Where did the military greeting come from and what does it mean? How to salute in the army, legends and facts about this phenomenon

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The army has its own laws, which can be either generally known or hidden from the uninitiated. The need to salute arises when greeting military personnel. This is one of the so-called “military rituals”, which is part of the etiquette of military personnel. Currently military salute present in the armies of most countries of the world. However, the order in which it is performed may vary.

When this phrase is used, it implies recognition of the merits of the military man and showing respect for him. This is a unique form of greeting used by soldiers.

At all times, the youngest military man in rank and age gave the honor first, thereby recognizing the high achievements of another soldier. Today honor can be given to:

  1. To one person.
  2. A group of people.
  3. An item that has special meaning. We can talk about a monument to fallen heroes, a banner, etc.

Both the military salute itself and the procedure for performing it can vary significantly in different armed forces. The reason for this is the differences in the development of military affairs, the socio-political system, education, science and cultural traditions etc. However, no matter what such a gesture is, it always indicates respect and recognition of the merits of the person you meet.

There are two options for a military greeting:

  1. The soldier performs it independently, finding himself next to a high-ranking military man.
  2. Honor is given on command. At the same time, the greeting is often carried out by all personnel of a certain formation. This can be either a military unit or unit, or a ship.

Previously, the military salute was called a salute or salutation. Also in the literature you can find such a term as “trump”.

Rules


According to the requirements of modern etiquette, a girl walking with a military man should be on his left side

Since there is a concept of military etiquette, there are certain rules, which must be followed when complying with it. Similar rules apply to all military personnel, regardless of rank. They are determined by the provisions of the charters and the principles of the military oath.

There are also concepts of general etiquette. For example, in the old days, a man, being a protector and support for his woman, had to walk to her left. This was explained by the fact that he carried the weapon on his side, and if necessary, he should not have touched her if he pulled it out.

However, due to the need to salute, this rule of etiquette is a thing of the past. Today, uniformed soldiers walk to the right of the woman. In this case, the military man will not touch her with his elbow during the greeting. In addition, if a soldier is walking with a companion on his arm, he also needs to be to her right so that his right hand remains free for greeting.

Differences when performing a greeting

Many people who are not familiar with the nuances of army etiquette are interested in which hand they salute with? In all countries, honor is given with the right hand. This tradition does not depend on the culture of each specific country and is international. Violation of this rule is possible only due to inexperience or oversight.

The difference in a military salute may only concern the presence or absence of a headdress. Some believe that such a gesture arose as a simplification of the procedure for removing the headdress. At the moment, there are several hypotheses about the origin of the army salute:

  1. The ritual originated in Great Britain. Here, military personnel with junior ranks greeted their elders by removing their hats. It has been this way since time immemorial. However, during the period from the 18th to the 19th centuries, soldiers' hats became quite cumbersome in order to constantly remove them. Therefore, the greeting procedure was reduced to a simple touch of the visor.
  2. Another hypothesis says that the tradition of saluting originated in the United States. The first records regarding this military ritual date back to the second half of the 19th century. The emergence of army traditions occurred as a result of the end Civil War North and South. The army that won this war consisted of volunteers who did not have any combat skills. They wore ordinary clothes and often did not have hats. Therefore, honor was given by placing a hand on the head.
  3. Romantic hypothesis. It is believed that the army salute originally arose as a gesture of a knight covering his eyes when he saw his lady. No connection to the headdress in in this case not visible.

Thus, today it is impossible to say with confidence which version of the military greeting is initially correct. However, in most countries, the hand is placed on the cap, and greeting without a headdress is considered a violation of the regulations.

Military salute in different countries


In all armies of the world, military honor is given with the right hand.

Regardless of the features of the military greeting adopted by the army of a particular country, there are certain general rules. When planning to salute, a soldier has no right to lower his eyes or bow his head.

When greeting another military man, you should look him in the eyes, which indicates mutual respect, regardless of rank and rank. As mentioned above, you should salute exclusively with your right hand.

The differences may be in the hand gesture and the rotation of the palm. Let's consider the most popular types military greetings:

  1. In Great Britain the hand is raised to right eyebrow with your palm facing outward.
  2. In France, the greeting is done with the palm facing down.
  3. In the US Army, soldiers also turn their palm down when saluting. In this case, the hand should be slightly extended forward, as if covering the soldier’s eyes from the sun.
  4. The Italian Army has slightly modified rules. When greeting, the palm should be slightly raised above the level of the visor.
  5. The greeting in the Polish army should be done only with the index and middle fingers, which are placed against the visor. The soldiers saluted in the same way Tsarist Russia up to 1856.

