacturing of disc harrows as a business
A properly made harrow will cope well not only with the densest layers of soil, but will also perfectly counteract weeds and dead wood. It will also be able to grind sunflowers and corn, which is not possible for other types of agricultural equipment.
By making your own disc harrow, you will save a lot cash. In addition to the many other advantages that this unit has, we can also highlight the fact that the disc harrow has high performance and at the same time it does not become clogged. This means that you can quickly process the entire field with it without any problems!
Having mastered your own production of disc harrows for MTZ-80, T-150 tractors and other types of tractors, you can get started profitable business. Experts estimate its profitability at 50 percent (it all depends on the cost of the materials you will use in production).
By setting up the production of disc harrows, you can achieve a monthly profit of $1000. Despite the fact that you are selling expensive equipment, its demand is ensured by the good solvency of the target consumer (farmer). There's nothing to wait for! Time to open your own business!
A harrow is a tool that is intended for surface cultivation of land. This mechanism is an iron structure to which disks or teeth are attached, which are designed to wrap rows of cultivated plants with soil.
The harrow is also used for spring and autumn processing soil. The purpose of harrowing is to retain moisture in the soil and break up the soil after plowing.
1 General characteristics
Devices that are intended for processing agricultural land have a certain structural classification, according to which they are divided:
- according to the type of structure of the organs that work- disc, tooth;
- by type of traction- horse-drawn, manual, tractor (the latter are separately divided into trailed and mounted);
- by appointment- general and special (garden, garden, meadow, etc.).
There are others, but these are the most common classifications that are most often used when choosing a given mechanism.
1.1 Tooth harrows
In this species, the working body is considered to be pointed steel teeth located at the lower end of the device. They may be round or rectangular section, there are also clawed (paw-shaped) and spring (like a spring) teeth. The combination of teeth with the frame to which they are attached can be hinged (mesh), rigid and spring (ash, spring devices).
The following dental devices are most often used in agriculture:
- dental heavy (BZT-1)- intended for processing upper layers soil, its leveling, destruction of weeds that come down;
- tooth coupling (SBZ-2.8)— loosening grain crops that fall at high speeds;
- mounted hitch for connecting to a tractor (ZBN-6 T)- depending on the bevel of the teeth, the penetration depth is 30-50 mm or 50-100 mm; suitable for MTZ-80, YuMZ;
- middle tooth (BSZ-1)- for leveling the field surface, destroying the soil crust, etc.
The technical characteristics of each harrow should be clarified when purchasing.
1.2 Disc harrows
In agricultural farming, they use devices whose teeth rotate around an axis (rotating blades). When describing the disk mechanism, it is worth noting that its working body is a concave steel disk that is installed at an angle. Disks are mounted on a square shaft, forming batteries, of which there can be 2 or 4. A harrow is called a single-track harrow if the batteries are in one row, in two - a double-track.
The following devices of this category are common in agricultural farming:
- mounted disc harrow - ensures leveling of the field, crushing soil residues, loosening the top layer;
- disc harrow for MTZ (BDN) - crushing the root system of weeds, loosening the upper layers of soil, usually this model trailed;
- disc harrow Solokha – multi-fraction loosening of the soil, its preparation for sowing winter crops;
- harrow disk paper machine— grinding the surface layers of soil for sowing, destroying weeds, grinding residues that are nutritious, depending on the relative position of the working bodies, it can be a 6 * 4 or 4 * 4 paper machine.
In agriculture they also use:
- disc harrow for t 25;
- disc harrow for ;
- trailed disc harrow Paladda 3200;
- wide-cut and the like.
All of them are trailed, most are suitable for. Description and adjustment are specified in the instructions for each mechanism.
1.3 Heavy disc harrows (video)
2 Homemade device
You can make such a mechanism at home. To assemble it, you need 8 round disks of 0.445 mm, the distance between them is 150 mm. This mechanism is pivotally connected to the frame.
Round-shaped disks are attached to it, which are assembled and attached to the rod. The design is hinged and can be attached to either a tractor or a tractor.
Exists a large number of harrows that separate technical specifications. They all vary depending on the price, mechanical properties, visual cues and design.