How to make a homemade staircase. DIY metal stairs

It's hard to find more durable material than steel, and lighter (with the same strength) than aluminum, so the most reliable is a stepladder for the home, made with your own hands from metal.

DIY stepladder: choosing the best option

A strong and lightweight ladder is also needed for suburban area, for example - in the garden, and in a private house, and in an apartment with high ceilings would be useful. And not always the best the best option- made of fairly light and strong wood. Especially when it comes to using equipment on living space in a multi-storey sectional building. The fact is that wood requires special care, due to the fact that it easily absorbs moisture and tends to dry out, and also easily becomes the home of various bugs. The metal is less vulnerable, although it can also corrode if it is not a special alloy or aluminum.

There are three types of construction stepladders - regular A-shaped, universal and transformable ladders. The first ones are unremarkable, but the second ones can already arouse the interest of many owners of country estates. The fact is that universal structures are capable of unfolding from an A-shaped position to a straight one, that is, turning into an ordinary staircase. Sometimes they have a third version of the position, such as “goats”, that is, they take the shape of the letter P. As for transformers, they can usually be part of the interior, turning into tables and chairs when unnecessary.

The most difficult option for self-made- a small folding stepladder, only those who are very experienced in metalwork know how to make it with their own hands. It is much easier to build a regular staircase in the shape of the letter A at home by assembling it using a bolted or welded connection from steel or aluminum blanks. However, if they are used, a combination of metals is allowed, for example, aluminum racks and steel crossbars, this will significantly facilitate the design.

It should be borne in mind that a welded connection is the most durable and, if necessary, can be restored quite easily, unlike a bolted one. The latter, if the material’s resistance to load is incorrectly calculated, is fraught with certain problems. In particular, excessive mass applied to a bolt causes it to bend, causing the metal to burst at the point of highest stress. But even just a bent bolt already causes inconvenience when dismantling the stepladder. Also, under load, the holes for the connecting elements sometimes lose their shape, which also complicates dismantling.

Making a stepladder with your own hands step by step

Since it is quite obvious that metal has some advantages over wood, let's look at how to make a stepladder from ordinary steel. Of course, it is highly desirable to have skills in working with a welding machine. We will also use a bolted connection. That is, we will get a combined assembly.

DIY stepladder - master class

Step 1: Connecting the Racks

For the legs of the staircase, that is, its four supports, we will need 4 square or rectangular pipes (the latter option is more desirable). Their length should be the same. At one end of each we make through perforation with an identical indent from the end for all workpieces. Next, we simply connect the supports in pairs with long bolts with a short threaded thread at the end. Such fasteners will allow the supports to move freely in relation to each other, as if on a hinge.

Step 2: Marking

We lay the folded pairs of supports in parallel and begin to measure equal sections from the bottom of the outer legs, making markings for future crossbars or steps. You can use any material for them: the same profile, reinforcement, corner. It is highly advisable to check the markings using a protractor so that the steps are strictly at 90° to the supports.

It must be as accurate as possible so that there are no distortions.

Step 3: Welding the steps

We connect the welding machine to the mains, if you have an electric one, and insert the electrode into the holder; if the unit is carbide, then we refuel it and adjust the burner. It is better to start making a stepladder with your own hands with installation spot welding. First, it is better to fasten the upper and lower crossbars, while checking the distance between the supports.

Then the intermediate elements are installed and fixed with points, according to the previously made markings. When the structure is assembled, we make sure that the parts are connected correctly and make welds.

It is entirely acceptable to use blanks for steps or crossbars that are longer than necessary; the excess is then simply sawed off.

Step 4: Installation of the crossbars of the second section

The second two supports also need to be connected to each other so that they do not move separately. Therefore, we turn the structure over, take 2-3 more pieces of the same material that was used for the crossbars or steps, and weld them onto the internal secondary racks at the top, bottom and in the middle.

For strength, you can add another piece diagonally between the crossbars. We attach a cable between the sections with enough slack to move the supports apart to the distance required for the stability of the structure.

Step 5: Welding on the base crossbars

At this point, the manufacture of the stepladder could be completed if it is used only for the home. However, in an area where there is little hard surface, such as asphalt or tiles, the supports will easily fall into the ground, especially after rain. To avoid this, we take two more profile trims and weld them from below onto the ends of the legs, connecting the outer and inner stair legs in pairs.

However, in using the pipe rectangular section there is one inconvenience - it can become clogged with earth. Therefore, in order not to do extra work by welding the ends of the profile, it is better to use a corner, especially if this particular material was used on the steps. The stepladder is ready.

Homemade stepladders of complex design

Universal stepladders and transformers were mentioned above. Making them yourself is much more difficult, however, if you still have such a desire, steel profile It is better not to use it for this purpose. For universal type structures optimal material there will be aluminum, and small transformers that turn into interior items will be more conveniently made from thin duralumin tubes. The connection is bolted, possibly with anchors rather than ordinary nuts, in order to avoid self-unscrewing.

