Eucalyptus is a truly legendary plant that has healed entire regions of the planet. First encountered by Europeans in Australia, these living swamp drainers have spread throughout the world.
Great and mighty
The genus Eucalyptus (Eucalýptus) is a family of myrtaceae. It includes more than 800 species of evergreens or. Most eucalyptus trees have straight or curved trunks.
Some species reach a hundred meters in height and tens of meters in girth, but inconspicuous, gnarled trees often grow in the mountains, and shrubby species are common in desert areas.
bark various types can be smooth, fibrous, scaly, folded. Periodically sheds its bark. It is interesting that this property of eucalyptus gave rise to it popular name"shameless" 
The leaves of the plant vary depending on the species: There are ovoid, lanceolate, pointed. They are notable for the fact that due to their location (edge towards the sun) they provide virtually no shadow.
In addition, the leaves of species native to Australia are clearly oriented: the leaf plane is located along the meridian, the tips point north and south.
Did you know? Many types of eucalyptus trees tolerate fires quite easily. Even seemingly completely burnt trees after a while are covered with numerous shoots.
The eucalyptus tree can bloom in different periods, it depends on the species. The flowers come in a variety of colors, from white to fiery red. They are collected in inflorescences in the form of umbrellas or panicles.
The fruits may look like a box, bell or ball. Their maturation lasts from one to two years in different species. Seeds make up up to 17% of the fruit's weight. 
Where does it grow?
Almost all eucalypts are native to Australia, where the forests are three-quarters eucalyptus, and outside Australia only 15 species out of more than 800 grow wild. These species have been found in New Zealand, Tasmania, New Guinea, Indonesia and the Philippines.
Currently, this plant has spread to many countries in Europe, Asia, North and South America. The reason for this popularity is its ability to drain swampy areas, as well as fast growth tree. In addition, they are also credited with the ability to disinfect the air.
Eucalyptus is a heat-loving plant that usually grows in the tropics or subtropics. Some species can withstand subzero temperatures, and high-mountain trees are able to withstand twenty-degree frosts.
They grow on a variety of soils: clay, sand, chestnut, peat, etc. They are found both in the lowlands and in the mountains. 
Separately about height
Eucalyptus trees grow very quickly. In the first year they can grow 1.5-2 m, by the age of three they can reach 10 m, and a ten-year-old tree can stretch its trunk 20 m in height. Subsequently, upward growth sharply decreases, the tree mainly increases in diameter.
The tallest species is considered to be the regal eucalyptus (Eucalýptus régnans). It reaches a height of one hundred meters, but there are unconfirmed descriptions of specimens up to 155 m tall.
Only one such giant is known for certain - in 2008, a tree called “Centurion” was discovered in Tasmania. Its height is 101 m - this is the highest flowering plant on the planet. 
Did you know? At the beginning of the 20th century, regal eucalyptus trees were mainly used for paper production. Now their wood is often used to make furniture, flooring, plywood, and building frames.
Popular types
In addition to the regal eucalyptus mentioned above, other species of this plant are also famous. So, eucalyptus rainbow is the only wild species in the northern hemisphere. It grows in New Guinea, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
It is distinguished by its unusual bark - it is initially bright green, but later its parts are painted in other colors: blue, burgundy, purple, orange. Now it's beautiful tree spread in South and North America, China, Malaysia. 
This species is also interesting because it is cultivated and how. Its branches with silvery rounded leaves are very loved by florists, who use them to create various compositions. 
Also widely known as a decorative home Eucalyptus populus, otherwise called poplar. It is distinguished by an original crown, similar to the crown of pyramidal poplars, and beautiful oval bluish-green leaves. Florists love to use it in wedding bouquets. 
Useful and healing properties
ABOUT medicinal properties eucalyptus leaves were still known Australian aborigines and actively used them as a natural antibiotic.
The leaves of this tree are truly the most valuable medicinal raw materials. They are collected throughout the summer, but the autumn harvest is especially valuable. Eucalyptus foliage contains phytoncides in abundance - these substances help in the fight against pathogenic bacteria.
The essential oil extracted from the leaves contains up to 80% cineole, a substance with antiseptic and expectorant properties. In addition, the oil contains healing bitters and tannins.
