What is a SIP panel and why is it needed? Technical characteristics, dimensions and weight of sip panels Optimal dimensions of a house made of sip panels.

SIP panels

Price table (general information)

Cost per square meter	Kalevala E1 (Russia)	Egger E1 (Romania)	Glunz E1 (Germany)
Panel thickness: 224	1 450	1 510	1 730
Panel thickness: 174	1 350	1 410	1 630
Panel thickness: 124	1 250	1 310	1 530
Cost of SIP panels	Kalevala E1	Egger E1	Glunz E1
2800x1250x224	5 075	5 285	6 055
2800x1250x174	4 725	4 935	5 705
2800x1250x124	4 375	4 585	5 355
2800x625x224	2 538	2 643	3 028
2800x625x174	2 363	2 468	2 853
2800x625x124	2 188	2 293	2 678
2500x1250x224	4 532	4 719	5 407
2500x1250x174	4 219	4 407	5 094
2500x1250x124	3 907	4 094	4 782
2500x625x224	2 266	2 360	2 704
2500x625x174	2 110	2 204	2 547
2500x625x124	1 954	2 047	2 391

EUROSTRAND® E1 OSB -12 boards
Formaldehyde emission class E1 implies a free formaldehyde content of no more than 10 mg per 100g of board, which corresponds to the amount emitted by natural wood.

Expanded polystyrene: PSB-S 25F.

1. External walls for the 1st and 2nd floors: SIP slabs have a thickness of 174 and 224 mm;

2. Partitions for interior space: SIP boards have a thickness of 124 and 174 mm;

3. Overlapping of the first floor: SIP slabs have a thickness of 174 and 224 mm;

4. Floors between floors: SIP slabs have a thickness of 174 and 224 mm;

5. Roof: SIP slabs have a thickness of 174 and 224 mm;

6. According to the project, cutting of a structure from SIP boards.

Introduction to SIP panels

Searching for approaches to construction finished houses energy efficient solutions are not simple. Ultimately, the search for a solution often leads to information about the use of SIP panels, which can reduce construction costs.

This material deserves attention and is universal, used during construction frame buildings. In structure, it is an insulating panel divided into certain layers of insulating materials; the outside of this product is covered with OSB sheets. All layers of this panel undergo surface treatment with polyurethane-based adhesives, after which the panel is subjected to a press applying a force of 18 tons to firmly connect all layers. The slab is created by gluing chips in several layers, with resins involved in the process. Today, this material is confidently conquering the market, displacing traditional chipboards, largely due to its significant strength and sufficient elasticity. The role of insulation in these slabs is played by polystyrene foam, which is foamed plastic. This curious material has enviable lightness and is an excellent heat insulator, and is irreplaceable as an excellent insulation material.

Often, such houses are called “Canadian”, since the birthplace of this invention is Canada, famous for its severe frosts. Despite decades of use, opponents still greet it with hostility. It is human nature to doubt, especially when it comes to such fragile, from a visual assessment, materials. The majority of consumers prefer to use brick, neglecting its disadvantages. In the meantime, in our country, SIP panels are not very popular; Americans, famous for their practicality, together with residents of Europe, are creating specialized associations designed to help newcomers in the development of this area. The posted photos perfectly demonstrate the practicality and simplicity of construction, which allows you to save significantly on this.

Main pros and cons

Any construction method has its own positive traits, as well as outright shortcomings. The main advantages include convenience and an increased level of comfort. Buildings constructed using SIP panel technology will be the most balanced choice, allowing you to get a number of advantages:

• Thermal insulation properties of slabs. Buildings built according to Canadian technology significantly superior to traditional brick in terms of thermal insulation. Experts say that to achieve a similar result using slabs whose thickness is only 17 cm, the brick wall should be no thinner than 2.5 m.
• Excellent sound insulation. Despite their modest thickness, the panels practically do not allow sounds from the street to pass through.
• Lightness of the material. With an area of ​​1 m2, this panel ranges from 15 to 20 kg, it depends on the thickness of the slab. Brickwork of similar size exceeds 500 kg. Thus, for lightweight houses made of SIP panels, there is no need to spend extra money on a capital foundation, when you can get by with a cheaper method - a strip, shallow foundation.
• Speed ​​of construction. Houses based on SIP panel technology are built quite quickly and take several weeks. In three weeks, a cottage is built on two floors with an area of ​​approximately 50 m2.
• Regardless of the time of year, construction can be carried out; SIP panels have no seasonality restrictions.
• The small weight of the slabs allows you to significantly save on unloading by using the services of loaders.
• This material is resistant to negative impact external factors and does not allow the development of fungi, mold or other bacteria.
• The price of 1 m2 of SIP panels is around 25 dollars, favorably outperforming traditional building materials in terms of cost, additional benefit- simplicity.
• SIP panels are environmentally friendly, and therefore their scope of application is quite wide. With any type of construction, there is no waste or harmful substances that cause allergies.
• Simplicity in building a house. The products do not require special skills or special equipment. It doesn’t matter what the purpose and size of the building under construction is, all stages of construction depend on the availability of self-tapping screws, namely panels, a set of basic tools and polyurethane foam.

During the tests, it was possible to establish that SIP panels have decent strength, performing well under different loads. The researchers applied a force of 10 tons per m2 and about 2 tons to withstand the lateral load on the slabs.

During application, SIP panels have demonstrated a number of convincing advantages. But this product also has disadvantages, exaggerated by competitors and supporters of traditional materials:

• fire hazard;
• resistance to rodent attacks;
• threat to environmental safety.

Potential buyers are primarily interested in how SIP panels are protected from fire, since 90% of the slab is made from wood materials. The creators paid considerable attention to this issue and treated the material with a fire retardant, a fire-resistant agent. If we compare the slabs with ordinary wood, they are 7 times more fire resistant. And polystyrene, used as a filler, has the property of self-extinguishing. Products are not afraid open fire, and it will not spread to other structures.

