Do-it-yourself homemade circular saw, design drawings, diagrams and detailed description.
Description of the design.
In the considered embodiment, the following adjustment units are provided:
1. The belt is tensioned by four M8 bolts, which press the moving part of the mechanism against the stationary one. An electric motor is attached to the moving part of the mechanism. It has four M8 threaded holes cut into it. In the fixed part there are grooves made to suit the size of the adjusting bolts. The movable frame slides along the bolts to the right or left. The adjustment is made in the following sequence: loosen the bolts; We tighten the belt with our hands, pressing on the electric motor: we tighten the bolts.
2. The cutting depth is adjusted by rotating the entire assembly unit saw blade relative to the axis. The axis is located in the opposite part of the machine, relative to the fixation nuts. Fixation of the desired position is carried out with two M12 fixation nuts for a size 19 wrench.
3. The width of the cut or a guide plane along the saw blade, made from an alloy corner measuring 30x70 (mm). Pins with tension are inserted into a small part of the angle, with the help of which the angle easily moves along the through grooves made in the machine plate. In the middle of the pins, at the bottom of the plate, there is an M8 bolt. In the desired position, the corner is fixed on the table with wing nuts.
View of the adjustment unit from the bottom of the table
View of the adjustment unit from above the table
Circular saw characteristics:
Power, W – 750
Power supply, V – 220
Number of revolutions per minute, rpm – 1500
Saw blade diameter, mm – 180
Saw blade seat diameter, mm – 20
Maximum cutting depth, mm – 50
Maximum cutting width from the guide plane, mm – 150
Dimensions:
Width, mm – 450
Length, mm – 700
Height, mm – 411
Design features:
Homemade circular saw with double-row ball bearings, which significantly increases the service life of the equipment
the bed is made of square pipe, the possibility of permanently attaching it to the floor or workbench is provided
table six millimeters thick, made of metal plate
installed inside the frame protective cover from wood shavings, made from sheet metal thickness 0.8 ... 1.0 mm
IN household A circular saw always comes in handy. Major repairs are a costly and troublesome task. Not everyone can afford to buy expensive processing tools. wooden materials. A DIY circular saw allows you to produce safe work and speed up the construction process. A saw made by yourself has a number of advantages, such as reliability, efficiency and sharpening for immediate needs.
A circular saw
Purpose of a circular saw
Before you begin assembling the machine, you need to clearly define its purpose. For preparing firewood and simply cutting large pieces of wood, a firmly fixed table with a slot for a saw is sufficient. This type common in villages and rural areas, the machines do not differ in safety and increased functionality.
To perform a more diverse range of carpentry work you will need the best option. The circular machine must be equipped coordinate table with special guides, this allows you to change the degree. The manufacture of small-sized products requires increased safety. Speed control is installed and discs can be changed.
Design features of a circular machine
Circulars of any fixed type consist of main parts.
- Table for connecting mechanisms. Assembly matched to engines more power preferably with a table made entirely of metal. The surface of the table must be made level with your own hands, for a higher quality product at the end.
- The engine in most cases is used from what is in stock. Electric motors designed for for a long time operation from the network will be preferable to commutator drives.
- The shaft is the most critical component of the circular. Finished goods are used most often; in other cases, the unit is made on lathe. It is important to calculate mounting holes, eliminate runout.
Desktop table circular saw made with your own hands can be used as cutting machine. The cut cannot reach more than 8 cm, so larger jobs will require the use of a larger machine.
Stationary machine with your own hands
To perform everyday or one-time tasks, a hand-made circular saw is quite suitable. Small-volume sawing work does not imply heavy loads on the disk drive. Compact tool It has small dimensions, which makes it possible to remove it after finishing work in a certain place. For experienced carpenter you will need to make a large stationary type circular.
Making a stationary circular saw with your own hands will require precision and literacy from the master. Drawings presented in many types of literature will help in manufacturing. It is worthwhile to treat every component of the unit competently and carefully, because the circular machine is used at high speeds with a cutting tool.
