Whatever you can do with a chainsaw - with the help of all kinds of attachments, this tool becomes very multifunctional. Don't know how to cut a log into boards with a chainsaw? Now we won’t talk about that!

Chainsaw - a tool for all occasions

Most owners have no idea what capabilities are hidden in this seemingly single-function tool. We are talking about what functions, besides sawing logs into firewood, a chainsaw can perform in in capable hands. But just think - the tool is absolutely autonomous, fill the tank with fuel, and work where it’s convenient for you!

A wide range of work results in a powerful, compact and safe Gas engine, who has a very unpretentious “character” and the ability to work in the most difficult conditions. Another good thing about a chainsaw is its sealed fuel supply system, which, in combination with a diaphragm type carburetor, allows it to work in a variety of positions, perhaps not upside down. In addition, the designers provided reliable protection components from overloads and breakdowns in the form of a centrifugal clutch.

Look at the chainsaw from a different point of view - you are holding in your hands a tool that is amazing in its capabilities! This is universal drive for the most various kinds devices capable of not only sawing wood, but also cutting metal and stone, pumping water, drilling wells, and even serving as a low-power engine!

DIY multi-tool

The most popular attachment, which is even produced by the chainsaw manufacturers themselves, is the petrol cutter attachment, which turns the chainsaw into an autonomous version of an angle grinder. The nozzle device is a bearing assembly with a shaft, with a pulley installed at one end, which is driven into rotation by a V-belt. At the other end there is a mandrel for fastening abrasive wheels. By changing circles, such a grinder chainsaw will be able to cut stone, tile, brick and even metal. Of course, the circle is hidden in protective cover, without which work would be such a tool clean water playing roulette - whether you're lucky or not!

Of course, there are a lot of people who will call this method crazy, because you can buy a normal one and not have to worry about changing any attachments! However, in practice, the idea is completely justified - saws with high speeds, equipped with such attachments, work no worse ordinary Bulgarians. Of course, they can’t compete with professional powerful tools, but in the household they justify themselves. This device has two undeniable advantages - autonomy and saving money.

Another professional attachment that can be bought in specialized stores is the so-called debarkers. Their functions exactly correspond to the purpose of the chainsaw and, in fact, increase its capabilities - in addition to cutting wood with the help of debarkers, it can be processed, namely, cleared of bark, growths and branches, and also cut grooves in logs, which is useful in the construction of wooden log houses, and give the rounded surface a flat shape.

Debarkers are divided into disk and drum. The first ones are used for cutting out recesses and mounting grooves, and the drum ones are used for removing bark from logs; they are also called debarkers. The device is a drum or cutter mounted in a bearing unit. The device is driven by V-belt transmission, for this purpose there is a special pulley on the axis. Taking into account changes in the diameter of the pulley and the engine speed, you can also change the speed of operation of such a tool for optimal processing of wood.

With the help of a chainsaw and the appropriate attachment, you don't have to worry about emergency water supply at home if necessary - you can make a pump from this woodworking tool in a few minutes!

Essentially, the attachment is a regular centrifugal pump that is attached to the saw and driven by the same pulley and belt. The principle of operation is the same as that of all centrifugal pumps - one hose is lowered into the water, the second serves as a pressure hose. Before starting work, liquid is poured into the engine through the plug, which is necessary for the pump to “grab” the pumped water. When the turbine rotates, it creates a reduced pressure inside, due to which water is pumped out. The device is essentially the simplest, but imagine what use it can be when Vacation home is de-energized, and the water supply issue needs to be resolved in urgently!

With the help of special attachments, a chainsaw can be turned into a drill or a winch, and even into a boat motor, capable of reaching speeds of up to 20 km/h with a fuel consumption of 1 l/h. However, these are already rarer cases, while devices for longitudinal sawing of logs, or, as they are called, mini-sawmills, are found quite often.

How to cut a log into planks with a chainsaw - vertical attachment

First of all, it should be noted that no one sets themselves the task of professionally cutting logs with a minimum amount of waste. For professional work You also need the appropriate tool, but the attachment for longitudinal sawing of logs will allow you to solve many small problems on the farm. Let's imagine, for example, that an old pear tree has dried up in your garden, and you just need a few boards to fill a hole in the shed. Instead of using a tree trunk for firewood, you can use an attachment to get the material you need.

