Bosch power tools are different from other companies. Choosing a tool: professional or amateur

Without high-quality and functional power tools, it is difficult to imagine both a professional builder and home handyman. Both require reliable equipment, despite the fact that the purposes and frequency of use of the tool will be different. But how can you understand how one hammer drill, for example, differs from another if they have the same parameters, but the price varies? It's all about the manufacturer's name and reputation. When it comes to important repair work, the quality of the equipment comes first, because it is important that the equipment does not fail at the most important moment. Let's try to understand the colorful market of power tools and get to know its main players, and we recommend making a purchase in a trusted store mastershop.rf, which offers a huge range of equipment for both experienced professionals and beginners. You can choose an option to suit any budget, and qualified staff will advise and help. However, it still doesn’t hurt to understand the issue at least a little, so we suggest highlight the best manufacturers of power tools.

Makita

Large Japanese company, whose products are sold in almost all countries of the world. The manufacturer dates back to 1915, but has been producing power tools since 1958. Since then, the company has built several new factories. Today their number has reached 8: production capacity are not only in Japan, but also in Europe and China. Needless to say that the equipment of the factories is the most modern?

Makita produces screwdrivers, hammer drills, drills, milling cutters, grinders, saws, planes, jackhammers, wall chasers, impact wrenches and other equipment - all in a decent range, so it’s not difficult to choose the tool that best suits your requirements. The choice is constantly expanding, the company is introducing new solutions, improving the entire range of equipment and striving for maximum product ergonomics.

Experts call the Makita tool the best option for personal use, as it combines highest quality and reasonable price. There is a separate product line for professionals. Each piece of equipment is designed and manufactured with a large margin of safety from high-quality durable materials, so the technology has served faithfully for years.

Bosch

It is difficult to find a person who has not heard of Bosch technology. German company has become synonymous with quality, no matter how banal and pathetic it may sound. The huge concern produces various types of products, but they pay almost the closest attention to power tools. The manufacturer's factories operate in Europe, China and Russia, representative offices are open almost all over the world - in 150 countries.

The range of power tools is huge, and describing it is simply pointless. They produce absolutely all the equipment you might need. to a professional master or an amateur in carrying out repair and construction work: drills, hammer drills, mixers, tools for working wood and metal - the company produces a huge amount of equipment with different functionality and capabilities. The pricing policy is approximately the same as Makita.

A nice feature of the brand is that there shouldn’t be any problems with selection. The company tries to pay attention to detail and invests substantial sums in Scientific research and new developments, which allowed it to take a leading position in the global power tool market.

Metabo

German The manufacturer Metabowerke GmbH will soon celebrate its centenary in the power tool market. Its history begins in 1924. Almost immediately, the manufacturer began manufacturing hand tools, then switched to power tools and made many important discoveries and inventions in this domain. It was here that the first electric drill was created, the first scraping machine, the first impact drill. Since then, the company has not ceased to reform the power tool market with its innovative solutions. In fact, we owe the manufacturer inventions that are used today all over the world. Until now, huge amounts of money have been invested in scientific research, and the company is constantly announcing new solutions. In 2015, the manufacturer became part of the Hitachi Koki Co. concern, but this did not affect the company’s policy.

Today the company produces a lot of different power tools, trying to take a comprehensive approach to construction and repair. A huge range of products is produced here, it is worth mentioning separately wide selection of consumables. It is impossible to say that the prices are affordable, but the company’s products cannot be called too expensive either.

The manufacturer understands that durability and resistance to heavy loads depend on the reliability of each element of the tool, so especially critical parts are made from reinforced components, some models receive additional protection from premature wear. All this ensures high durability for both household and professional tools.

DeWalt

There are also decent manufacturers of power tools overseas, and the main one is DeWalt. The history of the enterprise began in 1922 with the invention of the radial console saw, which was able to significantly increase productivity in woodworking. Since then, the company’s name has been inextricably linked with innovation, and the list of developments and inventions of the manufacturer can be long.

The company's factories are located in the USA, Canada, countries South America, Europe, and also in China. The range of electrical equipment includes more than three hundred items and includes various models drills, jigsaws, planes, hair dryers, polishing machines, jigsaws and jackhammers. On the market professional power tools DeWalt is the number one brand in North America. IN Lately tool sales have also increased sharply in Europe, and experts recognize the company one of the fastest growing in its field.