Circulation table
Saw blade
The design of a DIY circular saw must contain a saw blade. Working surface the disk is installed at one third of the total diameter. For example, with a diameter of 210 mm, the disk should protrude 70 mm from the table. Parts with greater thickness will require a powerful motor, from 1 kW. A miniature circular saw will not cope with such tasks.
The splitting knife installed on some models serves to prevent short circuits and jamming during operation. It is located at the back a few millimeters from the teeth of the saw blade. The device may also be needed when making a circular saw with your own hands.
Adjustable side support
Any type of work will require a stop. The side support is made of a block of dense wood. In other cases, it is possible to manufacture from metal corner. The arrangement should be slightly longer than the table structure. The stop is installed using bolts. The template is installed between the table and the cutter for precise installation and better settings.
Shaft
Homemade shaft
The most important part of the design is the shaft mounted on the circular saw. A self-made shaft for a circular saw can damage the structure and cause injury. The reason for this is runout, which cannot be avoided when making a shaft using artisanal methods. The manufacture of the shaft should be entrusted to a specialist with good turning equipment. It should be remembered that there is a cutter that needs seat. The holes must be symmetrically machined and machined.
Finished shafts are sold in specialized markets. Preference should be given to parts with a self-aligning bearing. Otherwise, the conventional mechanism may soon render the circular machine unusable.
Broadcast
There are several types of gears that can be used in the design of a DIY circular saw:
- V-belt transmission;
- mechanism consisting of gears.
The preferred option is to use a belt drive. Using a mechanism with gears can lead to jamming if a foreign body enters and injury to the worker. When choosing the pulley diameter, take into account maximum amount revolutions of the saw blade.
Motor
Homemade machines are equipped in most cases with an engine from an old washing machine. The main features are increased service life and efficiency. The speed of such engines is not high, which makes working on a circular saw assembled with your own hands safer, longer, and has a positive influence on the result. Using special three phase motor implies the presence of a 380 Volt network. If one is not available, you will have to use a starting and running capacitor, which leads to additional costs.
Circular saw from a grinder or circular saw
When working with small workpieces, it is enough to get by with a small circular saw. A circular saw is made with your own hands from available power tools; you will need a grinder or a circular saw.
There are many options for stationary use of improvised tools. It is enough to secure the device from the bottom of the table to access the material to the disk. The height is adjustable depending on the workpiece, but for safety reasons should not exceed one third of the size of the saw blade. This installation option is not available for the switch; it is necessary to modify the device for convenient operation.
A fairly common option is to use a frame on guides. The simple design allows you to use the tool to work at any angle. Consists of two parallel installed metal pipes or corners on which the saw is mounted.
A hand-made circular saw makes the work you do faster and more economical. Such a device will be needed when major renovation and other activities related to cutting wood. The simplicity of the design, the possibility of using scrap materials, makes the cost almost zero, and making it yourself allows you to add the necessary functionality for the job.
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Nowadays they are quite common homemade saws. You should know that making a circular saw with your own hands is not difficult. For construction similar product you only need basic skills to work with metal appliances. All manipulations must be performed carefully. It should be noted that such a homemade tool is a useful thing.
For full-fledged work For cutting, you will need a table with a circular saw, which you can make yourself.
Drawings of a stationary and hand-held circular saw can be seen in Fig. 1 and fig. 2.
It makes sense to make a saw of this type when some of these materials are available: pieces of steel angle, a non-working engine or elements from an angle grinder. If you don’t have an electric motor, you can buy one at a hardware store.
Figure 1. Layout diagram of a stationary circular saw.
A do-it-yourself circular saw can be made when a grinder is available. To complete all the work you will need to prepare the following elements:
- aluminum corner;
- Bulgarian;
- metal pipe or rod;
- nuts;
- strip of metal.
You will also need to additionally make the following products with your own hands:
- sliding stop;
- axial handle.
How to make stops and holes?
