A good old tradition can be called a holiday in the country. In order for your vacation to take place with maximum comfort, you should install a minimum amount of utility networks, to which we include autonomous system sewerage or water supply. Let's consider the features of choosing a pipe for water supply in the country.
Plastic pipes
Hot and cold water
Stainless steel and copper
Metal-plastic pipes
Summer and winter type of pipeline
The first important issue is the difference between summer and winter water supply. For summer water supply and drainage Wastewater will fit:
- Stationary and collapsible. Stationary presented non-demountable design, which is installed for the entire long period of operation. In turn, collapsible ones can be dismantled with the onset of cold weather. When creating a collapsible structure, it should be taken into account that it must have good protection from mechanical stress.
- For winter water supply, a stationary water supply system is installed.
The type of pipes used also depends on the type of water supply. For prefabricated type The design is suitable for pipes made of polymers, the ends of which have threads. Also often used flexible hose, which can be quickly twisted if necessary.
Plastic pipes
The main classification of pipes can be called the type of material used in manufacturing. IN Lately Quite often, plastic is used in the production of pipes for household pipelines. Dignity plastic pipes The following points can be mentioned:
- No deposits are formed. In the case of sewerage, high roughness of the inner surface causes blockages. Due to the peculiarities of the production method, the inner surface of plastic pipes has a low roughness index.
- No corrosion on the surface even with long term operation determines that there is no need to maintain the pipeline, as well as additional protection from high humidity.
- Despite the fact that in the production of this type of pipes products of the petroleum and chemical industries are used, during long-term operation no harmful elements are released into the environment.
- Bacteriological safety is at the highest level.
- If service life metal structure is no more than one dozen years due to the fact that without special protection, temperature changes and high humidity cause corrosion and destruction of the material structure. As practice shows, plastic options execution provided that they are buried taking into account soil freezing and providing protection from mechanical damage.
- The lightness of the pipes determines a significant simplification of transportation and installation.
One more an undeniable advantage can be called low cost
Hot and cold water
When designing a home's cold and hot water supply system, the following points should be taken into account:
- For drinking cold water It is recommended to purchase polypropylene pipes.
- For hot water polyethylene are suitable, since this material tolerates temperature increases better.
When creating a pipeline for hot water, you need to remember that significant heating of some types of plastic leads to increased plasticity.
HDPE pipes are widely used:
- Water supply throughout the area.
- Innings drinking water to the house.
- Water supply for various buildings, for example, baths and swimming pools.
A special feature of the material used is the ability to expand under high pressure. An example is the case of soil freezing: even if the water freezes in the system, the pipeline does not burst.
However, there is a significant drawback, which is susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the pipes from exposure to the sun.
Stainless steel and copper
A serious problem with metal can be the appearance of corrosion on the surface during prolonged use without waterproofing. That is why they began to produce versions made of copper and of stainless steel. They are reliable and durable and can be used when serving cold and warm water, as well as wastewater disposal. They are often chosen by people who do not want to save money on water supply or drainage work.
Despite enough a large number of advantages, the pipes in question are used extremely rarely today. This is due to the following points:
- There is a high probability of deposits and plaque appearing on the walls.
- When conducting installation work welding work is required.
- High cost, especially copper options.
- Heavy weight, which makes it difficult to carry out delivery and installation work.
- High requirements for insulation to eliminate the possibility of water crystallization when the soil freezes, which leads to a breakthrough of the system due to expansion of the liquid.
For summer cottage Such pipes are recommended to be used only with careful insulation of the main line. The cost of insulation, the complexity of the work carried out, the cost of the materials used determine that the system is made of stainless and copper pipes a very expensive investment.
Metal-plastic pipes
Metal-plastic pipes are also quite popular among summer residents. Their peculiarity lies in the following points:
- The structure is three-layer, each layer performs its own task.
- The inner and outer layers are made of polymer. This material can withstand high humidity and temperature changes; its low roughness does not lead to blockages.
- The layer between the plastic is made of aluminum. This metal has high ductility and is not susceptible to corrosion.
They have an aesthetic appearance and light weight. The plasticity of aluminum and the properties of plastic allow some versions of metal-plastic pipes to be bent, which reduces the number of connections due to the absence of the need for rotating elements. However, the multilayer structure and the use of aluminum significantly increase the cost of the product.
What you should know about PVC pipes
The term plastic pipes refers to many of their varieties. There are a large number of varieties of plastic, each with its own special performance. PVC pipes are quite popular. They are optimal solution at the time of creation of a water supply or sewerage outlet. As previously noted, an increase in temperature can cause an increase in the flexibility index. This is why manufacturers indicate:
- For cold water, PVC is chosen.
- For hot water, only CPVC can be laid.
In addition, CPVC is also used for cold water.
Determination of nominal pressure
If metal pipelines can withstand enough big indicator pressure, then with plastic everything is a little different. When purchasing plastic pipes, pay attention to the nominal pressure indicator, which is designated PN. It is recommended to purchase PN 10 and PN16 for cold water; PN20 and PN25 are suitable for hot water. For hot ones, versions with a higher nominal pressure are installed due to a decrease in strength due to heating of the material.
What pipe diameter to choose
Another important indicator is the internal diameter. As a rule, for the main pipeline they are chosen with a diameter of 25-32 mm. This should be quite enough to reduce the pressure in the system. In the case when it is necessary to determine the exact indicator, a hydraulic calculation is carried out taking into account the operating characteristics of plumbing and other appliances and the power of the water supply source.
To summarize, we note the following points:
- The choice of material type is made taking into account which will be easiest to achieve hermetic joints. Eg, steel pipes Only a 4th grade welder can connect efficiently.
- Polymer ones are suitable for summer cottages, as they have sufficient strength and do not collapse when water freezes.
- When choosing, the likelihood of corrosion on the surface is taken into account.
