Fence off the stove in a wooden bathhouse. Tips for installing an electric heater in a sauna

Even if the bathhouse is made of the most quality wood, without a full-fledged air exchange system, it will become unusable in 3-4 years. And during this period of time, it is unlikely that anyone will want to enjoy constant dampness, unpleasant odor and lack of fresh air in the steam room. How to technically correctly arrange ventilation in a sauna with your own hands: device and diagrams - find out all these nuances right now.

Is ventilation needed in a sauna?

Ventilation in a sauna with regular wood stove- scheme

In a steam room where people sweat, the air becomes super humid within a few minutes. It is extremely difficult to breathe in such an environment. Much easier if dry ones circulate air masses. Therefore, ventilation is simply necessary in a sauna in order to regulate the level of humidity and the supply of fresh oxygen. In the absence of ventilation during the procedure warm air will rise to the top, and the cold one will accumulate below, which will definitely not benefit health. Also, if there are no ventilation ducts, they accumulate in the sauna. unpleasant odors and there is a risk of poisoning from accumulated carbon monoxide.

Often, a shower room and a relaxation room are also adjacent to the sauna room. If they are not equipped with air vents, moisture levels will increase. The result is that it is difficult to dry yourself or dry yourself. Over time, mold and mildew will appear on the walls and ceiling, and wood structures will rot. The sauna will last not 15-20 years, but only 4-5.

Which ventilation system to choose for a sauna

Ventilation for this type of premises can be of three types:

• mechanical;
• natural;
• combined.

The first type is quite expensive, so forced outflow is often used in steam rooms. During work exhaust fan A reduced pressure is formed in the steam room and fresh air enters through the air vents. The advantages of the combined scheme are that for its installation there is no need to cross-position the wind grids, which is mandatory rule for natural extraction.

Proper ventilation in the sauna: 3 important points

• You need to select pipe sections based on standard calculations: for 1 m3 of sauna you need 24 cm of cross-sectional area.
• Outflow and inflow cannot be placed exactly opposite.
• It is necessary to install special ventilation valves on the vents of the steam room, with the help of which you can control the air flow.

Natural ventilation in the steam room

This type of ventilation is the most popular, as it is suitable for most rooms, safe, effective and the device is inexpensive. It is necessary to carefully select places in the room for veterinary ducts - the area of ​​the sauna, the height of the ceilings, the location of the stove and, of course, the materials from which the building is made are taken into account.

Correctly placed supply air duct

Important! Ventilation holes should be located on different heights. The input channel is 20-25 cm from the floor, and the output channel is 25-35 cm from the ceiling. It is also important to choose a location for the holes so that they look harmonious with outside baths did not stand out much on the walls of the facade.

Approximate hole sizes 320-410 sq. see, but experts advise doing more of them rather than less. If the process of air circulation in the room is too fast and the temperature in the bathhouse decreases quickly, the outlets must be covered with special dampers - rotating valves, ventilation and adjustable grilles. From the point of view of the aesthetic appearance of the sauna, it is better to use decorative dampers.

Ventilation in a sauna with an electric heater

The flow of fresh air to the stove is carried out by a special channel, which should be located under the floor, and the air outlet closer to it. The hole box is installed 1/4 larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the chimney. Oxygen should only come from outside. Ventilation can be built with your own hands. To do this, first of all, a box facing the street is mounted along the baseboard. WITH inside it is closed with a lattice, and with an external mesh, so that insects or small pests do not get into the steam room.

Attention! The outflow of air masses is carried out using an exhaust channel, which is located diagonally from the supply channel. It is installed at a height of 25-30 cm from the floor. Next, the outlet rises up to the ceiling and is led out onto the street. For work it is better to use plastic pipes. This design will provide the steam room with high-quality ventilation.

Combined ventilation system

If the steam room has a special structure design, then it is not always possible to arrange in such a room natural system air exchange or mechanical ventilation. For example, if a sauna has three adjacent walls with other rooms, then the inlet and outlet outlets can only be placed on one side.

In such a situation, it is necessary to follow the rules for proper placement of veterinary ducts: the supply duct should be placed at a level of 25-30 cm from the floor, and the outlet duct – 20-30 cm from the ceiling. When cold air masses enter the steam room, they pass through the stove, heat up and rise upward. Such circulation will always ensure fresh and heated air in the sauna. But this method has a drawback - sometimes the air exchange process can be too intense, and it can only be controlled using special dampers on the outlets.

