To perform any construction work it is necessary to be guided by the current regulatory documents. Further properties and reliability of the design are affected by correct installation plastic windows according to the current GOST. The instructions may differ slightly, but in general they prescribe the procedure, requirements for materials and components.
Regulations
When developing technology for installing structures, production and installation companies must be guided by current standards. But due to the specific properties metal-plastic windows GOSTs and SNiPs are only partially applicable to them wooden windows ny blocks. To solve this problem, new regulatory documents were adopted.
List of regulations and their brief essence:
- GOST 30674-99, article 9. Describes the guarantees that must be provided after installation. The storage period is 1 year, upon completion of work - 3 years.
- GOST 30971-2002. Applicable for correct formation installation seams and regulates the properties of the materials used and the rules for their installation. It acts only as a recommendation, since it was canceled on the basis of Order No. 64 in April 2006 of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia.
- GOST R 52749-2007. The final edition of the document thoroughly reveals the requirements for installation seams.
However, in practice, the latter document is only necessary when using special vapor barrier and self-expanding tapes. They are necessary only when there are significant temperature changes or increased requirements for thermal insulation of the installation seam. If, according to the terms of the contract, it is not specified during installation required condition application of PSUL - this GOST does not apply.
Regulations for the installation of metal-plastic structures
At the measurement stage, the window configuration and its dimensions are determined. The latter depend on the shape of the opening - with or without a quarter. The gap between the frame and the wall should be within 2-4 cm. Possibly taken into account irregular shape an opening whose angles are not equal to 90°. If the amount of misalignment affects the decrease (increase) of the gap, the opening must be leveled before installing the plastic window.
Work must be carried out at a temperature not lower than -15°C with normal humidity levels. It is forbidden to install plastic windows during rain or snow - moisture may remain in the opening.
Window installation procedure:
- Dismantling old design.
- Preparation of the opening and additional verification of its dimensions.
- Window installation.
- Arrangement of gaps and slopes.
- Adjustment of fittings.
During each stage, the following nuances must be taken into account.
Preparing the window opening
Regardless of whether the old structure was dismantled or not, the opening is prepared. It includes cleaning it from dirt and dust, checking the integrity of the reinforced concrete slab or brickwork. If necessary, restore the integrity of the opening if it was damaged during dismantling.
Window fixing
Before starting installation, you must remove the double glazed windows. The weight of the metal-plastic frame is relatively small, which will greatly facilitate its installation. First, anchor plates are attached to the end of the structure or holes are made on the frame for anchors. The latter are necessary for large windows. The fastening step is 15-20 cm.
- A self-expanding tape is attached to the outer part of the frame, on the edge. It will prevent direct contact of the structure with the quarter, which will increase thermal insulation.
- The frame is fixed in the opening. It is important that the dew point is located inside the glass unit or from the outside of the street. For a single-layer wall, the frame is attached in the middle, for a two-layer wall - closer to the external insulation.
- Checking the location of the structure. This is done using a level. Horizontal, vertical and diagonal indicators are controlled.
- Final fixation of the plastic window.
After this, you can begin the final stage of installation.
Requirements for installation seams
Most installation errors occur during the installation of seams. In addition to maintaining the dimensions, they must be correctly filled and protected. For this it is necessary to use special materials.
Optimal construction of the assembly seam:
- Self-expanding tape is attached to the outer part of the frame and prevents moisture penetration;
- The space between the frame and the opening is filled with polyurethane foam, taking into account its expansion - from 10% to 60%.
- Installing vapor barrier tape on the inside of the window.
The latter is necessary to provide vapor barrier. After this, double-glazed windows are installed and initial adjustment of the fittings is performed. After 3-4 days, the window will take its final dimensions in the opening and it will be possible to make final adjustments to the fittings group.
Plastic windows are also installed in multi-storey buildings, and in wooden houses. They are deservedly popular, since compared to wooden frames have many advantages. They:
- durable,
- durable,
- aesthetic,
- environmentally friendly,
- functional,
- are not blown out,
- do not take up much space in window opening, which allows you to increase the window sill.