Devices for longitudinal sawing of logs are divided into vertical and horizontal. The simplest device is the first option: the adapter is attached to the tire at its base, and with the help of a guide bar the straightness of the adapter's movement is ensured. This entire structure is attached to a board, which serves as a stop for cutting and at the same time as a guide. The accuracy of such a device is not high - it can be used to cut rough boards or give a log a simple square shape However, such a device is assigned corresponding tasks.

How to cut a log lengthwise - cut horizontally!

Provides much greater cutting accuracy horizontal design, which is a rigid frame attached to the chainsaw bar in two places - at the base and at its end. The attachment points can be shifted to provide the required cutting width. Of course, such a device is intended for small logs, the diameter of which will not be greater than the length of the tire.

Using the guide element you can install required thickness boards The most difficult thing will be to make the first horizontal cut - in order to get an even cut of the wood, you need to attach an additional guide frame to the log, which will serve as a base surface for the stop. At subsequent stages of dissolving the log into boards, the flat surface of the previous cut serves as a surface for support and a guide.

This design is quite easy to work with. Before sawing a log lengthwise, it must be well secured along its entire length - the less it vibrates, the smoother the cut will be.. To avoid jamming of the chainsaw bar, small wedges are constantly inserted into the cut to prevent clamping. It should be noted that no matter how hard we try, there will be quite a lot of waste compared to a conventional sawmill. To begin, give the log a square shape by cutting upper layer from all sides, and only then proceed directly to dissolving the logs into boards.

Craftsmen working with welding and metal will not be difficult to make attachments of this kind with their own hands - relevant diagrams on the Internet - not uncommon, and from the material you will need several square hollow pipes, nuts and screws.

At any construction site, processed lumber is used in in various forms: beams, boards, slats. They are purchased in stores, in specialized markets and directly at wood processing enterprises (sawmills). But these materials cost several times more than the logs (from which they are cut), and this can significantly affect your budget. Therefore, it is advisable to purchase logs and cut them yourself.

Process theory

In order to understand how to properly cut a log (which is ideally a cylinder), let's turn to theory. There are only three ways to cut a cylinder:

• across;
• along;
• obliquely.

The third method is used very rarely (in specialized projects and developments). Therefore, we will specify the first two methods, which are common and used everywhere.

Method 1. Cut across.

Performed to obtain parts in the form of disks and short cylinders.

Method 2. Cut along.

It is used to produce boards, beams, slats.

Logs are cut at logging enterprises, sawmills, furniture factories and in workshops using various units and devices:

At home this kind of sawing is done:

1. Using saws
2. Grinder with attachments for sawing wood (circular saws);
3. On purchased and homemade mini-sawmills (sawing machines).

Be sure to follow safety precautions. Even an ordinary saw, if it jumps off the cutting site, can cut a finger, a vein, or injure a leg.

When working with power tools, use rubber gloves and a rug. Don't work wet hands to avoid electric shock.

Exercise extreme caution when working with chain saws, circular saws, and especially with an angle grinder. A slipped chain or flying disc can cut a leg bone, arm bone, or throat.

Preliminary work

Many enterprises have mechanisms for removing bark (barking) from an entire log. It is advisable for you to split the log into pieces and remove the bark from each board. This operation is carried out:

• skobel;
• sharpened shovel;
• electric planer.

When working with a scraper, they strengthen the log and begin to cut off the bark, moving the tool towards themselves. When cleaning with a shovel, the bark is peeled away from you.

Most best result obtained by cleaning with a scraper. It only removes the bark without affecting the tree itself.

How to cut a log into boards

This can be done in different ways. It all depends on your needs. The photos below show various ways, how to cut a log lengthwise and get a variety of lumber.

The sawing technology is as follows:

1. The bark is removed (this operation can be performed at home later).
2. The log is fixed on guides or a frame.
3. One of the slabs is separated (sawed off) to obtain a flat surface.
4. Place the workpiece with a flat surface on the guide (table, bed), fix it again and separate the second slab.
5. Then the entire log is divided into boards.

For sawing complex pattern(shown above), all the slabs are cut off at once, and the workpiece is turned over and fixed several times.

Cutting a log crosswise

It is not particularly difficult even at home. The log is placed on ordinary sawhorses and, gradually moving it, the necessary pieces are sawed off. Or they are mounted on guides and, gradually moving from beginning to end, perform the same operation.

Cutting logs lengthwise

This operation is particularly difficult, since it is necessary to maintain a certain thickness throughout the cut, which can be 6 m, 8 m, and sometimes more. The easiest way to do this is to use a conductor ( special device) which is attached to a saw or log.