In fact, even that stepladder, the manufacturing description of which was given earlier, can be made universal, that is, turning into an attachment. If the safety cable is made removable, one section in relation to the other can rotate 270°, that is, a position is possible when all the supports are in the same plane. If you unfold the ladder and weld it on external sides there are powerful bolts on her legs in the knee area, so that the bolt is on one section and the receiving bracket is on the other, you get a reliable fixation. All that remains is, if necessary, to rotate one section 180°, click the bolts, and you will have a long extension ladder in your hands.

Metal is perfect for assembling a variety of staircase structures. Compared to others existing materials it's different good performance service life, reliability and load-bearing capacity.

From the material in question, it is possible to make both small-sized staircase structures with low weight, and solid stairs of any level of complexity and configuration. A properly assembled metal staircase can organically fit into almost any interior. This design will be appropriate both inside and outside the room.

An additional advantage is that an ordinary metal staircase can be assembled with my own hands. To do this, just study the recommendations below and do everything in accordance with the instructions.

In terms of structural properties, internal and external metal stairs do not differ significantly from their wooden and concrete counterparts. Before starting work, you must prepare a staircase design and choose the most rational form of the product.

In accordance with the manufacturing method, metal stairs are divided into welded and forged options. Forging skills, of course, cannot be mastered quickly, but to make a simple welded staircase, a good one is enough theoretical basis and couples practical lessons. However, first you need to choose best option future design.

Types of staircase structures

Among the most popular homemade stairs are:

stairs with stringers. IN in this case the steps are fixed on a kind of metal ridges;
ladders on rails. Frameless system. The steps are attached to load-bearing wall. Bolts specially designed for this purpose are used for fastening;
staircases on beams. In this case, the basis of the design is represented by bowstrings. Between them risers and treads, or only treads, are fixed;
spiral staircases. The structure has a spiral appearance and is attached to a load-bearing central support;
stairs prefabricated type . Assembled from ready-made modules. The assembly process is extremely simple.

Regardless of the type of staircase, it can only be supported by the ceiling. To further increase the overall reliability of the structure, additional support elements can be placed under the landings of the staircase structure.

You can also secure the platforms with consoles, and place the racks discreetly in the wall space.

Often, a separate load-bearing partition made of brick or concrete is erected to accommodate the stairs.

At this point you will have to figure it out yourself, focusing on personal preferences and the recommendations received above.

Combination options

Metal can be combined with almost any finishing materials. It harmonizes perfectly with glass, various stones, concrete, as well as wood and brick.

A homemade metal staircase can be equipped with any type of fencing: like ordinary vertical posts, as well as unusual screens made of perforated steel and glass, carved items, hand-forged elements, throws, etc.

Fencing elements can be fastened using bolts or welding to the end of the step, or they can also be installed directly on the steps.

In accordance with the personal preferences of the owner, operational specifics and stylistic features, the load-bearing part of the metal structure can be supplemented with steps made of corrugated metal, reinforcing steel, concrete, porcelain stoneware and many other materials.

In private houses, metal staircases with wooden steps look most organic. Outside the home, the staircase may consist entirely of metal. It is advisable to sheathe the inside of the frame with another, more pleasant and familiar material.

You can lay facing ceramics, durable laminate, carpet and other wear-resistant materials on the steps of the stairs.

Guide to assembling a homemade flight of stairs

IN self-assembly metal stairs there is nothing super complicated. All you need to do is follow the instructions in everything and thoroughly think through your every further action.

Preparation

Before starting work, prepare all the necessary equipment for this. First of all you will need welding machine. Beginners master inverter-type devices most quickly - they are the easiest to use. With appropriate experience, you can use any other machine suitable for welding the metal you are using.

Also prepare mechanical saw, grinder and emery wheel. If you do wooden steps, prepare additionally clamps, electric drill with a set of drills, self-tapping screws, circular saw.

Prepare in advance project of the future staircase. You can make it yourself, order it from a specialized company, or find suitable drawings in open sources. There are quite a few such sources, so you can easily choose the staircase option that is best suited specifically for your situation.

Diagram of a simple metal staircase: 1 Channel. 2 Grooved metal steps. 3 Steel fillies. 4 Welding locations. 5 Brackets for fastening steps.

The simplest metal staircase will be based on a channel of dimensions 8-10 placed on its edge. If you plan to finish the staircase, prepare your preferred material for this, for example, wooden boards or sheet metal.

It is best to cover the steps of an external staircase with corrugated metal sheets or other non-slip material.

The fences will be made of angle steel. To create supports for the treads, prepare reinforcement.

First step. Cut the reinforcement into fillets. These are special support devices placed on the beam. Dimensions and required amount select fillies according to conditions project documentation for your stairs.

Second step. Weld mounting brackets to the side of the filly on which the step will subsequently “lie.”

Third step. Weld the fillets to the channel installed on the rib. Pre-prepared markings made in accordance with the design documentation will help you with this.

Attach the second channel to the prepared channel beam with fillets attached to it and correct the markings if deviations are detected.