Since 1856, in Russia the honor is given as follows: the entire palm is used, which turns downwards. The soldier's hand is positioned in such a way that he middle finger lightly touched the visor of his cap, being directed at the soldier’s temple.

It is because of this method of military greeting that such synonyms of military greeting as “trump”, “trump” and “take under the peak” appeared.

In Russia, a military salute is carried out with the right hand, which is enshrined in the corresponding paragraph of the Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

When you go to battle, show your face!
This is the beginning of courage.
With your hand above your head
I'll raise my visor.

V. Medvedev, "Super-adventures of a super-cosmonaut"

You know, I had somehow never thought about this question before - where did this rather strange manner of modern military personnel of greeting each other, “taking the truce” come from? Not the most banal gesture, you will agree.

It would be nice to throw your arm up or hit yourself in the chest with your heel - somehow you can understand it. But to sharply raise your palm above the eyebrow level, almost touching the visor of your cap, and hold it there for some time? And consider this a military greeting? You can’t imagine something like this out of fear, you must agree. There must be some kind of backstory.
Note: I can't stand the way things are Soviet army expression "to salute". You can’t give honor; who needs an officer or a soldier without honor, pray tell? Thank God that in modern Russian army the neutral term "military salute" is used. And generally speaking:

IN different armies around the world they give the military salute in different ways. In Russian, a headdress is obligatory - “you don’t put your hand on an empty head.” In the US it is possible to use an empty one, which gives rise to irony...) But it doesn’t matter.

In general, the traditional Russian military greeting is like this.

Doesn't remind you of anything? Yes, this is... The same gesture with which a warrior in a closed helmet raises his visor! And then he holds it for some time, because if you don’t hold the visor, then it may fall. Retainers for visor open position were not on every helmet.

When I dug up this information, I looked at my visored salad for a long time and felt like an idiot. I repeatedly repeated this gesture, raising the face plate up, but it never occurred to me that this movement was the historical basis that preceded the “take up the visor” greeting...

Moreover, when a modern officer, raising his hand to the visor of his cap, sharply “swipes” it down - this is again a greatly reduced gesture of lowering the visor so that it snaps into place! It seems almost obvious - however, it didn’t even occur to me to think in this direction...

Justify historically

Everything here is elementary. For knights of the late Middle Ages, raising the visor defiantly meant greeting the enemy before the tournament, while simultaneously proving that you are exactly who you say you are. For from the outside it is completely impossible to see who is sitting in this tin can, maybe Baron von Moonshine himself, or maybe a figurehead. Some kind of impostor.

Therefore, before the fight, the knights raised their visors, only to lower them into place with a clang a second later and send their horses into a gallop.

Centuries have passed. There are no more knights and tournaments. But the gesture, which had become practically meaningless, was preserved and passed on even to those armies in which there were never knights at all...

A military salute or salute is a gesture or other action used to show respect by members of the military. The history of saluting in the military goes back hundreds of years. Military traditions different countries and times were extremely diverse. Hand gestures, rifle and cannon shots, hoisting of banners, removal of headdresses and other means were used, all to show respect and deference.

There is a beautiful legend about the first fireworks.

Sir Francis Drake, a legendary sailor and pirate, in 1588, while receiving Queen Elizabeth of England (far from the standard of beauty) on his ship, pretended to be blind from her beauty, covering his eyes with his palm, and, supposedly, this tradition was born.

According to another version, more plausible, the knights, when meeting, raised the visor of their helmet with their unarmed hand, thereby greeting their comrades. Today it is believed that the modern gesture of saluting in the army has its roots in the second. Over time, placing the right hand on the headdress has become mandatory to express respect in all regular (and not only) armies of the world.

Interesting! Modern giving military honor comes from Great Britain, which is documented by military regulations.

How they salute in the armies of the world: diversity of traditions

In Britain, a military salute is a sign of respect for the highest ranking officer and the Queen on whose behalf he is acting.

Important! Required condition for a hand gesture, for example, the presence of a headdress: beret, cap, etc. Without a headdress (indoors), you should stand at attention.

