Matthiola (Matthiola) or gillyflower - herbaceous perennial or annual plant, belonging to the Cruciferous or Brassica family. There are about 50 varieties of this plant and the most popular of them are matthiola two-horned and grey-headed gillyflower. In its natural environment, matthiola bicorne grows in Asia Minor and Greece. The plant is a spreading annual, reaching a height of no more than 50 cm and having fragrant flowers. The flowering period of gillyflower occurs at the beginning of summer. Mattiola is excellent for growing in open ground not only in southern regions, but also in areas with harsh climates.
Matthiola varieties
Mattiola two-horned and grey-headed left-handed are the ancestors of 600 different varieties suitable for cultivation in open ground. They are divided according to flower size and shape into several groups:
- 1. Pyramid. In this group, varieties are divided into several subgroups. There are large-flowered varieties with double flowers, semi-tall ones, reaching a height of no more than 45 cm, and dwarf varieties with compact inflorescences.
- 2. Erfutskie. These varieties are used to decorate gardens and are grown for cutting. They have shoots reaching a height of no more than 40 cm and convex flowers.
- 3. Large-flowered giant trees. Distinctive feature of these varieties is that branching of the stems is observed only in the upper part of the matthiola. The inflorescences of plants are small, but dense with large flowers various colors.
- 4. Single-stem. Varieties belonging to this group are distinguished by single stems. Their inflorescences are powerful, consisting of large flowers.
- 5. Quedlinburg. These varieties have simple flowers, painted in a greenish-gray tint.
- 6. Bouquets. The plants look very compact and reach a height of no more than 40 cm. Their leaves are elongated, large, oval shape. The inflorescences consist of large flowers.
- 7. Spreading. These varieties are divided into 2 subgroups. The first group is called large-flowered and includes varieties that reach a height of no more than 70 cm. The second group is called remontant. This includes varieties that grow no more than 60 cm and have large flowers.
- 8. Gigantic bomb-shaped ones. Plants belonging to this group grow up to 60 cm in height. The shape of the bush is wide-pyramidal. The flowers of the varieties are densely double, reaching a diameter of about 4 cm.
Variety Lilac
One of the popular varieties of matthiola bicornuum is Lilac. The plant is frost-resistant and reaches a height of no more than 50 cm. This variety stands out for its thin pleasant aroma. Its flowers are colored purple.
Variety Thumbelina
This variety of matthiola bicornuum, like Thumbelina, looks very decorative. These plants are grown for cutting and decorated with them. personal plots, balconies and terraces. Flowers come in a variety of colors.
Variety Giant Lavender
Among the varieties of gray-haired gillyflower, Giant Lavender is common. The bush plant reaches a height of about 60 cm and has flowers painted in shades of pink. They are collected in large inflorescences.
Growing from seeds at home
Growing from seeds to seedlings at home is carried out in early or mid-spring. Before sown in the soil, Matthiola bicorn seeds are soaked in water until they swell, then wrapped in moistened gauze and put in the refrigerator for several days. They need to be planted in containers filled with moistened soil mixture, consisting of 1 part sand and 3 parts turf soil. It is not worth planting the seeds deep. The seedlings must be covered with polyethylene and the container must be placed in a dark place. The temperature in the room where the containers are located should be within +20...+22 degrees.
As soon as the shoots appear, the shelter will need to be removed and the containers moved to a well-lit place. The room temperature must be lowered to +12 degrees or the containers must be placed on the balcony. Two days after germination, the soil should be moistened. A few weeks after sowing, the seedlings must be planted in separate containers with holes for drainage. The prepared pots must be filled with a soil mixture consisting of sand, turf and leaf soil, taken in a ratio of 1:2:2. To strengthen the root system, it is recommended to add a little hydrogel to the soil before picking.
After the seedlings have 2 leaves, they must be fertilized with a special solution. It is prepared from 0.1 g of zinc and manganese sulfate, 0.3 g copper sulfate And boric acid. All components must be dissolved in a liter of water. Before planting seedlings in open ground they should be hardened. First, you need to open the window on the balcony for a few minutes, gradually increasing this time. The hardening procedure should begin several weeks before planting the seedlings in the ground.
Planting in open ground and further care
It is best to plant matthiola bicornuum in open ground in late spring, in the evening. The area should be well lit and drained. Levkoy prefers slightly alkaline and fertile soil. It is not recommended to fertilize the selected location before planting the plant. Planting holes must be filled with water, seedlings placed in them and sprinkled with soil on top. Dwarf varieties It is advisable to plant them at a distance of 15 cm from each other, and tall ones at intervals of 25 cm.