There is another option for combined ventilation - when supply channel It is placed not below, but above the heater. If the outlet is installed a little higher on the opposite wall, it will be quite effective. ventilation system in the steam room. But often for large premises Such circulation is not enough, so experts recommend installing a fan in the outlet duct. With its help, air masses will be better driven through the sauna.

Common mistakes when installing ventilation

1. Installation of one outlet under the ceiling of the room. The disadvantage of this installation is that all the warm air masses will rise to the top and quickly “pull out” onto the street. Regulate temperature regime it will be difficult in the sauna, and fuel consumption will increase several times.
2. Installation of supply and exhaust on the same level. Air exchange will be minimal, and the formation of drafts in the steam room is guaranteed.
3. If the cross-section of the exhaust channel is smaller than the supply channel, then air circulation in the sauna with a steam generator will be difficult.

The main goal of constructing ventilation in a steam room is to ensure constant air exchange in the room (at least 5-6 times). When installing a veterinary system, it is important to avoid mistakes that will lead to problems such as lack of fresh air and drafts.

After ventilation ducts have been installed in a bathhouse with an electric heater or a simple stove, you need to check their operation - just hold a match or lighter to the hole. A visit to a steam room with a properly equipped ventilation system will only bring health benefits and pleasure for the soul and body.

Popularity of private small baths is growing daily. Today, anyone who has even superficial skills in handling tools and experience in construction can build their own bathhouse. Here, as with the construction of any other object, it is important to take all precautions. And protection from the effects of the stove is no exception.

The heat from the stove, spreading throughout the room, harms the upholstery of rooms and furniture. Of course, in large baths this problem does not arise - it is enough to withstand minimum distance from the stove to the walls and to benches, tables and other objects. In rooms where space is limited, it is necessary to use additional protection– special partitions for the furnace.

Features and Functions

The protective partition in the bathhouse near the stove is universal subject. Modern manufacturers of such equipment offer many options for barrier screens. New products will suit any needs and different budgets.

The partition plays an important role because it performs the following functions:

• eliminates the possibility of burns;
• used as additional room decor;
• Using a protective partition, you can control the flow of heat not only into the steam room, but throughout the entire house.

Brick baths are in great demand. This material has a fairly low thermal conductivity, so brick walls heat up much more slowly. But such a property does not brick walls in the bathhouse are completely safe - here it is also necessary to protect the walls of the bathhouse from the heat of the stove. Wood is used as the most popular material for building a bathhouse. High temperatures increase the risk of fire.

The use of barrier screens in wooden baths is becoming a prerequisite.

What materials can be used to create a protective partition?

The enclosure of the stove in the bathhouse is designed to reduce the effects of heat. Brick or metal are used to make it. Each material has its own advantages and is used depending on specific conditions.

Metal partitions

Steel or cast iron are more often used. To provide maximum effect The device must be installed at a distance of 2 cm from the stove. Manufacturers of furnaces and boilers often complete their products with protective partitions. Depending on the purpose, they can be lateral or frontal.

The use of heat-resistant screens allows the stove surface temperature to be reduced to 100°C, due to which the zone of intense heat exposure is reduced by 50 cm. Installing a metal partition yourself is not difficult.

Brick screens

The brick partition is a kind of casing. It completely covers metal surfaces to protect the walls from heat. In some cases, brick screens are used as partitions between walls.

Characteristics of a brick partition

To install the screen, just take an ordinary red brick and lay it with mortar. The thickness is half a brick. In some cases, you can use a quarter brick.

Instructions for creating different types of protection from oven heat

A fence for a stove in a steam room made of a sheet of metal will be the most effective and simple solution for a home bath. It is better to use a polished panel, since a smooth, shiny surface is much more reflective. This property also means that heat will not accumulate in the metal, but will spread throughout the room.

The metal fence for the stove in the steam room must be attached to the brickwork or directly to the floor using special fasteners or components. The process will not take much time, but you will completely protect your vacation.

It is necessary to leave a distance between the floor and the metal that will allow air to circulate freely.

The brick partition is laid in half a brick. Here it is also necessary to leave a gap between the floor and the first row. Most often it is made in the form of a door. With its help you can regulate the degree of heat accumulation in the oven.