Prim British etiquette puts forward the most stringent requirements for the criteria for performing the salute. How to salute correctly in the army, the military regulations popularly explain:

  • the fingers should be pressed tightly together, the thumb located along the palm facing outward, the middle finger to the right and slightly above the eyebrows. As a result, the center of the conventional axis of the hand must be fixed at the level of the head, and the middle finger should be approximately level with the base of the cockade;
  • salute only with the right hand;
  • The position of the hand should be maintained until a response gesture follows.

During combat operations, statutory salutes are generally prohibited, mainly due to the threat of snipers. At the same time, we should not forget about common sense, because the military base through a short time will turn into a booth, if there are no exceptions here.

The salute in the French army is generally identical to the British one. The armies of Australia and New Zealand also inherit the army etiquette of their former mother country. In the US Army, they practice saluting with their heads covered and uncovered, provided that their hands are free. The Israeli army practically believes that it is not worth burdening soldiers with such rituals during barracks life, so it does not oblige anyone to anything.

How did they salute in the Russian army?

The Russian army was created in a European manner, adopting everything, including statutory traditions and military etiquette. Emperor Peter I, its direct creator, was guided by Prussia, Austria, Sweden and other leading military powers of that time. In the imperial army, the military salute was called a salute, and the matter was not limited to just the gesture of removing the hat; when meeting a colleague or superior, a military man had to perform a whole series of bows and curtseys in order to express deep respect to him, depending on his social status. The location (street or room) during the salute also played an important role.

With the advent of massive headdresses in the Russian Imperial Army, such as a helmet and a shako, fastened with a strap at the chin, removal and bowing became extremely problematic, namely long and awkward. It was decided to abandon them and replace them with the long-established salute in Europe using a bladed weapon or moving the hand towards the headdress.

Parallel for a long time got along and existed, side by side different variants saluting in the army. However, the need finally arose to reform and unify this part of military etiquette. Saluting by placing one's hand on the headdress has gained increasing popularity due to its simplicity and clarity. Thus, a universal form of ritual was found. Initially, among officers, preference was given to “trumping” with two fingers right hand, middle and index, the so-called “Polish” greeting, this tradition has been preserved in the Polish Army to this day. The origins of this movement are easily guessed by the simple gesture of removing a hat, when these two fingers were placed on top of the brim, and the big one supported the headdress from below.

IN Russian Empire second half of the 19th century new form saluting by holding a brush to the visor of a headdress became a cultural norm. However, the straightened fingers of the hand should be brought to the visor with the palm down, which was recorded in the military regulations of the 1891 edition in this way:

  • the banner should be saluted at attention;
  • the crew should salute by moving the hand towards the headdress;
  • The commander should be greeted by bringing the hand to the headdress with straightened fingers, palm down and slightly outward, keeping the elbow at shoulder level, while the gaze should be on the commander and follow him with the eyes;
  • When saluting, a military man should not remove his hat to anyone.

Honor was supposed to be given to superiors, members of the royal family, colleagues, the regimental banner, etc. All officers, and all lower ranks without exception, when meeting, were supposed to greet each other by putting their right hand to the visor.

After the revolution, the Soviet government significantly reduced the ritual of saluting in the Red Army, but retained historical background. After the collapse Soviet Union, V Russian Federation the military is faithful to traditions, so they teach soldiers how to salute in the army, following the model of 1975, although the expression “to salute” itself, due to various socio-cultural reasons, has become an anachronism and is practically not used.

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CHARTER OF THE INTERNAL SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 12/14/93) (as amended on 12/18/2006) (2019) Relevant in 2018

Military salute

43. The military salute is the embodiment of the comradely cohesion of military personnel, evidence of mutual respect and a manifestation of common culture. All military personnel are obliged to greet each other when meeting (overtaking), strictly observing the rules established by the drill regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Subordinates and juniors military rank They greet first, and in case of equal status, the first to greet is the one who considers himself more polite and well-mannered.

44. Military personnel are also obliged to greet:

The Battle Banner of a military unit, as well as the Naval flag upon arrival on a warship and upon departure from it;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units.

44. Military units and subunits, when in formation, salute upon command:

President and Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation;

Marshals of the Russian Federation, army generals, fleet admirals, colonel generals, admirals and all direct superiors, as well as persons appointed to manage the inspection (check) of a military unit (unit).

To greet the above-mentioned persons in the ranks, the senior commander gives the command “At attention, alignment to the RIGHT (to the LEFT, to the MIDDLE)”, meets them and reports.