Caring for matthiola bicornuum in open ground involves timely moistening and loosening of the soil, and applying fertilizing. The plant does not tolerate a lack or excess of moisture, so it should be watered moderately but regularly. In dry weather, it is recommended to increase the frequency of watering. After moistening, the soil must be loosened and weeds removed if necessary.
Matthiola bicornuum needs to be fed with complex mineral fertilizers. From organic fertilizers Only ash is suitable for the plant. IN spring period you need to add a complex fertilizer to the soil, and during flowering - a potassium-phosphorus mixture.
In Siberia and other regions with cold winters, matthiola bicornuum with the ending autumn period must be removed from the soil and disposed of. The area where the plant grew should be dug up. In areas with mild climates, with the onset of winter, it is recommended to prune the leaves to surface level. Matthiola can also be moved into a pot and placed in the house.
Matthiola or gillyflower is a herbaceous perennial or annual plant belonging to the Cruciferous or Brassicaceae family. There are about 50 varieties of this plant and the most popular of them are matthiola two-horned and grey-headed gillyflower. In its natural environment, matthiola bicorne grows in Asia Minor and Greece. The plant is a spreading annual, reaching a height of no more than 50 cm and having fragrant flowers. The flowering period of gillyflower occurs at the beginning of summer. Mattiola is excellent for growing in open ground not only in the southern regions, but also in areas with harsh climates.
Matthiola varieties
Mattiola two-horned and grey-headed left-handed are the ancestors of 600 different varieties suitable for cultivation in open ground. They are divided according to flower size and shape into several groups:
- 1. Pyramid. In this group, varieties are divided into several subgroups. There are large-flowered varieties with double flowers, semi-tall ones, reaching a height of no more than 45 cm, and dwarf varieties with compact inflorescences.
- 2. Erfutskie. These varieties are used to decorate gardens and are grown for cutting. They have shoots reaching a height of no more than 40 cm and convex flowers.
- 3. Large-flowered giant trees. A distinctive feature of these varieties is that branching of the stems is observed only in the upper part of the matthiola. The inflorescences of plants are small but dense with large flowers of various colors.
- 4. Single-stem. Varieties belonging to this group are distinguished by single stems. Their inflorescences are powerful, consisting of large flowers.
- 5. Quedlinburg. These varieties have simple flowers, colored greenish-gray.
- 6. Bouquets. The plants look very compact and reach a height of no more than 40 cm. Their leaves are elongated, large, and oval in shape. The inflorescences consist of large flowers.
- 7. Spreading. These varieties are divided into 2 subgroups. The first group is called large-flowered and includes varieties that reach a height of no more than 70 cm. The second group is called remontant. This includes varieties that grow no more than 60 cm and have large flowers.
- 8. Gigantic bomb-shaped ones. Plants belonging to this group grow up to 60 cm in height. The shape of the bush is wide-pyramidal. The flowers of the varieties are densely double, reaching a diameter of about 4 cm.
Variety Lilac
One of the popular varieties of matthiola bicornuum is Lilac. The plant is frost-resistant and reaches a height of no more than 50 cm. This variety stands out for its delicate, pleasant aroma. Its flowers are colored purple.
Variety Thumbelina
This variety of matthiola bicornuum, like Thumbelina, looks very decorative. These plants are grown for cutting and used to decorate garden plots, balconies and terraces. Flowers come in a variety of colors.
Variety Giant Lavender
Among the varieties of gray-haired gillyflower, Giant Lavender is common. The bush plant reaches a height of about 60 cm and has flowers painted in shades of pink. They are collected in large inflorescences.
Growing from seeds at home
Growing from seeds to seedlings at home is carried out in early or mid-spring. Before sown in the soil, Matthiola bicorn seeds are soaked in water until they swell, then wrapped in moistened gauze and put in the refrigerator for several days. They need to be planted in containers filled with a moist soil mixture consisting of 1 part sand and 3 parts turf soil. It is not worth planting the seeds deep. The seedlings must be covered with polyethylene and the container must be placed in a dark place. The temperature in the room where the containers are located should be within +20...+22 degrees.