This healing blend is very effective in the fight against particularly persistent pathogenic organisms that cause dangerous infectious and gastrointestinal diseases, such as tuberculosis, malarial fever, trichomonas (genital tract infection), gangrene, pleurisy, bronchitis and other dangerous diseases.
Important! Eucalyptus-based preparations are not recommended for use in cases of severe liver and kidney damage. In addition, inhalation of such drugs is contraindicated in patients with whooping cough.
With the help of eucalyptus, such deadly diseases as cholera, typhus, scarlet fever, and measles were defeated. Also, preparations made from eucalyptus have analgesic properties. Decoctions and infusions from the leaves are successfully used in the treatment of eye diseases. People have long noticed that the smell of eucalyptus repels mosquitoes, midges and other blood-sucking vermin. Various ointments infused on the leaves of this plant not only drive away these, but also help with bites and other inflammations.
Eucalyptus essential oils are often used as healing and soothing scents. To ensure peace of mind, deep sleep Just drop a few drops of eucalyptus essential oil on your pillow. This aroma also relieves people from fatigue, depression and migraines.
Important! For expectant mothers, the use of eucalyptus oil is possible only after consultation with doctors.
Based on eucalyptus ointments, not only hygiene products are made - soap, shampoos, sprays - but also aromatic and medicinal products for baths, saunas, baths. These oils are also actively used as perfume raw materials. 
More about use
Eucalyptus branches are also often used in interior decoration and floristry. Each cut branch retains its natural freshness for quite a long time, up to three weeks. The surface of these dark green leaves is matte and creates the illusion of something durable.
It is not for nothing that eucalyptus is one of the symbols of protection and abundance. This is probably why florist designers often use branches of this plant in composing wedding bouquets.
These evergreen branches look great with, or. In addition, the pleasant smell of this plant gives bouquets a special effect.
In addition, this plant is also used in. This is possible only in those climatic zones where nature allows this native of the tropics to grow.
The design uses not 100-meter giants that are found in nature, but decorative varieties Meter-sized populations reaching a height of only 2 m, they fit perfectly into cultivated nature. 
You helped me, as always)). I completely cured viral pneumonia in two weeks. Saw calendula, echinacea, licorice, eucalyptus leaf, rose hips; smoked cocklebur once a day (4 days); + elecampane high - 1; tricolor violet - 3, common anise - 1.
I brewed the entire mixture at the rate of 1 tbsp. with a heap of 300.0 ml of water. I drank 100.0 ml of warm infusion, three times a day for another 2 weeks.
Drank a lot of fluids warm: fruit drink, tea, water, milk with melted butter.
It is possible that a smaller dosage of elecampane is needed - for me personally, because after I added it to the mixture along with anise - on the third day my heart rate dropped, the left side of my shoulder blade was in pain, then at night I felt a strange sensation in my intestines, as if paralyzed him in places. I drank activated charcoal and it went away after a while. I didn’t drink the collection anymore. Now my sister and daughter are treating the same pneumonia using the same regimen. I added 0.5 tbsp to their collection. elecampane. They drink for the second week and are on the mend. There are no alarming symptoms. Thank you again!
Congratulations to you and the entire team on the upcoming holidays! I wish you “iron” health! May good luck always accompany you! On life path only come across good people! Be happy!
I am very glad to see you in good health! Thank you very much for your congratulations and report!
True, I have a suspicion that milk with butter could have produced similar effects. Now such mixtures are called Fat Bombs (fat bomb).
But I will take into account your wishes, knowing you as a creative and thoughtful user of herbs!
And in the new year, I wish you, as the head of the family, new strength, opportunities, a lot of pleasant events, positive mood, rich and bright personal life, career growth; to your parents good health, and daughters have a smooth puberty!
Be healthy and happy, thank you for being with us! With coming!
Eucalyptus globulus - Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
Ash eucalyptus (gray) - Eucalyptus cinerea F. Muell. et Benth.
Eucalyptus twig - Eucalyptus viminalis Labill.
