Stages of creating a computer game. How are games created for a computer? Programs for games on the computer

A game designer (game designer) is a game creator in the broad sense of the word. He can be called a game producer, responsible for the game design of the project.

Game designer(game designer, game design) is a game creator in the broad sense of the word. He can be called a game producer, responsible for the game design of the project. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in drawing and computer science (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).

To be a game creator, you need to love and understand games; one must find pleasure in analyzing the game, breaking the game down into its smallest parts and understanding how those parts form the whole.

Any project starts with an IDEA. And in gaming business The brilliant idea and imagination of the game designer are the determining factor. A game designer not only generates some ideas and various features, but also thoroughly thinks through ways to implement them, taking into account the interests of the target audience. The game designer forms the idea of ​​the game into a concept, drawing up a primary concept document in which he clearly states short description gameplay and game features. Based on the concept document, a design document (“design document” in game developer jargon) is created. At the same stage, the issue of project financing is resolved. Then the game designer assembles a team of specialists who will create a game based on the design document. During the game development process, the game designer oversees the team's work to ensure that the technical specifications match the core idea of ​​the game. The design document is adjusted during the work process depending on the suggestions of the developers. The game designer also takes an active part in testing the game.

Thus, a game designer solves the following problems:

• development of the ideological basis of the game;
• drawing up a project concept;
• drafting and editing a design document (“design document”);
• if necessary, adjusting the ideological basis of the game;
• control over the development process in terms of game design;
• participation in the preparation technical specification games.

The computer games industry is developing at a rapid pace. The profession of a game designer is becoming increasingly in demand and highly paid, and in Russia this is due to an acute shortage of qualified game developers.

Features of the profession

IN modern world computer game development is a well-oiled step by step process. There are two types of companies in the gaming business: developer and publisher. It often happens that the developer and publisher are the same. This benefits the game development process: the developer will not have to convince the publisher of the feasibility of the investment .

Steps to creating a typical computer game:

• First stage game development is called Pre-production or preparation for production . It includes drawing up a concept document, selecting funds to implement the project, drawing up a work plan, working with artists to determine the graphic style of the game, and resolving financial issues.
• At the second stage - Pre - alpha - a detailed design document is drawn up and approved, in which the entire game is described in detail. This is the main document that guides all specialists in their work. The work plan is agreed upon with the publishing company. As a rule, all modern games are developed for a specific publisher, who invests their own funds in development. At this stage, the screenwriter is involved in the work.
• Third stage - alpha version - a key stage in creating a game, during which the developers implement the plan and fill the game with content. Game designer leads permanent job with level designers and artists/modellers, ensuring consistency with the concept and ensuring consistency and cohesion art style games. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the details that make the game world alive. At this stage, the current development results are periodically analyzed: a working demo version of the game, the first level. These intermediate results are used in advertising new gaming projects: demo versions are published on gaming websites.
• At the fourth stage which is called beta version , the game should be almost ready and fully functional. The game designer takes an active part in testing and works with the mission designer. Based on the test results at this stage, the necessary changes are made to the game.
• And finally final chord - release (English) release), that is release . After creating, testing and debugging the game, the long-awaited time for its release comes. Interest in this event is strongly fueled by the game publisher through advertising. At this stage the game designer active work doesn't lead.
• The last and inevitable stage is support. Computer games, even after testing and repeated debugging, often come out with errors. Developers leave the opportunity to correct errors in released games by installing patches (from English word "patch"- patch).

Specifics of the work of game creation specialists:

To create a high-quality modern computer game requires more than one year of hard work. Therefore, several production teams work simultaneously to create games, each of which performs work in its own area. In addition to the programmer, representatives of other professions also participate in the creation of a computer game. The programmer is the central link of the entire development.

Engaged in writing game program code, with the help of which game physics and artificial intelligence of the game are implemented. The programmer must have extensive experience in computer science and development.

This is the most creative profession. In some games, such as Myst, the animator plays even more important role than a programmer. An animator is a person with a good imagination, modern thinking and many ideas. At all times, one of the criteria for evaluating a game has been its graphical component. Animators today have in their arsenal the most modern hardware and software(in particular, Motion Capture technology), which makes it possible to record real human movements and then transfer them to game characters.