As soon as the shoots appear, the shelter will need to be removed and the containers moved to a well-lit place. The room temperature must be lowered to +12 degrees or the containers must be placed on the balcony. Two days after germination, the soil should be moistened. A few weeks after sowing, the seedlings must be planted in separate containers with holes for drainage. The prepared pots must be filled with a soil mixture consisting of sand, turf and leaf soil, taken in a ratio of 1:2:2. To strengthen the root system, it is recommended to add a little hydrogel to the soil before picking.
After the seedlings have 2 leaves, they must be fertilized with a special solution. It is prepared from 0.1 g of zinc and manganese sulfate, 0.3 g of copper sulfate and boric acid. All components must be dissolved in a liter of water. Before planting seedlings in open ground, they should be hardened off. First, you need to open the window on the balcony for a few minutes, gradually increasing this time. The hardening procedure should begin several weeks before planting the seedlings in the ground.
Planting in open ground and further care
It is best to plant matthiola bicornuum in open ground in late spring, in the evening. The area should be well lit and drained. Levkoy prefers slightly alkaline and fertile soil. It is not recommended to fertilize the selected location before planting the plant. Planting holes must be filled with water, seedlings placed in them and sprinkled with soil on top. It is advisable to plant dwarf varieties at a distance of 15 cm from each other, and tall ones at intervals of 25 cm.
Caring for matthiola bicornuum in open ground involves timely moistening and loosening of the soil, and applying fertilizing. The plant does not tolerate a lack or excess of moisture, so it should be watered moderately but regularly. In dry weather, it is recommended to increase the frequency of watering. After moistening, the soil must be loosened and weeds removed if necessary.
Matthiola bicornuum needs to be fed with complex mineral fertilizers. Of the organic fertilizers, only ash is suitable for the plant. In the spring, you need to add a complex fertilizer to the soil, and during flowering, a potassium-phosphorus mixture.
In Siberia and other regions with cold winters, matthiola bicornuum must be removed from the soil and disposed of at the end of the autumn period. The area where the plant grew should be dug up. In areas with mild climates, with the onset of winter, it is recommended to prune the leaves to surface level. Matthiola can also be moved into a pot and placed in the house.
Matthiola (lat. Matthiola) belongs to the genus of herbaceous perennials and annuals of the Brassica or Cruciferous family, common in Africa, Southern Europe, neighboring areas of Asia and numbering, according to various sources, from 20 to 50 species. This ornamental plant with fragrant flowers. Latin name Mattiola was named after the 16th century Italian botanist and physician Pietro Mattioli and Robert Brown. Even in the last century, the matthiola flower could be seen in every garden and park; today for some reason it is not in fashion, but matthiola is one of the plants that is highly consistent with the classic park style.
Mattiola is one-, two- and perennial herbaceous plants or subshrubs with erect, bare or tomentose branched stems from 20 to 80 cm high with lanceolate or oblong leaves that are entire or serrated along the edges. White, pink, dirty yellow or purple, plain or double flowers collected in spike-shaped or racemose inflorescences. Matthiola blooms from June to November. The fruit is a pod containing narrow-winged and flat seeds of the gillyflower. A special feature of the plant is the smell of matthiola, which cannot be confused with anything else. Non-double varieties of matthiola are excellent honey plants, and double varieties are the most exquisite and unpretentious decoration of a flower garden, because even an inexperienced gardener can plant and care for matthiola in the open ground.
Matthiola growing from seeds
Sowing matthiola
Before planting, the seed is soaked in water for a day to swell, and then, wrapped in damp gauze, placed in the refrigerator for several days for stratification. Matthiola seeds are sown for seedlings at the end of March or early April in containers or boxes with a moist substrate consisting of sand and turf soil in a ratio of 1:3. The seeds are spread thinly on the substrate, at intervals, planted to a depth of 0.5 cm, the seedling container is covered with polyethylene and placed in a dark, warm (20-22 ºC) place. Shoots may appear in 4-5 days, but it is quite possible that you will have to wait two weeks for them.
Caring for matthiola seedlings
As soon as matthiola sprouts, the covering is removed from it, the container is exposed to bright diffused light so that the seedlings do not stretch out, the temperature in the room is lowered to 10-12 ºC, and even better, place the container with the seedlings on a wired balcony or unheated veranda. A couple of days after the emergence of seedlings, they are watered for the first time since sowing. And 10-12 days after seed germination, the seedlings dive into separate pots with drainage holes and soil consisting of sand (one part), leaf and turf soil (two parts each).