Start laying from the bottom row, and gradually rise to the height of the stove. The level of the screen should be 15–20 cm higher than the stove. Many experts recommend making such a partition all the way to the ceiling.

Protective non-combustible wall coverings

The wooden walls of the bathhouse are constantly exposed to high temperatures, which in a short period of time leads to their complete wear. You can sheathe them thermal insulation materials. They are also divided by type and effectiveness.

Reflective trims

Widely popular metal finish along with thermal insulation. First, thermal insulation sheathing is attached to the wooden walls, and then the partition is completed with a sheet of metal. Between them you can place an additional layer of insulation from basalt wool, basalt cardboard, asbestos painting, mineralite and so on.

Fire resistant structures

A special heat-resistant cladding is used as protection for the walls. To do this, the fire-resistant cladding is covered with heat-resistant tiles. Non-flammable glue is used for its installation. The following facing materials have good fire-resistant qualities:

• terracotta tiles;
• tiles;
• porcelain stoneware;
• soapstone and so on.

In addition, fire-resistant plasterboard, mineralite, glass magnesium sheet and other fireproof boards for baths. It must be taken into account that for each type it is necessary to provide ventilation in the form of a gap at the bottom. Practice shows that the use of cladding as a heat-resistant protection of walls in a bathhouse has almost the same thermal characteristics, as reflective trims. The only drawback is the cost, which is several times higher than standard options.

Protecting the walls of the bathhouse from the heat of the stove requires a careful approach and choice necessary materials. Modern manufacturers already offer ready-made solutions in the form of metal protective screens that are easy to install and use. Brickwork also has high thermal insulation characteristics, so it is also popular.

Availability of electricity in country house, allows you to simplify as much as possible the installation of a steam room in a bathhouse or sauna under construction. The ease of installation and compactness of an electric sauna stove, see m-kamin.ru for yourself, allow you to quickly and effectively solve the issue of arranging the main place in the sauna, the steam room.

How to choose the right electric stove for a bath

An electric furnace for a bath is a heating electric device, which, like all electrical appliances, has technical specifications one of the main parameters is power.

The power of the electric furnace is selected at the rate of 1 kilowatt of power per 1 cubic meter. steam room meter. The calculation is simple, for a steam room 2 by 2 meters with ceilings of 2.2 meters, you need an 8.8 kW electric oven. Provided that the walls, floor and ceiling of the steam room are well insulated.

If there are doubts about the quality of insulation, then the power of the purchased heater (the accepted name for an electric sauna stove) needs to be increased by 25%.

The second criterion for choosing an electric furnace for a bathhouse will be the available power supply voltage. In our country it is 220 or 380 Volts. Electric furnaces with a supply voltage of 380 Volts are quite rare, although they are more economical.

It is worth noting that sellers must indicate, along with the power, the volume of the steam room in which this stove can operate. Unfortunately, almost all sellers deliberately overestimate the volume of the steam room in relation to the power of the electric furnace. The explanations are trivial; the volume of the steam room with ideal thermal insulation is indicated.

When choosing a heater, you should pay attention to the volume of stones loaded into the stove. The characteristic is not fundamental, but it affects the following. Electric sauna stoves with a volume of stones from 20-40 kg are more suitable for saunas, since spilling them with water should be done rarely and the air in the steam room will be dry. Heaters with a load of 40-60 or more kg of stones can be shed without restrictions and they are more suitable for baths, where the air in the steam room should be more humid.

Installation of electric stoves in the bathhouse

When installing electric stoves in a steam room, you need to pay attention to three important factors: safety, security and safety.

The combination of two “enemies” in one place, water and electricity, and the presence of a person without clothes, puts the issue of safety in the first place.

Security Solutions

Electrical safety when installing an electric furnace in a steam room is solved by the following measures:

Grounding. The electrical circuit for powering the heater must be made of a cable with a separate grounding conductor. The body of the heater must be grounded, that is, connected by a grounding conductor to the main grounding bus of the house or a grounding contact in the apartment's electrical panel. When powered at 220 Volts, a three-core cable is used; at 380 Volts, the cable must have 5 cores.

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Dedicated power group. To power the heater, a separate electrical group must be allocated, protected by a circuit breaker. The rating of the circuit breaker is selected according to maximum power electric furnaces.

