Undoubtedly, automobile fuel is the most popular product today. Therefore, many would like to open a gas station. And even despite high level competition among sellers involved in the sale of fuel, this business is considered promising and profitable. Gas stations, not only today, but also in the future, will be able to bring good income to their owners, since the number of cars in cities is steadily growing from year to year.
According to experts, depending on the location of the gas station and the locality, engaging in such a business can earn up to a million rubles in profit per month. But we must keep in mind that when looking for an answer to the question: how much does it cost to open a gas station, it turns out that it is impossible to organize this business. According to rough estimates, an amount of 10 million rubles will be required, which is slightly less.
Opening a gas station is quite a troublesome business, so when deciding to start this type of business, you need to know some of its nuances and features in advance. Perhaps, having understood everything, you will be able to more accurately calculate the cost of opening a gas station. Today, there are two ways to build this type of business, such as opening a gas station. One of them is opening a small gas station under your own brand, the operation of which does not require cooperation with large companies. The second way is called building a franchise business. Many sources claim that franchising is the most cost-effective way to start a business. This can be explained by a number of reasons.
To take or not to take a franchise
Let's start with the fact that the process of creating this type of business contains many nuances, so it will be much easier to bring this idea to life by following the advice of experienced specialists. And there should be no doubt that large companies engaged in the oil business employ experienced employees. Therefore, they can always clearly advise you on what is needed to open a gas station, in particular, what equipment to purchase and what scale to choose so that it is optimal for your situation, and how to draw up the documents correctly. In addition, with their help it will be easier for you to find a reliable company specializing in the construction of gas stations.
Another reason for choosing franchising to open a gas station is the opportunity to work with branded companies. It's no secret that today at small gas stations you can often fill your car with low-quality fuel, after which problems with the car begin to arise. This is why many motorists prefer to buy fuel at gas stations that work with large oil companies such as Rosneft. In other words, a well-promoted brand large companies helps increase sales volumes. Of course, for this partnership, which brings benefits, you will have to share the profits with your “mentor,” but there is no doubt that it is worth it.
You also need to know about the disadvantages
True, this approach to creating your own business also has disadvantages. When they explain how to open a gas station under a franchise agreement, they try not to talk about them. For example, some of the companies offering franchises stipulate that the entire work process will have to take place under the guidance of a specially hired manager. At the same time, it doesn’t matter to them that it’s yours own business. Such a manager, as a rule, manages the affairs of several gas stations at once and over time begins to behave like an owner. And if you eventually have a desire to open a gas station on your own territory, for example, then most likely you will have to coordinate your plan with a hired manager.
Choosing a place for a gas station
If you have already decided for yourself which way of building a business suits you best, now you will need to choose a site for your gas station. When choosing a plot of land for a gas station, you need to take into account that it must certainly meet a number of requirements, in particular, the nearest residential building must be located at a distance of at least 30 meters from it. All requirements for the site and refueling are listed in the relevant documents; you can familiarize yourself with them at the authorities of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy and Rospotrebnadzor. After land plot selected for the construction of a gas station, you need to take care of drawing up complete project documentation and its approval by Rospotrebnadzor. Thus, you will have the opportunity to start construction and if you try, it will not turn into a long-term construction.
Note: You can download a ready-made gas station business plan from our partners with a quality guarantee!
Partners have their own requirements
If you have chosen franchising to build your business, then you will need to choose a site for a gas station taking into account the requirements of the company that owns the franchise. For example, many large fuel companies have strict requirements for the width of passage to the gas station territory, the number of square meters gas station and even to the lawn in front of the gas station. If the plot that you have selected does not meet the requirements, then you will have to make a choice, either look for a new partner, or look for a new plot of land. It is quite difficult to name even an approximate amount of costs that will be required for a plot of land suitable for a gas station, since it depends on many factors, in particular, on the location, on the type of settlement and much more. So, in major cities In Russia, you can rent such a plot for an average of one hundred thousand rubles per month.
It is better to entrust the construction of gas stations to professionals
Once a site that meets all the requirements has been selected, you can start looking for a construction company that has experience in the construction of gas stations. Companies with this specialization usually offer their clients a turnkey construction service for gas stations. In addition, they can select specifically for the gas station they built. best option set of equipment. Today, two refueling installations with a head computer can cost you about a million rubles.
The main selection criterion construction company should be its reliability. The longer a company operates in the construction market, the more gas stations it has built, which means there is no doubt about its reliability. But we must definitely remember that it is better to give preference to professionals. If you decide to start creating your own business “under the wing” of a large brand company, then all you have to do is follow the advice that its specialists will give you. By the way, they say that some giants of this type of business have affiliated companies, specializing in the construction of such facilities.