However, some advantages, for example, durability and tightness, are achieved only if windows are installed in accordance with GOST. Not all installers follow these rules. This doesn't mean that window unit will fall out of the window opening. However, after the change of seasons, cracks may appear that will become bridges of cold. The window may skew in the opening, causing problems with closing and opening the sashes.
Requirements for the installation seam
The quality of the installation seam is of great importance during installation. It is this that ensures tightness and protection from moisture. The installation seam according to the current GOST 30971-2012 must:
- consist of at least three layers;
- be airtight;
- be denser on the inside than on the outside;
- be made from those materials whose service life is comparable to the estimated service life of the window - at least 20 years of conditional operation.
Insulating materials used when installing a window
The functions of the layers of the assembly seam are different. They are designed to provide steam, sound and heat insulation:
- The main one – provides sound and heat insulation.
- External - protects the seam from penetration of atmospheric moisture.
- Internal – protects against steam coming from the room.
- Additional (installed in concrete and brick buildings) – protects the joint material from absorbing moisture from the wall material.
Therefore, they are used in different areas different types vapor barrier tapes:
- PSUL - installed to seal external joints. It has a self-expanding ability, and therefore adheres tightly to surfaces.
- BC (BC+) – used for vapor barrier internal slopes installed dry means plasterboard or plastic.
- VM (VM+) – used when finishing internal slopes, which will subsequently be covered with plaster.
- GPL (GPL+) is a universal tape capable of performing the functions of vapor, sound and noise insulation. It is made on the basis of foamed polyethylene, laminated on one side with a polyurethane film.
On the outside, membrane-type waterproofing tapes are also used, which serve to remove precipitation.
Can be used to improve performance additional elements, protecting from atmospheric phenomena. For example, flashings and trims, as well as ebb installed at the bottom of the window.
The inside of the seam is plastered or slopes and a window sill are installed.
How to take measurements correctly
The height, width and depth of the window opening are measured carefully. If a building level is used, then measurements are carried out at least three times, checking all indicators, because the vertical and horizontal deviation should not be more than 4 mm per 1 m. In addition, a laser level can be used, additional method– measuring the diagonals of the opening.
If the deviation is greater than permissible, the window unit cannot be installed. First you need to correct the geometry of the window opening.
Preparing the window opening
Before carrying out work, prepare workplace. All furniture is removed from the window and curtains are removed. Using a hammer drill or saw, the old window block is removed.
During the dismantling of the old unit and the installation of a new one, fine dust is generated, which will settle on the floor next to the window and on the furniture in the room.
The plaster is removed from the window opening. If there are sinkholes or overlays larger than 10 mm, they must be sealed. Relatively small sinks are puttied with waterproof putty, larger voids are sealed with plaster, hard insulating materials or wood treated with antiseptics. Using mineral wool, provide its protection from moisture.
Only those surfaces that will directly affect the quality of window installation are treated with plaster: this is part of a quarter of a window opening about 25 mm wide, a section of the surface of the internal wall slope, i.e. directly those surfaces with which the vapor barrier tape will come into contact.