Residual current device. Electrical circuit of an electric sauna stove, except for protection circuit breaker, must be protected by an RCD (residual current device). The RCD rating is 10 mA.

Correct choice of cross-section and type of power cable. To eliminate fire safety problems, you need to choose the correct cross-section of the electric cable powering the heater. The choice of cross-section of the cable cores depends on the power of the electric furnace.

A cable is selected for power supply, with copper wires. Let's stop here.

Any heater is not connected to the power supply directly. From the electrical panel, the power cable is connected to the stove control unit, and from it it is connected with a separate cable to the heater itself. The stove control unit is moved outside the steam room.

With this connection we get two lines of one circuit. One is walking along normal premises home from the switchboard to the control unit. Second the chain goes in a super-humid and aggressive (temperature) steam room. Hence the different requirements for the cable.

• From the switchboard to the control unit, a cable with copper conductors with a cross-section according to the table above is used;
• A rubber insulated cable is used from the control unit to the oven (it is supplied with the oven). The passage of the power cable through the wall in the steam room is made in a sleeve with an inclination towards the steam room.
• To protect the rubber cable in the steam room, it must be protected in a metal corrugation or in metal pipe. The corrugation or pipe must be grounded.
• To reduce the length of the final power cable, a metal junction box can be installed in the steam room, in which the power cable is disconnected from the rubber hose of the oven.

Removal of control devices. The control unit for the electric sauna stove is moved outside the steam room. The control unit includes: thermistor, control panel, external switch (if equipped), distribution cabinet, relay cabinet (if provided).

Reliable insulation of the stove in a bathhouse from the walls is one of the most basic tasks in building a bathhouse. Protecting flammable surfaces avoids not only fire, but also deformation of the wall material. It is important for home craftsmen to know the basic requirements and step by step instructions works on thermal insulation from various materials.

Collapse

First, let's figure out whether it is always necessary to protect the surfaces of walls and ceilings in a bathhouse.

When is furnace wall insulation necessary?

If the stove is made of brick, or is located at a distance of more than 1000 mm from the wall, it does not make sense to carry out a full cycle of thermal insulation work. In these cases, it is enough to make a protective screen from foil on moisture-resistant kraft paper. It is important to know the gaps between the wall and stoves with different surface materials:

• it is recommended to move the stove, laid out with a wall thickness of half a brick, 350-400 mm from the surfaces of the bathhouse;
• a metal stove, not lined with brick or a layer of thermal insulation, must be at least 1000 mm away from the walls;
• It is recommended to install a steel stove with an extended part of the firebox and protected by thermal insulation at a distance of 700 mm.

But most individual baths are small in size and it is not always possible to maintain the required clearances. That's why optimal solution problems - protecting the walls and ceiling with a reliable layer of thermal insulation made of non-flammable, moisture-resistant materials.

Example of wall protection

SNIP requirements

Protection of the walls of the bathhouse from the heat of the stove is carried out according to the requirements building codes. For home handyman it is important to know the main ones.

SNiP III-G.11-62

“Heating stoves, smoke and ventilation ducts of residential and public buildings. Rules for production and acceptance of work."

According to these standards, the gaps from the heater to the wall surfaces are:

• thickness of overlaid wall panels heaters 24 cm, with a layer of lime plaster applied, or with the addition of a layer of cement, the thickness of which is 25 mm, as well as when applying a layer of asbestos and clay solution, 4 cm thick - the distance must be at least 13 cm;
• the thickness of the wall of the heater is half a brick and applying a layer of lime plaster and adding asbestos, 25 mm thick or when protected with asbestos-vermuculite slabs 4 cm thick - a distance of 300 mm;
• when installing steel stoves, with the walls of the stove covered with refractory material, the minimum distance to plastered wooden walls is 700 mm, with a layer of gypsum and lime solution thickness of 25 mm;
• When installing a steel stove in a bathhouse with unplastered walls, the distance to them should be at least 1000 mm.

The fire inspector checks and signs permits for the use of the bathhouse when conducting control measurements. Only after this procedure can you use the bathhouse.

SNiP 2.04.05-91

"Heating. Ventilation and air conditioning."

