Construction, finishing of premises, repairs, installation of equipment - this is an incomplete list of works, the production of which cannot be done without drilling holes in the walls. Holes are needed for laying communications, power and telephone lines, heating and sewage pipes. And even if you just need to hang a mirror in the hallway, you will have to drill. After all, the nail in concrete wall you won't hit it.
Electric drill or hammer drill
Concrete itself is very durable material. In addition, it often contains pieces natural stone, which is added to cement mortar to give extra strength. Drilling such a wall with a regular drill is useless. There are two ways to solve this problem:
- use a drill with a pobedite tip;
- use a diamond-coated drill.
Both a drill and a hammer drill are designed to drill holes. But if the drill simply turns the drill bit or other attachment, then the hammer combines the functions of torsion and impact. A drill can be used to drill iron, wood, brick or foam block walls. There are drills that combine the functions of torsion and impact. Their power is enough to drill a concrete wall without a hammer drill with a Pobedit or diamond drill with a diameter of no more than 10-12 millimeters. The hammer drill has more power and is capable of punching larger holes in walls.
Which tool to choose depends on the task at hand. If you need to make a couple of holes in the wall in order to hang a cabinet, then a regular drill with a Pobedit drill will cope with this task.
If you have to work a lot and often, then only a hammer drill will help out. Especially if you need to drill in load-bearing structures with increased concrete strength.
From theory to practice
In order to drill a small hole in a concrete wall, even a hammerless electric drill with a Pobedit drill bit is sufficient. To do this, the drill will need a little help. The hole formed in the wall must be hammered out from time to time with a metal punch pin with a diameter no larger than the hole itself. After making a few blows, you can continue drilling. In this way, alternating drilling with punching, you can make a hole of the required depth. It's long, but quite doable.
For the same task, you can use diamond-coated drills. Then you won't have to hammer anything. You just need to drill into the concrete wall correctly, making sure that the electric drill and drill do not overheat.
A hammer drill with a Pobedit drill is the most universal solution where you need to do a large number of not many holes large diameter.
If, when drilling a slab, the drill hits the reinforcement, you need to change it to a regular one. A pobedite drill bit crushes the material rather than cuts it.
Large diameter crowns
Drilling problem large holes may occur when laying, for example, sewerage or ventilation systems. To make holes of significant diameter, special attachments called crowns are used. Their main difference from drills and augers is that they are hollow inside. This allows you to spend much less energy on drilling. The concrete drill bit is a hollow metal pipe. At one end there are several diamond-coated cutting protrusions. On the other side, a shank is welded for installation in a hammer drill or drill chuck. Crowns are available in various lengths and diameters.
Drilling with a diamond core can also be done manually. But not all such work can be done by hand. Drill a hole in concrete for a large diameter pipe, and even hand tools, impossible. Holes are drilled in thick load-bearing walls using a whole set of equipment, which includes:
- guide post;
- drive unit;
- electric motor with clamping chuck;
- crown required diameter.
The drilling process occurs as follows. A guide post is attached to the wall. A drive with an electric motor installed on it will move along it. A crown of the required diameter is clamped into the electric motor chuck. Cold water is continuously supplied to the drilling site, which cools the tool and prevents the formation of dust.
Holes drilled in this way have very clear boundaries and a smooth inner surface. It is also important that such installations allow drilling at a certain angle. This allows you to lay communications with minimal damage to the walls.
Diamond drilling rigs are not cheap, so you shouldn't buy one just to make a couple of small holes in the wall.
Precautionary measures
Of course, anyone can drill a couple of small holes in a concrete wall. Enough to have good drill with impact function or hammer drill, as well as pobedite or diamond drill bit the right size. If you have to pull large-diameter pipes, for example, take a ventilation pipe from gas boiler, then it is better to entrust this matter to professionals. This will allow you to work with at the lowest cost and damage, and will also save the psyche of not only the owner of the apartment, but also his neighbors.
When drilling concrete walls, do not forget about personal protective equipment. To avoid swallowing dust, you need to use a respirator. And special glasses will protect your eyes from small concrete chips getting into them.