For example: “Comrade Major General. The 110th Motorized Rifle Regiment has been assembled for the general regimental evening verification. The regimental commander is Colonel Petrov.”

When building a military unit with the Battle Banner (at a parade, drill review, during the bringing to Military oath etc.) the report indicates the full name of the military unit with a list of honorary titles and orders assigned to it. When greeting the ranks while on the move, the chief gives only a command.

46. ​​Military units and units also salute on command:

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier;

Mass graves of soldiers who died in battles for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland;

The Battle Banner of a military unit, and on a warship the Naval Flag during its raising and lowering;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units;

Each other when meeting.

47. The military greeting by the troops in formation on the spot to the President and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation is accompanied by the performance of the “Counter March” and the National Anthem by the orchestra.

When a military unit greets direct superiors from the commander of its unit and above, as well as persons appointed to lead the inspection (check), the orchestra performs only the “Counter March”.

48. When out of formation, both during classes and in free time from classes, military personnel of military units (units) greet their superiors with the command “Attention” or “Stand up. Attention.” At headquarters and in institutions, only direct superiors and persons appointed to supervise the inspection (check) are greeted by command. During classes outside the formation, as well as at meetings at which only officers are present, the command “Comrades” is given for a military greeting to commanders (superiors). officers." The command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” is given by the eldest of the present commanders (chiefs) or the serviceman who first saw the arriving commander (chief). At this command, all those present stand up, turn towards the arriving commander (chief) and take a combat stance, and officers, warrant officers and midshipmen, with their headgear on, also put their hand to it. The eldest of the commanders (chiefs) present approaches the newcomer and reports to him. The arriving commander (chief), having accepted the report, gives the command “At ease” or “Comrade officers”, and the person reporting repeats this command, after which all those present take the “at ease” position. Officers, warrant officers and midshipmen, while wearing headdress, lower their hand and subsequently act according to the instructions of the arriving commander (chief).

49. The command “Attention” or “Stand at attention” and a report to the commander (chief) are given upon his first visit to a military unit or unit on a given day. The command "Attention" is given to the ship's commander each time he arrives on the ship (disembarks from the ship). In the presence of a senior commander (chief), the command for a military salute to the junior is not given and the report is not made. When conducting classroom lessons, the command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” is given before each lesson and at its end. The command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” before reporting to the commander (superior) is given if other military personnel are present; in their absence, the commander (superior) is only reported.

50. When performing the National Anthem, military personnel in formation take a formation stance without a command, and unit commanders from platoon and above, in addition, put their hand to their headgear. Military personnel who are out of formation, when performing the anthem, take a drill stance, and when wearing a headdress, they put their hand to it.

51. The command to perform a military salute is not given to military units and subunits:

When a military unit or unit is alerted, on the march, as well as during tactical training and exercises;

At control points, communication centers and in places of combat duty (combat service);

At the firing line and firing (launching) position during firing (launching);

At airfields during flights;

During construction, household work or work for educational purposes, as well as during classes and work in workshops, parks, hangars, laboratories;

During sports competitions and games;

When eating and after the “End Light” signal before the “Rise” signal;

In rooms for patients.

In the listed cases, the chief or senior only reports to the arriving chief.

For example: “Comrade Major. The 2nd motorized rifle company is performing the second shooting exercise. The company commander is Captain Ilyin.”

Units participating in the funeral procession do not perform a military salute.

52. At ceremonial meetings, conferences held in a military unit, as well as at performances, concerts and movies, the command for a military salute is not given and is not reported to the commander (chief). At general meetings of personnel, the command “Attention” or “Stand at attention” is given for a military greeting and reported to the commander (chief).

For example: “Comrade Lieutenant Colonel. The battalion personnel at general meeting arrived. Chief of Staff of the battalion, Major Ivanov."

53. When a superior or senior addresses individual military personnel, they, with the exception of sick ones, take a military stance and state their position, military rank and surname. When shaking hands, the elder shakes hands first. If the elder is not wearing gloves, the younger one takes off the glove from his right hand before shaking hands. Military personnel without a headdress accompany the handshake with a slight tilt of the head.

54. When greeted by a superior or senior (“Hello, comrades”), all military personnel, in or out of formation, respond: “We wish you good health”; if the boss or senior says goodbye (“Goodbye, comrades”), then the military personnel answer: “Goodbye.” At the end of the answer, the word “comrade” and military rank are added without indicating the type of military service or service.