Step-by-step instructions for installing a window unit according to GOST with photos
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The place has been prepared for the installation of the box, now they are starting pre-installation work regarding the window unit. To secure the frame in the opening, it is technologically more correct to use special devices; they allow you to adjust the frame in height and width without losing the rigid fixation of the frame in the opening, unlike wooden mounting wedges. The frame is pre-installed, leveled using adjusting bolts, using a pencil protective film The future location of the vapor barrier tape is noted. |
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Then holes are prepared in the frame for securing the anchor plates by drilling. The drill is inserted from the outer end of the profile. This method is optimal, because in this case the hole does not break. It is important to first use drills of a small diameter, and then the required larger one. |
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PSUL insulating tape must be attached to the bottom of the box. This tape ensures tightness after installing the support profile - a technological element - on the box. The operation can be performed in the workshop during the assembly of the structure, but it does not hurt to know about this need. Having sealed the joint with PSUL tape, the profile is installed in its regular place. |
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The stand profile, in turn, is covered on top with BC or VM tape; the difference between them in this case is not particularly important. |
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After the tape is glued, fasteners are attached to the box. Anchor plates are considered more optimal, since their installation does not compromise the tightness. Distance between anchor plates for PVC window white and if the box width is no more than 62 mm, it should not exceed 700 mm; if the box width is over 62 mm, then the maximum permissible distance decreases to 600 mm. For windows made of colored profiles under the same conditions, these figures are 600 and 500 mm, respectively. The fastening elements are fixed with self-tapping screws of such length that they are secured in the bottom bar of the box. Anchor plates may have latches, which can be confusing. In fact, you cannot rely on latches alone; you need to firmly attach the anchor plates to the profile. |
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All dust, shavings, and remaining plaster are swept away from the opening. Now you need to create the first layer of the assembly seam around the entire perimeter. For this purpose with outside PSUL tape is glued. The master must focus on the markings previously applied to the film. But at the moment of gluing the PSUL tape, the film is simultaneously removed from the window block. If the length of the PSUL tape is not enough to cover the entire perimeter of the box, you can use another piece, but it cannot be glued overlapping, only end-to-end. |
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Now the window block is installed on permanent place and carefully leveled. |
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In the lateral and upper slopes holes are drilled to secure the anchor plates. According to GOST, they must be fixed with two dowel screws. |
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The support pads should be located under the vertical elements of the window and in areas with the greatest weight pressure. The pads can be wooden or polymer. Moreover, special requirements apply to their quality: hardness must be at least 80 units. according to Shore, with a length of 100-120 mm. |
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Between the frame and the wall, at a distance of approximately 200 mm from the corners, spacer side blocks are installed. These are optimal indicators that take into account the possibility thermal expansion and profile compression. |
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Next, a waterproofing membrane tape, for example Robiband NL, is installed. On the one hand it provides protection polyurethane foam from moisture from the street, on the other hand, it removes moisture from the foam to the outside. It is necessary to calculate the length of the piece so that it is enough not only to glue along the entire length of the bottom window profile, but also lead onto the side slopes from the outside. It may happen that the tape is not wide enough and does not cover installation seam. Then another piece of tape of the same length is cut and glued with an overlap of 2-3 cm in length onto the first tape, and the lower piece of tape should go under the upper one to ensure proper outflow of water. |
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Subsequently, the box is fastened to the bottom of the opening using two dowel screws for each plate. |
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Then vapor barrier tapes BC or VM are glued to the side vertical and top horizontal profiles of the frame. Tape BC is intended for vapor barrier of dry-type slopes, VM - for plaster slopes, it is additionally duplicated non-woven material, which ensures adhesion of the tape and plaster. They have a self-adhesive layer. It is important to control the density of the tapes. |
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The next stage is to prime the slopes with a primer, and only then glue the tape to them. Primer treatment is especially recommended when surfaces crumble and crumble easily. This applies to foam concrete and gas silicates. The primer GSR and its analogues are used. |
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The ebb is tried on in place and cut to the required size. |
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Plugs are installed at the ends or they are bent. |
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PSUL tape is glued along the bottom plane. Here it is used as a soundproofing pad. Then holes for fastening are drilled in the ebb. The fasteners must be located at a distance necessary for fixed fixation. |
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The ebb is attached to the stand profile. Its angle of inclination should not be less than 100 degrees relative to the vertical plane. |