, musicians, working on the sound design of the game, writing and performing music, reading character texts. Without decent music and quality voice acting, as well as without good graphics, a modern game will not be successful. Musical and sound accompaniment, of course, are not the main thing, but try playing Need For Speed: Underground 2 without sounds and music - much of the charm of this game will disappear.

The game scenario is necessarily present in role-playing and adventure games, as well as in games of mixed genres. But even FPS games require high-quality and interesting texts. This is what screenwriters and directors do.

Game designer is engaged in game design programming, focusing on Special attention storylines, game structure and rules.

Level designers . After programmers, animators, artists, and musicians have completed the main work of creating game characters, game interiors, and sounds, level designers are involved in the work. Even if the game is one large level without any obvious division into parts, the designers have to work a lot to create the game universe.

Game tester searches for various errors and inconsistencies in the game, analyzing the details of the game. Any game must be tested before release.

Pros and cons of the profession

The profession of a game designer is extremely interesting and complex, requiring complete dedication. Emergency jobs and long working hours are normal everyday life. The advantages include demand and high wages.

Place of work

Companies involved in the production of computer games.

Important qualities

• love of games;
• broad outlook;
• rich fantasy;
• good imagination;
• artistic taste;
• objectivity and flexibility of thinking;
• skills of an organizer, analyst, psychologist, player, technical writer;
• perseverance;
• skill to work in team;
• the ability to clearly express one’s thoughts to people of different mindsets (artists and programmers).

Game designer training (education)

Until recently, there were no educational programs in Russia to train specialists in the field of game development. You can take training courses

Salary as of 04/04/2019

Russia 25000—150000 ₽

Moscow 70000—180000 ₽

Career steps and prospects

Game designers can start their careers in hobby projects or as testers. When hiring a candidate for a game designer position, they are given a test task that is unique to each studio. Typically, this is part of the work to be done later. Several days are given to complete the task. After successfully completing the task, the candidate either undergoes an interview or completes an additional test task.

It is advisable for a game designer to have higher education— technical in the field of programming. Game designers with additional useful skills are in high demand on the labor market - drawing, knowledge of programming and scripting languages, 3D modeling.

Famous and great computer game developers:

Tom Hall, John Romero, Paul Jaquais, Tim Willits and Richard Bailey Gray aka Levelord, Jude Adamson, who worked on effects in the films Pig in the City, Stuart Little, The Sixth Day, Cats & Dogs, Harry Potter and Scooby-Doo.

Video on how to become a game designer

In this article... no, rather, not even an article, but a note - I will give some advice to those people who are passionate about the idea of ​​​​creating their own game and are scouring the Internet in search of like-minded people. Stop! Read what is written here and think - are you ready for this?

I had one case, though not here - one cupcake appeared with a call like “we’re making an RPG a la Morrowind/Gothic, we need everything and more.” On this, in fact, helpful information and ended. Well, I think, let me ask, maybe they have something interesting... But it turned out this: at the time of the start of recruiting the team, there was no plot, no approximate work plan, no key points of the game, no website, no well-thought-out game mechanics, I’m generally silent about the art, sketches, models, engine, etc. - despite the fact that at that time the team already included writers, artists, 3-4 programmers and even composers with their own music. in groups. I ask - what is there anyway? Apart from a vague idea, nothing in practice. How are you going to attract new people? There are plenty of exactly the same projects around with a (possibly) interesting idea at their core. As a result, the project organizer was convinced that recruitment for the team should be closed until there is at least something on hand that can interest smart people - because smart people will not bother to “raise virgin soil.”

After about a week of actually working on this “something,” the team scattered in all directions and for the second month now, not a single member even appears on the site due to the declared “restructuring,” which was to be expected.

Here is an example of why people don’t want to go to such projects - the work is in vain. The organizer did not prove the viability of his idea. Now we have smoothly approached the main idea: if you want a team, show me the candy. Or at least a candy wrapper.

If you are...