For self-assembly of an ordinary staircase with a meter width, a couple of stringers or bowstrings will be enough. If the staircase has more impressive dimensions, equip it with three or more support beams.

Fourth step. Assemble all the elements of a homemade metal staircase into a single structure using welding.

Fifth step. Treat the metal with a primer, and after it dries, with a special anti-corrosion compound.

Finally, all that remains is to install assembled staircase on supports. Support functions can be performed by racks made of high-quality channel steel, as well as metal corners, attached to the support beams by welding.

If you wish, you can give preference to a more complex design of a metal staircase with a bowstring cut from thick sheet metal. Cut according to the design, as accurately and accurately as possible. Otherwise, the procedure for assembling the staircase will not differ from the assembly of the design option considered above.

After assembling and installing the structure, proceed to covering the steps.

Step cladding

A variety of materials can be used to finish the steps of a metal staircase. IN household This type of finishing is most often done using wooden overlays.

First step. Mark on the metal steps the locations of future holes for bolts or screws in increments of 150 mm. The distance between the end edges of the steps and the mounting holes must be at least 20 mm.

Second step. Attach plywood backing to the treads. Fix the element using a special adhesive composition, usually sold with the mark “with filling effect”. This glue is notable for the fact that it does not wrinkle after hardening. In addition, filling adhesive composition allows you to eliminate various minor defects that inevitably appear even with the highest quality welding.

To fix the substrate, use a simple polyurethane foam prohibited - this material does not have the necessary resistance to crushing and deforms very quickly under the influence of mechanical loads.

Third step. Secure the wooden overlay to the tread using a pair of clamps, and then finally secure it through the pre-prepared mounting holes. If you use self-tapping screws, place them underneath in the undertight area. If fastening is carried out with bolts, fix it openly.

Carry out the covering of all steps according to the above diagram.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in assembling a simple metal staircase yourself. Having studied the basic provisions of the instructions and learned additional nuances, you will be able to cope with all the activities yourself. Improve your skills, and very soon you will be able to assemble more complex and aesthetically pleasing staircase structures of any size, type and configuration.

Good luck!

Video - DIY metal stairs

In those structures where high reliability and durability are required, the elements are made of metal parts.

Staircase from profile pipe with your own hands, made at home, is no exception.

Main types of stairs

A stepladder is a ladder that can stand on its own using any suitable support (a wall, for example).

The stepladder can be one-sided or two-sided. The structure has a frame to which the steps are attached, and additional elements The stepladder is equipped with handrails and legs.

The height of such a structure made from a profile pipe is calculated by determining the interval between the floor and the last step. The calculation is made based on an interval of 20-25 cm. Due to the presence of various functional features a stepladder can be:

Designs belonging to the universal type combine the functionality of a regular ladder and stepladder.

The frame of such products can be folding or telescopic. The presented stepladder has a frame consisting of several sections, with each section consisting of 5-7 steps.

Telescopic structures differ in that their sections can be pulled out gradually. They are fixed using special latches or hooks.

The transformable stepladder can work in several positions. Such products made from profile pipes are very compact, lightweight and can easily fit even in the trunk of a car.

Almost finished stepladder

The frame of staircase products is assembled using metal profile pipes that serve as load-bearing posts; the steps can be made of wood or a material less durable than the frame.

All connections of the structure made of profile pipes are connected to each other using bolted connections.

This allows, if necessary, to quickly replace any damaged element. Some stepladders made from metal profile pipes can be made non-removable - welding is used to create them.

It is worth noting that the most common and practical material to create the structures described, it is an aluminum or duralumin alloy. A finished staircase, assembled with your own hands, will have the following advantages:

Tools and materials needed for work

To create a stepladder with your own hands, preference should be given to aluminum or metal profile pipes. Such a structure can subsequently be easily transported even on public transport. In addition, this metal is resistant to the harmful effects of corrosion processes and other negative environmental factors.

The profile does not need to be additionally primed or painted, and the service life of the product will depend only on the quality of the assembly. When assembling such a structure, you cannot do without:

In addition, you will need such Consumables, How:

belts or chains;
several rubber heels for the legs;
metal glue or liquid nails;
metal sheet from which steps and connectors will be cut;
metal or aluminum profile pipe.

It is necessary to clarify that aluminum pipe has high electrical conductivity and ready product It is prohibited to use for repairing high-voltage lines.

However, in everyday life such a need does not occur very often. Aluminum conducts heat well, and outdoors it heats up several times faster than metal.

For example, if such a stepladder is left in the sun for several hours in the summer, it will most likely become very hot, which will complicate the work.

A stepladder made from profile pipes is easy to manufacture, and the material is publicly available and has a high margin of safety. A stepladder made from a metal profile pipe requires painting to protect it from corrosion.