When purchasing pipes, you should pay attention to their integrity. Quite often there is a situation when, due to improper transportation or storage, cracks and other defects appear on the surface, curvature appears - all this can cause a decrease in the reliability of the pipeline being created.
vodoprovodnaya.ru
Pipe selection: 4 best options
There are quite a lot of materials from which you can make a water supply or sewer system with your own hands, but I wanted to highlight only four types:
- Metal- the most popular material from which water pipes and sewer pipes. It can be black, stainless and colored. These are compounds such as stainless and black steel, cast iron and copper. In addition, all steel pipes can be cold and hot rolled, welded and seamless - the price and quality of strength (how much pressure they can withstand) depend on this.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)- these are HDPE water pipes for the dacha and country house, which can be flexible or rigid. The flexible version is produced in a diameter of 32 mm and is used for ditch. That is, like eyeliner from centralized system or from a submersible pump to a station and indoor distribution. Rigid PVC pipes used for sewerage can have a diameter of 32 mm or more, although in private estates they do not use more than 110 mm - there is simply no point.
- Polypropylene (PPR), k as a rule, it is used only for cold and hot water supply - the difference lies in the reinforcement. Data on pipes, as well as instructions for use, will be given below - this is the most popular option.
- Metal-plastic - d Recently, these have also been quite popular pipes for water supply - they bend easily and are very easy to lay along walls and floors in grooves. At the moment, their popularity remains only for installing a heated floor system - they are cheaper than cross-linked polyethylene, and in technical parameters they are superior to this material. I will say from personal experience - do not believe the advertising - metal plastic is much more convenient and profitable to install on a warm floor than polyethylene due to its reinforcement, which PE does not have.
Water pipes
On the street
Let's start from the street. You need to connect a submersible pump in a well or well - I will not focus on this, since this is a separate article, and we are talking about a pipeline. IN in this case you need to lower the country water supply from HDPE plastic pipes into a trench.
There are certain parameters for this - see them in the table below. These are, of course, not all regions, but you can find out the parameters in your area from any architectural service.
| City and surrounding areas | Depth in cm |
| Khanty-Mansiysk | 240 |
| Novosibirsk, Omsk | 220 |
| Ukhta, Tobolsk, Petropavlovsk | 210 |
| Orsk, Kurgan | 200 |
| Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk, Ekaterinburg, Perm | 190 |
| Orenburg, Ufa, Syktyvkar | 180 |
| Kazan, Kirov, Izhevsk | 170 |
| Samara, Ulyanovsk | 160 |
| Saratov, Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Kostroma, Vologda | 150 |
| Tver, Moscow, Ryazan | 140 |
| St. Petersburg, Voronezh, Volgograd | 120 |
| Kursk, Smolensk, Pskov | 110 |
| Astrakhan, Belgorod | 100 |
| Rostov-on-Don | 90 |
| Stavropol | 80 |
| Kaliningrad | 70 |
| Khanty-Mansiysk | 240 |
| Novosibirsk, Omsk | 220 |
Table of soil freezing to 0⁰C in different regions of Russia
It is advisable that the pipeline be laid below the freezing point - then you will not have to do insulation. But, as you can see, in some regions the depth of zero temperature exceeds 2 m and digging such trenches is not entirely convenient.
Therefore, you can use insulation. Personally, I prefer mineral (basalt) wool, which I then cover with roofing felt for waterproofing - the wool is fixed with nylon thread, and the roofing felt with knitting or aluminum wire.
Laying depth and insulation are not all the components of success. You will need a pillow, which you can make from sand. Sprinkle sand 20-450 mm thick at the bottom of the trench.
Place a pipe on it, which you again cover with sand by 50-60 mm. In order not to compact such a pillow (this is very inconvenient), you can pour plenty of water on it - the sand will settle in a few minutes. After which it will be possible to throw back the excavated soil.
Now about the connections - photos with connection diagrams can be seen just above. The piece of HDPE from the well to the foundation must be intact, but when entering the house (through the foundation), as well as when passing through the well ring, compression fittings will be needed.
Making a connection with their help is very simple; the main thing is to pull the pipe to a certain mark. For a borehole or well, you will need a 90⁰ fitting, and for entry through a foundation, you may need any angle. However, this is not the point - the main thing is to assemble it correctly.
In the house
Just in case, I’m leaving a connection diagram for a submersible pump, although this is not entirely on topic (if you need details, see my other articles). I just want to emphasize that you enter with the 32nd PND pipe, and leave the station with the 20th PPR pipe for distribution to the authorities.
Here it is important to determine the installation location of the shut-off valves. It is advisable to install these taps near each bathroom so that you can turn off a separate point for repairs if necessary.
If you need to heat water pipes in your country house (this is necessary when thin walls), then it is best to use foamed polyethylene (nireline) or mineral (basalt) wool for this. If the problem is serious, then you can use a heating cable, which can be inserted inside the pipe or simply wrapped around it and then covered with another layer of thermal insulation.
In the top photo you see the stages of welding polypropylene, and image No. 4 shows a section. As you can see, there are no saggings that could reduce the passage opening. Look at the table below - it shows all the necessary welding parameters.
PPR welding mode table
PPR pipes are divided into RN-10, PN-20 and PN-25, where the number indicates the possible operating pressure. For example, a PN-20 pipe can withstand 2 MPa (20 kg/cm2) and is reinforced with aluminum foil and is most often perceived as universal. Therefore, I recommend using it for both cold and hot water.
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Polypropylene pipe
Deciding which water pipes are best to install in an apartment is quite difficult. Most owners choose products made from polypropylene. The pipeline is non-separable, and welded fittings create reliable and durable connections. They can be of different configurations: couplings, angles at 90 0 and 45 0, crosses, tees. 
Main tool
For welding, a special tool is used - a polyfuse (popularly - an iron or soldering iron). On a heating element 2 nozzles of the required diameters are installed. The end of the pipe and the fitting are inserted into them, after which they are heated for 6-10 seconds. Then the heated parts are removed and connected to each other. In a few seconds, welding occurs, ensuring reliable connection strength. It is no longer possible to separate the parts after this.
The special properties of polypropylene make it possible to use it for heating and water supply. One of its varieties - “Random copolymer” - is the most heat-resistant and is used where the water temperature is allowed up to 95 0 C, and its increase to 100 0 C in case of malfunctions does not reduce the durability of the pipeline.
Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene products
Pipes have their advantages and disadvantages. Advantages polypropylene pipes the following:
- resistance to active chemicals;
- simplicity and high speed of installation;
- high plasticity, preventing pipe destruction when water in the system freezes;
- durability when used in high-temperature networks;
- environmental friendliness.
The disadvantage of pipes is their rigidity. As a result, they require more swivel fittings for installation. In addition, the polymer has a large temperature deformation, which should be taken into account during installation. In the absence of temperature compensators, the pipeline may become deformed and even collapse.
Polypropylene pipes are divided into 3 types:
- PN 10 - design for cold water supply and heated floors.
- PN 20 - for hot water supply pipelines with temperatures up to 80 0 C (universal).
- PN 25 - for work at high temperature(up to 95 0 C).
The latter type of pipe is reinforced with aluminum foil or fiberglass. Metal perforation eliminates the need to use glue to join layers. Reinforcement increases the strength and stability of products. The pipe can be coated with metal on the outside or inside. Aluminum is used mostly to reduce thermal expansion.
Fiberglass is used without gluing layers. It fuses with a layer of polypropylene, providing a high-quality connection.
Metal-plastic pipe
The pipe structure consists of 2 layers of PE-X polyethylene and an aluminum layer located between them. The metal is connected to the plastic with a special glue. The quality of the product depends on its properties. All manufacturers have their own adhesive compositions, which they are constantly improving. Polymer creates flexibility and smoothness, while aluminum creates strength and reduces thermal expansion pipes when heated. Products from Germany, Belgium and Italy have the best technical characteristics.
The pipes are connected to each other using compression or press fittings. In the first case, you only need wrench, and in the second - a special tool.
The five-layer pipe design has a small thickness, due to which the product remains flexible. The aluminum layer is very thin and looks more like foil than a layer of metal.
Advantages and disadvantages of metal-plastic
The products have their pros and cons. The positive properties of pipes are as follows:
- flexibility, allowing you to often do without fittings;
- light weight;
- the temperature of the working environment reaches +95 0 C;
- low temperature deformation;
- resistance to corrosion and aggressive environments;
- slight noise when transporting liquids.
The disadvantages of pipes are the following:
- flammability of the material;
- elements have different temperature deformations, leading to delamination of the pipe along adhesive layers and at connections with brass fittings;
- the material does not withstand ultraviolet radiation well;
- narrow diameter limits - 16-33 mm;
- pipe rupture when water freezes in it;
- high cost of fittings.
Another disadvantage is the narrowed bore section of the fitting compared to the diameter of the pipe. This creates additional resistance to water movement.
HDPE pipe
Polyethylene (PE) pipe is used in 2 versions: for technical and drinking water. It is elastic and sold in coils. Due to this, installation requires fewer fittings, which are made of plastic.
PE pipe is used mainly for external water supply. It is resistant to low temperatures down to -50 0 C. Flexibility, strength and low price made it popular for water supply and irrigation systems summer cottages. Pipes are used for a long time, do not overgrow and are not subject to corrosion. Conventional PE pipes are not suitable for hot water, since their operating temperature does not exceed 45 0 C. Now cross-linked polyethylene is often used for water pipes. Which ones are better is completely clear here. But their price is much higher, although so is the quality.
Which water pipes are better - polypropylene or metal-plastic?
In the market, metal products are gradually being replaced by plastic. If you need to purchase water pipes, which ones are better are determined by price and quality. 
In this case, it is necessary to take into account the cost of not only pipes, but also other components. Polypropylene costs a little less than metal-plastic, but special savings are achieved on fittings. Don’t also forget that installing pipes requires a welding machine, which you have to spend money on to purchase. For a large water supply system, the costs will not be so high, since a soldering iron is easy to master on your own, and hiring specialists will cost much more.
Polypropylene pipes are produced in a wider range of diameters, increasing in diameter, starting from 63 mm. For large diameters, there is no question about which water pipes are better - plastic or metal-plastic. Obviously, polypropylene must be used here. 
Metal-plastic products have a significantly lower coefficient of thermal expansion than polymer ones due to the presence of a metal layer (5-6 times lower). Therefore, polypropylene pipes require thermal compensators in the form of loops. The presence of materials with different thermal expansion in one system reduces the service life of metal-plastic pipes under frequent temperature influences.
Metal-plastic water supply is easier to install and does not require an expensive welding machine. Communications made of polypropylene are non-separable, but the welding points do not differ in strength from the pipe material.
Water pipes in the country house
In a household plot, water pipes are constantly required for irrigation and personal needs. Which ones are better at the dacha? It is obvious that these are HDPE products that outperform other materials in the following indicators:
- Price-quality ratio.
- Durability, flexibility and ease of processing.
- Installing fittings manually does not require special tools, knowledge or skills.
- Availability of special adapters for installing shut-off valves and connecting consumers (shower, sink, sprinkler).
All components and tools are sold in specialized stores. To prevent the water supply from interfering with movement around the site, it can be buried in the ground. To prevent pipe damage garden tool a trench is laid for it from plastic trays covered with gratings on top. The pipeline can be installed annually, but is also left in place. Then on winter period The water is drained from it, and the system is purged, for example, using a vacuum cleaner.
Domestic water supply
Which water pipes are best used in a country house, country house or apartment indoors? The technical characteristics of polypropylene and metal-plastic pipes allow them to be successfully used for internal use. They can be easily hidden behind partitions or under the floor, which preserves the integrity of the interior. Reliable connections guarantee pipes against leaks. If deficiencies appear, this is mostly due to improper installation or technology violations.
Conclusion
Many owners find it difficult to choose water pipes. Which ones are better? existing species, is difficult to determine, since metal-plastic and polypropylene products have their pros and cons. All this is reflected in the product characteristics, which should always be studied in detail. Which water pipes are best to install depends on the quality, technical characteristics, preferences of the owners and their financial capabilities. 