Screenwriter - spend a month writing a script for at least one sane scene (say, the beginning of a game). The plot is not the same as the script. The scenario looks something like this: A knight carefully enters the cave, holding a torch in his hands, his armor rattling quietly. He takes the sword out of its sheath and moves deeper into the cave. Then suddenly two eyes light up in the darkness ahead, the ground shakes and a terrible Dragon emerges into the light of the torch. The dialogue begins:
(Dragon) - I’ll tell you a riddle, if you don’t answer, I’ll eat you.
(Knight) - Oh no! Since childhood, I have had a hard time with riddles.
(Dragon) - A freight train is moving along the tracks. How old am I if you have a white refrigerator at home?

The plot looks a little different and if it were linear it would look like this:

A knight visits the cave of a terrible dragon and, unable to solve its riddle, ends up being eaten by it. However, as usual, those eaten always have two options Knight... (continued)

Programmer - write the simplest one game engine, at least so that you can walk in it and move the camera. Let there be cubes instead of objects, let there be no shader water in it - all this can be screwed on later. The main thing is for people to see that your programming knowledge does not end with a high school computer science course.

Modeler/animator/artist - it’s even easier here than for everyone else. We show off our work, or better yet, do something specifically for the game. Two or three models/drawings on the theme of the game world will give good weight such an application for a team gathering.

Just an ideological inspirer and a “think tank” for development - show how your brain works. At least a little developed (on the scale of the entire game, and not - there you can swing a sword) gameplay, theses, key points, features of the game, properly written...

In the end, it all really comes down to one simple thought - a potential participant in your project should see with his own eyes that you are ready to spend a sufficient amount of time on him (the project) and will not abandon it in a week (a project in which at least something has been done - then throwing is more difficult than completely empty). And these should not be the words “everything will be tomorrow/the day after tomorrow/in a week,” but, as they say, results in kind.

Well, to catch up - a few tips: check what you write in Word - one annoying mistake (like this one) - and the serous project will become a laughing stock, and you will become a schoolchild. And in your game they will start looking for cows. And perhaps they will find it. Express your thoughts wisely. Design the topic in accordance with the specified template (there is a template somewhere here on the forum... please, send the person a link, otherwise I know that it exists, but I don’t know where exactly ^_^). Be friendly - militants (insert word according to meaning) are not loved anywhere.

The first material in the column is the composition of the mobile game development team. We find out without whom it is impossible to create a mobile game and without whom it is impossible to bring it to users, and experts from Game-Insight, On 5 Games and Piston Games talk about their teams.

Hover over the image for more information

Programmer(s)

A person or several people who will write the program code for the game will actually “create” it.

Game designer

Develops rules, style and design of the game, develops game mechanics. Some believe that his role can be equated to the role of a director in a movie.

Artist

Engaged in creation
characters, textures.

Maxim Donskikh

Vice President for Publishing:
Game Insight

“How many people does it take to develop mobile game? First you need to figure out what kind of game this is. If we are talking about a simple (or even not very simple) arcade, of which there are thousands in stores mobile applications, then sometimes just a couple of purposeful people are enough: a programmer and an artist (one of them is usually also involved in game design). Such a team, even in their free time from their main work, can create a game in a few months, which, under a successful set of circumstances, will be noticed and earn several tens of thousands of dollars. Or a hundred thousand, if you're very lucky.

But if we are talking about a serious project that can become the basis for a long-term business - that is, it will earn money long time, then the situation here is different. You need several programmers (client and server), game designer(s), several artists. The optimal project team consists of 7–10 people. And after the game is released (if we are talking about a game distributed according to the free-to-play model), it most often needs to be expanded and updates regularly released.”

Composer

Creates what concerns sound depending on the concept of the game. The composer writes the music himself, the engineer sound effects is engaged in the selection of the necessary compositions, the actors voice the characters in the game.

Tester

A person who plays a finished game finds errors and shortcomings there.

Producer

Depending on the project, he can deal with a variety of day-to-day issues - from coordinating communication between project participants to contacts with the customer.

Ilya Kainov

Game designer at On5 Games

“To create a mobile game, I would need the following professionals: producer, game designer, programmer, artist-designer, musician, tester. The number of people is of secondary importance; in my experience, many functions can be performed by one person. The main thing is that there is a common desire to make an original and high-quality game.”