Manufacturing procedure

To create a stepladder from profile pipes, it is recommended to follow the following sequence of actions:

Prepare metal aluminum or steel pipe and cut 4 pieces of equal length from it.
If the pipe is made of metal, then especially large rust should be removed from its surface using a grinder or drill with a special attachment.
Securely secure the pipe to the workpiece in a vice and polish it to a shine. sandpaper or using special means to remove rust.
Cut steps with the same length from pre-prepared metal sheets. If necessary, rust deposits are also removed from them.
The frame begins to form by welding the steps. If not welding machine, then you can use angle bolts and nuts.
Plugs are welded on top and bottom of the pipe, or rubber tips are put on.
Crossbars are welded to the two remaining pipes in their lower and upper parts, the distance from which to the end of the pipe should be 10-15 cm.
The frame made of supporting profile pipes is positioned horizontally and a number of holes are drilled in it, into which belts are fastened with bolts.
To the part of the staircase on which the steps are not fixed, you need to weld a metal plate perpendicular to the frame. It is necessary to attach two metal plates to the other half of the frame - the upper step is welded to them on top.

In order to ensure reliable fixation, cuts are formed at the level with the support plate, which will serve as a lock.

Making your own stepladder (video)

Manufacturing of other types of stepladders

Some structures cannot always be conveniently transported in a disassembled state. To make the structure solid, the part on which the steps are located is made somewhat longer.

At a distance of 10-15 cm from the highest step, a special gap is drilled and cut in the profile pipe.

The ends of the halves are inserted into it without steps. These parts are soaked in milk and flattened. After this, it is drilled into the frame through hole, and the section of the structure is fixed using a locknut.

In order to assemble a transforming stepladder, you should initially carry out a design calculation, and then perform the following steps:

8 pipe sections of the same length are cut.
Steps are cut from a sheet of metal. The step size can be set to any size.
The steps are attached so that on both sides of the sections they are located at the same distance from each other.
Fitting is carried out and the sections are connected using locking mechanisms.
The stepladder is treated with a primer and coated with paint.

It is worth noting that the load on the locking mechanisms of a transforming stepladder is in most cases quite high, therefore it is necessary to form the welding connecting seam between the structural elements with the utmost quality.

To create a transforming ladder, you will need the same set of tools and materials as for the classic analogue of the design, but instead of belts, stop mechanisms will be used.

Stepladder assembly technology sliding type practically no different from the installation algorithm of the two previous types.

All load-bearing sections are made according to the transformer principle and are connected to each other via sliding mechanisms. In this case, the outermost two sections are connected to each other according to the principle of a conventional stepladder.

Do-it-yourself ladder (step-ladder) from a profile pipe

Do-it-yourself ladder (step-ladder) from a profile pipe. Making a stepladder with your own hands.

How to make a stepladder with your own hands from a profile pipe?

For various works and for housework in a suburban area, a folding stepladder, assembled with your own hands from a profile pipe, can be useful.

The design as a whole will be quite durable and lightweight. What will be needed to make it and what type of stepladder is best to choose?

Use at home and in the countryside

A stepladder is used to reach high, inaccessible places: chandeliers, wiring under the ceiling, the second floor of a building, etc. But this is only its primary role, and the secondary one is the ability to be at heights without much discomfort and perform work without the risk of falling.

To ensure this, the stepladder has 4 support points, which distribute the total weight of the structure and the user.

The design of the stepladder itself may have some differences that will be useful in a given situation:

Standard A-frame stepladder. It has 4 supports, a leg position lock and a small upper platform. Convenient for working at low heights.
Folding A-shaped stepladder. Unlike the first option, it can be expanded into ladder, increasing its maximum possible height. In the normal state it is still stable, but in the folding state you can reach an object that is very high.
Transformer - the design is a multifunctional model that can be used both as a staircase and as part of the interior. A very expensive option, although it has practical applications in everyday life.

Of these three options, you should choose the one that is most suitable, and then follow the instructions.

Necessary for work

In order to make your own staircase, you will need materials and a drawing. The very first thing is to get the drawings. The technical documentation for the first two versions of stepladders is quite simple and does not contain any big tricks, but assembling a transforming model yourself is already a challenge to yourself. For the first time, it is better not to overdo it and choose something more or less simple.

The goal of the work is a metal stepladder that will be convenient to use. To make the structure lighter, it is better to make it from a profile, and for this, square pipes are useful. Also for the work you will need bolts, nuts, several metal strips and hinges.

We have decided on the material, and the tools you will need are:

drill with a drill bit for soft metal;
welding machine;
set of wrenches.

Depending on the selected drawing, everything necessary is collected and work begins.

Why is it best to assemble a stepladder from a profile pipe? Here are some reasons:

a hollow pipe structure will be quite light;
the profile is quite durable and can withstand heavy loads without deformation;
it is cheap material;
Square pipes are easy to process - drill holes in them, cut off unnecessary parts.

Double-sided and single-sided option

For the production of standard double-sided metal stepladder A-shape you will need:

4 square metal pipes same size;
bolts;
metal profile strips for steps;
welding machine or drill with fasteners;
level.

The working process is as follows:

Having 4 blanks of the same size, you need to fold them in pairs and mark the places where the steps will be attached.
Then there are 2 design options: sharp and flat.

sharp - 2 tubes are connected at the ends using a bolted connection;
flat - the tubes are screwed to a rectangular piece.