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Next, the installation gaps are foamed with polyurethane foam. It is important to moisten the surfaces with water before doing this. Under such conditions, the foam expands optimally, fills the space and hardens. |
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It is recommended to fill with foam insulation in layers, with breaks and moistening of the layers. It is applied over the support and spacer pads. After filling the seams, the surface of the foam is moistened again, but those areas where the tape will be glued are left dry. The tape is glued to the slopes without sagging. The pieces of tape that meet at the corners should ensure complete tightness. According to technology, the overlap in these places is at least 100 mm. |
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Then they proceed to installing a window sill, the size of which is determined by location. To adjust the position of the window sill, support blocks are used. They must be adjusted so that the window sill rests on them, but is in a horizontal position. Their number is selected taking into account the fact that the window sill must withstand a vertical load of at least 100 kg. |
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Holes are drilled through the groove on the bottom profile of the box. They are needed to secure the window sill using self-tapping screws. First, countersinking is carried out with a drill of a larger diameter, then holes are made through with a drill of a smaller diameter. The shavings are swept away. Curved anchor plates or corners are fixed to the bottom of the window sill. With their help, the window sill is attached to the wall. This operation is necessary if the window sill is wide enough and there is a projection of more than 1/3 of the width. |
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Before installing the window sill, it is necessary to prepare a cushion of foam insulation. The surface is moistened. The insulation is applied separate sections, and not a continuous canvas. |
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After installing the window sill, the gap between it and the window block is filled with sealant. The width of the sealant layer should not be less than 3 mm. After this, the window sill is attached with screws. Excess is removed with a soft spatula. While the foam insulation has not hardened, double-glazed windows are installed to provide additional structural rigidity. |
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The side connections of the ebb are sealed using mastic sealants. Excess is removed using a spatula. |
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Then the sashes and fittings are installed. During the final stages of window installation, it is recommended to periodically crimp vapor barrier tape rubber roller to control the expansion of the insulation. |
This is how windows are installed according to GOST. It takes a professional 2-2.5 hours to install a standard double-leaf block. A non-professional will spend much more time on installation, and it is necessary to carefully follow the instructions at each stage, which is not always possible due to a lack of skills.
When purchasing a window, we plan that it will be able to serve well for many decades. However, this is only possible if the window is installed correctly. Almost all specialists have their own methods and secrets, but there are also special fixed standards - GOST and SNiP. It is the installation of PVC windows in accordance with GOST that can give the highest quality results.
Regulations
Installation of PVC windows in accordance with GOST will guarantee its long and trouble-free service. Today, all types of work related to this area are regulated by four main standards:
- GOST 30674-99. It contains general information on the issue and basic requirements for windows. There is practically no mention of the installation process itself in this GOST.
- GOST R52749-2007. This standard focuses on the process of installing windows using vapor-permeable, self-expanding sealing tape.
- GOST 30971-2012. This document contains the most detailed information on the issue. It also contains exact requirements for window sizes, device parameters and joint filling materials, methods of fastening structures and similar information. It also describes the requirements for regulatory documentation, some warranty obligations of the work contractor and General requirements to perform the work. This standard was introduced at the beginning of 2014 and replaced the outdated GOST 30971-2002 for window installation.
- SNiP 02/23/2003. The standard sets the parameters for thermal protection of premises. Suffice it to mention that it requires the installation of a 3-chamber double-glazed window for most climatic zones of Russia and a 5-chamber double-glazed window for Siberia.
All of the above regulatory documents are valid, but not mandatory. The only exception was various requirements related to safety in one way or another.. Compliance with GOSTs only helps to achieve highest quality window installations.
Preparing for installation
The installation of plastic windows according to GOST is not much different in general outline from conventional installation PVC windows. The main differences lie in the nuances and compliance with a number of requirements. The technology for installing plastic windows is as follows:
Measurements
Before starting work, a number of measurements should be taken. The dimensions of the window are set as follows: the width of the window is the width of the window opening, from which the double width of the installation gap (which will be on both sides) is subtracted, the height is the same. According to GOST, the minimum width of such a gap is 2 cm, and in calculations the figure most often used is 2.5-3 cm.
When installing a quarter window, measurements are taken from the outside If we are talking about installing a window in an opening with an external quarter, then all measurements should be made from the outside. The width will be the distance between the quarters, increased by the size of the frame plant per quarter, which ranges from 2.5 to 4 cm. The height is determined in the same way.