Regarding environmental safety - this material does not pose a threat to human health. In the process, adhesives are used with harmful fumes, the amount of which is not capable of causing noticeable damage to health.

Regarding the issue with rodents, it simply doesn’t exist. Despite the belief that rodents will be able to penetrate polystyrene foam and get inside the building, this is an absolute misconception. During the entire period of operation, no one encountered this problem. Slab of chips impregnated special resin, this is excellent protection against rodents and insects. Considerable strength and inedibility do not attract the attention of pests. The insulating material is also inedible, therefore, rodents avoid it without showing interest.

SIP panels are often used in the construction of buildings that do not comply with “Canadian” technology, taking advantage of their excellent performance as a cladding material. In these cases, you should expect unpleasant surprises:

• The joints are not tight enough and show through. Mounting tape can easily cope with this issue, which is not typical for “Canadian” houses.
• If you do not use insulation, the walls will instantly freeze.
• Sometimes, condensation settles at the joints, which will cause joint defects.
• There is a possibility that the slabs suffered cosmetic damage due to cutting or improper transportation. In this situation, it is worth applying a layer of primer to protect the slab.

Some opponents focus on finding shortcomings, hinting at the presence of harmful phenols and formaldehydes used in the production of chipboards. This issue does not even deserve attention, since such compounds are used in very small quantities, being in accordance with the standards established by the sanitary safety service, assigning the product class E1.

Distinctive properties sandwich panels

Thermal testing calculations have proven that these panels containing 10 cm thick polystyrene foam exhibit thermal conductivity resistance of these plates within 2.8 W/mC, fully meeting the requirements of SNiP. If you use a slab with a thickness of 24.4 cm, the heat resistance indicator will be 5.2 W/mhos. Conventional wood used in combination with brick, being a cladding, is within 1 W/mOS, and forty centimeters of brick insulated with mineral wool and covered with clapboard does not exceed this figure within 2.02 W/mOS.

In all respects, the SIP panel with a useful thickness of 24.4 cm is significantly superior to other materials, providing reliable thermal insulation. And future owners of such housing will be able to save significantly in heating season and in hot weather with air conditioning.

Tests in the laboratory of SIP panels for sound insulation showed that a 12-centimeter panel is completely impervious to sound with a power of 44 dB. And if you use best option By using slabs 24.4 cm thick, the degree of noise insulation increases to 75 dB, exceeding the performance of similar materials by up to 50%.

Types of insulation used

The role of heat-insulating material and sealant is given to the following materials:

• mineral wool;
• polyurethane foam;
• expanded polystyrene;
• fiberglass.

Expanded polystyrene insulation is in significant demand, demonstrating clear advantages:

Expanded polystyrene is a very lightweight material used in housing construction. Thanks to its use, construction is progressing at a record pace, and builders immediately appreciated its advantageous feature.

According to its properties, mineral wool also retains heat well and is soundproof; moreover, it is not afraid of temperature changes and other aggressive influences. However, during the work, it is necessary to take precautions to avoid getting small particles on the exposed skin, which leads to complete discomfort caused by scabies. When cutting panels with this material, you should avoid getting cotton wool particles into the respiratory system.

The use of polyurethane foam is very justified in climatic zones with high humidity. Its characteristics perfectly meet the requirements of thermal and waterproofing. And the components are also resistant to fungal growths and mold.

The use of fiberglass is not widespread, despite its excellent noise insulation, often reaching 90 dB. The reason for its unpopularity was poor resistance to heat, leading to deformation when the temperature reaches 40 C.

If you are looking for an opportunity to build warm house for little money, consider building a house from SIP panels. The cost of a two-story “box” of 10*10 meters without finishing is around 17-20 thousand dollars. In this case there is no need for additional insulation, you can move into the house immediately after construction (if communications are connected) and you can immediately begin finishing.

What is a SIP panel

The construction of houses from SIP panels began in the second half of the last century in Canada. The technology is simple, the construction of a building requires very little time (from two to three weeks, depending on the complexity of the project), it can only be cheaper, and even then not in all regions.

Houses are built from thermal insulation panels, which themselves have sufficient strength. In English, these panels are called SIP, which is an abbreviation for the following name: StructuralInsulated Panel. This translates as “Structural Thermal Insulated Panel”. It turns out, in theory, in Russian, the name of this material should sound like KTP. In reality, normal transliteration is used (replacing English letters with Cyrillic alphabet). As a result, the name “SIP panels” is in use.

This material consists of two, between which a layer of expanded polystyrene (foam) is laid. The result is a kind of sandwich (a construction “multi-layer sandwich”). Hence another name - sandwich panels.

When building a house, there are two types of assembly:

In our country, the first option is most popular. The wooden frame gives the structure additional strength. The load-bearing capacity of sandwich panels without a frame is more than enough for the construction of one or two-story private houses. But knowing that the house is built on solid timber is reassuring. This technology has one more advantage - maintainability. If there are problems, you can remove the damaged panel and replace it with a new one, which will frame technology impossible.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any new technology for our country, building a house from SIP panels has its adherents and opponents. Opponents have the most important argument - the unnaturalness of the materials and the possibility of releasing harmful substances. Indeed, these boards consist of foam and OSB. Polystyrene foam is a common material and is only dangerous when it burns. OSB has also been on the market for a long time; it is made from pressed large shavings and wood chips. Resins containing formaldehyde are added as a binder. It is this binder that raises the most questions: formaldehyde is a strong poison and its presence in the atmosphere in large quantities causes poisoning.

Formaldehyde emissions must be controlled by the SES (sanitary and epidemiological station), and only safe building materials must be put on sale. So if you are planning to build a house from SIP panels, carefully choose the manufacturer - the quality of the material depends on his integrity. Panels assembled using German OSB from Egger are recognized as the highest quality and safest. Their formaldehyde emissions are E1 (safe).

Excerpt from GOST R 56309-2014 (date of introduction 2015-07-01): “Depending on the content (emission) of formaldehyde, the boards are manufactured in emission classes E0.5, E1 and E2.”