Regardless of the option chosen, it is worth starting to place the steps. Each plank should be placed so that when installing the stepladder, the steps are at a slope of 90°; a level will come in handy here. This must be taken into account in the selected drawing, where the angle of the supports is indicated.
Next, you can connect the steps to the supports in 2 ways: bolting or welding. Whichever option is more convenient is the one you should choose.
First you need to fasten 2 strips - the bottom and the top, and then the rest, moving towards the middle.

The one-sided version of the stepladder eliminates the installation of steps on one side. Instead, 1-2 slats are installed at different levels.

Folding ladder

A homemade stepladder that also folds out - great thing for construction. The steps for its assembly are similar to the first option, only here you need to make a hinged connection between 2 separate stairs and a metal clamp that will allow you to secure the structure when unfolded. All this is done only according to the selected drawing.

This video shows the process of making a staircase from a profile pipe:

A handmade iron stepladder will definitely come in handy around the house.

In order for the design to be stable and functional, it is worth choosing a proven working drawing, as well as selecting high-quality profiles. By doing everything according to the instructions, as well as consulting with experts, you can make really good things with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself stepladder from a profile pipe: how to do it right

For various jobs and housework on a country plot, a folding stepladder, assembled with your own hands from a profile pipe, can be useful. The design as a whole will be quite durable and lightweight.

Homemade stepladder from a profile

Structurally, this type of stepladder is very similar to those examples that can be found today in almost any hardware store. The only difference is that it is made not of aluminum, but of a profile pipe. This material very good in that, thanks to its cross-section, it is less susceptible to bending, quite light (if compared to wood), plus it is not difficult to purchase, fortunately it is on sale wide choose absolutely any size.

Aluminum stepladder

The staircase can be used as in a house when carrying out cosmetic repairs, and in the country, during the harvest. If you look at a photo of a stepladder from a profile, made by yourself, and a “store-bought” one, you can see one significant difference - the second one has many stiffening ribs. This is all in order to strengthen the stairs, because aluminum itself is a light and soft metal. Although there are no such ribs on the profile, the strength does not suffer, since the pipe is heavier and not so susceptible to deformation.

Tools needed to make a stepladder with your own hands

Here you will need a little skill and skill, as you will have to use:

electric welding;
grinder;
drill;
with ordinary tools like a tape measure, a marker and a corner.

Before starting work, stock up on electrodes and metal discs for the grinder, because during the manufacture and installation of the stepladder you will have to cut a lot of material. You also need to think about your safety: wear special glasses when cutting, because small metal shavings will be enough; Use a mask when welding as this can cause serious damage to your eyesight.

We make a staircase with our own hands

First, consider how long a stepladder you need; sketch out a rough drawing or, more correctly, a sketch; It won’t hurt if you find and view photos with each stage of production or even a video that shows everything in detail. The material that needs to be prepared immediately is a profile of a suitable cross-section. Depending on how tall you need the stepladder, you cut two equal pieces of pipe.

Rust must be removed immediately to make it easier for yourself further work. To do this, it is best to use a drill or grinder with a metal brush attachment. We fix the pipe and clean it to a metallic shine. Next, we proceed to cutting steps from the same profile. Also remove any rust from them first. The easiest way is to cut steps from a profile of the same length. We try on the steps (it is best to do this on a flat floor or workbench). If necessary, we adjust the sizes.

When everything is ready, we attach the steps of the future stepladder by welding to the base, check for irregularities, if there are none, we finally connect them.

Now we weld the “spots” from below, and close the holes in the pipes from above. Half the job is done. We take a profile pipe (with a smaller cross-section if possible), cut off two pieces with a length equal to the resulting staircase. We weld the crossbars at a distance of 0.25-0.3 meters from the bottom and top of these blanks. Their length should be equal to the length of the stairs. We connect the two halves using suitable canopies by welding. Approximately in the middle of the stepladder, you need to drill holes on both sides in the profile pipe and, using bolts, fasten some kind of belt that will prevent your metal ladder from falling apart.

Better or worse than analogues?

Of course, it is worth carrying out finishing work– primer and painting. But even in this form, a metal stepladder is quite suitable for use, only high humidity will soon make itself known. This manufacturing option is the fastest, but if you pay more attention, effort, patience and time, you can make a design that will be many times better than store-bought analogues.

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Metal ladder stepladder made of profile pipe: video instructions

Drawings and video master class on how to create a stepladder from a profile pipe with your own hands.

Making a stepladder for your home with your own hands

A stepladder made with your own hands will become an indispensable assistant at home

Stepladders are folding ladders that are indispensable for performing various works in a city apartment, in a private house and in the country. These staircase structures are comfortable, stable, compact and practical. A do-it-yourself stepladder can be made from scrap materials. The manufacturing process is simple and anyone can do it. Wherein homemade stepladder will not be inferior in functionality and reliability to industrial designs.

Stepladders, their types and features

How to make a stepladder with your own hands? First you need to choose the most suitable model folding design, then choose the material from which the stepladder will be made with your own hands.