Sawing logs on a home sawmill

Many people purchase or make homemade sawmills.

1st view:

At the bottom of the frame, welded from metal angles and plates, is a motor with pulleys (electric or gasoline). A shaft with pulleys is placed at the top, on which one or more circular saws are mounted. A guide made of timber or a metal square is fixed on the table. To move it, cuts must be made (perpendicular to the feed axis)

The log is fed, pressing it against the guide, and moved forward. If there is only one saw, then rulers are strengthened on the surface of the table or markings are applied. After cutting one board, the guide is shifted to the width of the next board (towards the saw) and the operation is repeated.

If there are several saws, then the distance (width of the boards) is fixed between them by inserting the corresponding bushings.

2nd view:

If you don't know how to easily cut a log lengthwise with a chainsaw, then this option is for you.

1. Frame. Welded from channels or profile pipes.
2. Saw. With electric or petrol drive. Mounted on a vertical feed carriage.
3. Chain. It is advisable to purchase a special one - for cutting lengthwise. If there is none, then resharpen your chain.
4. Vertical feed carriage (VPC). Designed to secure the tool and move it in a vertical plane with a screw. To set the accuracy of side cutting on vertical rack the line is strengthened.
5. Carriage guides. They are polished pipes or rods. Designed to move the carriage vertically.
6. Screw (feed mechanism). Installed in bearings. When rotated, it moves the carriage vertically.
7. Log clamps.
8. Longitudinal feed carriage (PPC). Moves the KVP along the trunk.
9. Rollers.

The procedure for working on this structure is as follows:

• The log is strengthened with clamps on the frame.
• The checkpoint is brought to the beginning of the lumber.
• The KVP is lowered with a screw to the required height.
• Turn on the instrument.
• By moving the checkpoint along the log, the slab is cut off.
• Having reached the end, the log is turned over, placed with the flat side on the frame and clamped.
• Lower the carriage again.
• The gearbox is moved back, cutting off the second slab.
• Then the process is repeated, with the difference that you further cut the boards.

When used not chain, but reciprocating saw the process is delayed. It can only work in one direction.

Materials

• Steel profiles, pipes, angles, strips, plates;
• Screws, bolts.

Tools

• Saws
  • regular;
  • two-handed;
  • with electric drive;
  • with petrol drive;
• Bulgarian
• Mini sawmill
• Skobel

Blogger Egorov decided to make a bench from trimmed birch logs. The idea is generally not new. The only novelty is in the method he used to make straight cut logs In this case, improvised means were used.

He created the simplest sawmill from a chainsaw, two boards and 6 screws. Perhaps he is not the first who has already made such a device, but there is currently no material about it on the Internet. It is not clear why no one makes such devices, but uses complex attachments.

A small, low-power chainsaw with a short bar was used. It is impossible to cut lengthwise with such a saw. The solution is obvious: either saw by eye, which is unsuitable for carpentry work, or make an alternative design using the tire mounting cover, which is parallel to the plane of the tire.

For this, 2 boards were taken, using self-tapping screws, a corner was made from them, which was screwed to the log. A chainsaw was placed on the corner. A wonderful even cut of the log was made along this unique guide.

The main work is done. Now you need to prepare 4 platforms for holes for attaching the legs on the cylindrical part of the block, make holes and insert 4 legs. For greater stability, you need to drill these holes at an angle. Twist drill with a diameter of 52 mm.

To prevent the legs from drying out and falling out over time, they need to be dried for several days and placed in the holes extremely tightly.

The second block can be used as a backrest.

Homemade sawmill from a regular chainsaw

A simple device for cutting round timber yourself is a chainsaw sawmill. Any DIYer who knows how to use a welding machine can make such a device.

The resulting device is easy to use, but regular chain sharpening will not work. But more on that at the end of the article.

The sawmill consists of the following components:

As you can see, the device is simple - let's start making it!

First of all, we make a frame with guides. Its dimensions:

We cut out the bed platform from sheet material and make a hole for mounting on the saw

Guides are made from steel water pipes. We weld them to the frame strictly at right angles.

We boil everything thoroughly

Drilling holes for saw bar clamps

To fasten the frame, we replace the standard nuts (in the middle) with elongated ones with welded washers.