In modern buildings, as a rule, the walls and ceilings are concrete. Sooner or later, the need may arise, for example, to hang a lamp shelf or, during renovation, to sheathe the walls with plasterboard, then the problem arises of how to drill through a concrete wall with a drill.
Difficulty in drilling can arise due to a number of reasons. First, the structure concrete panels is heterogeneous and their composition includes iron reinforcement, cement-sand mortars and crushed stone, which makes drilling difficult. Secondly, concrete has high strength and is very difficult to process.
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How are concrete walls drilled?
Before starting work, it is important to decide which drilling device is best to do the job. The choice, of course, is small, since there are two types of wall drilling:
- drill;
- hammer drill
A hammer drill will do this job better, since its function is precisely to punch holes in concrete or stone surfaces. Using this tool, you can make holes of a large cross-section, but even the highest quality impact drill is not capable of more than 12 cm.
But when you need to drill foam concrete walls, a drill will be optimal, since a hammer drill will simply crumble the surface.
When working with concrete walls, you absolutely cannot use a hammerless drill, because it will be pointless, and you can also damage the tool.
When you only have to make a few holes and you don’t have a hammer drill, you shouldn’t buy one because of this; you can get by with a drill. If you have to big job, then buying a rotary hammer is inevitable.
In the case when you still need to work with a drill, it is important not to forget that you need to use a Pobedit drill for concrete and with a tip coated with a carbide compound.
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Diamond drills and other devices
On store shelves you can sometimes find a model of ring drills with a diamond tip. Such products are intended for drilling huge holes with a cross-section of up to 25 cm. It is important to note that such devices are expensive, therefore for home use they are not worth purchasing.
If there is a need to make a hole for a socket or switch, you can use crowns designed for drilling concrete. The cutting part around the circumference has universal solderings made of carbide metals.
Such elements have a cross-section from 35 to 120 mm, but products with a cross-section of 68 mm are in great demand, since this is what sockets and switches have. If you are drilling with a crown, it is important not to forget to turn off the hammer drill’s impact function. This device drills holes with a maximum depth of 15 cm. If greater depth is required, it is recommended to use an extension nozzle.
Similar bits are also sold for electric drills. They differ from the previous ones in that instead of soldering they are equipped with a tungsten carbide alloy coating. The advantages of such a device are that if concrete walls are lined tiles, then there is no point in replacing the nozzle, since it works well on concrete surfaces. But we must not forget that such devices can be used for drills with a power above 1000 W.
Most often, drills are used to work with a hammer drill, the cross-section of which ranges from 4 to 80 mm. Many people are faced with the problem of choosing the correct drill diameter. But the smartest thing to do when purchasing a hammer drill is to also purchase a set of concrete drills. But a high-quality kit costs a lot of money, and therefore it is necessary to select the same cross-section as that of the dowel intended for this model.
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Everyone knows that a concrete wall and that's it similar designs have durable qualities and are difficult to drill, since most often when working you can stumble upon crushed stone included in concrete composition, from which wall and ceiling structures. Holes in concrete slabs during construction are carried out quite often:
- at finishing works Oh;
- when installing built-in furniture;
- when installing air conditioners;
- when installing electrical wiring;
- when installing plumbing fixtures.
During the minor household repairs You can get by with a simple electric drill that is not equipped with an impact function.
To do this, during the process of introducing a Pobedit drill into a concrete surface, you need to periodically crush the concrete with a metal punch, which must correspond to the cross-section of the hole. It is used when, while drilling, an electric drill starts to get stuck in concrete. Then they place the punch in the hole and hit it, using a hammer or sledgehammer, which helps to crush compacted areas and penetrate deeper. But the punch needs to be turned slightly, and then you can start working again without impact drill.
These manipulations should be continued until the holes reach the desired depth. This method is very time-consuming, but suitable for several holes.
Of course, you can also use universal drills with diamond tips. They will do an excellent job with metal, crushed stone, as well as concrete structures. But it is important to note that they are only suitable for an ordinary drill or a device with the vibration mode turned off. When using diamond drills, you should remember that they require cooling during operation.