The first step is to build a stop and prepare the necessary holes. This design assembled from small pieces of metal corner. They will be located on two sides of the working element, which in this case will be a disk with teeth used instead of an abrasive wheel. On each side you need to make indentations of approximately 2-5 mm. Horizontal edges should be smoothed at the bottom so that they do not touch the part being cut. The corners will need to be secured with transverse ligaments at the front and back. It is recommended to use bolts and nuts as fasteners. The recess can be made by installing several washers.
Figure 2. Design of a hand-held portable circular saw.
A clamp made of a metal strip should be placed on the body of the device. The clamp tie must be placed at the bottom of the product. You will definitely need to securely fix the tin or steel strip, which folds in half. Then you need to prepare a hole for the rear fastener for a stop, due to which sliding will occur. The stop should be secured to the rear of the fixture. To do this, you need to select a strip of metal with a thickness of 1.2-1.6 mm. By moving the washers, you can get identical gaps between the toothed disk and the side stops.
In the gearbox housing of the product, you will need to drill several recesses with threads for elements for fastening small sizes. First you will need to disassemble the gearbox to determine where the holes can be placed. The recesses are needed so that the axial handle can be secured. If you plan to use an ordinary side handle of an angle grinder, then even a qualified craftsman with relevant experience will not be able to make the correct cut.
Making a handle and rod for adjustment
The axial handle can be constructed from a tube or rod in the form of a horn, which is directed upward. You can also use a narrow transverse bracket. The extreme parts with which it will be attached to the gearbox do not need to be spilled. In these parts, recesses should be prepared for fastening elements. If the ends of the fasteners spill, the handle may bend from the effort during operation.
If the handle has the shape of a horn, then its far side should be splashed in a horizontal plane and a recess should be made under the axis with a margin of 2.5-3 mm. A piece of rod or pipe sticking forward should be inserted into the recesses that are located in the gearbox. The outermost part of the element must be splashed and a recess must be made in it. There should be a distance of approximately 10 cm between the rod and the bracket.
Next you need to take a piece of 3-4 mm aluminum rod. You will need to bend one part of it into a loop, spread it a little and drill a recess for the front bolt for support. By placing washers on the front of the stop, you will need to create a uniform gap width along the entire length of the fixture. If you plan to use a 6 mm rod, you will need to prepare several washers of small thickness.
A thread must be cut on the back of the rod. The element should fit into the recess on the handle. You must first put one nut on it during the assembly process and another one at the end. You will need to loosen and tighten the nuts gradually to be able to adjust the cutting depth. At this stage the tool is ready for use.
Small table saw
You should know that you can easily convert a manual circular saw into a small desktop device with your own hands. To do this, you need to build a frame from a 16-22 mm tube or rod and attach a lever. The lower part of the table should be curved in the direction of the cut, after which the element is attached to the table with self-tapping screws. For the stability of the structure, it is recommended to provide for the installation of slopes.
It is worth noting that for such homemade instrument I need a stable table. Its swinging during work can become dangerous. You can use ordinary kitchen table from wooden beam and metal profiles.
A T-tube rotating lever should be placed on the cross member. The transverse part of the part is cut into several fragments. When the structure is installed, the elements should be connected with clamps. You will need to tighten it to the extreme vertical part using a clamp. hand tool which was done earlier.
This device can also be used as a cutting tool. You just need to insert an ordinary cutting circle into the grinder. However, in this case, the cut thickness will be less than 75-80 mm. If you plan to process wood large thickness, then you will need a full-fledged homemade circular saw.
How to make a stationary saw?
To build a machine of this type, drawings will be needed. Is different stationary saw from the tabletop only by the height of the bed.
An important part of the bed is a flat and wide base with a slot for a file. It can be built from plexiglass, chipboard or iron sheet. The thickness of the cover on which the wire is secured in such a design is determined based on the loads. The bed cover must be removable so that all machine components can be easily accessed.
The first component of the structure that you will need to make yourself is the table. It should be covered with a sheet of tin or steel. Wood rubs against wood or plastic, causing a small hole to appear. Therefore, it will not be possible to make a high-quality cut. The transverse ligaments of the table will need to be made from aluminum corner 60-70 mm.
If the bar is sliding, then the table cover must have strictly parallel sides.