When purchasing an industrial model of a furnace, the installation requirements can be found in the instructions. Home craftsmen must know and fulfill several requirements:

• the ceiling in the bathhouse is protected by asbestos slabs, plaster and sheet metal, up to 1 cm thick, in this case the brick-lined stove is made in height so that the gap to the ceiling is at least 250 mm;
• when installing a steel stove with a protective heat-insulating layer, maintain a gap to the ceiling of at least 700-800 mm if the ceiling is plastered and protected with non-combustible materials;
• in all other cases, the distance to the ceiling should be 1200 mm.

But the DIYers are faced with the question of how to cover the wall near the stove in the bathhouse?

Methods of wall insulation

Industry produces various materials and I want to choose best option in terms of price and quality. Let's look at the main options for protecting surfaces in a steam room.

Fireproof plasterboard

This material is also produced as regular drywall, but the outer surfaces are treated with special substances that make it insensitive to high temperatures. At the same time, it is able to withstand the impact open fire for 1 hour, without losing its properties and without emitting smoke and soot.

You can distinguish it by the color of the sheet markings. It comes in red color. When purchasing, pay attention to 2 main characteristics of the material, which are indicated in the certificate:

• limit of resistance to fire. This indicates the time of exposure to high temperatures before the material is destroyed. The higher this number, the more reliable the surface protection will be;
• leaf mass. They use sheets 12 mm thick; such plasterboard weighs more than regular plasterboard, so it is important to take this characteristic into account, especially for installation on the ceiling.

Work on laying fire-resistant plasterboard is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. prepare the walls; to do this, they need to be cleaned of dirt and remnants of the old finishing layer. After this, it is necessary to prime the surfaces and level them with a solution;
2. attach waterproofing and a layer of thermal insulation to the walls;
3. we treat the walls and ceiling with impregnations that increase the fire resistance of surfaces;
4. mark the installation location of the profiles for fastening drywall and secure the guides at a distance from ceiling covering walls – 100 mm. Clearance up to wooden floor we perform 50 mm. The frame is secured with long self-tapping screws;
5. sheets of material are installed on the frame and secured with self-tapping screws, the caps of which must be screwed flush with the surface of the sheets;
6. you can move on to finishing works, but don't forget about high humidity in the steam room, so you can treat the walls and ceiling with water-repellent impregnations. After this, the walls are puttied and a layer of decorative finishing is applied.

The work on finishing the walls and ceilings of the bathhouse using fire-resistant plasterboard has been completed.

Minerite

How to isolate a stove in a bathhouse from wooden wall? Many builders use the Minerite material, which combines thermal insulation properties and protect surfaces from exposure to open fire.

These slabs are made with cement - fibrous base and a hard front surface. Materials produced specifically for damp rooms and baths are not affected by humidity and heavy loads. Using Minerita slabs, wall coverings are installed without gaps; they are not subject to deformation when heated, so there is no need to leave temperature gaps.

The plates can withstand heating up to 150 0 without changing their physical properties. They are environmentally safe when used in damp areas and when exposed to high temperatures, do not emit harmful substances and are resistant to the formation of fungi and mold.

The work on their installation is carried out similarly to the installation of drywall, but does not require the manufacture of a frame:

1. before work, clean all surfaces from dirt and old coating;
2. if necessary, we level the walls, especially the floors, to prevent the sheet from bending;
3. the slabs are laid on the floor or walls without gaps to the wall and secured with self-tapping screws;
4. on the walls and floor it is necessary to make a gap of 30 mm for air access. Therefore, self-tapping or industrial bushings are used on self-tapping screws. Therefore, when purchasing self-tapping screws, it is necessary to take into account the size of the indentation;
5. When installing slabs in a new bathhouse building, it is important to make small grooves or drill holes of a larger diameter in the place where the self-tapping screw passes. This is necessary to protect against damage to the slabs during shrinkage of the building.

After completing the work, the slabs are puttied and decorative finishing is applied.

Superizol

A fire-resistant material consisting of quartz and quicklime with the addition of additives can withstand temperatures of 120 0. It is used for finishing fireplaces, walls, and ceilings of bathhouses from the heat of the stove. When heated, substances harmful to humans and unpleasant odors are not released.

Plates with a thickness of 25-80 mm are fixed in the same way as drywall with glue, screws or heat-resistant mastic. Thermal insulation of a stove in a bathhouse using Superizol is not cheap way finishing steam room coverings, but you should not buy Chinese inexpensive slabs.

Stainless steel protective screen

For these purposes, screens with a matte or mirror surface are used. Stainless steel sheets are perfect solution both to protect the steam room coverings from fires and to decorative finishing premises.