But a good drilling effect can be achieved by using a hammer drill. Its advantages include combining the functions of rotational motion with reciprocating motion. When drilling with such a drill, the tip of the drill is able to break the concrete composition, and the drilling process will be the least labor-intensive.
Most residential multi-storey buildings built from concrete structures. When inhabiting a room or making repairs, you have to make holes to solve various problems. A problem arises: what and how to drill concrete?
There are several options:
- chisel the wall manually and then seal the remaining space with mortar;
- apply mechanical devices And cutting tool.
The first method is a thing of the past. Holes in the concrete structure are drilled using a special tool.
Drilling tool
You can drill through a concrete wall correctly:
- electric drill in drilling mode;
- drill in impact mode;
The energy source is a stationary power grid or a gas generator (if there is no connection to the power supply). Variety - devices with an autonomous power source, battery devices.
Drilling required
The need to work with concrete surface occurs:
- the need to attach furniture to the wall ( kitchen cabinets):
- hanging mirrors, paintings, art installations;
- installation floor plinth;
- fastening a metal profile or wooden slats under covering with plasterboard, plywood;
- installation of a socket box and other works.
Hammer drill
An impact device is a modification of a conventional drill that operates only in drilling mode. Added a reciprocating motion feature that creates an impact effect. The drill is transmitted torque and at the same time displacement along the c axis high frequency and low amplitude.
The edge of the cutting part, in contact with concrete, causes the formation of microcracks. The latter increase under the influence rotational movement drill. The destruction of the monolith occurs, the formation of concrete chips (dust), and the process of creating a hole is carried out.
Hammer
It is a hand-operated impact machine for producing holes, grooves, and recesses. The main difference from the principle of operation of a drill is that the tool does not drill, but drills (hollows, pierces) a cavity in a solid material. That is, the process resembles surface treatment with a mechanical chisel.
A hammer drill is a highly specialized tool designed to perform operations specifically on hard and durable surfaces. building materials based:
- cement (concrete);
- clay (brick);
- gypsum (plaster, castings);
- rocks (marble, limestone, etc.)
Compared to a drill, it is more powerful and energy-intensive. Allows you to create deep (up to one meter) holes. The diameter reaches 30~50 cm.
A type of electric tool
Holes in concrete can be drilled with a screwdriver battery. The power must be at least 750Vt, the power source voltage is 14~18 V. The professional series provides a hammer drilling function. But, due to the limited battery capacity, the volume of work performed is significantly less than with an electric impact drill or hammer drill.
Concrete cutting tool
The formation of holes in concrete structures is carried out using a specialized cutting tool:
- concrete drill;
- crown
Drill
A drill is a cutting device for making holes.
- cylindrical shank;
- working part with spiral grooves for chip removal;
- cutting part.
The specificity of the drill for concrete is the presence of carbide brazing. The strength properties of the latter allow it to withstand shock loads, destroying concrete.
The insert looks like a small rectangular plate placed across the cylindrical end of the tool.
The maximum diameter obtained with a Pobedit drill for concrete does not exceed 12 mm. Minimum – 4 mm. Drilling depth is limited to 30~100mm.
Borax (species)
The difference between a drill and a drill is the method of attachment. The tool has a shank made using the SDS (SDS+) fixation system, etc. The spiral grooves are smaller and spaced at smaller pitches. For production, special hardened tool steel is used.
The drill is equipped with a two- or four-sided cutting plate. The maximum diameter of the hole formed by the drill reaches 40 mm. Depth – up to 800~900 mm.
Types of concrete drills:
- pass-through – drilling holes of various diameters;
- flat – used to form a shallow hole;
- spiral - for deep passages;
- screw, – deep drilling, the presence of spiral grooves for removing sludge;
- breaking – used for operations with dimensional products.
A subtype of drill is a crown for concrete.
Crown
It is a tubular product:
- removable or monolithic shank with a fixation system in the hammer drill;
- pilot drill;
- a working cylinder that determines the diameter of the hole being made;
- carbide brazing on the end part, a type of diamond coating.