The slide can be made from an aluminum angle, which will allow you to slide smoothly along the edge without losing the angle.
Care must be taken that the toothed disc does not protrude more than 1/3 of the diameter above the base of the table, otherwise the tool will be dangerous. If you need to cut a 10 cm block, then the diameter of the disc should be 35 cm or more. To drive the disk you will need an electric motor with a power of at least 1 kW.
First of all, you need to compare the power of the prepared electric motor with your personal needs. For parts 15 cm or more, making a cutting tool yourself is very difficult.
If it is not possible to make a circular saw with your own hands with an electric motor high power, then you can use a hand-held circular saw, grinder or electric drill.
A cutting round file can be attached to any of these elements. They are small in size and can be used as an electric drive for cutting boards of small thickness. It is recommended to attach such devices to the bottom of the table cover.
A high-quality adjustable stop can be made from a piece of corner 7-8 cm, and its length should be 3.5-4 cm longer than the length of the table. Next, you need to cut the shelf on both sides so that the remainder is equal to the length of the table. The back parts are curved down. In the lower shelves it will be necessary to prepare recesses for the threads of elements for fastening. After this, you should put the stop on the table and fasten it in the desired position with bolts. The stop should be set according to the template, which must first be installed between it and the working element of the device.
Particular attention must be paid to the shaft. Best to apply finished part with space to install the disk. It can be bought at any retail store building materials and tools.
Bearings must be used. You can install them yourself. Trunnions must be equipped with covers. These elements help protect the structure from sawdust.
It should be provided V-belt transmission. The electric motor can be taken, for example, from an unused washing machine. Capacitors should be paper or oil. Other parts will not be able to withstand the reactive power that will circulate in the circuit.
If you plan to trim parts, then a carriage will come in handy. This element consists of guide bars that are attached to plywood.
Construction circular saw at home is not a complicated process; you just need to prepare all the necessary elements, choose the appropriate type of structure and follow these instructions.
A universal toolkit is a necessity in every man’s workshop if he is used to working construction work on one's own. However, it is not necessary to buy all items at the market or special stores, following certain instructions, sometimes it is even easy to make circular saw with your own hands.
What is the structure?
To make a circular machine you do not need to have special technical knowledge. The main thing is to free up some time and purchase ordinary lumber for manufacturing.
Before starting the process, it is necessary to calculate what load the future tool must withstand. For powerful devices, reinforced metal structure, which forms the basis of the machine. But under the condition of manual labor, this aspect should be forgotten.
In order for a homemade circular machine to be actively used in the future, you need to correctly calculate its parameters and dimensions. Depending on the type of tool, select special type beds.
The second condition before starting production is the correct calculation of power. For home use, a unit with a power of no more than 850 W is sufficient. If you plan to use the tool for active and long-term construction, then a machine with large parameters and endurance is required.
For high productivity, the machine must have a solid base made of steel or metal profile. If necessary, the structure should be concreted to the floor. Otherwise, every person exposes his health to great danger.
Manufacturing of a stationary device
If the workshop does not have one, a medium-sized device can easily be made independently, following certain rules and instructions.
Circular saw design
Buy upscale sawing machine, manufactured at the factory, is very expensive, it is beyond the means of many men. Homemade option will cost ten times less.
You must first prepare the following tools and materials:
- sheet of steel 1200 by 700 mm, at least 3 mm thick;
- metal corner 50 by 50 mm;
- asynchronous motor 220 V;
- pulley;
- a shaft equipped with a pulley and a bearing;
- disk;
- bolts (it is better to take M10);
- electric drill;
- clamps.
First you need to buy an equipped shaft and fasteners that will be mounted on it. cutting disc. The easiest way to purchase material is in specialized construction stores or markets, but it is also worth asking in private workshops. Taking a steel sheet, you need to weld the frame using a frame, and temporarily attach it.
The next stage is marking the future location of the electric motor. In the resulting frame you need to weld two flat corner tops up for future mounting of the engine and shaft. The resulting frame is welded to steel sheet and secured with clamps. On the sheet you need to cut grooves for the disks and holes with a diameter of 10 mm to secure the motor and shaft. The grooves must be cut in accordance with the dimensions of the motor.