We twist and fix the frame

We make clamps for tires. All sizes in the photo below

The clamp is not difficult to make, it consists of profile pipe and pressure plate. Clamp assembly

This is how the clamp works

We make a carriage. It is necessary in order to smoothly slide along the guides and lock in a given position. It sets the thickness of the future board. This is what the carriage looks like

The carriage consists of a round and rectangular pipes. We saw the pipes in half

From the rectangular one we select grooves for the round one, and assemble it on the guides

Scald

This is how the clamp is attached to the guides. The bolts are relaxed, the distance is set and tightened.

We make a support platform. It slides along the log and creates a supporting plane.

Dimensions support platform

We make blanks according to size, place them on a flat surface, and try on the saw blade.

We weld and clean the seams

For ease of use homemade sawmill– you need to make a handle. We make a handle from a pipe. For easy bending, we burn the pipe at the bending point. blowtorch

We bend according to the template

This is what the support platform with a welded handle looks like

We weld the support platform to the carriage. It is necessary to maintain the same planes of the saw bar and the support platform. To do this, lay an even, tight gasket. Chipboard is ideal.

We weld the parts. To strengthen, it is necessary to weld the stiffening corners

Assembling the device

The device for a manual sawmill using a chainsaw is ready!

Wood, along with natural stone, is one of the oldest building materials. Despite the huge variety of all kinds of artificially created materials currently present on the construction market, wood is still in constant demand. Wood is versatile and available material, and not a single construction project can be completed without its use.

The main raw material for the production of lumber (beams of various sections, edged and unedged boards etc.) is a log - a tree trunk freed from branches and twigs, as well as from the thinnest upper part. Logs can be used as a completely independent building material as pillars, piles, masts, etc., however, in most cases they must be sawed to obtain beams and boards. How to cut a log into boards, beams and other lumber will be discussed further.

Sawing logs can be done in various ways:

• manually, using a saw tool;
• on sawmills;
• on woodworking machines and specialized lines.

The price of lumber largely depends on its thickness and the amount of production waste.

In order to make the most efficient use of available raw materials and correctly saw a log, the woodworking industry uses special sawing schemes to reduce the percentage of waste and thus reduce the cost of the final product. Therefore, before cutting a log yourself, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with similar diagrams.

Tools and equipment for sawing logs

Depending on the total number of logs, their length, thickness and expected quality of future lumber, they are used for sawing various instrument and specialized equipment. Quite acceptable for obtaining a small amount of lumber at home manual method processing trunks using chainsaws and conventional hand saws with teeth for longitudinal sawing.

Sawmill is a fairly common type sawmill equipment. It is a woodworking machine with frame saws designed for longitudinal cut logs for producing edged boards and timber. Sawmills can process logs with a diameter of 15 to 80 cm and a length of up to 7 m.

Sawing tree trunks on circular saws (circular) machines is carried out using circular saw. Such machines can be single-saw (single-disc) and multi-saw (multi-disc). Single disk circular saws As a rule, they work with small-sized and low-quality raw materials. Multi-disc machines are designed for cutting large-diameter round timber.

The most popular currently are the so-called band sawmills, both vertical and horizontal. As cutting tool they use a belt cloth placed on pulleys. Band machines provide high-quality longitudinal and mixed sawing logs onto boards and beams with a minimum amount of waste.

Wood sawing lines are used at large enterprises in the production of lumber on an industrial scale. They provide high surface quality and precise geometry of the final product and have the highest productivity.

In addition to the above, other types of highly specialized sawmill equipment are used in the mass production of lumber: debarkers, edgers, band-dividers and other machines.

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Types and methods of cutting logs

Before sawing a log into boards and beams, it is important to choose the most optimal sawing method, which is determined by the size, geometry and surface quality of the future lumber, required technical requirements, as well as the type of wood. By orientation to the growth rings of the trunk, types of sawing can be distinguished. This:

• radial, carried out precisely along the radius of the growth rings;
• tangential, when sawing is done tangentially to the growth rings, parallel to one of the radii;
• parallel-forming, when cutting occurs parallel to the direction of the fibers (thus achieving minimum slope fibers in lumber).

Depending on the direction of sawing, there are several ways to saw logs:

• waddling sawing;
• sawing with beams;
• segment method;
• sector method;
• circular sawing.

Tumble sawing is carried out using several parallel cuts along the entire cross-sectional plane of the log and produces an unedged board and two slabs at the output. Tumble cutting is the most in a simple way processing of logs and is used mainly for cutting round timber hardwood small diameter, since other methods greatly reduce the width of the finished lumber.