Fuel supplies to gas stations
On next stage To build a business, it is necessary to arrange fuel supplies to gas stations. To put it bluntly, resolving this important issue will not be easy. In today's fight against competitors, high-quality fuel is often decisive factor. Therefore, you need to try to find a conscientious partner. Standard scheme supplies can be represented as follows: an oil refinery produces fuel, which is supplied to bases and storage facilities, and only then distributed to gas stations. It must be admitted that today the quality of produced fuel leaves much to be desired.
To prevent “well-wishers” from reducing the quality of gasoline during transportation, you need to try to arrange supplies so that along the entire route from the oil refinery to Gas station fuel was under constant control. This will allow you to receive fuel of the same quality as it was when it left the factory. For various reasons, this is not easy to do.
A little about gas station safety
Gas station security deserves special attention. To solve this issue, it is enough to take some measures, in particular, organize security of the station and establish panic button, equip a place for the cashier, protecting it with armored doors and glass. It must be taken into account that workplace The cashier should not be visible from the street.
List: what you need to open a gas station
During the entire time you are building your business, you will have to deal with the preparation of the following documents:
- Make a complete project documentation for a gas station and a land plot. It must be agreed with Rospotrebnadzor;
- You must have permission from the SES and environmental service to trade in fuel. In the future, periodic checks will be carried out to ensure that the organization of your work complies with established standards;
- You will need to obtain a license to sell and store fuel. It is issued by local authorities of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy;
- You must have a fire department permit to sell fuel. It will be given to you after they check that your gas station complies with all standards. fire safety;
- It will be necessary to conclude agreements for the servicing of gas stations by housing and communal services for garbage removal and deratization;
- All fuel supplied to your gas station must have certificates.
You will learn about other documents as you work.
If you are seriously interested in the retail sale of petroleum products, be prepared to pay a lot of attention to the safety of personnel, customers and environment. Before opening a gas station, you need to draw up documents confirming that the newly created facility for storing and selling petroleum products meets all regulatory requirements federal and municipal authorities.
In this article we will tell you how to modern conditions you can open a gas station, and how to avoid mistakes that can ruin the entire starting business and prevent the opening of a gas station as a legal and promising facility.
Which gas station to open?
What do you need to open a gas station?
After state control over the gas station business was significantly weakened in 2012, it became a little easier for entrepreneurs to comply with all the requirements of federal and municipal legislation. However, before starting to make money at a gas station, a businessman must obtain a number of permits.
Enterprise registration
Work on the creation of a gas station cannot begin before the registration of the enterprise. An entrepreneur can choose an organizational and legal form based on the conditions in which the business is launched. The law allows opening gas stations both on a legal basis and on a individual. , the businessman himself decides.
Acceptable tax systems:
- general (OSNO);
- simplified (USN).
Regardless of taxation, an enterprise that operates a gas station must pay VAT.
However, before opening a gas station as a franchise, a businessman should study in detail the terms of the concession (franchise) agreement of the intended partner. Fulfilling all the conditions of the franchise is a very expensive pleasure. According to experts, the implementation of one franchise major project may cost up to US$1 million (including lump sum).
Whether gas stations operate under the auspices of famous brand the success of the entire project can be judged by the situation on Russian market V retail trade petroleum products.
It is obvious that large chains are increasing their presence, but at the same time, regional gas stations are increasingly appearing, offering their customers high-quality service and excellent gasoline. Such developing franchises may well be available to a novice entrepreneur and will help him achieve planned economic results in a short time.
Statistics claim that the ratio between the cost of fuel and lubricants, sales volumes and profit in Russia is 20%.
The marginal income of Russian gas stations is higher than in Europe, because each gas station has significantly more customers than in the West.
Even though oil companies occupy part of the market, there is still room for independent players in cities and towns. So you can safely choose a place for construction and draw up a business plan for a gas station. A gas station will turn into if:
- correctly balance the costs required for its construction, opening and maintenance;
- correctly calculate the number of clients and the personnel required to service them;
- choose right place to accommodate the gas station.
What does it take to open your own gas station?
First you need to decide which type of gas station construction is most profitable in a given situation. locality.
- Container gas station. In a container station, fuel and equipment for its distribution are located inside an above-ground container. This is convenient for mini-refueling in small towns or away from the main traffic.
- A standard gas station where the storage tanks are located underground. The construction and opening of this will require more funds, so it can only be located in very convenient and busy places.