The product quality is the highest, and thanks to a thoughtful design and the introduction of our own developments, the tool is convenient and durable. With this, no repairs are scary! You have to pay for overseas quality – the company’s products cost more than similar ones from the already listed competitors, and not the entire range is represented on the domestic market.

AEG

Power tools under the AEG brand are known even to those who repair work does it maximum once a year. It all started in Germany in 1883 with the production of light bulbs, and later the young company actively responded to the development of industry in the country, and already in 1898 introduced first compact drill. Within a few years, the manufacturer’s products conquered many countries. The company later introduced the first drill with a pistol-like handle, a form factor that is still popular today. This was followed by variable-speed, double-insulated drills, the first rotary hammers and straight grinders. The company became one of the pioneers in the world of cordless power tools.

The manufacturer has always focused on continuous development innovative technologies. Also great value they have always paid attention to the design and ergonomics of the tool, and even at the beginning of the last century, designers were invited to work on the development of new equipment. The company's factories have always been a model of innovation, both inside (the most modern equipment), and outside (futuristic design).

Today, under the AEG brand, tools for drilling and chiselling, wood and metal work, fasteners, and various auxiliary equipment and accessories. After the Swiss company Atlas Copco bought the company, it sold the part of it that produces power tools, so today the facilities belong to the Chinese from Techtronic Industries. Part of the production was moved to China to a modern plant, and rotary hammers are still produced in Germany, but this is all lyrics - the main thing is that the quality and approaches to production have not changed. The AEG tool is durable and practically indestructible.

Hilti

Another large and proven player in the power tool market. The history of the enterprise began in 1941 in Liechtenstein, then it was a small family company that produced lighters and car parts, but soon there was a reorientation, and in 1950 they began to produce hand tool. The first gunpowder test was made here mounting gun, improved the design of the rotary hammer and still continue to work hard in the direction of innovation, and the concern includes several research institutes.

Hilti is considered one of the largest and most reliable manufacturers of professional power tools in the world. Representative offices operate in 120 countries, and in 1993 the manufacturer opened a subsidiary in Russia. Today it is engaged in direct sales of Hilti tools.

The manufacturer produces a wide range of hammer drills, drills, screwdrivers, sawing and cutting equipment, as well as Consumables. Several factories operate on different continents, the products have received a lot of prestigious awards and worldwide recognition. The quality is high, but the prices are appropriate.

HITACHI

Large Japanese company with a name recognizable in dozens of countries, began its activities in 1910 with the production of electric motors. Later, the manufacturer began working in the field of household and computer equipment, made developments for trains, and in 1974 they designed the first drill with a microprocessor. Since then, the company has opened another branch of activity - the production of power tools.

The concern today includes many subsidiaries, production sites and representative offices. Modern factories produce, among other things, hammer drills, grinders, circular saws, drills, jackhammers and dozens of other products.

The company's tool is distinguished enough high quality, thoughtful design, wide range and reasonable price, and the combination of these advantages ensured a high level of sales of HITACHI tools all over the world.

Black & Decker

The company was founded in 1916 in USA, and during its existence it has managed to introduce a lot of new technologies and solutions. Today, the manufacturer is considered one of the largest on its continent and in the world in the field of manufacturing power tools; its products are represented and actively sold in hundreds of countries. The company's first important achievement was the mass production of home drills; no one had done this before. After this, the manufacturer developed a comfortable handle and switch for the entire range of power tools, and then was the first in the world to introduce a portable electric drill for household use. Year after year, the product range expanded, it became more and more advanced and productive.

Today, the company still takes a responsible approach to production and development. The product range is able to satisfy any wishes and needs of customers. The manufacturer creates drills, hammer drills, screwdrivers, saws, woodworking tools, grinding machines and multifunctional tools – all on top level.

If the question arises as to which tools are now the most in demand, then the answer may be clear. Corded electric drills have become the most commonly used. In order to be convinced of this, it is enough to visit several stores that provide dozens of options for models for sale. But how to choose a drill yourself?