After this, it is necessary to cut four blanks in the form of corners to form the legs, they are welded into different angles designed frame.
Clean the resulting device from dirt, dust and rust.
Cover the top with special paint for metal surfaces. It is necessary to attach a V-belt, shaft and motor to the inside of the resulting table. The belt is tensioned by moving the engine along pre-prepared grooves. At the end of the work, the M10 bolts are tightened tightly to ensure safe operation of the device in the future.
Circular table from a hand-held circular saw
Making a wooden machine
Wooden machine from a hand-held circular saw – Alternative option the previous instrument, optimal solution For home use. To make it from manual circular saw, you should prepare the following tools and materials:
- plywood (1 sheet), optimal thickness 8 mm;
- wooden blocks 40 by 50 cm;
- universal glue;
- M8 bolts and self-tapping screws.
We take plywood and cut out a sheet of 100 by 60 cm, but the size varies depending on the size of the future machine.
Prepared wooden blocks are attached to one side of the sheet with glue. WITH inside it is necessary to apply a tool for precise marking and future location. Don't forget about the disc slot
Using a jigsaw or other tools, cut out a groove for the disk and drill small holes for future fastening.
After we have formed the groove, check whether the disk rotates freely in the groove; to do this, just turn the disk by hand
The legs should be attached to the side of the wooden blocks using prepared bolts and nuts.
The optimal height for the device is 90 cm; the body is attached in accordance with the pre-selected markings. It is important to ensure that the bolts do not protrude on the surface and fit tightly to the structure. The product must be coated with a special wood varnish and then painted.
In order for the material to be sawed efficiently using a circular saw with your own hands and in accordance with the required size, a wooden block is installed as a guide. For fastening, use clamps or prepared bolts with nuts.
Machine for desktop use
How to make a stationary circular saw is a common request of many men. However, its masters turn it into a mini model for desktop use, it helps to save required amount space, but the device will not perform its job worse.
To do this, you need to use a U-shaped statin assembly using a 14 mm diameter pipe. A transverse movable lever must be attached to it. During the manufacturing process, the ends must be curved upward in the direction of the cut. They must be bolted to the table.
In order for the statin to acquire maximum stability, it is necessary to make additional supports. A lever made of pre-welded pipe is attached to the jumper.
Staticity is broken by cutting the horizontal surface into two equal parts, but upon completion of installation they must be fastened with clamps. A saw is mounted on the vertical part using a clamp. It is important to note that the through-type cut should not exceed 80 mm.
If a craftsman needs to saw materials big size and thickness, then such a circular saw will not work. In this case, you will need a larger device with additional supports to ensure the necessary stability. Making a circular saw with your own hands will not be difficult if you correctly follow the instructions and measure all actions before performing them.
Machines of this kind are made from a circular saw, but for qualified processing, specialist drawings should also be used. A master cannot get by with just a circular saw.
– necessary and useful tool in the arsenal home handyman. It is especially necessary for those who work a lot with wood. To make a circular saw on your own, it is enough to have a great desire, necessary tools and know how to work with metal.
Serious tool
A self-built circular saw can be a stationary or tabletop model. At their core, they are one and the same. The devices differ only in the height of the frame. What height to choose will depend on the intensity of use of the workplace. If the saw is rarely used, it can be done in desktop version. If necessary, the structure can be disassembled and free up space in the workshop for other work. If a craftsman constantly works with wood, then a stationary circular saw is more suitable for him.
The stationary design consists of several main components: a table, a gear disk, an adjustable motor side stop and shaft.
To make it you will need:
- Sheet of metal with a thickness of at least 8 mm.
- Metal corner 45x45 mm.
- Electric motor.
- Metal disc with teeth (diameter 400 mm).
- Ball bearings.
- Welding machine.
- Wooden block.
- A piece of plastic or laminate.
Making a circular saw with your own hands will be much easier if you first draw up a drawing future design and indicate all the required dimensions. All parts are manufactured in accordance with the drawing and then assembled into a frame using a welding machine.