By appearance and functionality These stairs are conventionally divided into three groups:

Universal. Universal designs are distinguished by the fact that they can also be used as a regular (attached) staircase structure. Such stepladders are divided into folding and telescopic.

Universal folding stepladder

Telescopic models are assembled from several retractable sections, which are securely fixed with hooks or automatic locks (latches). These stairs can be very tall.

Telescopic stepladder overview

Transformable stepladder is a modern, universal, multifunctional stepladder. The transformer consists of sections that are connected using hinges. Hinges allow you to easily and quickly change the position of the sections and securely fix the selected position. The transformer can easily take the form: classic model, stairs with a console, a convenient construction platform, an ordinary (extension) ladder.

Structure height

Stepladder for standard apartment has a height from 70 to 150 cm. The number of steps depends on the height and can range from 3 to 5 steps. For production needs and construction work In a private home, a model with a platform is convenient. More complex design(transformable stepladder) allows you to significantly increase the height of the stairs.

Materials for production

As a rule, folding structures are made of wood or metal (aluminum alloy or steel). The choice of material depends on the purpose of such a ladder, its size and the load it must withstand.

Lightweight and durable stepladders are very popular aluminum alloys. If you are planning to make a transformer, then you should pay attention to aluminum materials. Structures can be assembled from one type of material, or you can combine several different ones. For example, a garden folding ladder or a reliable stepladder for construction and repair work can be made from steel pipes (stands) and wood (steps).

The stepladder is made of combined materials

The best option for making a stepladder is aluminum profile or pipes. Of course, you can make a stepladder for your home from wood. This is the simplest and affordable option. But it is worth considering that for such work you need to use high-quality, well-dried wood.

Wood structures

The first thing to do is to develop drawings of the future wooden structure. You need to clearly understand what type of stepladder will look like, determine its configuration, and basic parameters. While working on the drawings, they also determine the choice of fasteners and materials that will be needed to make the stairs. As a rule, a full-fledged transformer is not made from wood.

Example drawing of a stepladder

For the bowstring wooden stepladder beams are used (approximately 5x5 cm), for steps - a board (3-4 cm thick). It is necessary to mark and cut the bowstring beams to the required length. They should match the height of your stairs.

Once you have cut the beam to the required length, you can begin making the steps

To ensure structural stability, the lower ends wooden beams cut at an angle of approximately 30 degrees.

The next stage is the manufacture of crossbars (steps). The number of steps is calculated taking into account the total height of the stepladder and optimal distance between the crossbars. When ascending/descending, a step of 35 cm is considered standard; approximately this distance should be between steps.

It is worth considering that almost all models of stepladders have a feature: they taper from bottom to top. The length of the first (lower) step should be approximately 65 cm, the top - no more than 35 cm. The dimensions of the steps will have to be adjusted as the stepladder is being manufactured. After preparing the steps of the required size, it is advisable to number them on the reverse side.

The stepladder will be more stable if the bottom is wider than the top

If the design of the staircase has an additional platform, it is made of the same material as the steps. The second half of the stepladder (support) is assembled in the same way, only instead of steps, to enhance strength, crossbars are used, nailed across or diagonally (different options are possible here).

One of the options for attaching the second half of the stepladder

For reliable connection of all parts wooden structure they use bolts, and to ensure the mobility of its parts - hinges, to fix the position - spacer mechanisms or limiters.

In most cases, the two halves of the stepladder are connected by hinges

The limiter is needed to prevent the legs of the stepladder from moving apart

The movable halves of the stepladder are connected by hinges. A travel limiter must be provided. Secure it at two ends. The limiter ensures the stability and reliability of the wooden structure.

Making a wooden stepladder with your own hands

If the steps are attached with glue, then to increase the strength of the structure, the bowstrings are tightened with metal rods. They are located under the steps: at the bottom (under the first step), in the middle, at the top (under the top step).

Metal rods are needed to make the stepladder more durable

To protect against rotting wooden elements stepladders must be coated with an antiseptic compound that creates a water-repellent film. You can also varnish the product without affecting the metal parts of the structure.

Metal constructions

A metal stepladder can be made from pipes or profiles. When working with metal, you need to be very careful and carefully handle all sharp edges after cutting.

To protect hands and feet from injury during operation of a folding metal structure, you can use special plastic or rubber plugs.

Metal products can be dismountable (for installation use detachable connections) or monolithic (welded). Welded joints are typically used for steel structure from pipes and angles.

Stepladder made of steel pipe using a welded joint

Rectangular metal profile - the best option for installation folding stairs. But a product made from steel pipes and angles turns out to be quite heavy, which is not very practical, especially for home use.

Stepladder made of metal profile

To make a stepladder you will need metallic profile(section approximately 20x40 mm). The length of the profile must correspond to the calculated height of the stairs.

After cutting everyone necessary details do not forget to carefully process their edges. Drilling into metal required holes for bolted connections. Hinges are installed in the same way as in wood products. As a limiter, you can use a piece of pipe secured with movable metal bolts.