At the same time, they easily tolerate high humidity, do not absorb water and are not deformed.

SIP panel Egger E1 2800x625x174 (Romania) is the best option for walls. Height - 2800 mm, thickness of polystyrene foam - 150 mm. If you prefer “standard” ceilings with a height of 2.5 meters, then you should purchase Egger E1 2500x1250x174

German Glunz Agepan panels are also good, but few people use them. If we talk about Russian manufacturers, then you should pay attention to the products of the Kalevala company. Only safe and high-quality materials are used in production:

1. OSB-3 Kalevala Russia emission class E1;
2. Glue – TOP-UR (Russia);
3. Expanded polystyrene – PSBS – 25C Knauf (Russia).

Speaking about the advantages of construction from SIP panels, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the technology has been thoroughly developed. Panels are produced for various elements of the house: external walls, partitions, interfloor ceilings etc.

Why do people build houses from SIP panels? Because such a house has solid advantages:

• Light weight, which allows you to save on the foundation. Pile or construction is ideal for this type of building.
• Low heat loss, low heating costs. Expanded polystyrene is an excellent insulation material, and it is sandwiched on both sides with OSB sheets. This is what makes a sandwich panel house very warm.
• Low cost per square meter.
• Short construction time. The box of a two-story house can be assembled in a month.
• No shrinkage. There may be settlement at the foundation. The structure made from SIP panels has no settlement.
• Finishing work can begin immediately after the box is assembled.

In general, it is this set of properties that makes people choose a house made from SIP panels. Build like houses permanent residence, and summer cottages for seasonal visits. So, with a limited budget, building a house from SIP panels can be a very good solution.

How to build it yourself

There are two ways to build a house from SIP panels with your own hands:

• Buy a house kit for a specific project from a company that deals with this, and assemble it yourself. Not all companies agree to this, but many have a supervising installation service. This is when a company specialist supervises your installation.
• Buy slabs. Cut them to the required sizes, purchase timber, do it all yourself. In this case, all responsibility for the quality of construction will fall on you. If you have carpentry skills or have someone to help you with, you can choose this option.

Briefly about what a house kit is. This is a set of ready-made SIP panels, wooden beam the required size and fasteners for the construction of a specific house. All components are cut at the factory and numbered. When assembling you are in in a certain order use the received blocks. The process is reminiscent of building a house from children's construction set, only you are assembling a real house.

Building a house from SIP panels when ordering a house kit is like playing construction kit

A house kit is good if everything is done accurately. This is not only about the quality of SIP panels (it must be checked separately), but also about the use dry wood (kiln drying), and about cutting accuracy. The edges of the panels must precisely “grab” the beam, the two panels must be joined with an expansion gap of about 3 mm - all this is achieved using precision equipment.

Reference. The expansion gap is the required distance that is left between building materials that are subject to expansion (dilatation). If the house is being built in a region with a humid climate (for example, the Leningrad region), then it is necessary to leave an expansion gap in mandatory, otherwise the OSB will swell. In dry climates, there is no need for a gap between OSB.

Construction stages: photo report

Construction of a house from SIP panels, like any other, begins with the selection and construction of a foundation. It is considered optimal for light houses pile foundation. This is exactly what is done in most cases when starting the construction of a house using SIP technology. Sometimes it is impossible to install a pile foundation:

• on hard soils that are too expensive to drill (rocks);
• on unstable soils with low bearing capacity (peat bogs);
• in the presence of cavities in the rock mass.

In these cases, they do or (more often USHP - an insulated Swedish stove). They are much more expensive, but more reliable.

Once the foundation has been selected and calculated, its construction can begin.

Making a pile foundation

Since the foundation is from screw piles is done most often, we will illustrate its production. Piles are screwed into the ground manually (if the soil and strength allow) or using special equipment. The height of the heads is 80 cm above ground level, the distance between the piles is no more than 2.5 meters.

The heads are welded to the installed piles, and the strapping beam is attached to them (in in this example 200*200 mm).

Important! The joints of the timber must be located on the heads. When laying the strapping beam, do not forget to lubricate the locks before joining protective composition (bitumen mastic).

There is no support under the joint - you can’t do that!

To protect against rotting and insects, the strapping beams are impregnated with a protective compound. Roofing material was laid in two layers under the timber (on the heads).

This stage takes from 3-4 days to a week. It depends on the complexity of the soil, whether you work with the equipment or turn it yourself. Now you can start laying the floor slabs, but before that you should familiarize yourself with the methods of connecting them.

How to connect SIP panels: basic principle

When connecting panels, a wooden dowel (beam) or a thermal key (a piece of SIP panel of smaller thickness) is inserted between them. As mentioned above, in our country the technology using a frame is more popular, i.e. Dry timber is used as a key. It is this option that we will focus on.

The beam is inserted into the groove and fixed using self-tapping screws and/or nails, which are twisted/hammered through the OSB into the body of the beam. If you have a nail gun, we initially recommend tackling the panels with “yellow” wood screws 40-50 mm long, and then punching through the joints rough nails 50-65 mm long in increments of 10-15 cm.

The following can be used to fasten SIP panels: “yellow” wood screws, galvanized screw nails, galvanized rough nails. Do not use “black” hardened screws - they break off and quickly corrode

There is always a risk that the connection will be leaky, and the entire construction technology of SIP panels is based on the thermos effect, that is, on maximum tightness. Therefore, before assembling this unit (and any other) on lateral surface polyurethane foam is applied to the panel. It fills all the cracks, providing the proper level of heat and moisture insulation.

Note! The picture above shows a dowel made from double timber. Often such recommendations are perceived incorrectly, and in order to save money, unplaned wood is purchased. edged board 50x150x6000 mm natural humidity. Once the board dries, the joint is unlikely to remain sealed.

When making a composite wooden dowel 100*150, in our opinion, it is preferable to use three dry bars with a cross section of 50*100 mm - in this case the connections overlap (see video below).

If we are talking about wall panels, then it makes sense to insert and secure the dowels in advance.