Variations of another type of technical device are more modest. There should be no surprise, since drills are universal remedies, used in every home. With the help of such devices you can drill brick, wood, concrete, tighten fasteners and stir mortars. That is why we can conclude that the drill can be used anywhere and at any time.

It is important to know that with the help of such wonderful modern devices you can carry out grinding work of any complexity. In this matter, it is advisable to contact professionals or consultants in stores.

The difference between rotary hammers and drills

Before choosing a drill and settling on a specific type, some begin to doubt whether they need more: a drill or a hammer drill. That is why it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the differences and similarities of these devices for work.

Many of today's construction equipment manufacturers provide impact drill types. With the help of such devices it is possible to perform such work as:

• production of holes of various diameters in materials of different production;
• turning screws;
• turning out self-tapping screws.

Hammer drills have the ability to drill holes in harder material and chisel if necessary.

Based on such similar performance characteristics, we can conclude that a rotary hammer is much more profitable than a drill, but there are also many advantages negative qualities. The main disadvantage is the price. The cost of rotary hammers is many times higher than that of drills. Rotary hammers do not have the ability to attach conventional drills, which are often needed for work and repair. In such cases, you have to resort to using adapters, which can be found in the standard package when purchasing this device. The use of an adapter significantly increases the length of the hammer drill, which can also create additional vibration, which affects the durability of the equipment and ease of use. The exception is those hammer drills that come complete with replaceable cartridges. But in cases where the maximum amount of work using the drilling function is not needed, you can choose an impact drill.

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Separation of tools into household and professional types

Each technical device divided into household and professional use. Professional devices are needed in order to perform many hours of voluminous work every day. To create such equipment, high-quality material is used, and at a much higher level than for household appliances, which, accordingly, affects its reliability.

Household tools have their advantages in that they cost much less and weigh less. Among manufacturers there are many who focus specifically on ergonomics and convenience, which is very important for work. Household tools should not be used for more than 4 hours a day, and it is advisable to take a break every 15-20 minutes (to cool the engine).

The difference between professional power tools is that they are manufactured in more developed countries, where employees are allowed to work only with high categories and professionalism at the highest level. Regarding professional equipment, it is worth saying that household power tools and their production lie in less developed areas.

It is important to note that the best professional electric drills and hammer drills are created in Germany.

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What is the difference between professional tools and household ones?

To make it easier for customers to navigate the choice of tools, manufacturers began to mark equipment cases different colors and shades.

The main requirements by which one can distinguish household appliance from a professional, it is considered the choice of rated power, number of revolutions and rotation speed, the possibility of a maximum diameter for drilling. An equally important point is the adjustment of rotation speeds. Almost every modern device there is a similar function. It is worth noting that the rotation speeds can be controlled by force when pressing the start button.

Two-speed electric drills have significant characteristics. In order to use them more rationally, manufacturers have equipped the devices with a wheel (or another regulator), with which you can fix the power in the desired mode.

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How to choose the right electric drill?

To begin with, it is worth making a certain choice of what the power tool is needed for and what functional responsibilities are needed. The difference between the functions that may be built-in or not needed at all may depend on what the purchased drill is intended for. External data and the price of equipment can play a big role.

If there is no specific need, you do not need to buy an electric drill, which comes with unnecessary attachments, such as a plane, a grinder, Circular Saw and so on. The presence of an excessive number of built-in functions can affect the quality of the device.

The best option is to use a drill strictly for its intended purpose. For example, a screwdriver should only be used to tighten fasteners on parts. Stop purchasing equipment with many built-in functions if they are all needed for the job and make up approximately 30% of the total volume of actions performed.

Buy drills for home use preferably in those stores that specialize in selling power tools and can provide a certain number of guarantees. According to statistics, those devices that are purchased on the markets fail almost immediately.

It is advisable to use those devices that do not include absolutely everything that may be required. It is much safer to select everything separately.