Using a concrete crown can be used to:
- a hole in the concrete for an outlet;
- under the pipe;
- bundle of cables, etc.
Stages of work
The technical process of drilling in concrete consists of several stages:
- Preparatory.
- Concrete processing.
Preparatory activities
In addition to marking the drilling points, it is necessary to identify hidden metal parts (fittings, embedded parts), water supply or heating pipes, and electrical wiring.
In practice, the question arises: why doesn’t a specialized drill drill into concrete?
Getting into metal can result in burnout of the cutting part and breakage of the drill. Design cutting edge designed and sharpened to destroy the fragile substance that is concrete. The metal is viscous, ductile and has mechanical strength. Therefore, during the impact of metal on metal, carbide brazing It will dull and heat up. The result is destruction of the cutting tool.
If it hits metal parts at the drilling point, the drill or drill must be replaced with a tool with the same diameter, but intended for processing steel.
ATTENTION! Embedded parts must not be drilled out! These are the power elements that fasten the panels to each other. Processing of reinforcement is allowed in internal partitions.
You can determine the location of electrical wiring, fittings or pipelines using:
- Metal detector. Locates metal parts or dead wiring to a depth of 5~15 cm.
- Combined device. Detects metal and electrical wiring, dead or live. Limited to search depth not exceeding 5~7 cm.
- Metal detector. Designed to determine the location of fittings, metal rods, including pipes.
ADVICE. A trace of plaster in the form of a strip on the surface of the wall will help you find the installed electrical cable.
NOTE. In practice, when conducting repair work, beginners are wondering how many days after pouring can concrete be drilled? Answer: The mixture acquires 80~95% of its strength after three weeks. But, you can drill into a concrete wall with a drill after ten days. At the same time, take into account that the load to installed elements It is advisable to apply on the 15~20th day.
Features of working with a drill
A drill is the most accessible tool at home. But it has a significant drawback - it is almost impossible to drill concrete. In practice, creating a hole Ø 6~8 mm with a depth of up to 40~50 mm can take two to three hours.
The process can be speeded up by using additional device, – punch. This metal rod made of durable steel with a hardened tip and a tough butt pad.
Application principle:
- Drilling is carried out using a concrete drill. If significant forces occur, “the drill rests”, the drill is turned off.
- Using a punch and a hammer, a series of impacts are applied to the bottom of the hole. Microcracks form in a local zone.
- Further destruction is completed by repeated drilling. If resistance occurs, the punch is used again. The process is repeated until the desired result is obtained.
ADVICE. In the absence of a punch, you can try to drill out the concrete, simulating an impact effect - give the drill short reciprocating movements. In this way, a hole with a diameter of up to 6 mm and a depth of up to 30~40 mm is obtained.
Using an impact drill makes it easier to create a hole in concrete. The combination of impact and rotational destruction to cut microlayers increases productivity.
ADVICE. Start work at low speed. This will allow you to fix the drill at the marking point and create a recess for further drilling.
But to increase productivity, increasing the depth, drilling diameter and number of holes interferes design feature impact-rotational device. Such actions are possible when using a hammer drill.
Working with a hammer drill
Household samples of the tool have two modes of operation - “drilling” and “drilling with impact”. A jackhammer function has been added to the professional series.
It allowed:
- create recesses;
- lay grooves;
- cut off protrusions, knock down tiles;
- dismantle brick and concrete partitions.
Working with a rotary hammer is similar to working with an impact drill, but there are some nuances. The tool is more powerful, the impact mode is activated almost immediately. This often causes the drill to move away from the marking point. Therefore, the process begins in drilling mode. Once the recess is formed, the hammer drill is switched to a shock-rotational movement.
ADVICE. Periodic lubrication of the shank helps extend the life of the drill.
Intense work causes the cutting tool to heat up. The tip may change color to blue. Further operation without cooling will lead to destruction of the drill. This fact applies to both conventional and impact drills. Stopping it periodically for 10~20 minutes helps cool the power tool and cutter.