Preparatory work
After the windows have been manufactured and delivered to the customer, work should not begin immediately. It is recommended to first prepare the room: clear the space near the window for comfortable work, remove unnecessary things and furniture, cover the walls and remaining objects with film or thick fabric. The doors are removed from the frame, and the cavity of the stand profile is filled with heat-insulating foam. It is recommended to do the latter one day before installation.
Particular attention should be paid to the opening itself - it must be cleaned of dirt and dust in advance. If there are noticeable irregularities, they are leveled with putty.
Fastening
GOST stipulates two main types of window fastening. The first is done in the mounting plane - self-tapping screws are attached directly through the frame. This option is used most often, but requires that the door leaves and double-glazed windows be removed from the frame in advance. The advantage of this method is the ease of installation in the opening.
Most often, self-tapping screws are used for fastening The second option is based on the use of reinforcement mounted in the frame during production. The entire structure can be mounted. It should be noted that its weight will be quite large, so the process will require certain efforts and skills.
Installation work
Installation of plastic windows according to GOST provides one important point: The frame is not installed on a bare brick or similar base. Instead, small wooden blocks, soaked in solutions. They will help in aligning the window.
After this, either a separate frame or the entire structure is placed on them, which depends on the preferred type of fastening. For greater stability and reliability, the supports are left as part of the structure, and wedges are knocked out between the window and the wall on top for fixation. After this, the frame is attached from the sides in the same way. By controlling the process with a level, the frame is leveled, and adjustments are made by adding substrates.
The frame can be fastened, according to GOST, through pre-drilled fasteners. You should start from the bottom, gradually moving higher. To top it off, the structure is additionally checked for horizontalness and all screws and anchors are tightened.
Drain installation and window assembly
Most often, a special groove is provided on the outside of the window into which the drainage system is mounted. GOST states that during installation it must be foamed. If you need to create more robust construction, the drainage system is additionally secured with screws.
The drainage system is mounted in a special groove on the outside Upon completion, another control check of the entire structure is required: for strength, verticality and horizontality. After this, all that remains is to assemble the window. The assembly process takes place in the reverse order of disassembly: during the process, stops, handles and other accessories are returned to their places.
Filling gaps
GOSTs pay special attention to filling gaps. This procedure is almost always performed using polyurethane foam-based polyurethane foam. This material tested over years of work, but still has a number of shortcomings. First of all, its resistance to impact environment and ultraviolet radiation leaves much to be desired. That is why GOST standards require maximum insulation of all seams on all sides - this will avoid destruction of the insulation, which can result in loss of tightness, fogging of windows and the penetration of cold from the street into the house.
The insulation procedure is as follows: glue on the inside around the entire perimeter waterproofing tape for PVC windows. The tape must also have vapor-tight properties. A strip of foil is glued at the bottom, which will subsequently end up under the window sill board. They pass along the outside in a similar way. PSUL adhesive strip (moisture-resistant and vapor-tight). This membrane film can allow steam to pass out.
Installation of windows in accordance with GOST requires mandatory waterproofing of gaps Both mentioned materials are characterized not only by the fact that they are not difficult to find on the construction market. They also differ in accessibility, that is, the final price of the work will not increase that much, but the quality will increase significantly. In addition, the structure mounted in this way will last several years longer.
To fill the gap when installing PVC windows according to GOST, the strips are slightly bent and the surface is wetted from the inside. Apply the composition using a pistol. The filler is foam intended for use all year round. According to GOST, you can also use regular foam, but only at temperatures up to 30 degrees below zero. Considering the conditions in most regions, such seam insulation in Russia turns out to be of little use.
Window sill installation
On last stage work is installing a window sill. This process is considered quite simple - you just need to adjust the size and, if necessary, trim the finished window sill so that it fits perfectly under the frame. According to GOST 30971, it is allowed for the window sill to extend onto the walls at a distance of 5 to 10 cm. Pegs are used to create a level, after which the cavity under the board is sealed with polyurethane foam or mortar. Experts recommend making a slope of 1-2 degrees towards the room during installation.