Among drills, there are varieties with certain features that should be taken into account when purchasing:

1. Impact drills. Such tools are used not only for rotational motion, but can also provide certain forward pressure actions that are needed in order to increase productivity and expand the range of work. When working with fragile materials such as wood, plastic and drywall, the impact functions are disabled.
2. Angle drills. Such tools are needed to work with hard to reach places and limited space. For example, when drilling surfaces with angles of 90°. As a rule, such devices are used to work on car repairs, furniture, and so on.
3. Drill-driver. With the help of such a device it is possible to tighten and unscrew screws, screws and self-tapping screws. Basically, such devices have low power and a very compact size. Screwdrivers are used for everyday life, namely for furniture assembly, arranging scenery and so on.
4. Drill mixer. In addition to the fact that such an electric drill has a drilling function, it has a function designed to stir fluid and liquid materials: mortars, paints, plaster and cement. As a rule, this type of drill does not have an impact function; there is an additional handle for attaching attachments.
5. Cordless drill. You need to pay most of your attention to power sources. There are two types of drill. Some run on mains power, while others run on a battery (or battery in other words). Autonomous power supply is considered very useful where it is not possible to connect to the network. The disadvantages of such devices are that the duration of use is very short. That is why you have to change the batteries that come with it very often.

It’s worth choosing a drill with the right chuck, of which there are different types.

The use of a traditional chuck (or cam chuck) is done quite often. Fastening in it is done strictly using the keys that come with the kit.

There is a type of quick-release chuck. To secure the drill in in this case, you need to put in a little effort. The quality of such a cartridge is not inferior to a toothed one. But in this version there are two more subtypes: two-sleeve and single-sleeve. The first has a rotating ring and another one above it so that the clamp can be adjusted and loosened as required. Single-sleeve chucks are considered the easiest to use and are used when replacing drills.

Many hardware stores that sell construction tools, offer a wide range. Many buyers have a reasonable question: how does a professional tool differ from a household tool? After all, it is worth noting that in terms of their main purpose, appearance and capabilities, professional and household tools are actually no different. As a standard, vibrating plates are tamped, a saw is cut, a screwdriver is screwed, etc. If you follow all the rules, then professional and household tools will perform the assigned tasks equally well. But what is the difference?

Household tool

Often, household tools are used only for occasional work in the country, around the house or in the garage. For example, a grinder is used when you need to cut a piece of metal, a drill to hang a donated picture, hang a shelf, secure a cornice, etc. When a tool is used so rarely, then the performance of the tool does not matter at all, here the price comes to the fore, and manufacturers produce such a tool at a very reasonable cost. A similar tool goes on sale in a regular box and is extremely rarely included. additional accessories to expand the range of work.

The professional type tool is designed for 24/7 use. Such a tool is ready to perform the tasks assigned to it 24 hours a day. For example, on a construction site it is used not only for drilling holes in metal, wood, concrete, ceramic tiles, but also for mixing solutions when laying tiles or installing floor screed. Some Heavy Duty models can even perform the unusual job of screwing screws. A special sanding attachment makes it possible to grind metal, wood and other materials.

In this case, the performance of the tool is of significant importance, therefore, such tools, which are offered by Milwaukee, Wacker Neuson, etc., have a large reserve of power and performance relative to household tools. Often, such a tool has a more reliable design, which uses wear-resistant materials. All solutions that developers use when creating such a tool are aimed at increasing reliability, ergonomics, convenience and reducing worker fatigue. This tool allows you to use it equally comfortably with both left and right hands.

A professional tool with electric drive equipped with a longer and frost-resistant electrical cord. On average 2-3 meters longer than in household models. Industrial grade tool in mandatory It is equipped with additional devices for more efficient performance of work. Eg, electric plane may include devices for selecting quarters, and a tool for cutting slats.

A similar tool is supplied in a special shock-resistant suitcase, so it can be moved from site to site without any problems, which is important for construction companies. Suitcase - Box Milwaukee is practical and suitable for carrying both the tool itself and various accessories, and is not afraid of falls and shocks. The cordless professional tool is equipped with pulse chargers, which reduces charging time to forty minutes. Moreover, it is possible not only to charge the battery, but also to work in charge saving mode.

Where can I buy Milwaukee industrial tools on favorable terms?

If you want construction equipment from the world's famous brands Milwaukee (Milwaukee), Euroboor, (Euroboor), Wacker Neuson (Wakker Neuson), Kaeser (Kaiser compressors) on favorable terms, then the online power tool store "Instrument - 24" is exactly that the option that you have been looking for for so long. We offer a wide range of products from trusted manufacturers who offer professional-type tools and equipment. The quality of the equipment has been confirmed by time and by many construction companies around the world.