Myrtle family - Myrtaceae
Botanical characteristics. Eucalyptus - evergreen, tall fast growing trees with smooth bark. In Eucalyptus globulus, the periderm peels off and hangs in long ribbons. This species reaches a height of 45 m. Due to the ability to absorb huge amounts of moisture and release it into the air, as well as the property of the petioles to turn the leaves with their edges towards the sun, eucalyptus trees are pump trees and soil dryers. Eucalyptus globulus leaves have heterophyly. Young leaves are opposite, soft, covered with a layer of wax, bluish in color, ovate-heart-shaped. Old leaves have a characteristic appearance - they are leathery, short-petioled, alternate, often crescent-shaped, located perpendicular to the ground, so the trees provide little shade. The flowers are large, with a large number of stamens and an inconspicuous corolla. The fruit is a capsule with small seeds. Other types of eucalyptus (ash and twig) are distinguished by thicker, non-falling bark, shorter tree height, and greater frost resistance. It blooms in autumn in the 3-5th year of life. The seeds ripen in 1-2 years. Eucalyptus rodum is the most common species.
Spreading. Eucalyptus is native to Australia and its surrounding islands. Cultivated on Black Sea coast Caucasus, Azerbaijan and Central Asia.
Habitat. Plants are light-loving. They grow predominantly on fertilized fertile soil. They propagate by seeds, which are germinated in greenhouses. Trees damaged by frost or cut down quickly regenerate with growth.
Procurement of raw materials, drying. Leaves formed in this growing season can be collected no earlier than November, when the content of cineole in the essential oil is at least 60%, and leaves that have overwintered can be collected at any time of the year. The leaves of each eucalyptus are collected separately. The collection is carried out outside settlements with permission local organizations. Standing on a ladder, thin branches 70-80 cm long are cut with pruning shears or a saw. Usually, no more than 50% of the lower part of the crown is cut off. The cut branches are delivered for drying.
At the drying site, the leaves are separated from the stems and dried on racks, scattered in a layer up to 10 cm thick, in rooms with good ventilation; The leaves are stirred periodically. Heat drying is possible at a temperature not exceeding 40°C.
Standardization. The quality of eucalyptus leaves is regulated by the requirements of the State Fund XI and Amendment. No. 1.
Security measures. It is better to combine the procurement of raw materials with decorative pruning of plantings. Branches should not be broken off.
External signs. The raw material consists of a mixture of leaves collected from old and young branches of cultivated trees and shrubs. According to GF XI, the old leaves of eucalyptus globulus are petiolate, broadly lanceolate or elongated-lanceolate in shape, mostly sickle-shaped, thick, leathery, gray-green in color, 10-30 cm long, 3-4 cm wide. Young leaves are petiolate, soft, ovoid, with a heart-shaped base. Gray or ash eucalyptus leaves are collected from old branches. They are short-petiolate, lanceolate, with a pointed apex, 5-10 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, gray, with a waxy coating. The leaves of young branches are broadly ovate or rounded, pointed at the apex, petiolate; length and width within 2.5-7.5 cm. All leaves are bare, entire. On the leaves, in passing bright light, translucent dots (containers with essential oil) are visible. The smell is aromatic, the taste is spicy-bitter. The leaves of eucalyptus are narrow-lanceolate and sickle-shaped, with sharp ends. The quality of raw materials is reduced by the presence of browned leaves, other parts of the plant, organic and mineral impurities. The authenticity of raw materials is determined by external signs and microscopically. Under a microscope, containers with essential oil are clearly visible. The palisade part is located on both sides of the leaf in 3-4 rows, a small space in the center of the leaf is occupied by spongy parenchyma. There are many druses scattered throughout the pulp. There are no hairs, the vein has a crystalline lining, and the epidermal cells on both sides of the leaf are covered with a thick cuticle.
Microscopy. Determining the authenticity of whole raw materials is not difficult. Epidermal cells are polygonal on the surface with a tubercle in the center. Brown corky spots are visible in surface preparations. For crushed raw materials, during microscopic examination, cross sections are made from pieces with large veins. The leaf is isolateral. The main vein has a crystalline lining; calcium oxalate druses are found in the mesophyll. Essential oil containers are large, round or oval, immersed in mesophyll.
Numerical indicators.Whole raw materials Eucalyptus twig. Essential oil at least 1% (determined by methods 1 or 2 of the State Fund XI, issue 2; distillation time 1 hour); humidity no more than 14%; total ash no more than 5%; darkened and browned leaves no more than 3%; other parts of eucalyptus (twigs, buds, fruits) no more than 2%; organic impurities - no more than 0.5%, mineral - no more than 0.5%.