The foam was applied, the beam was inserted, and secured with self-tapping screws. Foam was applied to the side edge of the second slab, the groove was placed under the protruding part of the beam, an expansion gap of 3 mm was set, and secured with self-tapping screws. The foam that came out of the seams during the installation process is cut off after polymerization.

This technique, with minor modifications, is repeated in any connection of SIP panels. The diagram of this node is presented above.

After cutting the slabs, it becomes necessary to remove polystyrene foam to the required depth. For these purposes, an electric thermal knife (cutter) for foam plastic is used. They are various designs, but the thermal knife must be equipped with a limiter. Only in this case will you be able to remove polystyrene foam exactly to the required depth. “Overdoing” can lead to the appearance of cold bridges at the junction of the panels.

You can make the cutter yourself, but at the same time Do not forget about safety precautions when working with electric current.

First overlap

The first floor is nothing more than a floor that does not require insulation. As melted, it is assembled from SIP panels with a thickness of 224 mm and a width of 625 mm. With this width of slabs wooden beams located in increments of about 60 cm, which is enough to withstand the load.

If you have slabs with a width of 1250 mm, then they need to be sawn lengthwise into two equal parts.

When installing the ceiling, the panels should be laid like bricks in masonry - with the seams mismatching (staggered). This is necessary to ensure that the seams do not warp when humidity increases.

These are the pieces that floor blocks should be cut into when using 1250 mm wide slabs

To protect the bottom OSB board from moisture, each of the boards is coated on one side with the same bitumen mastic. You can use other compositions with similar properties.

Assembly of SIP floor panels for the first floor

When connecting the slabs, a mounting beam is laid between them (diagram in the previous paragraph). The beam is attached at the edges to the frame (with long nails), and the edges of the slabs are attached to it using self-tapping screws.

We cover the side sections of the slabs (all floors) with an edged board of a suitable size. Apply foam to the side surface of the slab with a snake, then place a board and fasten it through OSB self-tapping screws at the end of the board.

A starting (crown) board is laid on top of the sandwich around the perimeter, on which they will rest SIP wall panels. It is laid around the perimeter and in those places where partitions will be installed.

The crown boards are fastened with nails/screws, but to be sure, they were secured through and through with studs to the pile heads. Holes were drilled for the studs. A pin is driven into them and tightened with bolts.

Walling

We continue the construction of a house from SIP panels: we are installing the walls of the first floor. For this work, it is advisable to have two assistants, then the process will go faster and easier.

We place the first panel so that it “fits” onto the crown board

Wall installation begins from one of the corners. When installing, the panel is “slipped” onto the installed starting board with a recess at the bottom (first apply a layer of foam to the board or the end of the sandwich). The panel is placed, aligned vertically, attached to the starting board on both sides with self-tapping screws in increments of 10-15 cm.

On the side surface installed slab foam is applied, another plate is set at an angle of 90°. An embedded board (end block) is pre-attached to its side part, the thickness of which is equal to the depth of the groove. Like the first one, this panel is attached to the strapping starting board.

In addition, we fasten the corner using long self-tapping screws.

As a rule, self-tapping screws with a length of 220 to 280 mm are used

The length of the self-tapping screw must be such that it passes through the slab and the entire thickness of the embedded board. The installation step of this fastener is 40-50 cm.

In window and doorways, for more reliable fastening, you can install metal perforated reinforced corners. The element is optional, but adds rigidity and inspires confidence.

External walls and partitions are immediately erected

The installation of partitions from SIP panels follows the same principle: we attach a crown board and partition blocks to it. They can be the same thickness as for external walls, but thinner ones can be used. Decline soundproofing properties compensated by interior decoration.

To save money, partitions can be made using frame technology. Then initially only the frame can be installed, and its cladding can be transferred to a later period. It is more convenient to do this when the roof is already installed.

In a house, frame partitions can be made from SIP panels

Interfloor ceiling

To install floor slabs in the grooves of wall panels, boards are installed on foam and self-tapping screws. They create a harness for installing the ceiling.

Next we lay the floor slabs. If the partitions are assembled from SIP panels, they load bearing capacity is quite high and no additional strengthening measures are required. If the partitions were assembled using frame technology, top beams we make reinforced ones: they are assembled from three boards glued together. For greater strength, the beams can also be fastened on both sides with self-tapping screws.

Floor slabs made of SIP panels are laid on the finished frame. They should be no more than 625 mm wide and should be laid staggered (with the seams mismatched). Since the panels are narrow, there is a lot of wooden beams in the ceiling. Due to this, such a floor can withstand loads in places where there are no floor beams.

We fasten the laid slabs to the framing beam with self-tapping screws or nails. The edges of the OSB are at the top and bottom to each intermediate beam. After securing the installation of the ceiling, we close the open side sections along the perimeter of the building according to the same principle: foam + edged board. For greater rigidity, in those places where the floor beams pass, we fasten the floor panels with long self-tapping screws (220 mm) all the way through.

This stage after assembling the first floor does not seem difficult. Everything is the same, only the work is at height, tightening the sandwich panels takes longer and is more difficult than installing them.

Second floor walls

The second floor in this project is , so the wall panels are low. We also install partitions at the same time as the external walls. Before installing the roof, an embedded beam is installed in the upper open groove; roofing SIP panels will be attached to it.

Standard panels will have to be cut to fit the gables, since the shape is non-standard. The installation and connection of the wall panels themselves on the second floor is no different.

Roof made of SIP panels

Special sandwich panels are used for the roof. Under them, the ends of the slabs are cut at a certain angle, which is determined by the angle of inclination of the roof slope. Here, just as with flooring, you can get by with a minimum of beams, because each connection has its own beam. That's why rafter system are not collected.

For a roof made of SIP panels, beams need a minimum

Skate decoration

The roof of a small to medium sized house is made of SIP panels and usually has a central ridge beam. Here two planes of the roof converge. This node can be designed in two ways (in the pictures below). The first one is symmetrical. The sandwich panels are cut at an angle, and the top of the ridge beam is cut at the same angle. Two planes are fastened with long self-tapping screws through the panel to the beam on both sides. The fastener installation step is 30-40 cm.