During our activity, we have managed to establish partnerships with many manufacturers directly, which has a positive effect on pricing - there is no intermediary markup. If you have any difficulties during the selection process, our experienced manager-consultant with extensive work experience will come to the rescue. The quality of each instrument is confirmed by appropriate certificates.

Every man has at least a minimal set of power tools at home or in his garage. Most often it includes a hammer drill and grinder, an electric drill and a screwdriver, a jigsaw, etc.

If you need to update an existing one, or make an initial purchase of a tool, then a non-professional may have a problem with the choice, because... The market offers a wide range of models from dozens of different manufacturers. Help such buyers make right choice is what this article is intended to do.

Industrial power tools

As a rule, craftsmen are individuals and do not use industrial tools due to their narrow specialization and very high cost. It is advisable to purchase it exclusively for industrial enterprises, or use in construction. Only here it is possible to recoup its value with high dividends.

The following power tool manufacturers are the undisputed leaders in this segment:

Professional power tools

In the mentioned market segment of this product, a tool is presented that was initially designed to perform a limited number of available operations, which, as a rule, does not exceed three. But with the highest quality.

This tool is characterized by a significant resource and power, exceeding the value of a similar parameter for semi-professional and household tools. Professional models are more reliable, have increased wear resistance and are characterized by increased strength indicators (the body material is more resistant to mechanical loads, including shock).

They allow you to work in continuous mode for much longer than is permissible for household tools. In this case, damage to the armature, windings, brushes and other internal elements the structure does not occur.

Instruments belonging to the group under consideration must have a mechanical or electronic adjustment allowing:

• smoothly change power;
• exclude sudden jerks during the work process at the start-up stage and during fixation;
• smoothly adjust the specified rotation speed;
• stabilize it as loads increase;
• protect the product from overload, automatically turning off when the specified values ​​are reached;
• set max torque.

This group includes the following brands:

Characteristic distinctive feature instruments belonging to the group under consideration is their Blue colour. All German instruments from this brand are reliable and affordable. That is why they are preferred quite often;

Household power tools

The tools presented in this market segment are produced exclusively for home use. Many models are made using a special ergonomic design, which gives them additional visual appeal, and are focused on greater versatility and ease of use.

The main disadvantage of this category of tool is the prohibition on their continuous use for more than 3 – 4 hours a day. Moreover, during this time it is recommended to take at least three breaks lasting up to 15 minutes (within an hour).

The main advantage is cost. Therefore, in cases where occasional use of the tool is planned, this is the best option.

Let's consider several major manufacturers of power tools of the mentioned class that are worthy of mention:

Mains or battery, what to choose

All offered power tools are divided into two groups. The first includes products that require an external power source. They are called network.

The second includes a tool that allows you to work regardless of the presence or absence of a network, which is powered by own battery. This tool is called a battery tool. This tool is characterized by ease of use, lightness and versatility.

The division mentioned applies to an instrument from any segment discussed earlier.

The advantages of network models are their power and increased reliability. But there are many situations. When performing work without using a cordless tool is almost impossible.

This tool is better suited for work that requires frequent movement. Battery products are indispensable in explosive and fire hazardous areas.

The disadvantages inherent in such a tool are the periodic need for recharging, the significant cost of batteries and lower power ratings.

Russian manufacturers

On the shelves of specialized stores, a significant part of the power tools offered have Russian names. But, unfortunately, this does not always indicate that these goods were made in Russia.

Most of these products can be classified into two groups, which can roughly be called:

• Pseudo-Russian (a Chinese-made instrument from an unknown manufacturer, but under a Russian name);
• Assembled using the “screwdriver assembly” method on the territory of our country, but from the same Chinese (optionally from other) components of unknown origin.

And only a third of such power tools are actually developed and completely manufactured here.

Leading Russian manufacturers offering on the market own products, are:

• IMZ (Izhevsk) is a huge diversified production facility that produces weapons and microelectronics, devices for various purposes and a wide range of power tools. The products on the market are represented by the Baikal trademark (passed international registration);
• "Interskol", mentioned above. produces a wide range of power tools, but partly from imported components. The company owns a number of factories located in different parts of the world:
  • BEZ – Russia;
  • IPT – Italy;
  • Two factories in China (in the cities of Jinghau and Shanghai).