When installing a window sill, it is necessary to adjust it to the correct size To decorate the window sill, plastic panels are used, which are attached to the initial profile using a clip. The casing, which wraps around the corner, is secured with self-tapping screws and covered with decorative film on top. All that remains is to put on the end caps and seal the seams with sealant.
Many construction companies they interpret GOST and SNiP standards as they want and can simply ignore them, and there is no need to say again what the consequences of incorrect installation are. There are two ways out: either carefully monitor the installation process and immediately notice violations, or install windows according to GOST on your own.
With the emergence innovative technologies ordinary residents were given the opportunity to furnish their homes with greater comfort, coziness and warmth. Plastic windows play a significant role in this process. Finally, we can get rid of wooden windows, which dry out in the summer, dry out in the winter, do not retain heat well and become sources of drafts.
A modern type of double-glazed window has absolutely no listed disadvantages. It is durable, strong, safe for the human body, and has a beautiful and attractive appearance. PVC windows long time will delight you with their functionality, but only with one condition: the installation of double-glazed windows must be carried out in accordance with GOST and compliance with all the nuances and rules of installation technology. How to install plastic windows correctly if you have never done this before?
Trying to install double-glazed windows yourself is quite problematic, especially if you live in multi-storey building. This will require a mountaineer's skill, which you won't have. Therefore, the easiest way out is to hire specialists. But even if workers come to you who deserve numerous good reviews, who have recommendations, you should check that they are installing your window correctly. And for this you need to know the main points of installing plastic windows, which you must control on your part.
Window installation
The technology for installing a plastic window according to GOST involves step by step execution a number of measures and activities according to specified criteria, and in strict sequence each stage.
Installation of PVC windows according to GOST begins with dismantling an old window: workers must remove it completely, clean the opening down to brick or concrete base frames Next, workers must prime the surface of the slopes, into which the new frame will fit.
Please note that when working, installers use a primer, but not water. The primer will ensure good adhesion of materials, which will then be used to isolate the resulting voids.
How is the special tape attached to the PVC frame? The compacted compressed tape is attached around the entire perimeter frames from the outside. Its main purpose is to remove residual moisture that remains in the window opening. This device prevents the penetration of moisture in the opposite direction.
Then to window frame attach diffusion tape. As a rule, it is white in color, with a dense fabric structure on a rubber base. It adheres well to wall openings and also protects the seam from moisture.
After attaching all the tapes, the installers attach anchor plates to the frame. They are placed around the entire perimeter with a distance of 70 cm from each other. After this, the window block can be installed in the window opening.
Now the installation of a plastic window according to GOST moves to another stage, including fastening to window opening.
Important! The glass unit should not be placed on concrete, but on wooden blocks, which are treated with an antiseptic composition. These pads help adjust the gaps between the frame and the concrete slope. According to existing standards the gap should not exceed 2 cm.
When the anchor plates are attached to the wall opening, the resulting gap must be fill with foam.
Foam is additional thermal insulation. It should fill all gaps and cracks to prevent excess moisture from entering. In addition, it is the polyurethane foam that helps reduce noise. After sealing the cracks from the inside with foam, the seams must be cover with dense diffuse tape.
Before installing the window sill, workers must use metallized tape, which takes part in the thermal insulation of the bottom seam.
Remember! Professional installers must lay protective tape along the outside area of the window, that is, from the street. And the polyurethane foam should not be visible from the façade at all.
Window sill fastening
- This final stage of installation of PVC windows.
Placed on a concrete base cement screed, which will help ensure the stability of the window sill. Only with this solution it will not sag and even can support a person's weight who wanted to sit down on a comfortable base.
Internal slopes are applied to the initial profile, and each subsequent step is carried out using measurements building level which helps monitor the frame tilt level. If it exceeds the norm even slightly, the window will not open or close well. Therefore for construction team need to be watched carefully.