ABOUT longitudinal cutting of rolled products.
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Assembly of a stationary structure
The main part of the saw is the table. The tabletop must be made of sheet metal. Its dimensions depend on the preferences of the master. The main thing is that the circular saw with your own hands is stable and comfortable to work with. If required extra bed to install other devices, the surface can be covered with a sheet of thick plywood (Fig. 1).
Particular attention must be paid to the height of the guide. It is most convenient when the guide protrudes above the table by 120 mm. Experience shows that with this arrangement it becomes possible to process boards not only in width, but also in thickness.
Figure 1: A sheet of thick plywood is ideal for covering the surface of the countertop to accommodate additional accessories.
To make a guide for a circular saw, you will need 2 pieces of metal corner and a clamp that is welded to them. The metal part is deliberately made from two parts of the angle. The solid angle will guide you when the saw is working. You need to screw a wooden block to the corners using bolts and self-tapping screws, and attach a piece of plastic or laminate 120 mm wide to it. The length of the laminate piece should match the length of the table. This part should be set at an angle of 90° relative to the tabletop (Fig. 2).
A DIY circular saw should be height adjustable. In some designs, the table can be adjusted, but it is more convenient for work when you can raise and lower the saw itself.
A single platform is required to install the motor and shaft. It should be installed on one axis in the form of a rocker arm. It is fixed with a piece of bolt with a diameter of 15 mm, which is welded to it. On the side of the saw you need to weld a metal plate in which you first make a hole. Its shape should be oblong along the direction of the rocker. A bolt will pass through it, onto which a wing with handles should be screwed. The saw clamp is ready. If there is a need to adjust the height, the wing is unscrewed, the saw is aligned with the ruler and the wing is screwed back on. When using a disk with a diameter of 400 mm, you can process boards up to 240 mm wide (Fig. 3).
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Make other options
Figure 2. K wooden block it is necessary to attach a piece of laminate, the angle of which should be 90° relative to the tabletop.
A DIY circular saw can be made in manual version. The easiest way to make it is from a grinder, making some improvements to its design. On the grinder you need to install an axial handle and a sliding stop.
To make a sliding stop, 2 pieces of corner will be needed. They are located on the sides of a disk with teeth, which replaces abrasive wheel. The corners are attached with a gap of 3-4 mm. They are connected at the front and rear with bolts and nuts. To obtain clearance, washers must be used. The bottom edge of the corners should be rounded. Thanks to this, they will not cling to the objects being processed.
A do-it-yourself circular saw made from an angle grinder is equipped with a sliding stop. A clamp is attached to the body. It is made from metal tape. Its screed should be located at the bottom. A galvanized strip with a thickness of at least 1-1.5 mm is attached to the tape, on which a hole must first be made for the sliding stop bolt. Using washers, gaps are established between the working part and the side parts of the stop. The gaps must be the same size.
An axial handle is attached to the gearbox housing. To do this, the gearbox is disassembled so that you can determine at which points to make 4 holes for small bolts. The handle is made from a piece of pipe or rod and should have the shape of a staple. Its width is slightly wider than the master’s palm. At the ends with which it will be attached to the gearbox, it is necessary to drill holes for the bolts. It is not worth flaring the ends of the tube so that the handle does not bend during operation.
A piece of rod or tube protruding forward should be secured under the handle. Flare the end of the tube and make a hole for the axle 4-6 mm thick. The hole should be 4 mm larger. To make it convenient to work, a gap of at least 100-150 mm is left between the rod and the handle.
Figure 3. Diagram of a disk for a circular saw.
The next stage is the manufacture of the adjusting rod. To do this, you will need a piece of rod with a diameter of 4-6 mm. The end of the pipe is bent in the shape of a loop and slightly flared. Using washers at the front end of the stop, the same gap is established along the entire length.
The part of the rod that will fit into the hole on the handle must be threaded. Before inserting the rod, screw the nut onto it. The other nut is screwed on after assembly. The nuts will provide adjustment of the cutting depth. If necessary, they need to be released or tightened.