After choosing the type of gas station, you need to think about what will be more profitable: franchising or independent trade. The advantage of the first is constant assistance, the positive features of the second are the absolute freedom to choose suppliers and additional services.
Now we need to analyze the market and find a profitable place to build a gas station. Naturally, the more active the movement, the greater the profit. However, it is important to remember: a gas station cannot be located closer than 40-50 m to residential buildings.
Having decided on the construction site, you can draw up a business plan.
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At the very beginning, it is necessary to competently justify the need for the construction of another gas station. Do this only if the entrepreneur:
- has an excellent understanding of the economy of his locality;
- knows how to competently express thoughts on paper.
- based focus: trade in AI-92 and diesel fuel;
- additional services: sale of auxiliary products, buffet, car servicing.
One of the main subsections of the resume will be the goals that the entrepreneur sets for himself when starting construction new station. Usually everyone has the same goal: obtaining maximum profit. But to achieve this goal you will have to solve various problems, for example:
- obtaining resources at competitive prices;
- meeting the needs of potential clients;
- provision of additional services, etc.
Further in the summary, you can indicate the relevance of the project not only for its compiler, but also for the locality (or section of the road). Reasons for relevance may be the lack of competitors, improved service for car owners, and saturation of the market with necessary goods.
The next subsection is the alleged problems and causes of possible losses. They are usually calculated during the analysis of the economic situation. Among them may be:
- economic and political instability;
- human factor leading to errors;
- emergency situations or natural disasters;
- short deliveries due to reasons beyond the control of the owner.
The approximate amount of possible damage is calculated and the conclusion is drawn: the construction and exit of a gas station to full power will take 1 year. Taking into account possible difficulties the project will pay off in 4 years.
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Information about personnel, taxes, profitability
This section indicates the number of planned employees. Remember that no enterprise can do without an accountant, director (manager), and worker. Another thing is that you can combine some responsibilities.
- Tax information is best presented in list form.
- Taxes on an enterprise depending on the form of ownership (13% or other amount established by law).
- 5% sales tax.
- Property taxes. Here it is best to list everything that the company owns.
- Social tax or contribution.
Now it is easy to calculate what percentage the profitability of the enterprise will be. However, it is still better to confirm the resulting number with additional arguments: lack of competition, need for additional services and etc.
You can proceed to drawing up a marketing plan for the construction of a gas station.
Typically it contains the following items.
- external environment. Here is a brief analysis of the economic and political situation and their possible influence on the progress of construction and operation of the gas station. Scientific, technical, environmental, and legal factors affecting the activities of the enterprise are taken into account and briefly described;
- a list of proposed suppliers and criteria for their selection is provided. It is especially important when choosing suppliers (fuels and lubricants or materials for construction) and work producers to take into account the financial terms of cooperation, the speed of delivery or completion of construction work, and the possibility of after-sales service;
- comparison with existing competitors, justification of the relevance of building a new gas station;
- a list of goods that are supposed to be sold at the gas station. This can be not only fuels and lubricants, but also related products. It is important to justify the profitability of their sales.
At the end of the section, the sources where information about the new gas station will be disseminated are indicated.
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Organizational plan
It begins with the legal basis for the project.
- Re-indicated legal form, lists all the documents that regulate the operation of enterprises of this type. The documents themselves will need to be attached separately.
- The following indicates how many people will work at the gas station, the order of their subordination, responsibilities and wage. The annual salary fund is calculated.
- the requirements for each employee are listed: level of education, qualifications, skills, etc.;
- The project implementation schedule is provided.
Fuel trading is quite profitable and promising business, which with a minimum of time costs brings up to 20% marginal income. Gasoline and diesel fuel will always be bought, despite crises and stagnation in the market, so gas stations are quite an interesting means of earning money.
General concepts
First, some background information. Investments in a gas station are quite large - they are almost impossible for a beginning businessman without experience and start-up capital.
The opening of a gas station can become good business or a way to save money
The payback period for one gas station opened in a good location is approximately three years. On the one hand, it’s not bad, on the other hand, there are more interesting and profitable ways to earn money. Most often, gas stations are viewed as a way to save money, rather than increase it. But if you take this business seriously, then from one gas station you can create an entire network in just 5-7 years. Gas stations are a risk-free type of business. They are guaranteed to buy gasoline from you, but for stable income you need a good place.
Types of gas stations
There are two types of gas stations:
- Ground (container filling stations).
- Stationary (reservoirs buried in the ground).