But the material is quite expensive, so you can use a screen to protect the lower surface of the walls near the stove, and install cheaper material on top.

Insulation sauna stove from a wooden wall using stainless steel screens is carried out according to the following scheme:

General scheme

The screen is ready. Better to use mirror surfaces screens, in this case, they will reflect heat, it will be distributed faster and evenly throughout the steam room. Thus, we create a protective screen around the stove in the bathhouse, protect ourselves from burns and create a layer of decorative finishing.

Which method is better to choose?

Furnace wall decoration for different types and sizes of baths, different shapes and materials are used. The main thing, in this case, is to ensure fire safety your steam room and protecting walls from deformation at high heating temperatures.

Otherwise, everything depends on the capabilities and desires of the steam room owners. You can use heat-resistant tiles or expensive tiles, or you can simply cover the walls and ceiling mineral wool and a layer of metal foil. By leveling the walls with sheets of plasterboard with surfaces not exposed to open fire, you can paint the steam room with heat-resistant paint using Minerita.

If the bathhouse is large, you may not need to perform this work if the conditions of SNIP and fire safety are met. Having done concrete base larger in size than the stove and maintaining a gap of 1 m to the walls, you can safely use the heater and enjoy the steam. In any case, it is important to take care of safety and then your bathhouse will serve you for a long time.

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To maintain optimal temperature in all bath rooms, it is best to heat the bath using a heater installed in the steam room. For small-sized baths, consisting of a dressing room, a wash room and a steam room, a single stove, as a rule, is installed in such a way that the heater is located in the steam room, the stove firebox is located in the dressing room, and the storage tank for heated water is located in the washing room.

Simplified bath heating systems

The easiest to manufacture, maintain and operate is the system in which the bath is heated from a stove in the steam room. That is, the stove-heater, which provides maximum heating of the surrounding air and the production of heated steam, is located in a steam room, and its combustion part, through which flammable material is loaded, is taken out to the dressing room. Moreover, due to the implementation similar design The bathhouse is heated from the sauna stove simultaneously in both the steam room and the dressing room. In this case, the washing compartment of the bath is heated by placing a tank with hot water, and, if necessary, an additional heating battery.

The storage tank, located in the washing compartment of the bathhouse, is connected by pipes to a heat exchanger heated by a sauna stove. Heating water in storage tank produced using circulation pump pumping water through a heat exchanger located either directly in the fuel combustion area or on the chimney pipe of the stove.

Bath stove with heat exchanger for heating and receiving required quantity hot water is the most effective and in a simple way maintaining optimal temperature in all rooms of the bath. This combined design is quite economical in terms of fuel consumption, generates a large number of heat and has a relatively short time to reach operating mode.

Bath stoves and their features

If necessary, with a heating circuit, it can be quite universal both in terms of operating mode and the fuel used in it. Such a furnace can be used either in a continuous combustion mode, or in a cyclic mode, with periodic loading of combustible material. Natural gas, wood, charcoal or fuel pellets can be used as fuel. In addition, electric stoves of appropriate power can be used to heat the bath and heat the water.

Continuous combustion furnaces are usually made from steel. Such a furnace heats up quickly and cools down quickly when the fuel supply to it is stopped. Sometimes the surface of steel stoves is lined with decorative non-flammable material, which increases its safety and heat capacity.

Stoves used in cyclic mode for heating a room must have a high heat capacity and the ability to retain heat for a long time after the fuel supply has stopped. They are made from refractory bricks, which have a large mass and high heat capacity. Such an oven, after heating, can retain high temperature enough long time. The disadvantages of such furnaces include a long time to reach the operating mode, that is, a long time for heating the furnace in a cold state.

To organize the supply of hot water to the bathhouse, as well as for heating the premises, stoves equipped with systems are used forced circulation hot water, as well as heat exchangers.

Furnaces with heat exchangers

Furnaces equipped with heat exchange devices allow you to successfully solve all the problems of heating a room, heating water, and creating steam. Heating a bathhouse from the heat exchanger of a bathhouse stove can include not only the main rooms of the bathhouse, but also auxiliary ones, for example, a shower room, a relaxation room, a swimming pool, a billiard room, etc.