For example, when answering: sergeants, petty officers, warrant officers, midshipmen and officers, “We wish you good health, comrade junior sergeant,” “Goodbye, comrade chief petty officer", "We wish you good health, comrade midshipman", "Goodbye, comrade lieutenant", etc.

55. If a commander (chief), in the course of his service, congratulates or thanks a serviceman, then the soldier answers the commander (chief): “I serve the Fatherland.” If the commander (chief) congratulates a military unit (unit), it responds with a drawn-out triple “Hurray”, and if the commander (chief) thanks, the military unit (unit) responds: “We serve the Fatherland.”

The procedure for presentation to commanders (superiors) and persons arriving for inspection (checking)

56. When a senior commander (chief) arrives at a military unit, only the unit commander is introduced. Other persons introduce themselves only when the senior commander (chief) directly addresses them, stating their military position, military rank and surname.

57. Military personnel introduce themselves to their immediate superiors:

When appointed to a military position;

Upon surrender of a military post;

When conferring a military rank;

When awarded an order or medal;

When leaving on a business trip, for treatment or on vacation and upon return.

When introducing themselves to their immediate superior, military personnel state their military position, military rank, last name and reason for the introduction.

For example: “Comrade Major. Commander of the 1st motorized rifle company, Captain Ivanov. I introduce myself on the occasion of my being awarded the military rank of captain.”

58. Officers and warrant officers newly appointed to the regiment are introduced to the regiment commander and then to his deputies, and upon receipt of appointment to the company to the battalion commander, company commander and their deputies. The regimental commander introduces newly arrived officers to the regiment's officers at the next officers' meeting or regimental formation.

59. When inspecting (checking) a military unit, its commander introduces himself to the arriving person appointed to lead the inspection (check), if he has a military rank equal to the commander of the unit, or is senior in rank to him; if the inspector (checker) is junior in rank to the commander of the military unit, then he introduces himself to the commander of the military unit. Before the start of the inspection (check), the commander of the military unit introduces the commanders of the inspected (checked) units to the inspecting (verifying) officer.

60. When an inspector (inspector) visits a unit, the commanders of these units meet him and report to him. If the inspector (checker) arrives at the unit together with the commander of the military unit, then the unit commander reports to the inspector (checker) if the latter is of equal military rank with the commander of the military unit or is senior in rank to him. If during an inspection (check) a senior commander (chief) arrives, then the commander of the military unit (unit) reports to him, and the inspecting (verifier) ​​introduces himself.

61. When visiting a military unit (ship) by the President of the Russian Federation, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and his deputies, commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces, members of the Government of the Russian Federation, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets, reports and accompanies these persons who have arrived at the location of the military unit ( on the ship), and upon arrival at the invitation to the military unit (ship) of the participants of the Great Patriotic War, internationalist warriors, veterans of the Armed Forces, honored figures of science, culture and art, representatives of public organizations of Russia, foreign states and other honored visitors, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets them, introduces himself to them and accompanies them without reporting. In memory of the visit to the military unit (ship) by honorary visitors, the Book of Honorable Visitors (Appendix 4) is presented to them for the corresponding entry.

62. When military personnel arrive at a military unit (unit) to carry out individual official assignments of senior commanders (chiefs), the commander of the military unit (unit) introduces himself only as the senior in military rank. In other cases, arrivals introduce themselves to the commander of the military unit (unit) and report on the purpose of their arrival.

63. All instructions from inspectors (inspectors) or military personnel performing individual official assignments from senior commanders (chiefs) are transmitted through the commander of the military unit. The named persons are obliged to inform the commander of the military unit (unit) about the results of the inspection (check) or the fulfillment of the official assignment assigned to them. When conducting a survey of military personnel of a military unit (unit), inspectors (verifiers) are guided by the requirements of Appendix 8.

It does not work Editorial from 14.12.1993

"CHARTER OF THE INTERNAL SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION" (approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 14, 1993)

Military salute

43. The military salute is the embodiment of the comradely cohesion of military personnel, evidence of mutual respect and a manifestation of common culture. All military personnel are obliged to greet each other when meeting (overtaking), strictly observing the rules established by the drill regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Subordinates and juniors in military rank greet first, and in case of equal position, the one who considers himself more polite and well-mannered greets first.

44. Military personnel are also obliged to greet:

The Battle Banner of a military unit, as well as the Naval flag upon arrival on a warship and upon departure from it;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units.