ADVICE. Wetting with water will help speed up the cooling of the concrete drill. But the metal temperature should not exceed 200~250°C. This will be determined by a drop of water applied next to cutting part, – the moisture will foam and a hissing sound will be heard. A change in color to a blue tint is evidence of an increase in temperature to 300–350°C. In this case, oil or gradual cooling in air is used.
- The drill must be securely fixed - it must be inserted into the socket until it stops.
- It is advisable to drill 3~5 mm deeper than the length of the dowel or plug. In this case, a longer screw or self-tapping screw is used - there will be greater expansion and reliable fixation in the wall.
- The drilling depth is determined by the stop on the power tool or by a mark in the form of electrical tape on the drill.
- It is not recommended to immerse the drill until the end of the grooves - this contributes to excessive torque forces and faster failure.
- Use by soft material(wood) leads to breakage of the drill in the shank area.
- The concrete ceiling is drilled like a wall. A conical cup attached to the drill will help to avoid dust scattering.
Large diameter holes
Creation of recesses with a diameter of over 40 mm is carried out with a concrete crown. These dimensions are required for laying sewer pipes, installing boxes for sockets or switches. Which crown to use is determined by the tasks at hand.
Creating large diameters using crowns is almost no different from using a drill. The initial mode is drilling with a transition to impact-rotary drilling. Low speeds are used, especially when the annular part touches the concrete surface.
The ring tool is used to produce diameters up to 100 mm. Large sizes require specialized equipment - this is diamond drilling.
Diamond drilling
Applicable electrical installation or with hydraulic drive. The main cutting tool is a crown with diamond chips (core drill). Provided automatic feeding water (emulsion) into the cutting zone for cooling and removal of cuttings.
Advantages of diamond drilling:
- Creating holes with exact dimensions and preserving the edges from destruction.
- High performance.
- Low noise process.
- The crown cuts through concrete, brick, metal without changing the cutting part.
- The drilling diameter is limited by the parameters of the crown and the power of the equipment.
The main disadvantage is high price process. Therefore, this type of drilling is used on an industrial scale. Enough for everyday tasks traditional methods– work with a hammer drill or drill using a diamond drill.
How to drill a concrete wall, ceiling - this is a decision on the choice of tool and cutting device. For small volumes (one or two recesses), a regular drill is suitable. Installation of kitchen cabinets and installation of floor plinths will require a tool with an impact function. Large-scale repairs - it is advisable to use a hammer drill.
How to drill a concrete wall, with what drill – the choice is up to the performer. Determined by the type of work to be done, volume and technical capabilities.
Sometimes, when performing finishing work, it becomes necessary to make a hole in the wall, for example, to secure metal profile when installing drywall. If the wall is concrete, then this procedure can cause certain difficulties, since this material has high strength, has a heterogeneous structure and contains metal fittings. Next we will look at how this problem can be solved.
Necessary tool
Due to the nature of concrete, drilling it will require special tool :
- (impact drill) – provides rotational and translational movement of the drill.
- Concrete drills for impact drills, made of hard alloys. Their shank and screw part are made of tool steel, and the cutting working area is a plate of carbide metal sharpened at 60 degrees, which is sealed into the groove of the cutting part of the tool.
- (needed when drilling a regular drill).
It must be said that it is possible to cope with the task with a tool without a striking function. Below we will take a closer look at how to drill through a concrete wall with a drill.
Drilling procedure with a hammer drill
The procedure for drilling a wall using a hammer drill and a special drill is quite simple:
- The concrete drill should be switched to hammer drilling mode and the operation should begin. The drill should be positioned strictly at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the wall, unless drilling is specifically performed at a certain angle.
- After some time, the drill needs to be moistened in cold water and continue working.
- If the tool rests on something hard and stops going deeper, you will have to try to drill the wall in another place.
- Once the desired immersion depth has been reached, you should pull out the drill without turning off the drill. To clean the hole from dust, you need to deepen and pull out the drill several more times.
This completes the procedure.
Advice!
A hammer drill can be used for more than just drilling hard materials.
There are special attachments that turn this tool into a mixer.
Thanks to them, a drill-mixer for concrete does an excellent job of stirring the solution.