Sawing with beams involves cutting out double-edged timber and side boards at the initial stage. The timber is subsequently sawn into edged boards the same width. Up to 60% of all raw materials are cut using lumber. The disadvantage of this method is the need to use two sawmills simultaneously.

The above methods are the main ones. Much less commonly used special methods: sector and segment. When sector sawing, the log is first divided into several fragments - sectors, numbering from 4 to 8, depending on the diameter of the trunk. These sectors are then sawn into boards along radial or tangential directions.

With the segment method, a beam is cut from the central part of the log, leaving two so-called segments on the sides. The resulting segments are then cut into tangential boards.

The circular sawing method is used for individual cutting of logs and allows you to separate healthy wood from damaged wood. When circular sawing, after sawing off another board or several parallel boards, the trunk rotates around the longitudinal axis by 90° each time.

For processing logs band sawmill it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. In this way you can get the maximum amount quality materials- boards and timber. But first you should familiarize yourself with the basic cutting rules.

Types of wood cutting

At the first stage, a carriage is formed from a log. To do this, cuts are made on both sides of it. In some cases, processing is performed on four sides. A map of the band cut of the workpiece is first drawn up, on which the dimensions of the components are indicated.

The determining parameter when choosing a scheme is the direction of processing of the log. In particular - movement cutting edge relative to tree rings. According to this, lumber of various qualities is formed, with a unique appearance. Not only their aesthetic qualities, but also their price depend on this.

The following types of cuts are distinguished:

• tangential. The cut is made tangentially to the annual rings. As a result, oblong patterns in the form of arches and rings are formed on the surface;
• radial. To perform it, perpendicular processing along the annual rings is necessary. A special feature is the uniform pattern;
• transverse. Processing occurs across the fibers, the cut pattern is an even cut of annual rings;
• rustic. Can be made at any angle, contains a certain number of knots, sapwood or other similar defects.

The woodworking industry often uses waste band sawing logs - slab. On one side there is a flat plane, and the other remains unprocessed.

To create the most accurate cutting, it is recommended to use special programs. They take into account not only dimensions source material, but also the type of wood.

Sawing on a sawmill with log rotation 180°

To form maximum quantity boards, it is recommended to use technology in which some processes belt processing rotate 180°. This allows you to achieve the maximum amount of lumber with various types cuts.

The principle of processing is to make initial cuts along the edges of the log, located at an angle of 90° relative to each other. They will serve as the basis for further tape cutting. Work is carried out on equipment with a vertical arrangement cutting elements. The diameter of the trunk must be at least 26 centimeters.

Step-by-step order of work.

1. Processing the side with the cut-off edge. The result is two boards.
2. Rotate the workpiece by 90°. The cut is made from the opposite part. The number of products varies from 3 to 4.
3. Repeated turn 90°. The main part of the source material is processed. Depending on what you plan, you may end up with 7-8 pieces.

Despite all my positive traits, this method has one significant drawback - low production speed. It is recommended to use it on equipment that has a block for automatically changing the position of the log relative to the cutting part of the machine.

The detailed diagram is most often used for the production of rustic boards, which have lower quality requirements.

Sawing on a sawmill with log rotation 90°

For the manufacture of tangential and radial boards It is recommended to use a different technique. It consists of systematic strip processing of logs with simultaneous analysis of defects. In this way, products of the required quality can be obtained.

After delimbing, the workpiece is placed on the infeed bed sawing machine. Then you need to complete the following steps.

1. Removing the primary slab. This is carried out until the width of the base is 110-115 mm.
2. Removal of unedged boards approximately 28 mm thick.
3. If the number of defects on the surface exceeds the required level, the material is rotated 90°. When enough high quality The next board is cut.
4. Repeating the operation.

A similar technique is applicable for processing units that have one cutting surface or have the function of temporarily dismantling the rest.

When enough large quantities defects, you can not put the workpiece aside, but rather process it by turning it 180°.

The above-described tape processing technique can be applied to create any configurations wooden products. Often the core area is used to form timber, and the remaining parts are used to make boards. But there may be exceptions - it all depends on the required shape of the blanks.

The quality of work is affected Current state sawmills, saw sharpening level and processing speed. These factors must be taken into account before starting production process. If necessary, preventive maintenance or repair of equipment is carried out.

The video shows the technique of sawing logs on a homemade band sawmill:

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