Installation of plastic windows in accordance with GOST 30971-2002 must be carried out in this sequence. And finally, we note that before releasing the workers and signing the work acceptance certificate, check the operation of the window, open and close the doors and make sure proper operation in all directions.
In conclusion, we suggest watching a video of what the installation of a plastic window should look like according to GOST:
If you have ever installed plastic windows, and the workers who served you performed the installation strictly according to the instructions and in accordance with GOST 30971-2002, leave your feedback in the comments.
Currently everything more people gives his choice in favor of metal-plastic windows. Such double-glazed windows are also equipped ordinary apartments, And country houses, and luxurious country mansions. And quite often people install new windows with their own hands. Depending on the chosen installation method and the skills of the installer, the process of installing one window will take from one and a half hours to half a day. The technology for installing windows is extremely simple and straightforward. It does not require the use of any complex tools. The main thing is to adhere to the installation procedure and comply with all the requirements dictated by the installation technology.
Necessary measurements before ordering plastic windows
Correct installation of new windows requires accurate measurements of the window opening. In addition, it is important to know the features of installing windows in openings with a quarter. Such window openings are usually found in foam concrete buildings. They help to significantly reduce heat loss. The main difference is that a window 50 mm shorter than the length of the opening is installed in an opening without a quarter. Subtract 30 mm from the measured width. Leave 15 mm gaps along the contour of the opening for foaming. In accordance with current GOSTs, 20 mm should be left around the perimeter. Leave an additional 35 mm below the window sill.
If the installation of PVC windows will be carried out in a window opening with a quarter, measure at the narrowest place. When ordering, add 30 mm to the window width. There is no need to change the length.
As a rule, the window is not installed in the center of the opening, but at a distance of approximately 1/3 deep from the outer plane. If the installation of PVC windows is done with your own hands, then the owner can move the structure in any direction convenient for him. Think about the offset in advance and take this parameter into account when ordering the ebb and window sill.
Add 50 mm to the width of the ebb and sill determined in accordance with the location of the window. When calculating the width of the window sill, additionally take into account such an indicator as the location of the battery.
The window sill should cover the radiator halfway. Add 20 mm to place the product under the base of the PVC window. The length margin must be at least 80 mm. But it’s better not to save too much and add 150 mm so that in the future you can cut out the window sill beautifully without any problems. Along with the ebb and window sill, you will be offered to order side plastic plugs. There is no need to give them up.
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Which frame mounting method should I choose?
The installation of PVC windows does not depend on the chamber size of the glass unit or on the number of internal chambers in the profile. The order of installation of the product can only change taking into account the material of the walls and the size of the window. Suitable mount and method PVC installation windows are selected in accordance with the listed parameters. To secure the window structure you can use:
- Dowels or anchors that cut into walls through existing or pre-prepared through holes in the profile.
- Serrated plates. They press into profile. They are fastened to the wall and secured with screws.
Practice shows that the most reliable option is the first one. It is most often used when installing heavy and large windows. In the case of through-mounting, the window will normally withstand multiple shock loads, inevitably occurring when turning and reclining window sashes. In addition, with the help of anchors, the installer has the opportunity to accurately adjust the horizontal and vertical alignment of the product being installed.
Those who install windows with double-glazed windows, i.e. without turning and folding sashes, you will be more interested in installation using anchor plates. These products are hidden under slopes, so appearance they won't spoil it. If the walls of the house are made of brick or concrete, then it is recommended to pre-prepare small recesses for the plates. They will eliminate the need to apply a leveling layer before installing slopes.
Sometimes both methods are used in combination. Anchors are sunk into the walls through the lower profile and side parts of the frame, and plates are used to secure the structure. If windows are installed in a wooden structure, it is better to avoid using plates, because They become loose after a short time. IN in this case Galvanized self-tapping screws are more preferable.
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What does the owner of a wooden house need to know?
The process of installing a PVC window is very dependent on the material used to make the walls. In the case of structures made of brick and foam concrete, the differences come down only to the depth of the anchors. With openings made of timber and logs, everything is a little more complicated.