It's time for me to write something useful.

Introduction.
Here you go. The world is full of articles about creating games, developing engines and choosing second ones... In fact, most of this, to be honest, is garbage. The number of meaningless advice is growing=>the number of meaningless articles is growing=>the number of stupid creators is growing=>the number of stupid games is growing. In this article I will try to “put beginners on the right path.”

It all starts with an idea. Someone somewhere, for some reason, wants to create a game, because it gets boring to play, because... everything is rubbish, or he wants to leave his mark in the world of the gaming industry (as a rule, due to endless zeal, there remains a “bunch” and a lot of dissatisfied comments). And, for some reason, this is either a similarity to the game S.T.A.L.K.E.R., or creating maps in the WarCraft editor (sorry if I spelled the name incorrectly). And, about a year ago, the Internet was filled with messages “we’re creating a game like STALKER, I’m looking for a programmer in all the holes I'm a super pro myself C == I know it right now!" and other similar junk. What has changed now? Probably nothing. Only the names of the games have started to change a little. Actually, you won't find anyone that way.

Where to begin.
Naturally, the most important thing in a team is the leader. It is desirable that this be the most experienced person in the team, capable of organizing people. He has the last word. So he must have undeniable authority in the team. This is the brains of the team. Ideally, the “top” consists of 2-3 people (a leader, a pro in programming, knows all the stages of creating games, a generator of smart ideas, an assistant). If you want to become a leader, get people interested, show that you can do more than just yell and point. Everyone will leave a bad leader. You shouldn't recruit 999999 people, because... It will take a lot of time to manage all this mass. But even 2 people can hardly cope.

People.
Of course, I would like to have professionals on the team, but sorry, this option is immediately rejected. In the CIS countries there are 200-300 real professionals, 10-20 unique people. The rest are either average people with an inflated ego, or... or newbies with an inflated ego. In comparison, in the USA, according to unconfirmed data, there are 5000 professionals, and 500 unique ones (no one compiled official statistics). Well. You can look among the average, but this option will rarely make you smile, because... they charge a lot and demand royal conditions. The most common option remains - beginners. And there are two ways - there are people who “I screwed up something in 3DeMax in 5 minutes” and those who “I’m not very good at it, we didn’t teach this at the institute.. Let me try.” The second option is more optimistic, because Among them there are often quite talented people who are able to master their role well in 2-3 months. The main thing is to separate the truly capable people from everything else. Your command should be:
1) Divided into levels: programmers, designers, musicians. Ideally, each level consists of at least 3 people, of which 1 is a sort of “sub-leader”. He is entrusted with work, he distributes it among participants of the level he knows.
2) Friendly, because Discord between 2-3 people can ruin the entire team.
3) Purposeful, capable of self-improvement.
The most pleasant option is to recruit people from your city, and preferably friends. But if you decide to look for people on the forum, I ask you, everyone who reads this - TAKE AT LEAST 5 MINUTES TO CREATE AN AD!!! It’s really just annoying that “we’re creating MoMoMo, we need everyone.” I personally would be happy to join such a project, but what’s the point if the creator immediately ordered it to live long?

Organization.
Are there newbies on the team, some people don't know each other? Work unites! Create some game together, but better mod. It is advisable to decide on the editors and engine at this point. The graphics are not so hot, there are bugs... Well then. But you will have at least some experience working in a team, and you will master the basics. It is desirable that the leader, sub-leaders and the entire “top” work equally with everyone else, and even more - you will earn trust, and people will try, because they will see that for you this is not just pampering.

Project.
It's time to create a game. Budgetary. No one will work for free on enthusiasm alone! Choose a topic, discuss it with the team, and then create drawings and plans together with everyone. It is advisable that sub-leaders also take part in this stage. Looking for people right away for a finished project and starting it right away is also not an option, you understand why.

The organization and selection of people is simply outlined here. I’ll talk about engines, 3D editors and 2D graphic editors in the next topic. It will be ready in the evening.