HDPE pipes are more suitable for summer cottages and outdoor water supply. In terms of price and characteristics, they are significantly ahead of their competitors.
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Installation of water supply at the dacha
Installing a water supply system in a dacha based on your own well is the best way to supply water.
The first stage of work includes drilling a well, strengthening it and installing a pipeline.
Most owners prefer to use the services of companies to develop soil down to the aquifer - drilling turnkey wells. Experts must determine the depth of groundwater and calculate the approximate flow rate (available volume of water) of the source.
The feasibility of constructing a full-fledged water supply system at home depends on it. In some areas, there is only enough water from the ground to irrigate the plot, but usually the well’s flow rate allows a family of 2-3 people to live in a dacha.
Depending on the mode of water use, you can choose one of two types of water supply: seasonal (collapsible) and off-season (capital).
Seasonal water supply
The first type is a simplified version, which is used to irrigate the site. It is mounted on the basis of a system of plastic pipes and hoses connected to each other along the perimeter of the garden plot. In the fall, at the end of field work, the water is drained and the water supply system is dismantled before the onset of warm weather.
Capital water supply system
Installed for year-round use. Often - on the same principle as the usual water supply to a private home.
Pipes from the well are led to the house underground; they are laid in trenches below the freezing depth of the soil.
Equipment of a capital pipeline is a labor-intensive and resource-consuming process. To install it, several types of equipment are required:
- well pump;
- pipes;
- control and measuring equipment (pressure switch, pressure gauge);
- filters for water;
- hydraulic accumulator
Important! For the operation of the capital pipeline, electricity is needed to ensure the operation of the pumping equipment. Before starting design, it is necessary to take into account the power supply available on the site, which should be sufficient for uninterrupted operation of the pump.
Plumbing diagram
Let us give an example of a capital (stationary) pipeline running from a well to a house. The diagram includes the following elements:
- The intake pipe through which water is supplied from the well to the system.
- Filter rough cleaning, iron remover, softener - the type depends on the chemical composition of groundwater.
- Check valve to prevent water from flowing in the opposite direction.
- Pump - diaphragm or centrifugal, submersible or surface.
- Measuring equipment – pressure switch, pressure gauge, water meter.
- Drain valve.
- Hydraulic accumulator.
- Pipes with triple adapters for sequential connection of the pipeline to the house, to the site, to the bathhouse - depending on the flow rate of the well and the personal needs of the user.
- Valves for each water supply branch that shut off the water.
It is necessary to take care of high-quality fittings and couplings for connecting pipes, especially in areas where plastic pipes enter metal threaded adapters. The operation of the system depends on their quality.
Important! For electric cable a separate trench is made for the pump. The socket for connecting the pump must be grounded. It is forbidden to lay cables near pipes underground.
HDPE pipes - technical characteristics
HDPE pipes – products made from low-density polyethylene – are the main alternative to polypropylene (PP) pipes. They have similar physical, mechanical and operational properties. In terms of price, HDPE pipes are more profitable compared to polypropylene pipes: the cost of one linear meter starts from 20 rubles.
When choosing pipes for the construction of a capital water supply system in a country house, most often the choice is made of HDPE pipes. They show themselves with the best side for year-round use, not inferior in reliability and strength to polypropylene analogues.
Pros and cons of HDPE pipes
The advantages of HDPE pipes are almost the same as those of PP pipes:
- long service life - up to 40 years;
- invulnerability to corrosion;
- absence limescale on the internal walls even during long-term use;
- low thermal conductivity and lack of condensation effect;
- light weight - HDPE is 6 times lighter than metal pipes;
- minimal toxicity;
- easy installation by welding or coupling method.
The disadvantages of HDPE pipes should also be taken into account:
- limited operating temperature range;
- vulnerability to ultraviolet radiation.
Important! Majority shaped products made of low-density polyethylene have restrictions on the temperature of the working environment. They are not used for heating installations.
To install the pipeline using the underground trench method, two types of HDPE pressure pipes are used:
- HDPE PE 100 – diameter from 20 to 1200 mm, normative document- GOST 18599-2001. These are black pipes with a thin blue stripe along the entire length, which means they can be used for drinking water.
- HDPE PE PROSAFE – pipes made of polyethylene with a protective shell, corresponding to GOST 18599-2001, TU 2248-012-54432486-2013 and PAS 1075. The protective shell is made of mineral-filled polypropylene with a thickness of 2 mm. Thanks to additional insulation, this type of pipe can be laid using both trench and trenchless methods.
The diameter of the pipes must be selected in such a way as to ensure the required throughput and good water pressure in the system. Depending on the volume of water consumption, you can choose pipes from 20 to 100 mm or more.
Important! It is advisable to insulate pipes that run fairly close to the freezing depth of the soil using covers made of foamed polypropylene (sold in hardware stores). This will protect the entire system from freezing in winter and leaks due to burst HDPE pipes.
How to install a water pipeline yourself
The work algorithm depends on the water supply project. If you have the skills and technical capabilities installation of a capital pipeline takes place on a turnkey basis: from digging a well to connecting pipes to taps in the house.
Installation tools
To install the pipeline, provided the well is ready, the following is required:
- shovel for digging trenches;
- adjustable and gas wrench;
- apparatus for welding pipes (“iron”);
- pipe cutter or scissors;
- tape measure (centimeter).
For electrical installation work you will need instrumentation (testers, voltmeters), pliers, screwdrivers, wire cutters and other tools depending on the scope of work.
Work algorithm
If the well was dug by other specialists, then the work plan may be as follows:
- Digging trenches for pipelines and electrical cables according to a pre-developed diagram.
- Installing a filter in a well.
- Connecting a pump (external or submersible type - depending on the flow rate of the well) to a pressure switch, pressure gauge and hydraulic accumulator, connecting to a filter.
- Installation of plastic pipes using a soldering tool.
- Connecting the pipeline to the house.
Installation of HDPE pipes is the most critical stage of work. First, a water intake point is established from the well to the intake pipeline. On extended sections of the system, as well as in places where pipes turn, you must first connect them using a welding machine. Connecting the pump to the supply pipe, installation check valves, valves, plugs, drain valves are carried out during installation work from the well to the house.