For crushed raw materials essential oil content not less than 0.8%; In addition to the indicated indicators, the content of particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 5 mm (no more than 10%) and particles passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 0.5 mm (no more than 10%) is also regulated.
Standardization. The quality of raw materials of other types of eucalyptus is regulated by the State Fund of X, and the quality of shoots of eucalyptus twigs is regulated by VFS 42-1947-89.
Chemical composition. Eucalyptus leaves contain essential oil, flavonoids and tannins. According to GF XI, the content of essential oil for whole raw eucalyptus balls is allowed to be no less than 2.5%, for cut eucalyptus - no less than 1.5%, and for eucalyptus twigs - no less than 1%. The content of the essential oil component - cineole - must be at least 60%, and in eucalyptus rodum - at least 45%. The essential oil has the form of a highly mobile, transparent, colorless or yellowish liquid with the smell of cineole.
Storage. In a dry place, in a well-sealed container. The cut leaf is stored in multilayer bags according to the rules for storing essential oil raw materials, eucalyptus oil - in well-closed bottles. The content of essential oil in raw materials is checked annually.
Pharmacological properties. Essential oil and other substances contained in the leaves (tannins, etc.) have a stimulating effect on the receptors of the mucous membranes and also have weak local anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activity.
Medicines. Cut leaves in a package of 100 g, decoction, tincture, briquettes, eucalyptus oil, Chlorophyllipt preparations (1% alcohol solution, used topically and orally; 2% solution in oil, used topically; 0.25% solution in ampoules, used intravenously), "Inhalipt", "Ingacamf". "Efkamon" ointment, "Golden Star" balm, "Pectusin" tablets. "Eucalimin" (0.25% and 1% alcohol solution).
Application. Decoction and infusion of eucalyptus and eucalyptus oil are used as antiseptics for rinsing and inhalation for diseases of the upper respiratory tract, as well as for the treatment of fresh and infected wounds, inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs (lotions, rinses).
Chlorophylliptum is a preparation containing a mixture of chlorophylls from eucalyptus leaves. It is an amorphous green powder. The drug has strong antibacterial activity.
Used topically (the original 1% alcohol solution is diluted in a ratio of 1:5 in a 0.25% novocaine solution) in the treatment of burns and trophic ulcers; 1% alcohol and 2% oil solutions used for cervical erosion (lubricating the cervical canal and erosion, wetting tampons inserted into the vagina); with a solution obtained by diluting 1 spoon of 1% alcohol solution in 1 liter of water, vaginal douching is performed.
It is sometimes used orally when staphylococci are carried in the intestines (5 ml of a 1% alcohol solution diluted in 30 ml of water, daily 3 times a day 40 minutes before meals). Enemas (20 ml of a 1% alcohol solution in 1 liter of water) are also prescribed for carriage of staphylococci in the intestines.
It is also proposed for intravenous use in septic conditions and pneumonia. Inject intravenously (slowly!) 2 ml of 0.25% solution diluted in 38 ml of sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution 4 times a day for 4-5 days. Sometimes used for infections caused by staphylococci that are resistant to antibiotics. The prepared 0.25% solution should be carefully checked; it should be transparent (without turbidity, sediment, etc.), which is diluted ex tempore.
In complex therapy of acute lung abscesses, 8-10 ml of 0.25% chlorophyllipt solution diluted in 150 ml of sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution are administered intravenously (drip) 2 times a day. For peritonitis and empyema, chlorophyllipt is administered into the cavity for 5-6 days through drainage tube. Ex temperature is diluted with a 0.25% alcohol solution of chlorophyllipt with a 0.25% solution of novocaine in a ratio of 1:20.
When using chlorophyllipt, allergic reactions are possible. Before treatment, it is necessary to check the patient's sensitivity to the drug; To do this, give the patient 25 drops of the drug diluted in 1 tablespoon of water. If after 6-8 hours there is no swelling of the lips, nasal mucosa, pharynx and other allergic reactions, a course of treatment with the drug can be prescribed; in the presence of allergic reactions, the drug is contraindicated.