44. Military units and subunits, when in formation, salute upon command:

President and Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation;

Marshals of the Russian Federation, army generals, fleet admirals, colonel generals, admirals and all direct superiors, as well as persons appointed to manage the inspection (check) of a military unit (unit).

To greet the above-mentioned persons in the ranks, the senior commander gives the command “At attention, alignment to the RIGHT (to the LEFT, to the MIDDLE)”, meets them and reports.

For example: “Comrade Major General. The 110th Motorized Rifle Regiment has been assembled for the general regimental evening verification. The regimental commander is Colonel Petrov.”

When constructing a military unit with the Battle Banner (at a parade, parade review, during the Military Oath, etc.), the report indicates the full name of the military unit with a list of honorary names and orders assigned to it. When greeting the ranks while on the move, the chief gives only a command.

46. ​​Military units and units also salute on command:

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier;

Mass graves of soldiers who died in battles for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland;

The Battle Banner of a military unit, and on a warship the Naval Flag during its raising and lowering;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units;

Each other when meeting.

47. The military greeting by the troops in formation on the spot to the President and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation is accompanied by the performance of the “Counter March” and the National Anthem by the orchestra.

When a military unit greets direct superiors from the commander of its unit and above, as well as persons appointed to lead the inspection (check), the orchestra performs only the “Counter March”.

48. When out of formation, both during classes and in free time from classes, military personnel of military units (units) greet their superiors with the command “Attention” or “Stand up. Attention.” At headquarters and in institutions, only direct superiors and persons appointed to supervise the inspection (check) are greeted by command. During classes outside the formation, as well as at meetings at which only officers are present, the command “Comrades” is given for a military greeting to commanders (superiors). officers." The command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” is given by the eldest of the present commanders (chiefs) or the serviceman who first saw the arriving commander (chief). At this command, all those present stand up, turn towards the arriving commander (chief) and take a combat stance, and officers, warrant officers and midshipmen, with their headgear on, also put their hand to it. The eldest of the commanders (chiefs) present approaches the newcomer and reports to him. The arriving commander (chief), having accepted the report, gives the command “At ease” or “Comrade officers”, and the person reporting repeats this command, after which all those present take the “at ease” position. Officers, warrant officers and midshipmen, while wearing headdress, lower their hand and subsequently act according to the instructions of the arriving commander (chief).

49. The command “Attention” or “Stand at attention” and a report to the commander (chief) are given upon his first visit to a military unit or unit on a given day. The command "Attention" is given to the ship's commander each time he arrives on the ship (disembarks from the ship). In the presence of a senior commander (chief), the command for a military salute to the junior is not given and the report is not made. When conducting classroom lessons, the command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” is given before each lesson and at its end. The command “Attention”, “Stand at attention” or “Comrade officers” before reporting to the commander (superior) is given if other military personnel are present; in their absence, the commander (superior) is only reported.

50. When performing the National Anthem, military personnel in formation take a formation stance without a command, and unit commanders from platoon and above, in addition, put their hand to their headgear. Military personnel who are out of formation, when performing the anthem, take a drill stance, and when wearing a headdress, they put their hand to it.

51. The command to perform a military salute is not given to military units and subunits:

When a military unit or unit is alerted, on the march, as well as during tactical training and exercises;

At control points, communication centers and in places of combat duty (combat service);

At the firing line and firing (launching) position during firing (launching);

At airfields during flights;

During construction, household work or work for educational purposes, as well as during classes and work in workshops, parks, hangars, laboratories;

During sports competitions and games;

When eating and after the “End Light” signal before the “Rise” signal;

In rooms for patients.

In the listed cases, the chief or senior only reports to the arriving chief.

For example: “Comrade Major. The 2nd motorized rifle company is performing the second shooting exercise. The company commander is Captain Ilyin.”

Units participating in the funeral procession do not perform a military salute.

52. At ceremonial meetings, conferences held in a military unit, as well as at performances, concerts and movies, the command for a military salute is not given and is not reported to the commander (chief). At general meetings of personnel, the command “Attention” or “Stand at attention” is given for a military greeting and reported to the commander (chief).

For example: “Comrade Lieutenant Colonel. The battalion personnel have arrived at the general meeting. The chief of staff of the battalion is Major Ivanov.”