Attention! Installing filters in the well is mandatory. Even if the water will be used exclusively for irrigation, it must be cleaned of mechanical impurities - sand, clay, rock particles. Without purification, such water will quickly lead to clogging of pumping equipment and render it inoperable.
Before closing the trenches, it is necessary to test run the system to ensure the tightness of all pipe joints and bends. If the system is working properly, the water pressure in the pipe is good, then the installation of a water supply system in the country can be considered complete.
infotruby.ru
Choice
First, let's try to understand what we actually have to choose from. So, what materials are used in the construction of a water pipeline?
Description
- Black steel is distinguished by its highest mechanical strength. The main disadvantage is susceptibility to corrosion and, as a result, limited service life. When laying on the ground, the first fistulas on the threads may appear within 3-5 years.
- Galvanized steel is not only durable, but also resistant to corrosion. She would be ideal material, if not for the high price and labor-intensive installation with the need for welding or manual threading.
However: country water supply is often assembled using ordinary garden hoses, stretched over the ends of the pipe and secured with clamps.
- Metal-plastic is an aluminum tube between two polymer layers. Decent strength, reasonable cost and easy installation make the material a good choice. The only thing you can find fault with is the rather expensive fittings.
- Polypropylene is even cheaper than metal-plastic, it is light and durable. Alas, low-temperature welding is used for installation, which requires a special soldering iron and, more importantly, electricity, which is not available everywhere. Yes, buying or renting a diesel generator for your dacha will solve the problem; but is it worth creating it?
- Finally, polyethylene pipes differ favorably from polypropylene in that they are assembled using compression fittings. Unlike fittings for metal-plastic, polyethylene ones are extremely cheap and do not require the use of any tools: with a diameter of up to DN32, installation of HDPE pipes for water supply in a country house is done by hand.
Price
We present the average prices for the listed types of pipes for the most common diameter - 20 mm (3/4 inch).
Wow! But country water supply from plastic pipes turns out to be very profitable, and polyethylene looks the most advantageous.
Let's explore another parameter - frost resistance.
Defrosting behavior
What will happen to each of the materials under study if water freezes inside the pipe?
- Seamed steel pipes, regardless of the presence or absence of anti-corrosion zinc coating, will burst at the seam and require replacement.
- Metal-polymer ones will remain intact in appearance: only the aluminum core will be torn. Damage to it will mean a sharp drop in the maximum operating pressure of the water supply system.
In addition: brass fittings are also likely to be crushed by ice and become unusable.
- Polypropylene will only be slightly deformed on straight sections. The deformation will partially remain after defrosting.
- Finally, polyethylene, which remains elastic at low temperatures, will simply stretch and return to its original size after the ice melts.
The conclusions, I think, are obvious. Our choice is polyethylene pipes with compression fittings.
Installation
How to properly install plastic water pipes for the type of dacha we have chosen?
In general, there are few subtleties here.
- WITH outside, cut to size pipe, the chamfer is first removed.
- It is better not to try to insert the pipe into the assembled fitting by loosening the thread, but to completely disassemble it. Then the clamping nut, collet, thrust and sealing rings are sequentially put on the pipe. Finally, the pipe is inserted into the fitting body, after which the rings and collet are tightened with a nut by hand.
We repeat: the tool is not used for pipes with a diameter of up to 32 mm. If you try to tighten the connection further, you are likely to strip the threads on the nut or body.
To connect plastic pipes with steel or brass threads (taps, valves, etc.), the instructions are also not complicated: in this case, adapter fittings with standard pipe thread. The metal part is pre-wound with FUM tape.
When planning the location of shut-off valves, do not forget to provide a valve for complete drainage of the water supply system. As a rule, water is supplied to summer cottages only in the warm season; In winter, despite the elasticity of polyethylene, it is better to dry the pipes.
Cold, cold
In some cases, however, it is necessary to use water supply at temperatures below zero (read also the article “Winter water supply in the country: we consider the main features”).
Examples? Please.
- In some regions of the country, short-term frosts in summer season- a normal phenomenon. For example, in the Khabarovsk Territory the first cold weather begins in late September - early October.
- In addition, dachas can be used all year round subject to autonomous water supply. Well or well with submersible pump will provide the house with water without any problems; The only problem is keeping it from freezing.
The solution to this problem is quite obvious: in the general case, the water supply is buried in the ground below its freezing level.
Sometimes, however, separate areas have to be laid on the surface. If, say, installed directly on the ground surface country houses from block containers allow water to be brought directly under them, then recessed strip foundation on permafrost this will not be possible.
For areas with year-round power supply, the simplest solution is to heat the water supply pipes in the country with a self-regulating heating cable with a power of 16 W/m.
Why self-regulating? For reasons of energy saving. The power consumed by this cable depends on its temperature: when heated electrical resistance the polymer matrix separating its veins increases, and upon cooling it decreases.
Useful: this feature also protects the cable from overheating and failure due to overlaps.
How to install a heating system?
There are two installation methods.
- The cable is attached to the pipe from the outside with polyethylene clamps or aluminum tape, after which the water supply is thermally insulated - with a foam shell, polyethylene foam, etc.
- In some cases, it may be more convenient to pass the cable inside the pipe, since the tightness of the end coupling allows this. To seal the cable entry point into the pipe, a special clamping sleeve with rubber seal.
Conclusion
As always, additional topical information can be found in the video in this article. Good luck!
Having your own well at your dacha is good, but sooner or later you will get tired of carrying several dozen buckets of water per day. Therefore, we suggest that you think about building a water supply system. If the cost of such a project stops you, then we hasten to reassure you: today you can build a cheap and reliable water supply system from plastic pipes, to which a mixer from http://santexmania.ru/smesiteli/brand-grohe/ can then be connected. Such a plastic water supply system at the dacha will help you solve the problem of delivering water to the house, to the garden beds using irrigation systems, etc.
Water main
When developing a water main project, keep in mind that it must consist of two parts: internal and external. The last line delivers water to the house; the internal one helps distribute water inside the home.