If the walls of the house are made of wood, you need to remember the row important rules. Firstly, start installing PVC windows in wooden house It is recommended no earlier than a year, or even better, 2 years after the completion of the house. This requirement is dictated by the fact that during this time the material shrinks. Glued laminated timber is characterized by the smallest shrinkage value and period. Secondly, windows are not installed directly into the opening. The product can only be mounted in a wooden box. It will protect the PVC window from deformation. The block should not have any defects, signs of damage by insects and rot, etc. Before starting any work, the wood is mandatory must be treated with an antiseptic.
After 1-2 years, the shrinkage does not stop completely, but is no longer as strong. After installation of PVC windows and completion finishing works it will also happen. That is why at the top between the box and the opening you need to leave a gap of 30-70 mm. The size of this gap is selected taking into account the type and humidity building materials. After installation is completed, this gap must be filled with jute and covered with platbands.
Building regulations do not make any clear recommendations regarding materials for window sills and flashings. As a rule, standard sills are used that come complete with a PVC window. The window sill can be made of wood or polymer. The lower profile can be rested directly on a wooden window sill, i.e. If you wish, you can install this product before installing the window. Or you don’t have to get rid of the old window sill if it is in good condition.
Experienced builders give very useful recommendation, which is not in regulatory documents, but it will be useful to any person who decides to perform self-installation PVC windows. Wood allows vapor to pass through. If no action is taken about this, these evaporations will gradually deteriorate the properties of the polyurethane foam. And to prevent the foam from getting wet, polyethylene foam foil tape should be glued along the line of its application.
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Preparing the opening and window for installation
Before you start further work, prepare tools for installing PVC windows. You will need the following:
- Screwdriver.
- Foam gun and foam itself.
- Level.
- Jigsaw.
- Hammer.
- Set of hex keys.
- Pencil.
- Yardstick.
- Stationery knife.
After you remove the old window, thoroughly clean the opening of paint and debris. If the walls of your house are made of wood, you will have to additionally plan upper layer, if a new window is installed in a box that has already served for some time. Such pre-treatment ensures stronger adhesion of the foam to the top layer.
Builders recommend using foam to fill the gap only if the gap between the opening and the frame does not exceed 40 mm in size. If the gaps are larger, it is better to partially fill them with polystyrene foam, plasterboard and other available materials. For example, in a house made of timber, you can use sections of the same timber.
First you need to remove the sash from the frame. To do this, pull the pin out of the top hinge. You can carefully pry it off using a screwdriver or pliers. After this, remove the sash from the bottom hinge. If the window is solid, you need to remove the glass unit from it. First, the longitudinal beads are taken out, followed by the transverse ones. Glazing beads can be easily removed using a spatula or a wide knife. Just insert auxiliary tool into the gap and begin to gradually shift it. Be careful and do everything so as not to damage the glass.
If the window is small, you can insert it using mounting plates without the need to first remove double-glazed windows or sashes. If it is possible not to violate the integrity of the factory structure, then it is better not to do this. Take a sash or a double-glazed window and lean the product against the wall at a slight angle, placing it on a flat horizontal surface, previously covered with thick cardboard or some soft material.
Do not place double-glazed windows and sashes flat under any circumstances. It is also prohibited to place them askew. Even the smallest pebble under the base can cause a crack to appear in the product. Remove protective film from the outside of the frame. It's better to do this right away, because... In the future, this process will require much more effort.
Mark the locations for installing fasteners. Builders recommend installing fasteners in increments of 40 cm. In accordance with current GOSTs, the increment should not exceed 70 cm. Standard distances from the impost and corners are 15 cm. If you are installing a PVC window using plates, attach them to the frame in advance. Self-tapping screws are used for this. Prepare holes for long screws or anchor bolts. Use a metal drill for this. Drill with outside frames
Most instructions indicate that before installation, you need to fix it using PSUL protective tape. However, practice shows that gluing it before installation is quite inconvenient. Therefore, you can do this after the installation is completed, nothing bad will happen because of this.