Eucalyptus oil (Oleum Eucalypti) contains at least 60% cineole, pinene and other substances. A highly mobile transparent liquid, colorless or slightly yellowish in color, with a characteristic odor of cineole. Used as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent, for rinsing and inhalation for inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (15-20 drops per glass of water).
Eucalyptus tincture (Tinctura Eucalurti). Tincture (1:5) in 70% alcohol. A transparent liquid of greenish-brown color with a peculiar odor. Prescribed orally as an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic for inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and for the oral cavity, sometimes as a sedative. Take 15-30 drops orally; for rinsing - 10-15 drops per glass of water. Also used for steam inhalation.
Balm "Golden Star" (Balsamum "Stella aururia") contains eucalyptus, clove, peppermint oils, cinnamon and other substances. Stimulates sensitive nerve endings, has a distracting and some anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. For headaches, colds thin layer rubbed into the frontal, temporal, occipital areas. For insect bites, lubricate the bite site and lightly rub in the balm. The balm should not be used if the integrity of the skin is damaged, pustular diseases, etc. Do not allow the balm to come into contact with the eyes. There is evidence of development opportunities adverse reactions when using the balm. Produced in Vietnam.
Fresh eucalyptus shoots -CormusEucalyptirecens
Harvested from cultivated trees (during the period October-April): Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. ashen - E. cinerea F. Muell and spherical E. globulus Labill (myrtle family - Myrtaceae).
Medicinal raw materials. The length of the shoots is no more than 1 m with a stem diameter at the base of up to 0.5 cm. On annual shoots, the leaves are sessile, stem-embracing, and short-petioled. The leaf blade is thin, ovoid, heart-shaped and broadly lanceolate, with a rounded (eucalyptus twig-shaped) or heart-shaped (eucalyptus ash and ball) base and a rounded or pointed apex from 3 to 16 cm long and 1.5 to 9 cm wide. The smell is fragrant. The taste is spicy-bitter.
Numerical indicators. The content of leaves is not less than 50%, the content of rough stems with a diameter at the base of 0.6 to 1 cm is not more than 20%.
Medicines. Essential oil is obtained from raw materials.
Application. Similar to the essential oil obtained from the leaves.
In medicine
Preparations of eucalyptus leaves are used for tracheitis, laryngitis, sore throat, pharyngitis, acute respiratory diseases, for inhalation for catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, as well as for staphylococcal intestinal dysbiosis. Infusions and decoctions of eucalyptus leaves are prescribed for abscesses, phlegmon, purulent mastitis, indolent infected chronic ulcers, for the treatment of burns and frostbite. In dermatological practice – for various pustular diseases; in dentistry – in the treatment of gingivitis and stomatitis; For gynecological diseases, decoction and infusion of the plant are used for.
Eucalyptus leaves are included in the collection.
For children
Crushed eucalyptus leaves in the form of a decoction or infusion are approved for use by children from 3 years of age.
In aromatherapy
Eucalyptus essential oil is obtained by processing the leaves and young shoots of eucalyptus. Eucalyptus essential oil in appearance resembles a colorless or slightly yellowish soft liquid, which is endowed with a specific aroma of cineole.
Eucalyptus essential oil has a strong antiseptic effect. Essential oil vapors prevent the spread of germs in indoor air and serve as protection against infectious diseases. It cleanses the airways, helps to thin and increase mucus production during coughing, hoarseness and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
Classification
Eucalyptus trees are powerful evergreen plant giants. Eucalyptus viminalis Labill belongs to the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). There are only a few species of eucalyptus in the world.
Botanical description
Eucalyptus twig - evergreen tree up to 50 meters high, the bark is smooth, grayish-white, gradually cracks and falls off. Young leaves are opposite, sessile or stem-embracing, narrow or broadly lanceolate, 5-10 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide. Adult leaves are petiolate, light green, 10-25 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, lanceolate or crescent-shaped . Flowers in axillary umbels. The fruit is a four-walled capsule.
Spreading
Australia and the island of Tasmania are considered the birthplace of eucalyptus trees. Grows on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, in dry forest areas; cultivated in Western Georgia, in areas Krasnodar region and Lankaran region of Azerbaijan. There are many cultivated plantings of shrubs and eucalyptus trees in South America, New Zealand, California and southern China. The plant is found in Mediterranean countries, tropical Africa and Asia.