Don’t be confused by the fact that by this time the seedlings had not developed a single true leaf. When picking, add a little hydrogel to the soil to strengthen the root system of the seedlings. Medium flowering and late varieties Levkoys can be dived directly into open ground. In the phase of development of seedlings with two true leaves, they are fed with a solution of microfertilizers: 0.1 g of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate and 0.3 g of copper sulfate and boric acid are dissolved in a liter of water.
Growing matthiola at the seedling stage includes hardening the seedlings before planting in open ground, for which a window on the balcony or veranda is first opened for a short time, then the duration of the hardening session is gradually increased and eventually the seedlings are kept at full open window. Hardening procedures begin two weeks or ten days before planting seedlings in open ground.
Mattiola planting in open ground
When to plant matthiola in the ground
Matthiola is planted at the end of May, on a cloudy day or in the late afternoon - bright sun can destroy newly planted young plants. Do not plant gillyflowers in an area where cruciferous plants grew before them - the flowers can be destroyed by the cruciferous flea beetle. It is also impossible to take soil for seedlings from such an area, since the likelihood of seedlings becoming infected with clubroot or blackleg is too high.
The site for matthiola should be well-lit and drained, since stagnation of water in the roots of gillyflower is harmful. The soil needs a slightly alkaline or neutral reaction, fertile, preferably sod-sandy loam or sod-loamy. It is necessary to fertilize the site before planting only if the soil on the site is severely depleted.
How to plant matthiola
Mattiola is planted in holes filled with water, directly into the earthen slurry - this way the seedlings take root better. After filling the holes with earth, it is well compacted. Single stem and low-growing varieties Planted at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other, an interval of 25-30 cm is maintained between seedlings of tall and branched varieties.
Mattiola outdoor care
Growing and caring for matthiola first of all requires balanced moisture, since the plant does not tolerate either excess moisture or prolonged dead wood, so you need to water the plant moderately but regularly. Caring for matthiola also involves timely weeding and loosening of the area, and it is better to do this after watering. From organic fertilizers You can feed matthiola only with ash, but it is better to give preference to complex mineral fertilizers - in the spring a complete mineral fertilizer is applied to the site, and during the flowering period - potassium-phosphorus fertilizer. By the way, perennial mattiola does not require mulching of the area in the year of planting.
The cruciferous family is quite diverse, so not everyone is familiar with its representative called Matthiola or Levkoi. A small herbaceous plant common to the southern European region. Mattiola is known even to historians who find mention of her in Ancient Greece, where flowers were used as decorations for the halls.
Modern floriculture is engaged in the cultivation of perennial and annual species this plant, the care of which is unlikely to be within the power of beginners. But those who take responsibility for growing Matthiola will be rewarded with beautiful fragrant flowers with a fragrant aroma.
Decorative varieties have a straight stem on which there are dark green leaves and small flowers with a variety of color shades. In terms of beauty, flowers may be inferior to other representatives of the flora, which have more colorful inflorescences. While the fragrant, unique aroma is Mattiola’s calling card. The aroma is especially strong in the evening when the sun sets.
The most popular among flower growers today are Gray-haired Mattiola and Two-horned. For open landings summer and autumn varieties, while winter ones are grown in greenhouses and used for making bouquets.
Planting and care
The difficulty of planting and caring for this plant lies in the need to follow a number of rules, although they are not complicated. The flower is very picky about choosing a planting location. For example, it should not be planted where other cruciferous plants previously grew. Failure to comply with this rule can lead to Matthiola's disease with a fungus that affects root system.
At the same time, the flower feels good in any climate, adapting to its changes. The soil composition should consist of black soil, loam, turf and sand, without acidic impurities. Required condition there is sufficient humidity and good drainage. The plant prefers open sunny areas what to consider when choosing permanent place growth.
How does Matthiola reproduce?
Among the main methods of propagation, seed is often practiced. The seeds are collected before the first frost and then dried. The soil for sowing should be prepared in the fall, for which it is dug up and enriched with organic matter.
The time for planting seeds in open ground is from April to May. At the same time, planting can be repeated every two weeks to extend the fragrant season.
Some use seedlings, for which the seeds are sown in containers in March. You should fill them with sand and turf, sow the seeds and wait until the first shoots appear without watering. As a rule, after four days they will appear above the surface of the earth, after which the containers should be moved to a well-lit place, but with a temperature no higher than fifteen degrees. This is the difficulty of growing this plant, since it is difficult to maintain the necessary regime for growing seedlings.