Drill holes to connect the two halves of the stepladder using hinges

It is advisable to provide special anti-slip pads on the steps of a metal structure. Now you know how to make a stepladder that best suits your needs.

Making a metal stepladder with your own hands (Option 1)

Making a metal stepladder with your own hands (Option 2)

Stepladders are folding ladders that are indispensable for performing various works in a city apartment, in a private house and in the country. These staircase structures are comfortable, stable, compact and practical. A do-it-yourself stepladder can be made from scrap materials. The manufacturing process is simple and anyone can do it. At the same time, a homemade stepladder will not be inferior in functionality and reliability to industrial designs. This article has everything about how to do it: a description of the process and tips.

Stepladders, their types and features

How to make a stepladder with your own hands? First, you need to select the most suitable model of a folding structure, then select the material from which the stepladder will be made with your own hands. Based on their appearance and functionality, these stairs are conventionally divided into three groups:

Classic.

Universal. Universal designs are distinguished by the fact that they can also be used as a regular (attached) staircase structure. Such stepladders are divided into folding and telescopic.

Telescopic models are assembled from several retractable sections, which are securely fixed with hooks or automatic locks (latches). These stairs can be very tall.

Transformable stepladder is a modern, universal, multifunctional stepladder. The transformer consists of sections that are connected using hinges. Hinges allow you to easily and quickly change the position of the sections and securely fix the selected position. The transformer can easily take the form of: a classic model, a ladder with a console, a convenient construction platform, or a regular (extension) ladder.

Multifunctional transformable stepladder

Structure height

How to determine the correct height of your folding stairs? To do this, you need to know the maximum height to which you need to reach from the top step of the structure. Your height and 30-35 cm are subtracted from this height, which will allow you to perform all the necessary actions without touching your head to the ceiling. A stepladder for a standard apartment has a height of 70 to 150 cm. The number of steps depends on the height and can range from 3 to 5 steps. For production needs and construction work in a private home, a model with a platform is convenient. A more complex design (transformable stepladder) allows you to significantly increase the height of the stairs.

Materials for production

As a rule, folding structures are made of wood or metal (aluminum alloy or steel). The choice of material depends on the purpose of such a ladder, its size and the load it must withstand.

Stepladders made of light and durable aluminum alloys are very popular. If you are planning to make a transformer, then you should pay attention to aluminum materials. Structures can be assembled from one type of material, or you can combine several different ones. For example, a garden folding ladder or a reliable stepladder for construction and repair work can be made from steel pipes (stands) and wood (steps).

The best option for making a stepladder is an aluminum profile or pipes. Of course, you can make a stepladder for your home from wood. This is the simplest and most affordable option. But it is worth considering that for such work you need to use high-quality, well-dried wood.

Wood structures

For the string of a wooden stepladder, beams (approximately 5x5 cm) are used, for the steps - a board (3-4 cm thick). It is necessary to mark and cut the string beams to the required length. They should match the height of your stairs.

Important! To ensure the stability of the structure, the lower ends of the wooden beams are cut at an angle of approximately 30 degrees.

The next stage is the manufacture of crossbars (steps). The number of steps is calculated taking into account the total height of the stepladder and the optimal distance between the rungs. When ascending/descending, a step of 35 cm is considered standard; approximately this distance should be between steps. It is worth considering that almost all models of stepladders have a feature: they taper from bottom to top. The length of the first (lower) step should be approximately 65 cm, the top - no more than 35 cm. The dimensions of the steps will have to be adjusted as the stepladder is being manufactured. After preparing the steps of the required size, it is advisable to number them on the reverse side.

To securely connect all the parts of a wooden structure, bolts are used, and to ensure the mobility of its parts, hinges are used, and spacer mechanisms or limiters are used to fix the position.

Installation begins by connecting the string and crossbars. To do this, self-tapping screws are screwed into the ends, in the places where the steps are attached. All joints must be treated with wood glue. The steps should be parallel to the plane of the floor when the ladder is unfolded. If the stairs have a platform, then additional support is installed. The movable halves of the stepladder are connected by hinges. A travel limiter must be provided. Secure it at two ends. The limiter ensures the stability and reliability of the wooden structure.

Making a wooden stepladder with your own hands

To protect against rotting, the wooden elements of the stepladder must be coated with an antiseptic compound that creates a water-repellent film. You can also varnish the product without affecting the metal parts of the structure.

Metal constructions

A metal stepladder can be made from pipes or profiles. When working with metal, you need to be very careful and carefully handle all sharp edges after cutting.

Advice! To protect hands and feet from injury during operation of a folding metal structure, you can use special plastic or rubber plugs.

Metal products can be dismountable (detachable connections are used for installation) or monolithic (welded). Welded joints are typically used for steel structures made from pipes and angles.

To make a stepladder from metal you will also need a drawing. When working on the design of a metal ladder, it is worth making one part of it longer, which will allow you to form comfortable handles on top and make it easier to secure the hinges without compromising the strength of the structure. A metal profile with a rectangular cross-section is the best option for installing a folding staircase. But a product made from steel pipes and angles turns out to be quite heavy, which is not very practical, especially for home use.