To arrange the internal pipeline, you will need to stock up on pipes, water intake fittings and fittings that will help connect the pipes into a full-fledged water supply system. For the outside, you will also need a pump, filters and a water source. More complex device plastic water pipe Doing it yourself at the dacha also involves installing a battery that will help control water intake, protect your pump from overloads, and you will also need automation that will regulate the water intake process, shut-off valves, etc.
Even at the time of developing the water supply project, it will be necessary to take into account that access to the system must be easy so that timely maintenance or repair of the water supply can be carried out.
Water source for plumbing
An important point is the source of water. Summer residents have several options to provide their plot with water.
The simplest of them is connecting to the central highway. It is important here that the pressure in such a water supply system is sufficient to provide your home with water. It will be simple to build such a water supply: you will need to dig trenches in the area for laying pipes, lay them and connect them. But, unfortunately, connecting to central highways not always possible for various reasons.
Another source of water for a do-it-yourself plastic water supply in the country is a mine well. To do this, you will need to dig the well itself. Remember that the main condition here is the depth of the water, it should not be more than 10 meters. This option is also considered one of the most optimal; you will be able to independently maintain the entire system when you need it, and you will regulate the water intake and supply yourself. Maintaining a mine well is easy. Among the disadvantages of such water supply is limited water intake. In addition, for such a water supply it is necessary to install a pump; a simple surface model will do.
The third option is to dig a well. This option is suitable for areas where groundwater deepened by more than 10 meters. The big disadvantage of this option is that digging a well is not a cheap pleasure; you cannot do it yourself; you will need to rent special equipment. On the other hand, a well will allow you to provide your home with sufficient quantities of clean water.
In addition to drilling a well, you will also have to spend money on a good submersible or borehole pump.
Types of water pipelines
One of the most simple options water supply is a summer plastic water supply in the country. Its main drawback is its use only in the warm season. But for the dacha this is not critical, because we usually come here only at this time.
Such a water supply system can be made either stationary or collapsible. For collapsible version they use hoses and a pump to organize the water supply to the house, and then lay plastic water supply throughout the house. Stationary option requires the installation of pipes underground. Plastic pipes are laid at a depth of about a meter. It is important to completely pump out the water from the pipes before the start of winter so that the water supply does not freeze.
The second option is a winter water supply; it is needed if you plan to visit your dacha during the winter season. Plastic pipes for winter water supply at the dacha can be taken of two types - polypropylene or polyethylene. Polypropylene ones are slightly more expensive, and in addition, a special soldering iron is required for their installation. The second option will be cheaper and will not require the use of special equipment. On the other hand, for such a water supply you will need to buy expensive components.
The installation and planning of winter water supply needs to be approached more thoroughly and seriously.
Installation of winter water supply
For the winter water supply, you will need to develop a detailed layout plan for its placement. Keep in mind that the pipes for such a water supply system are laid at a slope to the water source.
Winter water supply pipes are placed below the freezing level of the ground, and a trench is dug at least 20 centimeters deeper than this level. If it is not possible to dig such deep trenches, then you need to make additional insulation for the pipes so that the water in them does not freeze in winter. The insulation is usually cylindrical polyethylene.
Insulation will be required not only for the pipes, but also for the water source itself. Also if you bet surface pump, then you will need to additionally install a caisson. You will also need to think about the insulation of the sewerage system.
The construction of a water supply system in a dacha occurs in several stages:
- First, they draw a diagram, indicating on the plan the points of water intake, the location of fittings and other points. Perform according to the finished scheme detailed drawing, where all components and dimensions of the pipeline are noted.
- Prepare everything you need: purchase pipes, fittings, a pump and other equipment provided for in the drawing of your plumbing.
- Next, trenches are dug from the water source to the house for laying pipes.
- Deep well pump lowered into a well or well. The surface one is placed near the well, equipped with a caisson.
- Next, connect the pipe: on one side to the pump, on the other to the five-pin fitting.
- Next, you can install a pressure gauge, pressure switch, and battery. They are attached to the fitting.
- A pipe is attached to the last outlet of the fitting and installation of the external water supply line begins. An armored electrical cable is laid in the same trench, which will provide power to the pump and battery. Don't forget to ground the outlet.
- A shut-off valve is installed before the water supply enters the house.
- Before filling the trench, check the operation of the external part of the water supply, make sure that all connections are tight.
- Next they do internal wiring pipeline. Install a cleaning system; filters are used for these purposes. Lay out pipes around the house based on the needs of the residents. Country water supply is no different from apartment water supply, so you can use your home wiring as a basis.
- If you need hot water in your country house, you will need to install a boiler to heat the water.
To solve the issue of water supply at their summer cottage, many install a capital water supply system that can operate both in summer and winter. The possibility of supplying water to the countryside is a problem that every homeowner faces, and each person solves it in his own way. Someone is building a temporary structure that is only used for summer season, dismantling it with the onset of the first frosts. But real owners install a capital water supply system at their dacha made of plastic pipes, the operation of which does not depend on the time of year.
Criteria for the classification of country water supply
Water supply systems country houses can be classified according to two main types:
- centralized feeding system water resources, which is connected to the main line that supplies the entire dacha cooperative with water;
- decentralized system water supply, for which a deep well, well, natural source of water or spring is constructed.
Also, the division of country water pipes can occur depending on the season of use of the device. Today, water supply is being considered for summer and winter use. The main difference between such systems made of plastic pipes is the depth of burial in the ground.
The water pipeline in the country, which is planned to be used year-round, must run in the ground below the soil freezing point, which depends on the region of location personal plot. In no case should these parameters be neglected, as this can lead to a rupture of the water supply in severe frosts.
Features of a plastic pipeline in the country
Plastic pipes for a summer residence are considered the most suitable in price and quality for arranging a water supply system. Plastic products from the pipe rolling industry fully cope with the tasks assigned to them.