When designing a stove equipped with heat exchange devices, even at the stage of building a bathhouse, the following should be taken into account:

• dimensions of the bathhouse and area of ​​heated premises;
• dimensions and weight of the furnace;
• specific gravity of the heating device;
• the number of heat exchange devices included in the furnace kit;
• the total volume and composition of the circulating coolant;
• diameter and length of the chimney.

Sauna stoves with a heat exchanger can be connected using heat-insulated pipes:

1. To a remote tank for heating water used in the washing section of the bathhouse.
2. To heating radiators located in the service areas of the bathhouse - recreation room, billiard room, etc.
3. To a hot water supply and water heating system, including not only basic and office premises baths, but also the living quarters of the house.

Stoves for heating baths with wood come with an internal or external heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger is located in the combustion chamber between the body and the casing. It uses heat obtained directly from the combustion of fuel and heating of the furnace.

An external heat exchanger is installed around the chimney pipe. It uses the heat given off by heated gases when they are removed outside. Due to the increased volume of the external heat exchanger, its operating efficiency increases. Using the heat of the gases escaping through the chimney allows you to save fuel and increase the efficiency of the furnace by reducing the temperature of the exhaust gases.

IN cast iron stove The water in the heat exchanger is heated by exhaust flue gases and thermal radiation. The heat exchanger body is located in the upper part of the firebox in the area of ​​the chimney.

A brick stove for a bath assumes the location of a heat exchanger inside brickwork in close proximity to the firebox. This somewhat increases the thermal inertia of the heat exchanger, and also reduces the likelihood of its overheating or oxidation of its surface under the influence of open fire.

The heat exchanger providing heating of the bath from the stove in the steam room must comply with technical parameters effective power of the water heating system, operating pressure in the system, volume and composition of the circulating coolant.

Features of a sauna stove with a heat exchanger

A sauna stove equipped with a heat exchanger has certain design features.

These include, in particular:

• tube supply system for coolant circulation;
• thickened body walls;
• increased volume of the heater;
• availability in mandatory air distributor;
• firebox door made of heat-resistant glass.

The heat exchanger operates due to the constant circulation of water through all devices that make up the heating system in the bathhouse. For effective use heat exchanger, the length of each connecting pipe must be a maximum of 3 m. Especially if there is no external thermal insulation pipes.

Subject to compliance, as well as in the presence of systems forced ventilation and thermoregulation, a universal stove for baths and home heating can be equipped with a heat exchanger. The stove itself can be located in the bathhouse and connected to the living quarters of the house using a thermally insulated heating pipeline and supplying the home with hot water.

To organize water circulation in the centralized heating system, as well as to supply hot water to the premises of the house and to the washing compartment, an automated bathhouse is used to maintain constant pressure in the line.

The most simple design universal oven is an electric stove with separate electric heaters for the stove sections with a heat exchanger and the heater.

Such a furnace can operate in several modes, namely:

1. In the mode of heating the residential premises of the house and its hot water supply (DHW) while maintaining a minimum required temperature in bathhouses during the cold season.
2. In heating mode for baths and the entire house with hot water supply during the cold season.
3. Organization of heating of the bathhouse and heater in the summer.

A similar stove for bathing and heating at the same time can be created in the form of a continuous device using natural gas or fuel pellets. Use as fuel charcoal or wood in this case is difficult and has certain technical difficulties. After all, wood or coal stoves do not provide the possibility automatic adjustment temperature. This can lead to sudden temperature changes in the heating line.

If it is possible to connect to a natural gas pipeline or electrical cable industrial voltage, you can make a sauna stove from a heating boiler operating, respectively, on gas or electricity. Such a stove can perform the functions of a heating and water heating system. Together with heating boiler In the bathhouse, you can also install a small steel wood-burning stove in the steam room.

If the system has central heating At home with sufficient power, the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse can be heated using it. To do this, heat-insulated pipes are laid from the home heating system to the bathhouse, to which heating radiators for the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse are connected. In this case, the stove-heater can only be used to heat the steam or washing section of the bath, if necessary.

If the distance from the water heating boiler of a residential building to the bathhouse is small, then heat loss with such a heating system can be minimal. In addition, the presence of an independent external heating system will support optimal temperature in the bathhouse winter period. This is required to prevent freezing of water supply and sewerage pipes, as well as the bathhouse itself. The combination of heating systems of a residential building and a bathhouse in this case can be of an auxiliary, backup nature.

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