In this method, there is no usual timber between the two slabs; they are connected only with foam. After the foam has polymerized, the excess is cut off and the seam is processed waterproof sealant, after which a protective strip is put on the skate - made of metal, plastic, etc. - depends on the type of roofing chosen.

There is another way to join roofing SIP panels on the ridge. The second method does not require cutting the slabs at an angle, but one part of the panels must be longer (by the thickness of the roofing slab). The beam is still cut at an angle, the slabs are joined at right angles, and fastened through and through with long self-tapping screws to the beam.

This connection uses embedded end bars. They are installed as usual - on polyurethane foam and self-tapping screws. To block the access of moisture to the under-roof space, the junction of the two panels is also additionally coated with a waterproof sealant.

There is an option for installing a roof with or without SIP panels central beam. There are roofing options with two load-bearing beams that are located off-center. These can be either specially laid floor beams, or partitions assembled from SIP panels or using frame technology. In the second case, it is better to strengthen the beams (make them prefabricated with glue and nails).

The most difficult thing in this unit is to cut the embedded beams at the right angle. This can be done on the ground, which greatly simplifies the task. The panels are fastened through the slab with long self-tapping screws to the floor beams or mortgages in the partitions. Also, two planes are fastened together at the junction point - on opposite sides with long self-tapping screws.

Roof and wall panel connections

For laying SIP roofing slabs, wall slabs are cut at the required angle. The inner part of the OSB is higher than the outer part. The foam plastic is “cut” at the same angle, and the edges of the embedded beam are trimmed. It is this part that is the most difficult if you did not buy a house kit, but are building a house from SIP panels using standard panels, cutting them to the required dimensions with your own hands.

How to connect wall and roof SIP panels

If you have the appropriate equipment, cutting them at an angle is not a problem. Problem cut between OSB boards foam to the desired depth. You can select the core using a thermal knife, and then remove the residue purely mechanically. Most likely, the cut will still not be smooth, so you will have to add more foam to fill the unevenness.

In the pictures, the roof overhang is also made of slabs with insulation. This is easier to implement, but it is an unreasonable expense. To save money, the length of the SIP panel is taken up to the intersection with the walls, and then only the timber goes (as in the photo). In this case, the beam is made composite: one part is longer by the amount of the overhang, the second is shorter and ends where the wall ends.

Features of joining roofing slabs

The connection of two roofing slabs occurs in the same way as others: timber, foam, self-tapping screws. But since precipitation is possible here, it is advisable to seal all seams.

To improve the tightness, all seams on the roof are additionally coated with waterproof sealant. First it is cut hardened foam in the plane with the roof, then sealant is applied. After filing the overhangs, we can consider that the construction of a house made of SIP panels is completed. Install windows/doors, connect communications and the home is already suitable for habitation. Finishing can be done immediately after installing the box.

Mice and other troubles

To save our readers from unnecessary headaches, we decided to talk about the mistakes made during the construction of one residential building. First of all, the material is intended for those who hire contractors for construction. However, it will also be useful for those who build a house on their own.

The facility was built according to the program " Country house", and local would-be builders acted as the contractor. Unfortunately, the future residents did not pay due attention to the quality of the work. The result is natural - a large number of significant "jambs".

Brief information about the house:

• Commissioning date: 2008
• Number of floors: 2
• Foundation type: strip
• Technology: frameless
• Panel sizes: 2740x1220x224 (floors), 2740x1220x174 (walls), 2740x1220x145 (dowel for connecting wall panels)

Problems appeared quite quickly and were associated with the most important part of any structure - the foundation. Strip foundation was filled with low quality concrete, this led to the fact that when moisture entered, it began to crumble.

In extreme cold (below -30°C), another “jamb” was discovered - part of the plastic floor plinth in the kitchen froze.

It was decided to remove the bottom panels vinyl siding, remove cold bridges in the places where the wall slabs adjoin the ceiling of the first floor and sheathe the foundation with corrugated sheets to look like stone.

After dismantling the lower siding panels, signs of field mice appeared.

During construction, the ends of the floor were not covered with boards. Pieces of plywood are installed, with large distances between them. Also note that the roofing felt does not start from the timber, but from the floor level

A brief explanation of roofing felt. At the time of construction of the house, in a specific locality Haven't heard of vapor permeable membranes. The contractor was going to lay on the walls plastic film. The customer opposed this, and as a result, roofing felt was used.

It is clearly visible that the mice did not waste any time...

As a result, the owner of the house had to mitigate the consequences using his modest construction experience.

Related errors:

• The lower part of the first floor ceiling has not been treated with bitumen mastic.
• SIP panels with a width of 1220 mm were laid on the floors of the first and second floors (they had to be cut in half lengthwise).
• Raw wood was used.
• The panel for making thermal keys is thinner than the polystyrene foam layer.
• The corners of the house are not tightened with long screws.
• Self-tapping screws are exclusively black.

There were other mistakes, but we do not talk about them, as they do not directly relate to the technology of constructing SIP houses.

Alas, the case discussed above is not the most severe - the fatal option is discussed in the video below.

The conclusion is very simple: you should not blindly trust the customer. All stages of construction must be supervised personally, or seek help knowledgeable person from the outside.

If the construction is carried out by contractors, then the quality of their work can be assessed already at the stage of acceptance of the first floor slab.

Foam core panels can be manufactured with any core volume to create a building component. Most often in SIP heat-insulating material is expanded polystyrene (PPS) brand PSB-S-25. At the same time, the main material for the manufacture of external coating today is OSB - OSB-3. Research is underway various types surfaces for special application cladding.

Standard sizes of SIP panels in Europe they correspond to the dimensions of manufactured OSB sheets: width 1.25 or 1.2 m; length - 2.5 or 2.8 m, less often - 3 and 6 m.