Frost-resistant, easily tolerates long-term temperature drops down to - 10-12ºС.
Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.
Procurement of raw materials
The leaves of the eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus viminalis folia) are used as medicinal raw materials. The raw material is a mixture of leaves different shapes; the smell is aromatic, the taste is spicy-bitter.
Leaves formed in this growing season can be collected no earlier than November, when the content of cineole in the essential oil is at least 60%. Procuring raw materials late autumn, winter or in early spring. The leaves are cut off with pruning shears or a file, selectively leafy shoots and branches. The raw materials are dried on racks in rooms with good ventilation, scattered in a layer of up to 10 cm and stirred periodically. When drying leaves, the temperature should not exceed 40 ºС.
Chemical composition
Eucalyptus leaves contain: essential oil (up to 3%), consisting of cineole (up to 80%), myrtenol, pinene, aldehydes: isovaleric, kapron, cumic, caprylic; tannins (up to 6%), resins, bitter substance, organic acids, phytoncides, esters. Main active substance leaves is an essential oil.
Pharmacological properties
Eucalyptus has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, expectorant, and fungicidal effects. Preparations from eucalyptus leaves are active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia, tuberculous mycobacteria, dysenteric amoeba, Trichomonas, and pathogenic fungi. The plant also has a slight sedative effect on the central nervous system. When plant preparations are taken orally, eucalyptus essential oil is secreted by the lungs and acts as an expectorant.
Infusion, decoction and tincture of eucalyptus are used for rinsing, inhalation, preparing wet tampons, lotions. Plant oil is included in many preparations. It is used to treat furunculosis, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the mucous membranes (in particular, with erosions and ulcers of the cervix), for rubbing with myositis, radiculitis, plexitis and other diseases.
When studying the general pharmacological properties of the leaves of the plant, no noticeable effect on the activity of the heart was noted, with the exception of some cardiotonic action, manifested in a decrease in heart contractions and a slight increase in their amplitude.
Use in folk medicine
Eucalyptus twig leaves have long been known in folk medicine. For medicinal purposes, decoction, infusion and tincture of eucalyptus are used.
In medicine of the last century, plant preparations were used for malaria, scarlet fever, diphtheria and as an anthelmintic.
Traditional medicine most often resorts to a water infusion or alcohol tincture of eucalyptus. These two dosage forms used in the treatment of acute forms of gastrointestinal diseases, as well as as an expectorant in the presence of any inflammatory disease respiratory system. Externally, eucalyptus is used as an antimicrobial and antispasmodic agent.
Literature
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2. State Register medicines. Moscow 2004.
3. Medicinal plants state pharmacopoeia. Pharmacognosy. (Ed. I.A. Samylina, V.A. Severtsev). - M., “AMNI”, 1999.
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5. “Herbal medicine with the basics of clinical pharmacology”, ed. V.G. Kukesa. – M.: Medicine, 1999.
6. P.S. Chikov. “Medicinal plants” M.: Medicine, 2002.
7. Sokolov S.Ya., Zamotaev I.P. Handbook of medicinal plants (herbal medicine). – M.: VITA, 1993.
8. Mannfried Palov. "Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants". Ed. Ph.D. biol. Sciences I.A. Gubanova. Moscow, "Mir", 1998.
9. Turova A.D. "Medicinal plants of the USSR and their use." Moscow. "Medicine". 1974.
10. Lesiovskaya E.E., Pastushenkov L.V. "Pharmacotherapy with the basics of herbal medicine." Tutorial. – M.: GEOTAR-MED, 2003.
11. Medicinal plants: Reference manual. / N.I. Grinkevich, I.A. Balandina, V.A. Ermakova and others; Ed. N.I. Grinkevich – M.: graduate School, 1991. – 398 p.
12. Plants for us. Reference manual / Ed. G.P. Yakovleva, K.F. Blinova. - Publishing house " Educational book", 1996. – 654 p.
13. Medicinal plant raw materials. Pharmacognosy: Textbook. Benefit. / Ed. G.P. Yakovlev and K.F. Blinova. – St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2004. – 765 p.
14. Ponomarev, V.D. Extraction of medicinal plant raw materials / V.D. Ponomarev - M.: Medicine, 1978. - 204 p.