53. When a superior or senior addresses individual military personnel, they, with the exception of sick ones, take a military stance and state their position, military rank and surname. When shaking hands, the elder shakes hands first. If the elder is not wearing gloves, the younger one takes off the glove from his right hand before shaking hands. Military personnel without a headdress accompany the handshake with a slight tilt of the head.

54. When greeted by a superior or senior (“Hello, comrades”), all military personnel, in or out of formation, respond: “We wish you good health”; if the boss or senior says goodbye (“Goodbye, comrades”), then the military personnel answer: “Goodbye.” At the end of the answer, the word “comrade” and military rank are added without indicating the type of military service or service.

For example, when answering: sergeants, foremen, warrant officers, midshipmen and officers “We wish you good health, comrade junior sergeant”, “Goodbye, comrade chief foreman”, “We wish you good health, comrade midshipman”, “Goodbye, comrade lieutenant”, etc. P.

55. If a commander (chief), in the course of his service, congratulates or thanks a serviceman, then the soldier answers the commander (chief): “I serve the Fatherland.” If the commander (chief) congratulates a military unit (unit), it responds with a drawn-out triple “Hurray”, and if the commander (chief) thanks, the military unit (unit) responds: “We serve the Fatherland.”

The procedure for presentation to commanders (superiors) and persons arriving for inspection (checking)

56. When a senior commander (chief) arrives at a military unit, only the unit commander is introduced. Other persons introduce themselves only when the senior commander (chief) directly addresses them, stating their military position, military rank and surname.

57. Military personnel introduce themselves to their immediate superiors:

When appointed to a military position;

Upon surrender of a military post;

When conferring a military rank;

When awarded an order or medal;

When leaving on a business trip, for treatment or on vacation and upon return.

When introducing themselves to their immediate superior, military personnel state their military position, military rank, last name and reason for the introduction.

For example: “Comrade Major. Commander of the 1st motorized rifle company, Captain Ivanov. I introduce myself on the occasion of my being awarded the military rank of captain.”

58. Officers and warrant officers newly appointed to the regiment are introduced to the regiment commander and then to his deputies, and upon receipt of appointment to the company to the battalion commander, company commander and their deputies. The regimental commander introduces newly arrived officers to the regiment's officers at the next officers' meeting or regimental formation.

59. When inspecting (checking) a military unit, its commander introduces himself to the arriving person appointed to lead the inspection (check), if he has a military rank equal to the commander of the unit, or is senior in rank to him; if the inspector (checker) is junior in rank to the commander of the military unit, then he introduces himself to the commander of the military unit. Before the start of the inspection (check), the commander of the military unit introduces the commanders of the inspected (checked) units to the inspecting (verifying) officer.

60. When an inspector (inspector) visits a unit, the commanders of these units meet him and report to him. If the inspector (checker) arrives at the unit together with the commander of the military unit, then the unit commander reports to the inspector (checker) if the latter is of equal military rank with the commander of the military unit or is senior in rank to him. If during an inspection (check) a senior commander (chief) arrives, then the commander of the military unit (unit) reports to him, and the inspecting (verifier) ​​introduces himself.

61. When visiting a military unit (ship) by the President of the Russian Federation, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and his deputies, commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces, members of the Government of the Russian Federation, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets, reports and accompanies these persons who have arrived at the location of the military unit ( on the ship), and upon arrival at the invitation to the military unit (on the ship) of participants of the Great Patriotic War, internationalist soldiers, veterans of the Armed Forces, honored workers of science, culture and art, representatives of public organizations of Russia, foreign countries and other honored visitors, the commander of the military unit (of the ship) meets them, introduces himself to them and accompanies them without reporting. In memory of the visit to the military unit (ship) by honorary visitors, the Book of Honorable Visitors (Appendix 4) is presented to them for the corresponding entry.

62. When military personnel arrive at a military unit (unit) to carry out individual official assignments of senior commanders (chiefs), the commander of the military unit (unit) introduces himself only as the senior in military rank. In other cases, arrivals introduce themselves to the commander of the military unit (unit) and report on the purpose of their arrival.

63. All instructions from inspectors (inspectors) or military personnel performing individual official assignments from senior commanders (chiefs) are transmitted through the commander of the military unit. The named persons are obliged to inform the commander of the military unit (unit) about the results of the inspection (check) or the fulfillment of the official assignment assigned to them. When conducting a survey of military personnel of a military unit (unit), inspectors (verifiers) are guided by the requirements of Appendix 8.

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