American standard sizes differ in inch metric. In Russia, such panels are less common; the most popular American format is 2.44 x 1.22 m.

Thickness of SIP panels consists of the thickness of the core and facing slabs. Common values ​​for PPS blocks are 100, 150 and 200 mm. The thickness of OSB sheets produced varies from 6 to 25 mm, but in the production of SIP, boards with a thickness of 9 and 12 mm are mainly used.

Depending on the purpose (walls, roofs, floors), SIP panels are available in various sizes. For roofing and ceilings, panels are produced with a width equal to half of standard size- 625 and 600 mm.

Dimensions and weight of SIP panels popular formats in Russia . How much a SIP panel weighs can be determined from comparative table:

NOMENCLATURE	Thickness teaching staff, mm	Thickness OSB, mm	Thickness panels, mm	Length panels, mm	Width panels, mm	Panel weight, kg
SIP panel, 2500*1250*118
SIP panel, 2500*1250*124
SIP panel, 2800*1250*124
SIP panel, 2500*1250*168
SIP panel, 2500*1250*174
SIP panel, 2800*1250*174
SIP panel, 2500*1250*218
SIP panel, 2500*1250*224
SIP panel, 2800*1250*224

Heat transfer resistance of SIP panels

Thermal engineering calculation for SIP panels with OSB-3 cladding and PSB-S-25 polystyrene foam insulation with a thickness of 100 mm and 150 mm

Initial data for the Moscow region:

• OSB board thickness 12 mm;
• Thickness of expanded polystyrene - 100 mm, 150 mm;
• Estimated outside air temperature Tn -26 o C;
• Estimated internal air temperature Твн +18 о С;
• The heat transfer coefficient of the internal surface of the enclosing structure is 8.7 W/(m 2 o C);
• Heat transfer coefficient (for winter conditions) outer surface enclosing structure 23 W/(m 2 o C).

For 100 mm insulation:

Ro = 1/8.7 + 2*0.012/0.18 + 0.1/0.041 + 1/23 = 0.115 + 0.133 + 2.439 + 0.043 = 2.73 m 2 o C/W

For 150 mm insulation:

Ro = 1/8.7 + 2*0.012/0.18 + 0.15/0.041 + 1/23 = 0.115 + 0.133 + 3.658 + 0.043 = 3.95 m 2 o C/W

According to SNiP II-3-79, the value of heat transfer resistance of walls Rtr must be more than 3.2 m 2 o C/W. As can be seen from the calculation, walls made of panels with a thickness of 174 mm fully satisfy the requirements of SNiP.

For comparison, we present the values ​​of the thermal resistance coefficients of some types of building materials that are used for the construction of external walls:

Ceramic building brick 510 mm
Ro = 1/8.7 + 0.51/0.41 + 1/23 = 1.4 m 2 o C/W

Beam 150 mm + brick lining
Ro = 1/8.7 + 0.15/0.18 + 0.12/0.41 + 1/23 = 1.28 m 2 o C/W

Foam concrete 400 mm
Ro = 1/8.7 + 0.4/0.21 + 1/23 = 2.06 m 2 o C/W

Brick 380 mm + mineral wool 75 mm + clapboard cladding
Ro = 1/8.7 + 0.38/0.41 + 0.075/0.084 + 0.01/0.18 + 1/23 = 2.03 m 2 o C/W

From these figures it is clear that a panel with polystyrene foam insulation, 100 mm thick, and even more so 150 mm, significantly exceeds traditional building materials in its heat-saving properties.

Operating temperature range SIP operation: from -50 to +50 o C.

Strength of SIP panels

Thanks to monolithic design panels, it can withstand a vertical load of 10 tons and a lateral load of 2 tons/1 sq. m.

If modern man starts thinking about construction own home, then you probably won’t have to explain to him what SIP panels are. The fact is that many people are paying attention to this technology. There is an opinion that the method of using SIP panels has Canadian roots, but this is not so - in fact, it is American. The first houses made from such panels began to be built in the United States back in the forties and fifties.

Key parameters of SIP panels – dimensions, approximate prices, features

Let's start with the fact that these panels are manufactured in three standard sizes, each of which, in turn, can have several thicknesses. Let's look at the features of each option.

1. Products with dimensions 125x250 centimeters. Their thickness can be 12.4, 17.4 and 22.4 centimeters. The cost of one panel, accordingly, varies on average between 3200 and 3900 rubles.
2. Products with dimensions 125x280 centimeters. The thickness is similar, that is, 12.4, 17.4 or 22.4 centimeters. The average market price is from 3,600 to 4,300 rubles.
3. Products with dimensions 125x300 centimeters. Thickness in in this case still the same, but the prices are slightly higher - from 4,150 to 4,700 rubles per piece.

For more detailed information about the standard sizes of products, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the table below.

Table. Dimensions of SIP panels, thickness and average market prices.

Key advantages of SIP panels as a building material

There are many of them, so we will consider only the most important of them.

Does the material have any disadvantages?

Of course, there are also disadvantages in this case. First of all, the panels are made of flammable materials. Reputable manufacturers who have all the necessary quality certificates supply high-quality panels treated, as we noted above, with fire retardants. Even if such materials are exposed to fire, the harmful/toxic substances released do not exceed generally accepted sanitary standards.

Note! Despite the fact that supporters of building materials common in the country are skeptical about SIP panels, experts are confident that they (the panels) will soon become widespread due to increasing consumer confidence.

Video – Story about SIP panels on Discovery

Panel modules for building a house with your own hands

There are many types of modules made from SIP panels designed for self-construction Houses. Let's take a look at several popular varieties. For the convenience of visitors, the information below is presented in table form.

Table. Modules (sip panels) for the construction of houses and buildings and their prices.