Thanks to its use in the manufacture of pipes quality materials finished goods have a number of positive characteristics, which put the finishing touches on the homeowner giving preference to a plastic water transportation system at their summer cottage:
- A high level of environmental friendliness, which was achieved thanks to the specific properties of plastic. Such products do not retain sediment contained in the water and therefore do not start harmful bacteria and microorganisms.
- A high degree of resistance to aggressive environments, which allows the installation of water pipelines both open and underground.
- Due to perfect smooth surface plastic pipes they have increased throughput even with a smaller cross-section, unlike metal analogues.
- High degree of elasticity and strength. The plastic product does not burst when water freezes.
- Plastic products are not afraid of exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
Thanks to these characteristics, water supply systems from plastic pipes can be equally effectively used both for water supply at home and for organizing irrigation in a personal plot.
Naturally, plastic pipes and certain disadvantages:
- when plastic is heated strongly, the material begins to lose its original properties of elasticity and strength;
- plastic belongs to the group of flammable materials;
- under constant exposure to the sun, the service life of the water supply system decreases;
- During the heating process, plastic pipes expand greatly.
But the disadvantages of plastic products are more than are offset by their advantages, and, most importantly, at a low price, so for a dacha the choice of such pipes is considered optimal.
Features of marking plastic pipes
In order to choose the right plastic pipes to ensure water supply at your dacha, you need to learn to understand the features of the labeling of these products. One of the most significant parameters is the level maximum pressure that a plastic pipe can withstand. These pipe parameters refer to water pressure whose temperature is 20° C, in which plastic products can work for the period declared by the manufacturer. This indicator is measured in kg/cm2 and is denoted by Latin symbols - PN.
It is important to consider that the higher the nominal pressure of a plastic pipeline, the thicker the wall the product has. Plastic products from the pipe rolling industry marked PN 25 are produced reinforced, that is, they have reinforced aluminum foil inside. In addition to constructing a country water supply system, such pipes can be used in heating systems and for hot water supply. Products with smaller parameters are used only for supplying cold water resources. To others important parameter plastic pipes for supplying water to a dacha is the outer cross-section of the pipeline, indicated either in millimeters or inches.
Installation of country water supply from plastic pipes
Having figured out which pipes are best to choose for a country water supply system, to ensure the normal functioning of the water supply system, you need to carry out the installation work correctly. For this purpose it is advisable take certain factors into account:
Plastic pipes for providing water supply at the dacha are presented in a wide range in most construction supermarkets. The homeowner can choose plastic pipes that are suitable both in price and quality for the construction of both cold and hot water supply systems. Can choose reinforced products or the simplest pipes for a summer pipeline at a summer cottage. It all depends on the purpose and under what conditions such products will be used.
Water supply station and filters
When choosing a station to provide water supply, you need to take into account the characteristics of the autonomous source of water resources, as well as the planned volumes of water consumption over 24 hours. Based on the basic parameters of the station, the selection of a suitable cross-section of pipes for the water supply system and the accompanying structural elements for its construction will be made.
When choosing a suitable location for a water supply station, it is important take into account the remoteness of the source of water resources: well, deep well or other natural body of water. If the water reservoir is located almost near the housing construction, then it is advisable to install the equipment inside the house. If the water well is located at a considerable distance from a residential building, then it will be necessary to equip extra bed to install the equipment, not forgetting to insulation work. If the insulation of the pumping station and related equipment neglected, there is no hope for an uninterrupted supply of water during the winter season.
To ensure that the water supplied to residential buildings is safe for the residents of the dacha and can be used for food consumption, it is necessary to install a filter deep cleaning. Thanks to such equipment, the water that comes from the well will undergo high-quality purification and all elements of the water supply will be protected from impurities contained in water resources. After installing pumping equipment, filters and other water supply elements, a test run is performed, and if all work has been carried out in compliance with technological process , then the water supply system is put into operation on an ongoing basis.
Features of the simplest water supply scheme at the dacha
To ensure year-round water supply at the dacha, you can use the simplest scheme distribution of plastic pipes. Naturally, this option cannot be called ideal, but thanks to it it is possible to solve a number of important problems with minimal financial investment.
The main secret of such a system is the presence of water pipes holes with minimum diameter in a special drain through which water will be dredged into the pit and further absorbed into the soil. Thanks to this, the liquid in the water supply will not freeze even in severe frosts.
As you can see, figuring out how to install a plastic water supply system in a dacha is not so difficult. The main thing is to accurately select suitable pipes depending on the conditions of their use and the volume of water resources consumed throughout the day. Naturally, if laying a water pipeline is a completely unfamiliar matter to a summer resident, then you can always turn to specialists for help, who will carry out all the activities in the shortest possible time, guaranteeing the quality of the work performed.
Avid summer residents and supporters of summer country life are well aware of the problems associated with the lack of water supply. But water is constantly needed by plants for watering, animals, and owners for hygienic and culinary purposes. How you want to just open the tap and get it in the required volume, even in dacha conditions. Do you agree?
We offer a thorough analysis of methods, valuable recommendations on choosing a source, laying above-ground and underground pipelines. The basis for the information presented is regulatory documentation and advice from experienced specialists. The information is supported by a selection of photos and videos.
Dacha system In practice, watering turns out to be a vague and uncertain concept. For some, this is a couple of galvanized buckets and several hours a day spent on difficult “walks” to the well and back, for others - a long flexible hose that constantly clings and bends, for others - a complex system pipes leading from a well or pond to all corners of the garden plot.
We will consider the most optimal options, excluding large ones when watering physical exercise and mixing financial expenses during their construction to a minimum.
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To replace the old ones metal barrels came comfortable plastic containers designed to collect rainwater from the roof. The built-in faucet and connected pump make the watering process more comfortable
Storage containers come in different types: metal and plastic, large and small, purchased and homemade. If the area is small and the reservoir is large, there is enough liquid for several waterings.
A pipeline operating in the summer can be connected to any of the listed sources, but with minor reservations. Let's assume to work with plastic container A collapsible design is suitable, but for connection to a well it is better to build a permanent system.