When two weeks have passed after the sprouts appear, the seedlings should be plucked, and seedlings can only be planted in open ground from the end of April.
Proper care
Since Matthiola belongs to herbaceous plants, then shows enough fast growth. In this regard, the flower needs constant watering, otherwise flowering will stop. If limp leaves are noticed on the plant, then this is the first sign of a lack of moisture. The best regime for Mattiola is daily morning watering.
Levkoy or matthiola are once widespread flowers interspersed in the living borders of royal gardens, aristocratic flower terraces and the front gardens of the common people. However, fashion - a lady not only changeable, but also goes in circles - the popularity of these colors is again beginning to gain strength.
Modern flower plants of this class owe their name to the Italian Pietro Mattioli, an outstanding botanist and court physician, who in the middle of the 16th century was one of the leading European specialists in herbs and decorative flowers. It was thanks to his efforts that new types and varieties of tulips, daffodils and hyacinths appeared. Well, about the gillyflowers... It is not known for certain who made the effort, but after some time, in memory of this outstanding scientist, in the code of international botanical nomenclature, these flowers changed their name from Leucoion (white violet) to Matthiola.
Currently 2 botanical species are cultivated- Levkoy or matthiola gray (Matthiola Incana) and matthiola bicornis (Matthiola bicornis).
White gesso
More than 500 modern varieties of gillyflowers are unusually decorative in group plantings. Thanks to the wide growth range and colors, they can be used to grow a multi-tiered composition in a flowerbed, which will give aromatic pleasure from June to November, and in the southern regions even in the winter months. Dwarf varieties will be a wonderful year-round decoration for any interior.
Description of the botanical species
Mattiola gray (Levkoy) is, as a rule, an annual, less often a perennial, with herbaceous, often woody stems, which can be simple or branched. Oblong-lanceolate, ovate leaves arranged alternately , can be smooth or pubescent. Thanks to the variety of leaf colors - from rich light green to numerous deep dark shades with silver fluff, a composition of left-handed leaves will look its best even in the middle of the day.
Matthiola gray blooms for a long time, throwing out several flower stalks in turn. Erect racemose inflorescences, of different shapes and densities, consist of 10–100 flowers. Brushes, in group plantings, are 10–30% simple, the rest are decorative terry. Simple flowers consist of 4, and double flowers consist of large quantity(up to 70) simple petals. The color, size and shape of the brush are multivariate. Flowering of simple forms lasts 4–5, and double ones - up to 20 days. Only terry varieties have high aesthetic qualities.
Features of reproduction
It’s not for nothing that botanists were so interested in gilly leaves. Mattiola gray - unique plant with very in an interesting way reproduction. Although Levkoys reproduce by seeds, the main part of the inflorescences is sterile due to the defectiveness of double flowers - they do not have pistils and stamens. This sterility is characteristic of double inflorescences. Only the flowering of simple 4-petalled flowers ends in dry pods with bean-shaped seeds.
The method of “conception” is also interesting - self-pollination occurs in a closed young bud, and when it opens, a small horn already sticks out against the background of a cross of 4 petals. Unlike other types of matthiola, gillyflowers retain very high seed germination (up to 6 years).
For self-study seed material, it is very important to maintain a balance between simple and terry gesso - 10–30% to 90–70%. His carried out in 2 stages:
- At the stage of collecting seeds, they will grow from smooth and dense pods simple shapes, and from twisted or short, blunt-ended pods pressed to the stem - terry. At the end of September, when the pods turn brown, it is necessary to pull out the entire plant and dry them in a ventilated area. After the pods are completely dry, break them off and shake out the seeds.
- When growing seedlings, place the plants for two days in a room with a temperature of 6–8℃. In double plants, the cotyledon leaves will become light green, and in simple plants, they will become dark green.
Sowing dates
When choosing a variety for cultivation, you must remember that, depending on the duration of the development cycle, levkoys are divided into 3 categories and require an individual approach.
Varieties of the autumn and winter categories in the middle zone do not overwinter in open ground, therefore, tall species are cultivated for forcing and cutting, and low-growing species are cultivated for home grown in pots. Levkoy, sown in open ground, blooms much later than seedlings.