Name, illustrations	Brief characteristics, cost in rubles
K1	This module is supplied either with a window opening or already equipped with a window. In the first case, the price of the module is 7,000 rubles, in the second - in the range of 12,500 - 13,000. The module dimensions are 280x250 centimeters, the opening dimensions are 120x125 centimeters.
K2	The dimensions, purpose and types of such a module are the same as the first option. The only exception is the dimensions of the window opening - here they are 125x155 centimeters. The cost of the module is 6,500 rubles, including window design– about 13,000 – 13,500 rubles.
K3	The next module already has a doorway. Its width is 215 centimeters, its height is the same 280 centimeters. The dimensions of the doorway are 90x200 centimeters. The price of one module is about 5,600 rubles, complete with the door itself – approximately 23,500 rubles.
K4	Modules equipped with large window openings(200x90 centimeters). The dimensions of the modules themselves are 280x215 centimeters. The unit price is 5,600 rubles, together with the window structure - from 11,600 rubles.
K5	A similar module, but the dimensions of the window opening are different - 200x52.5 centimeters. The dimensions of the product itself are 280x187.5 centimeters. Price – 5400 rubles and 10400 – 11000 rubles.
K6	Another slab under the doorway. The dimensions of the module are 280x205 centimeters, and the opening is 200x80 centimeters. The price of a unit of goods is 3800 rubles, together with the door structure - 20800 rubles.
K7	The module, for the manufacture of which SIP panels were used, is again made with a window opening. The dimensions of the structure are 250x250 centimeters, and the opening itself is 125x125 centimeters. The price of the module is 6,200 rubles, together with the window itself – from 11,700 to 12,300 rubles.
K8	Product with a doorway. The dimensions are smaller - 250x215 centimeters, door dimensions - 200x90 centimeters. This module will cost approximately 5,200 rubles, and if together with the door, then 23,400 rubles.
K9	Another module made with a window opening of a non-standard configuration. The dimensions of the product are 250x215 centimeters, and the windows are 170x90 centimeters. The product will also cost 5,200 rubles, and if you buy it together with a window, then from 11,300 to 11,900 rubles.
K10	Another element with a window opening, having dimensions of 250x187.5 centimeters. The dimensions of the opening are 170x62.5 centimeters. This module costs about 3,200 rubles, and if together with the window structure, then from 8,100 to 8,700 rubles.
K11	This element also has a doorway with dimensions of 200x80 centimeters. The dimensions of the module itself correspond to 250x205 centimeters. The price is again 5,200 rubles, if together with the door, then 23,900 rubles.
K13	We apologize for missing the K12 model, but there is no information about it. But the “thirteen” is made with a window opening and has dimensions of 280x250 centimeters. The dimensions of the window are 155x125 centimeters. Such a module will cost no less than 6,600 rubles, and if in tandem with a window structure, then up to 14,100 rubles (if the window is factory installed).
K14	A similar module, but its window opening is made in the form of an arch. In general, the dimensions of the product are the same as those of the previous module, but the cost is 6,900 rubles (or 13,900 - 14,500 rubles if together with a window).
K15	The key characteristics are almost the same as those of the K7 module. As for the cost, in this case it is 6,600 rubles or 13,500 - 14,100 rubles.
K16	A model with an arched window opening and dimensions similar to the previous module. The approximate cost is 6,200 rubles, together with the window structure - from 13,200 to 13,800 rubles.

As you can see, the types and dimensions of modules made from SIP panels for building a house are different, and the cost varies significantly. Nevertheless, there is plenty to choose from, and we will talk about what to look for when choosing this kind of building materials in the next paragraph of the article.

Choosing SIP panels correctly: how to distinguish high-quality products from low-quality ones?

To be honest, using the word “poor quality” is not entirely correct, since even the cheapest panels deserve their place on the market, but they should only be used for various utility structures. In addition, such structures need to be protected special types finishing.

Let's try to find out what signs can be used to distinguish low-quality material.

1. If the dimensions of the sip panels differ from the standard ones for Russia (that is, those described above) and are, for example, 122x244 centimeters, then this product was apparently made from Canadian OSB board, which in its technical characteristics is significantly inferior to OSB- 3, used for really good sandwich panels.
2. You can also smell sections of each layer separately. If you smell a strong odor, be wary, because established standards These materials exclude the release of substances harmful to the human body.
3. Visually inspect the SIP panels themselves. There should be no bark inclusions on them, and the loose structure should also be alarming - you should not buy such products for your home, even if their cost is more than attractive. By the way, if the cost of a particular product is noticeably lower than that of competing manufacturers, try to find out what the reason is.
4. Experiment with the styrofoam scrap you just sniffed. Try setting fire to this material. In accordance with GOST, it must extinguish a maximum of 4 seconds after ignition. In reality, polystyrene foam usually extinguishes almost instantly (one or two seconds) after the flame is removed from it. Moreover, there should also be no smoking or strong odors.
5. Before buying sip panels, go to where they sell expanded polystyrene and find out what high-quality PSB-S-25 feels like. Next, when choosing panels, compare both sensations. And if you suspect that the material in the panels is softer than what you tried earlier, then its density, most likely, is less than 15 kilograms per cubic meter. And this, if you don’t know, is minimal permissible norm for brand 25.

If you follow all these tips, you will save yourself from buying low-quality panels to build your own home.

If you are planning to build a house yourself using the material described, we will only support you and give you a few useful recommendations who will help in such a difficult matter.

Important information about SIP panels

Frank Lloyd Wright, a gifted engineer from the United States, sought to design a house in which the costs of lighting, heating and air conditioning would be minimal. As a result, in the thirties of the last century, a composite panel with a honeycomb-type filler was invented. Of course, such panels had their drawbacks, but they were inexpensive, safe and very light. The idea was picked up by American manufacturers of building materials, and they soon significantly simplified production technology and began to produce SIP panels in series.

What is a modern SIP panel? Essentially, this is a sandwich panel that is used in the construction of frame objects. The acronym stands for Structural Insulating Panels. The products consist of three layers - OSB sheets on the outside and an insulating layer in the middle between them. Such panels can easily withstand very serious loads, and thanks to them, high-quality thermal insulation is ensured. Today, this technology is widely used in the construction of facilities (both residential and industrial) throughout the planet.