To make a stepladder you will need a metal profile (section approximately 20x40 mm). The length of the profile must correspond to the calculated height of the stairs. After cutting all the necessary parts, do not forget to carefully process their edges. The necessary holes are drilled in the metal for bolted connections. Hinges are installed in the same way as in wood products. As a limiter, you can use a piece of pipe secured with movable metal bolts.

In those structures where high reliability and durability are required, the elements are made of metal parts.

A DIY staircase made from a profile pipe, made at home, is no exception.

Contents of the article

Main types of stairs

A stepladder is a ladder that can stand on its own using any suitable support (a wall, for example).

The stepladder can be one-sided or two-sided. The structure has a frame to which the steps are attached, and the additional elements that the stepladder is equipped with are handrails and legs.

Classical;
Universal;
Transformer.

Designs belonging to the universal type combine the functionality of a regular ladder and stepladder.

Can be folding or telescopic. The presented stepladder has a frame consisting of several sections, with each section consisting of 5-7 steps.

Telescopic structures differ in that their sections can be pulled out gradually. They are fixed using special latches or hooks.

The transformable stepladder can work in several positions. Such products made from profile pipes are very compact, lightweight and can easily fit even in the trunk of a car.

The frame of staircase products is assembled using metal profile pipes that serve as load-bearing posts; the steps can be made of wood or a material less durable than the frame.

All connections of the structure made of profile pipes are connected to each other using bolted connections.

This allows, if necessary, to quickly replace any damaged element. Some stepladders are not dismountable - welding is used to create them.

It is worth noting that the most common and practical material for creating the structures described is aluminum or duralumin alloy. The finished product will have the following advantages:

ease;
reliability;
ease of use.

Tools and materials needed for work

roulette;
square;
a simple pencil;
hacksaws for metal;
Bulgarians;
drills;
screwdrivers;
hammer;
metal drills;
bolts and nuts;
welding machine.

In addition, you will need consumables such as:

belts or chains;
several rubber heels for the legs;
metal glue or liquid nails;
metal sheet from which steps and connectors will be cut;
metal or aluminum profile pipe.

It is necessary to clarify that it has high electrical conductivity and the finished product is prohibited from being used for repairing high-voltage lines.

However, in everyday life such a need does not occur very often. Aluminum conducts heat well, and in the open air it heats up several times faster than metal.

For example, if such a stepladder is left in the sun for several hours in the summer, it will most likely become very hot, which will complicate the work.

Manufacturing procedure

To create a stepladder from profile pipes, it is recommended to follow the following sequence of actions:

Prepare a metal aluminum or steel pipe and cut 4 pieces of equal length from it.
If the pipe is made of metal, then especially large rust should be removed from its surface using a grinder or drill with a special attachment.
Securely secure the pipe workpiece in a vice and polish it to a shine with sandpaper or using a special rust remover.
Cut steps to the same length from pre-prepared metal sheets. If necessary, rust deposits are also removed from them.
The frame begins to form by welding the steps. If you don’t have a welding machine, you can use angle bolts and nuts.
Plugs are welded on top and bottom of the pipe, or rubber tips are put on.
Crossbars are welded to the two remaining pipes in their lower and upper parts, the distance from which to the end of the pipe should be 10-15 cm.
The frame made of supporting profile pipes is positioned horizontally and a number of holes are drilled in it, into which belts are fastened with bolts.
To the part of the staircase on which the steps are not fixed, you need to weld a metal plate perpendicular to the frame. It is necessary to attach two metal plates to the other half of the frame - the upper step is welded to them on top.

In order to ensure reliable fixation, cuts are formed at the level with the support plate, which will serve as a lock.

Making your own stepladder (video)

Manufacturing of other types of stepladders

Some structures cannot always be conveniently transported in a disassembled state. To make the structure solid, the part on which the steps are located is made somewhat longer.

At a distance of 10-15 cm from the highest step, a special gap is drilled and cut in the profile pipe.

The ends of the halves are inserted into it without steps. These parts are soaked in milk and flattened. After this, a through hole is drilled in the frame, and the section of the structure is fixed using a lock nut.

In order to assemble a transforming stepladder, you should initially carry out a design calculation, and then perform the following steps:

8 pipe sections of the same length are cut.
Steps are cut from a sheet of metal. The step size can be set to any size.
The steps are attached so that on both sides of the sections they are located at the same distance from each other.
Fitting is carried out and the sections are connected using locking mechanisms.
The stepladder is treated with a primer and coated with paint.

To create a transforming ladder, you will need the same set of tools and materials as for the classic analogue of the design, but instead of belts, stop mechanisms will be used.

The technology for assembling a sliding stepladder is practically no different from the installation algorithm of the two previous types.

All load-bearing sections are made according to the transformer principle and are connected to each other using sliding mechanisms. In this case, the outermost two sections are connected to each other according to the principle of a conventional stepladder.