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Instructions for assembling a temporary water supply system
To install a seasonal “temporary structure” you will need a set of pipes and fittings of suitable diameter and a pump for forced water supply. To correctly calculate the quantity Supplies, draw up a drawing in the form of a sketch, on which you need to indicate the length of all highways and connection points.
A good old tradition can be called a holiday in the country. In order for your vacation to take place with maximum comfort, you should install a minimum number of utility networks, which include an autonomous sewerage or water supply system. Let's consider the features of choosing a pipe for water supply in the country.
- Stationary and collapsible. Stationary ones are represented by a non-removable design, which is installed for the entire long period of operation. In turn, collapsible ones can be dismantled with the onset of cold weather. When creating a collapsible structure, it should be taken into account that it must have good protection from mechanical stress.
- For winter water supply, a stationary water supply system is installed.
The type of pipes used also depends on the type of water supply. For prefabricated construction, polymer pipes with threads at the ends are suitable. A flexible hose is also often used, which can be quickly twisted if necessary.
Plastic pipes
The main classification of pipes can be called the type of material used in manufacturing. Recently, plastic has been used quite often in the production of pipes for household pipelines. The advantages of plastic pipes include the following points:
- No deposits are formed. In the case of sewerage, high roughness of the inner surface causes blockages. Due to the peculiarities of the production method, the inner surface of plastic pipes has a low roughness index.
- The absence of corrosion on the surface, even after a long service life, means that there is no need for pipeline maintenance, as well as additional protection from high humidity.
- Despite the fact that in the production of this type of pipes products of the petroleum and chemical industries are used, during long-term operation no harmful elements are released into the environment.
- Bacteriological safety is at the highest level.
- If the service life of a metal structure is no more than one dozen years due to the fact that without special protection, temperature changes and high humidity cause corrosion and destruction of the structure of the material. As practice shows, plastic options are provided that they are buried taking into account soil freezing and provide protection from mechanical damage.
- The lightness of the pipes determines a significant simplification of transportation and installation.
Another undeniable advantage is the low cost.
Hot and cold water
When designing a home's cold and hot water supply system, the following points should be taken into account:
- For drinking cold water, it is recommended to purchase polypropylene pipes.
- Polyethylene ones are suitable for hot water, as this material tolerates temperature increases better.
When creating a pipeline for hot water, you need to remember that significant heating of some types of plastic leads to increased plasticity.
HDPE pipes are widely used:
- Water supply throughout the area.
- Supply of drinking water to the house.
- Water supply for various buildings, for example, baths and swimming pools.
A special feature of the material used is the ability to expand under high pressure. An example is the case of soil freezing: even if the water freezes in the system, the pipeline does not burst.
However, there is a significant drawback, which is susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the pipes from exposure to the sun.
Stainless steel and copper
A serious problem with metal can be the appearance of corrosion on the surface during prolonged use without waterproofing. That is why they began to produce versions made of copper and stainless steel. They are reliable and durable, and can be used for supplying cold and warm water, as well as draining wastewater. They are often chosen by people who do not want to save money on water supply or drainage work.
Despite a fairly large number of advantages, the pipes in question are used extremely rarely today. This is due to the following points:
- There is a high probability of deposits and plaque appearing on the walls.
- When carrying out installation work, welding work is required.
- High cost, especially copper options.
- Heavy weight, which makes it difficult to carry out delivery and installation work.
- High requirements for insulation to eliminate the possibility of water crystallization when the soil freezes, which leads to a breakthrough of the system due to expansion of the liquid.
For a summer cottage, it is recommended to use such pipes only with careful insulation of the main line. The cost of insulation, the complexity of the work carried out, the cost of the materials used determine that a system of stainless and copper pipes is a very expensive investment.
Metal-plastic pipes
Metal-plastic pipes are also quite popular among summer residents. Their peculiarity lies in the following points:
- The structure is three-layer, each layer performs its own task.
- The inner and outer layers are made of polymer. This material can withstand high humidity and temperature changes; its low roughness does not lead to blockages.
- The layer between the plastic is made of aluminum. This metal has high ductility and is not susceptible to corrosion.
They have an aesthetic appearance and light weight. The plasticity of aluminum and the properties of plastic allow some versions of metal-plastic pipes to be bent, which reduces the number of connections due to the absence of the need for rotating elements. However, the multilayer structure and the use of aluminum significantly increase the cost of the product.
What you should know about PVC pipes
The term plastic pipes refers to many of their varieties. There are a large number of types of plastic, each with its own special performance qualities. PVC pipes are quite popular. They are the optimal solution at the time of creating a water supply or sewerage system. As previously noted, an increase in temperature can cause an increase in the flexibility index. This is why manufacturers indicate:
- For cold water, PVC is chosen.
- For hot water, only CPVC can be laid.
In addition, CPVC is also used for cold water.
Determination of nominal pressure
If metal pipelines can withstand a fairly high pressure, then with plastic ones everything is a little different. When purchasing plastic pipes, pay attention to the nominal pressure indicator, which is designated PN. It is recommended to purchase PN 10 and PN16 for cold water; PN20 and PN25 are suitable for hot water. For hot ones, versions with a higher nominal pressure are installed due to a decrease in strength due to heating of the material.
What pipe diameter to choose
Another important indicator is the internal diameter. As a rule, for the main pipeline they are chosen with a diameter of 25-32 mm. This should be quite enough to reduce the pressure in the system. In the case when it is necessary to determine the exact indicator, a hydraulic calculation is carried out taking into account the operating characteristics of plumbing and other appliances and the power of the water supply source.
To summarize, we note the following points:
- The choice of material type is made taking into account which will be easiest to achieve hermetic joints. For example, steel pipes can only be connected efficiently by a welder of the 4th category.
- Polymer ones are suitable for summer cottages, as they have sufficient strength and do not collapse when water freezes.
- When choosing, the likelihood of corrosion on the surface is taken into account.
When purchasing pipes, you should pay attention to their integrity. Quite often there is a situation when, due to improper transportation or storage, cracks and other defects appear on the surface, curvature appears - all this can cause a decrease in the reliability of the pipeline being created.