Note! Approximately 4/5 of all American, Canadian and European houses were built using SIP panels.

For the production of laminated panels can be used various materials(sheets can be made of asbestos, aluminum, steel), but in most cases the abbreviation “SIP” indicates that the outer layers are made of wood materials.

In particular, such materials include:

• fiberboards;
• plywood;
• drywall;
• and finally, gypsum fiber.

As for the internal, that is, insulating layer, it is usually made from:

• polystyrene foam;
• mineral wool;
• polyurethane foam;
• formaldehyde foam.

To fix the ideal geometry, the products contain a middle layer, which ensures rigid fixation of the lining elements and strengthens the entire structure.

We have previously talked about how to build a house from SIP panels yourself, but not everyone has this kind of opportunity or desire. Despite the fact that there are many “horror stories” circulating about houses made from such panels (and we simply must refute them), the volume of their segment in the domestic construction services market is increasing every year. Consequently, more and more new companies are appearing that can not only offer installation services frame house, but also to produce ready-made house kits or, as an option, SIP panels with medium dimensions.

We intend to understand all this diversity, as well as familiarize ourselves with the varieties and key characteristics of the panels described in this article.

What tools are used to cut SIP panels?

To work with such panels, you should first of all take care of high-quality measuring tools, including long and even slats. This is explained mainly by the need to finely mark each side of the panel, since it is unlikely that you will be able to acquire equipment that allows you to cut the entire thickness of the element at once.

Let's take a look at the minimum list of tools required for the job. Whether this work will be manual or mechanized depends on you. So, in order to cut OSB, you must prepare a jigsaw, an angle grinder, or disk circular. As a last resort, you can use hand saw, however, keeping it perpendicular is extremely problematic due to the heterogeneity of the material, so we do not recommend this method.

The process of constructing buildings from the described panels is shown in the video below. That's all, good luck and warm winters!

Video - How to build a house using SIP technology

Sip panels are used in the construction of buildings with a small number of floors and premises for domestic, public and residential purposes. For example, most often cafes, garages, shopping stores, change houses or warehouses are built from SIP panels. Knowing the dimensions of SIP panels, you can calculate the material consumption during construction.

Panel classification

Sip panels are a large-sized flat element with a width and length significantly greater than the thickness. In other words, a sip panel is thin slab made of wood. Its difference from its “brothers” is that the outer plate protrudes from the end by about 5 cm, representing a groove on the entire end. This design is simply necessary for the correct and reliable fixation of the panel on the strapping beams during the construction of walls, roofs or ceilings. Please note that the sizes of SIP panels vary, but there is also the most popular one, that is, the basic one (in millimeters):

• width from 625 to 1250,
• length 2500 to 2800,
• thickness is usually standard - 110, 120, 170, 200, 220, 270.

Panels with a thickness of up to 120-124 mm are usually used in buildings with one floor or for internal partitions. If the thickness is more than 124 mm, then they are usually used for floors between floors, floors, external walls, roofs, partitions.

It is worth noting that there are different sizes of SIP panels, depending on the purpose, i.e. roofing, wall or ceilings.

Typically, panels are used for floors or roofing, the width of which is equal to half the standard size - 600 or 625 mm.

Panel characteristics

When choosing sip panels for building a house, you need to know not only about the sizes of these panels, but also about some of their most important characteristics, including strength, weight, etc. Let's take a closer look at them.

The thermal conductivity of the slab is measured in VT/(m *0 C) and varies depending on their filler:

• urethane (polyurethane foam) – 0.028,
• mineral wool – 0.047-0.07,
• polystyrene foam - 0.037-0.04.

Naturally, the harsher the weather conditions, the less thermally conductive the sip slab should be.

It is necessary to pay attention to the strength, measured in kgf/cm 2. The strength of the panel is manifested in the reliability and strength of adhesion of the outer layers:

• with shift – 1.2 or 1.5,
• when pulled off evenly - 1.5 or 1.8.

It is worth noting that SIP panels can withstand a vertical load of up to a maximum of 10 tons, and a transverse load of up to two tons per square meter, and when building cottages, about 350 kg will be quite enough.

Volumetric weight, expressed in kg per cubic meter, can usually range from 25 and 35 to 50 kilograms. Please note that the panels are made from polystyrene foam, which can withstand heavy loads.

An important advantage of the panels is that they do not shrink, which means that after completing the assembly of the walls, you can immediately begin the interior or.

As for various diseases, sip panels are not afraid of mold, insects and fungus, and all because the composition OSB boards wax emulsion included.

Many are also interested in sound insulation and moisture absorption. So, we will please you, per day, PSB board absorbs from 0.5 to 2.1%, and OSB-3 board absorbs up to 12% of moisture. Sound insulation is also decent - if you use polystyrene, the weight of which, for example, is 25 kg per cubic meter, then it is not afraid of sound up to 44 dB with a panel thickness of 148 mm, and if the panel thickness is 188 mm, then up to 56 dB. As you can see, everything here directly depends on the size of the SIP panels.

You should also pay attention to whether SIP panels are resistant to fire. Do not believe those who say that the material does not burn at all, because this is not true. Even if it is impregnated with specialized compounds, it still will not help. SIP panels have a third degree of fire resistance, that is, they can contain fire for an hour, which means they are classified as low-flammable materials.

You also need to pay attention to what the maximum number of floors in construction is when using these panels. Everything, of course, depends on the size of the SIP panels, but a maximum of two floors and an attic can be built.

Disadvantages of SIP panels

When using SIP panels, it is necessary to have a ventilation system, because they practically do not allow air to pass through, while at the same time allowing a large percentage of moisture to pass through. It is still unknown how durable, environmentally friendly and durable they are.

In addition, there are some problems with delivery. The panels are best transported in their packaged form on a hard, clean and dry surface. Although there are advantages to this, they can be transported in a closed container or truck and not packaged, but it is important that the area is not damp or dirty.

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