Typically, container refills are used as temporary: they require special conditions security. The owners of such gas stations undergo 2-3 times more examinations; inspectors, firefighters and other officials regularly visit them. This makes selling fuel unprofitable. Therefore, if you decide to seriously engage in the fuel sales business, then equip a full-fledged stationary gas station with underground tanks.
How to register
For normal operation you will need to open an LLC and register with the tax office on common system as a VAT payer. This required condition, since 98 out of 100 fuel suppliers work only with those gas stations that pay VAT. You can also open an individual entrepreneur, but then you will lose a large part of corporate clients and various companies, since they prefer to work with LLCs rather than private individuals. This will also open your door to the tender market - signed contracts will bring you serious ongoing profits.
It is necessary to trade several types of fuel to increase the number of customers
Choosing land
The most difficult thing is to find a suitable site. It should be in a place where there is heavy traffic. This could be a major highway, an interchange, a highway, or a large gas station. Ideally, the site should be located in a populated area or at the exit from it.
If you do not have experience in selling fuel, then conduct independent examination, which will determine the success of the choice made. You need to find out whether it is possible to place a road service facility - a gas station - on a given site.
Note:The chosen location should have convenient access. You should not choose a site 30-50 meters from the highway - the equipment for the exit will eat up quite a lot of money.
What permissions are needed
Once you have decided on the form of activity, you must:
- Obtain OKVED codes from the tax service.
- Create design documentation for gas stations. It would be more correct to order project development from a specialized organization if you do not have the relevant experience.
- Coordinate the created project with Rospotrebnadzor.
- Develop and agree on regulations on production control.
- Conclude an agreement with a company that will remove solid waste from your facility.
- Conclude agreements for periodic deratization of the facility.
- Submit the package of documents to the environmental service and obtain the appropriate permission from them.
- Obtain permission to open from the sanitary and epidemiological station.
- Send a request to the Ministry of Energy and obtain a permit for fuel storage.
- Select personnel and conduct employee certification.
Note:all documents must be prepared in strict accordance with legal requirements. To save time and nerves, it is better to order them from specialized companies.
Leasing will help you save up to 80% of the investment amount, but it will pay off much longer
It is noteworthy that in different regions In Russia, the requirements for opening a gas station are different, so you should discuss all issues with specialists in advance.
Requirements for gas stations
All basic requirements for refueling can be divided into:
- Territorial.
- Construction.
- Environmental and sanitary-hygienic.
- Technological.
It should be understood that gas stations are high-risk facilities. Increased demands are placed on them, and any violations can lead to tragedy. Therefore, be sure to study the requirements of the “Rules for technical operation Gas station" RD 153-39.2-080-01 and "Fire safety requirements for gas stations" NBP 111-98.
Necessary equipment
All purchased equipment must meet relevant standards and have quality certificates. There are quite a lot of companies involved in the sale of equipment for gas stations. You can purchase it or lease it.
You must trade at least four types of fuel: AI-92, AI-95, AI-98 and diesel fuel. You can expand the range to Euro varieties.
You will need:
- Tank for storing each type of fuel 4 pieces, 15 cubic meters each.
- Spare tank of 15 cubic meters for pumping out fuel in case of an accident.
- Tank with a volume of 10 cubic meters for creating a storm drain.
- Fuel dispensers (minimum 2 pieces) with 2-3 sleeves.
The fuel dispenser includes not only the dispenser itself, but also all the necessary cables, shut-off valves, control panels, etc. The only thing you will need is a computer with software to control sales.
The software controls the entire process from filling fuel tanks to selling it to drivers. This allows you to avoid controversial situations and monitor your employees for honesty.
At first, you can do without tankers
Staff
Considering the issue, how much does it cost to open a gas station, We should focus on the personnel problem. You will need:
- Supervisor. He will bear full responsibility for the work of hired employees, control issues production process and safety precautions. He must understand the bus station software and resolve any issues.
- At least two operators (preferably 4, working in shifts). They are responsible for pouring fuel into tanks and handing over the proceeds.
- Repairman-guard. This person will monitor safety at night, remove garbage, snow, conduct Maintenance buildings, receive fuel, etc.
You can also hire two gas station attendants, which will increase the attractiveness of the gas station in the eyes of customers, but at first you can do without them.
Profitability
To get everything Required documents to open, you will need 4-6 months (depending on the region and the chosen site). On construction works Usually it takes about 6 months. In total, about 12 million rubles must be invested in a full-fledged refueling station for 4 types of fuel, with a modern building and pumps. The amount is not small, but proper operation and advertising it will pay for itself in 3 years. In just 10-12 months, having found regular customers, you will be able to start building a second gas station using the income received from the first. Classmates