Some of the products of this manufacturer are manufactured at partner enterprises, such as:

• IMZ - Russia;
• GGP - Slovakia;
• Starmix - Germany;
• Sparky - Bulgaria;
• Rexon - Taiwan;
• Keyang - South Korea and so on.

• OJSC PNPK (Perm) – power tools are a by-product of this company;
• KZMI (Konakovo) - Production is carried out using imported equipment. The model range includes about twenty items of power tools and pneumatic tools. The drills of this plant are considered one of the best among those produced in Russia. And the screwdrivers of this plant have no analogues among Russian-made products;
• EMZS "LEPSE" (JSC) Kirov produces electric shears, electric hammers and angle grinders;
• SEZ (Saratov);
• "Inkar-Parma" (LLC) - electric saw plant.

Power tools manufactured in Southeast Asian countries today account for up to half of the assortment that fills Russian shelves. This tool is offered in the lowest price category and can be presented to customers as products manufactured in the USA, Europe and even Russia. Many people know examples of the latter symbiosis. These are the brands of power tools:

• "Bison";
• "Caliber";
• "Energomash";
• “Progress – Tool”;
• "Resource";
• "Diopd";
• "Stavr";
• "Enkor";
• "Grad - M", etc.

What does the term “professional” mean in this case? The most direct and correct interpretation- intended for work on a commercial basis, that is, generating income for the master. The popular point of view that the differences between a professional instrument and a “household” (amateur) one are only in the level of manufacturing, to put it mildly, is incorrect. This means that it is impossible to determine the difference by technological features alone.

Editorial PM

There is an opinion that a professional tool differs from a “household” one only in the level of manufacturing. This is, to put it mildly, incorrect.

All aspects are equally important here: the ability to withstand intensive use, provide low fatigue, high precision and productivity, as well as payback. The last factor combines the ratio of initial cost and resource, availability and cost of maintenance, and reliability.

Nutrition

The second most popular tool after a hammer is a drill. A machine whose operating principle is extremely simple. All that is required is an easy-to-grip body and a motor to rotate the drill clamped in the chuck. Is it possible to complicate things here? It turns out that it is possible and even necessary. Let's start with the fact that different materials require different speeds of rotation of the equipment, and the “drill” itself determines the speed. So, with an increase in the diameter of the hole being made, it is necessary to reduce the “revolutions”. Here's the reason for the first complication: the rotation speed needs to be adjusted. An electronic unit built into the start button or separate from it is responsible for this. An extremely simple case is simple modulation of the input signal over time, that is, regular on/off. The effective voltage value changes, and with it the maximum engine speed.

This is exactly how a typical diagram for an amateur drill works. Its main disadvantage is that by reducing the frequency, we inevitably lose the torque reserve that is so necessary when working with viscous materials and/or large equipment. Now, if the “block” monitored the load and added watts at the moment when they were needed... This is exactly how circuits at the next level of complexity, worthy of a professional tool, function. Of course, the speed will still “float” depending on the load, but not within such a wide range. Work will become more comfortable, more accurate and more productive.

The next level in the hierarchy belongs to “constant” electronics. Few tool brands have it, including Bosch, DeWALT, AEG and other leading companies. The electronic board in such tools is equipped with an inductive or other magnetic sensor and monitors the rotation of the armature. In this case, the stability of the move will be greatest, and the entire power reserve is always available.

It’s worth saying a few words about the design. Relatively simple circuits often performed directly in the trigger body; more complex ones require a separate board. A manufacturer of household models can afford to protect it from oxidation with varnish and from destruction by attaching the heaviest parts with hot glue. All this is not very reliable; the best option, long ago accepted as a basis by serious enterprises, is complete filling with a polymer composition.

In the age of computers and microprocessors, it would be extremely short-sighted to assign such narrow functions to electronics. What else might be needed? Without going into details, we will simply list other options that have found application in drills: temperature control of the windings and forced shutdown to avoid overheating, limitation of the torque developed by the motor, pulse rotation mode, indication of overload and the need for maintenance - this is a list of just a few popular modifications.