Planting in open ground
Loamy and sandy soils with a slightly alkaline or neutral pH are ideal for gillyflower. The area should be well lit and drained. To avoid infection with cruciferous flea beetle, you should avoid areas where cruciferous plants have previously grown, or before planting seedlings treat the soil with Hom. By fulfilling these requirements, you will make it easier further care for plants.
When sowing seeds in open ground, pour a little sand into shallow grooves. After the seeds have sprouted, thinning is necessary:
- At the stage of two cotyledons, the distance between the sprouts should be 8–10 cm.
- In phase 4–5 of the true leaf. As a result of the second (sometimes third) thinning, the distance between single-stemmed plants should be from 15 to 20 cm, and between branched or pyramidal ones - 25–30 cm. Grown-up gilly leaves should not be “killed”; they should be transplanted with a clod of earth to a free place .
Seedling method
Before planting, gillyflower seeds are soaked in water until they swell (about a day). Then, wrapped in a damp cloth, they are stratified for several days. freezer. Shallow containers are required for germination with prepared soil mixture of turf and sand- 3:1. You cannot take soil from an area where cruciferous vegetables grew - the seedlings will get clubroot or blackleg disease.
When planting, you should try to sow the seeds sparsely and to a depth of no more than 0.5 cm. The box is covered with film and placed in dark place with t = 22–25 ℃. Seed germination takes 4–5 days, possibly up to 2 weeks. As soon as the sprouts appear, the film must be removed and the box placed under bright diffused light in a room with a reduced temperature to 10–12 ℃. The first watering of plants is carried out 2–3 days after germination.
After 10–12 days from the appearance of sprouts, the seedlings dive into cassettes with a soil mixture of sand (1), leaf soil (2) and turf (2). Do not pay attention to the fact that the plants have not developed true leaves. During picking it is advisable strengthen the root system any modern means, and when the first two true leaves appear, feed with a one-liter solution with microdoses: copper sulfate (0.3 g), manganese sulfate (0.3 g), zinc (0.1 g), boric acid (0.3 g ).
Two weeks before transplanting into open ground, hardening procedures are carried out gradually increasing over time.
Planting seedlings outdoors should be done after May 15th. You should not be afraid of return frosts - lefties will survive such troubles well. For better survival, young plants are planted in earthen holes, abundantly filled with water. After filling the holes, the earth is thoroughly compacted. The interval between low-growing and single-stem plants is 15x15 or 20x20 cm; for tall and branched varieties - 25x25 or 30x30 cm.
Varieties
Anyone who wants to enjoy not only the smell, but also the beauty of double inflorescences will face a difficult choice. And it’s not just a matter of choosing the growth of a plant or the color of leaves and flowers. Modern selection also offers 8 different forms inflorescences.
Mattiola - the empress of smells of unimaginable tones
Another variety of matthiola - two-horned - is grown not for “contemplation”, but for “smell”. Inconspicuous flowers that bloom at dusk are delightfully fragrant from sunset to sunrise.
Selection of this species is aimed at improving and diversifying flavor shades. Therefore, matthiola bicornuum is, as a rule, highly branched annual bush 40 to 50 cm high with linear green toothed leaves. The seeds are produced in a pod that ends in 2 horns. Horned gillyflower seeds remain viable for up to 3 years. The rules for planting and care are no different from gray mattiola.
Caring for gillyflowers and matthiola
Night violets are not very capricious, but still require proper and regular attention:
- balanced watering - carried out in a timely manner, since flowers do not tolerate waterlogging and drought;
- mineral fertilizing - in spring full support is needed mineral fertilizer, and during flowering - potassium-phosphorus.
- fight against cruciferous flea beetle - if detected, it is necessary to thoroughly treat the leaves 3 times (with intervals of 4–5 days) on all sides with an ash solution or special insecticides;
- destruction of weeds and loosening of the soil - carried out after each rain or watering for full root “breathing”;
- mulching - mattiolas love such attention, especially in the heat, but perennial gillyflower does not need it in the year of planting;
- preparation for winter - in middle lane the plants are pulled out, the area is dug up and fertilized, and in the southern regions the matthiolas are cut down to the level of the soil surface.
Before the onset of cold weather, matthiol can be transplanted into a pot and continue growing at home. The beloved terry mattiola bush and its spicy aroma will give pleasure for long winter nights and does not require careful maintenance.
“He has arrived,” flies from elm to elm, and suddenly the sleepless smell of matthiol becomes heavy, as if it has reached the highest phase. B. Pasternak.
gillyflowers flowers