Drilling
Many home craftsmen doubt whether it is possible to drill concrete with a drill? Of course, this procedure will take much longer than when working with a hammer drill, however, it is quite possible to make a hole.
To perform this operation you will need a special punch. This tool is a rod with a pointed hard end. It is used to break up the surface in the drilling area.
Instructions for performing this work are as follows:
- First of all, you need to place a punch at the place where the future hole will be located and hit it several times with a hammer.
- Then, a drill is inserted into the resulting funnel and a hole is drilled. As when working with a hammer drill, you need to ensure that the tool does not overheat.
- If the drill stops going deep, you need to use the punch again - insert it into the hole and hit it hard with a hammer several times.
- Drilling is carried out in this way until the desired hole depth is reached.
Advice!
Often there is a need to cut concrete, in which case a grinder is used.
However, it should be borne in mind that reinforced concrete is cut with diamond wheels.
As a result, although a conventional drill is not suitable for concrete, in the absence of a hammer drill, it can also be used to drill a reinforced concrete wall.
In the photo - working with a punch
Advice!
A drill can be used not only to make holes, but also used for several other purposes.
For example, on our portal you can learn how to make a vibrator for concrete with your own hands from a drill.
This technology involves the use of special equipment, which is a set of the following elements:
- Electric motor;
- A stand that is fixed to the base;
- Core drills.
With this design, water is supplied directly to the drill to cool the tool. Therefore there is no need to interrupt the process. In addition, water washes away dust, so it does not have time to get into the surrounding space. Often, such an installation includes a water vacuum cleaner, which allows you to remove a mixture of water and dust from the surface.
Of course, it makes sense to use diamond drilling of holes in concrete only for industrial purposes, where it is necessary to make a large number of holes, especially large diameter ones. The equipment is unlikely to be useful for domestic purposes.
In addition, the price of the kit, like any other professional tool, quite high. Therefore, if you need, for example, to fix a shelf on the wall, it is more advisable to use a hammer drill. (See also article.)
Conclusion
With a reasonable approach, making a hole in concrete will not be difficult. The most important thing is to use the right equipment for this and follow a certain order actions. In addition, of course, it is necessary to follow safety precautions so that the work does not end in injury.
From the video in this article you can glean Additional information on this topic.
Drilling into stone or hard concrete with a hammer drill is quite easy. labor-intensive process. In especially difficult cases, when it is necessary to make a hole in a load-bearing wall or ceiling, it is still better to use a hammer drill (switching it to impact drill mode). You shouldn’t even try to use a drill when you need to drill holes for mounting on concrete floor profiles (during installation suspended ceiling). You will only waste time and become exhausted.
What types of concrete drills are there?
For work, concrete drills and drill bits (drills) are used. The concrete drill has a standard-shaped shank (like conventional drills for metal or wood) and is designed for an impact drill. Drill drills are designed for rotary hammers, which have shanks for an SDS chuck with a diameter of 10 mm or 18 mm.
The concrete drill is made from a special hard alloy; in addition, it has a soldered tip (made of a super-hard alloy based on titanium and tungsten). These drills can be used to drill concrete, brick, marble, stone, ceramics and other similar materials.
- It should be kept in mind that concrete drills should be used exclusively for working with concrete, ceramics, and stone. It is highly undesirable to drill into metal or wood with them. If when drilling load-bearing wall the drill will hit steel reinforcement, it is better to drill it with a drill for metal, and then continue to drill with a drill for concrete.
- When working with an impact drill, sometimes you may encounter hard stones in the concrete, which the drill does not always “take.” In this case, use a special chipper or an old concrete drill and sledgehammer to manually crush the stone. After this, drilling can continue.
- When working with hard concrete, be sure to ensure that the drill does not overheat, allowing it to cool every 10-15 minutes.
- Sometimes when drilling into a wall, pieces of plaster may fall off on the back side. To avoid this problem, just reduce the speed. Although the work will go a little slower, you won’t have to worry about the safety of the wall.
- For drilling ceramic tiles use a drill for concrete, but set the mode to a regular drill. At the same time, you should not press hard so that the tile does not crack.