Motor

The power supply for a “professional” motor is understandable. Now about the “heart” itself. They all have the same design - a commutator electric motor, but the execution is different. The efficiency, and hence the heating, depends on the size and uniformity of the magnetic gap (between the armature and the stator). A low-quality motor overheats quickly. If it does not “burn out” immediately, the increased thermal load quickly destroys the wire insulation in the coils, interturn short circuits appear, the destruction process progresses... But what prevents you from maintaining accuracy? This includes equipment, assembly culture and, of course, hull rigidity. By the way, the type (in fact, the cost) of the insulating varnish and hardening impregnation used also determines a lot - this is resistance to overheating and abrasive wear from sucked dust.

The next problem that requires high technological costs is mechanics. On Idling the rotor develops colossal speeds - 20-30 thousand per minute. Not every bearing can withstand this. Required condition ensuring reliability - using high-quality components, but this is not enough, it is important good protection from dust and tight fit. It is best if the front bearing is seated in the metal of the gearbox housing or, if it is not separate, in its metal shield. Household models often have neither a body nor a shield...

The rear support for all models is usually plastic. On high-quality machines there is a rubber bushing between the clip and the “bed”. If it is not there, there is a high risk of the entire bearing turning, which means immediate melting of the seating area and failure of the tool. Note that simply the absence or presence of a rubber ring does not mean much - on a household tool it may not be durable enough, but on a professional one it can be replaced with another modification, for example a clamp.

Another challenge associated with turnover is balancing. Manufacturers of only household tools often do not have the equipment to accurately correct imbalances. A typical feature of products from such a plant is holes drilled in the armature cage. But if instead of them there are neat slots, it means the technology is up to par.

Gearbox

Rotation received next stage- its transfer to the cartridge. The drive gear teeth are always cut on the front shank of the armature shaft. If its metal is of the wrong grade or poorly heat-treated, rapid wear is inevitable. For the same reason, sudden “death” can occur - when a thick drill jams, the soft shaft can lead. Such a defect is atypical for a high-quality household tool, and even more so for a professional one.

If the drill is highly specialized, it has one pair of wheels in the gearbox; if it is universal, it has several. “Synchronizers” are responsible for the smoothness and accuracy of gear shifting; their task is to align the teeth of the pair being switched on, even if they do not match. For professional drills, their presence is the rule; for household ones, it is rather the exception.

In the gearbox, the torque increases many times, and the loads also increase. This is one of the reasons why a professional drill needs a strong and rigid gear housing. The best option is metal: it also provides good heat dissipation. But such a box is heavy, so professional models often use a plastic case. The external resemblance to a household machine is so great that one is tempted to wonder: is there a difference? Yes, and a very significant one!

In addition to internal reinforcing elements (cast metal panels) professional models there are other secrets. The worst case is considered to be a case made of thin and smooth (shiny) plastic. The mirror-like cleanliness of the surface indicates that no filler was used - fiberglass. It makes molding difficult and worsens appearance. Some manufacturers solve this problem by increasing the binder content. This increases strength, but manufacturing accuracy suffers. Of course, the clumsy appearance is not so bad, but loose joints are already a serious flaw... Some of the famous companies also use original compositions, achieving unique qualities. For example, DeWALT makes models with glass-filled nylon bodies - they are strong, rigid and non-fragile.

Many household models have a gearbox with a metal housing. Maybe this equates them to professionals? Unfortunately no. It is important not only to make the casting, but also to process it well - uneven planes require thick gaskets that reduce rigidity, but this does not make the body airtight. And in professional models there are gearboxes assembled without gaskets or sealants at all, and the joints “don’t sweat” (I’ve seen this on Bosch models).

Gears and lubrication

Gears are mainly made using powder metallurgy methods; in rare cases, teeth are cut on machines. But mechanical processing is mandatory, although in household analogues it is often neglected. At the same time, the abrasion resistance decreases and large gaps are initially created.

Speaking about mechanics, we cannot fail to mention the most important component of durability - lubrication. Her selection is subtle and difficult task, the solution of which depends on the features temperature regime, loads in friction pairs and materials. A high-quality instrument can use compositions with very different external properties. It is clear that competent service is impossible without high-quality service support, but where can you get it if you purchase a product from a fly-by-night company?

“Everything in a person should be beautiful...” The same can be said about the instrument: both the filling and the appearance. Ergonomics depend on the shape, layout and weight distribution. Household models are made according to standard patterns, and companies engaged in the manufacture of products for professionals conduct their own research. This is only to the advantage of the master - you can always choose a car for yourself. At the same time, designers, if necessary, go off the beaten path, creating planetary gearboxes, adding angular gears (AEG ErgoMax), rotary brush holders and other unusual innovations.

Hammers

Close “relatives” of drills are hammer drills. Their fundamental difference is in the design of the impact mechanism - it is compression-vacuum. This type of tool is complex both from a design and technological point of view. As for the drive and power supply, the device and the differences between “amateurs” and “pros” are completely similar to drills.

The most important internal parts of a rotary hammer are the cylinder, its drive and the firing pin. Design complexity - compact placement. Why do most household models have a vertical layout and bulky dimensions? Don’t think that it’s because of the generosity of the manufacturer, who spared no metal to create a “killer” machine... Contrary to this approach, modern professional hammer drills usually so tightly “packed” that disassembling them is impossible without the use of special tools. The result is a convenient and lightweight, yet powerful tool for efficient work. By the way, companies specializing specifically in household tools often neglect the torque limiting clutch, and it is very important for safety!

Engineering work at the design stage is also of utmost importance. Calculation of the dynamics of the impact mechanism gives a strong blow with low recoil. On powerful machines this is not enough, so they install shock-absorbing handles (Milwaukee Kango) or come up with other moves. Pneumatics must be efficient and not suck in outside air (there is a lot of dust!). Lubrication is a completely separate issue: its properties should facilitate rapid access to operating mode and ensure low wear (if there is an excessive amount of lubricant, too much power will be expended).

Rubber seals must retain elasticity for a long time, resisting abrasion and high temperature. The firing pin is susceptible to riveting. Of course, when developing such complex products, innovations from leading companies could not help but appear, for example, the authorship of the worldwide popular types of clamps SDS-Plus and SDS-Max belongs to Bosch.

The lightweight and powerful hammer drill is convenient to use as a low-speed drill. IN household class To implement this possibility, it will be necessary to install an adapter cartridge, which increases the longitudinal dimension and introduces “laxity” into the design. Professionals are able to surprise here too, for example, in the DeWALT D25104K-QS, the clamp for the drill is removable, and a cartridge is installed instead (replacement is done with a slight movement of the hand). A similar system is found in both Bosch (models with the DFR index) and Milwaukee (PLH 32 XE). And here is an example of a different kind - Elmos BM-60: this tool has a two-speed gearbox, the metal body of which is covered with plastic for safety reasons (to protect against burns when touched); The reverse function also allows for screwdriver work.

Cordless tool

However, such giant companies as Bosch, DeWALT and Milwaukee are able to offer absolutely incredible developments in this area: cordless rotary hammers. It is clear that there are no traces of any household analogues here: there are drills and screwdrivers with self-powered, but rotary hammers are much more “gluttonous”. That's why modern models cordless hammer drills have a voltage of 24 or 36 V.

By the way, the differences are easy to judge by traditional models. The first thing you notice when comparing a good professional screwdriver with an amateur one is the difference in torque. Increasing it without reducing output speed (it entails a loss of performance) is impossible with engine modernization alone (relatively simple). Motorists will easily understand the analogy with starting a car - even a working starter can barely turn the engine when the battery is useless.

Naturally, the operating time on one charge is also a subject for comparison. However, it is not the only one that is important - being equipped with spare batteries and fast charger, the “pro” is able to work continuously. To reduce charging time, various technologies are used - battery cases are made metal or perforated (promotes heat dissipation), and “smart” electronics are installed that control the voltage and charge cycle. It was the development of these technologies that allowed the birth of many tools, the autonomy of which was previously unthinkable: construction vacuum cleaner(DeWALT), miter saws, circular saws and other saws (Bosch, DeWALT, Elmos, Milwaukee). There are also simply original ones, even if they don’t require high technology, but clearly not typical: for example, Elmos even makes a cordless stapler and jigsaw.

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