Come up with a plot and idea for the game you want to create. Whether it's an adventure game, a race or fighting options, it's up to you to decide. You should understand that creating a game is a tedious and time-consuming process. Without certain knowledge you will not be able to create a game. It is necessary to learn the basics of programming languages, scripting languages, and modeling.

Choose the format for creating a game - 2D or 3D. 2D is easier than 3D: they do not load the computer, but required quantity The programs required to create a game are kept to a minimum. But even to create 2D games you need to be good at drawing. If you don’t know how to draw, you can use ready-made templates for locations, characters, etc.

One of the advantages of 3D games can be called beauty and entertainment, but it requires sacrifice, so the disadvantages immediately become visible. You will need knowledge of various programming languages. This is the most difficult part of creating a 3D game. The more difficult the game is supposed to be, the more difficult languages. There are a huge number of them and they take a very long time to become known. When learning one language you will be faced with the need to know another. And so on increasingly. Another obvious disadvantage is that powerful computers are needed. There is no need to draw here, but you need to learn to work in modeling programs, but this is no easier than drawing and you can’t do it without imagination.

There are special designers for creating games. From finished parts, which are given to you in the designer, you gradually create your own game. They are suitable for both 3D games and 2D games. If you don’t have enough ready-made parts, you can add your own and use them. To make something move, you will need to assign actions to objects using ready-made logical operations. If there is a lack of standard actions, scripting languages ​​will come to the rescue. There are constructors that include common languages programming, they are more functional, but their work is more difficult to understand. Designers are usually divided by genre, but there are also general ones that are suitable for creating games of various genres.

Creation of a computer games- a complex process, the most important part of which is design. You must first create a plan games, script, plot, choose a suitable programming language, consider the possibility of technical implementation of the given. No single way writing games, since its creation is creative process.

Instructions

Work out the theme and genre of the future games. First you need to create an idea and formalize it. Create future heroes, think through the plot, each of its components. Compile all the collected data into one project design document, which will contain information about both the plot and gameplay.

Select the programming language in which the project will be implemented. It should be one of the languages ​​that you are fluent in. Depending on the scale games, the peculiarities of the language should be taken into account. For example, many modern games in C++, but there are many other languages ​​that can be written. For example, Delphi, which is one of the best in terms of working with objects.

Select the engine on which the game project will be built. The engine is a control system responsible for displaying graphic elements, defining functions, controlling sound, etc. It is directly linked to the graphical application programming interface (API). If you are going to use a ready-made engine, you should think about the project, since purchasing program code, 3D, graphic and audio editors can cost a significant amount.

To write serious projects, you need to recruit a team that will consist of a 3D modeler, a graphic editor, a designer, a layout designer and a musician. The number of required specialized specialists depends on the complexity of the project.

Having created a plan and chosen an engine, you can begin the technical implementation of your plan. Break the work into stages, write the game gradually, implementing the main functionality first, and then creating more and more new features. Don’t be afraid to rewrite code that has already been created, but not entirely correctly written, even if there are already thousands of lines of it. Try to create the most efficient code possible.

Video on the topic

When teaching children and adolescents, it is important to instill in them the skills logical thinking. Such skills will help in the future to explain abstract concepts, substantiate the phenomena of reality and competently defend one’s own point of view. The joint participation of children and adults in logic games will allow them to find better mutual understanding and simply bring many joyful moments.

You will need

• - developed creative imagination.

Instructions

To understand the principles of constructing logic games, read the development manuals. Today there are a number of books that cover in detail the playful side of the learning process. It is best if you manage to read one of the collections of similar games, equipped with specific examples and practical recommendations.

Introduce the necessary restrictions by defining the age limits for participants created game. Requirements for its logical structure and content will depend on how mature the players are. For children, it is undesirable to include too abstract concepts that have no analogues in the environment into play objects. material world.

Determine the direction of the future game. Among logic games, the most interesting and exciting are those that are aimed at developing ingenuity and intelligence. They allow participants to demonstrate speed of thinking while developing the ability to make correct judgments. Games of ingenuity are good when it is necessary to switch the child to another type of activity.

For example, consider a logic game conventionally called “Chain of Words”. According to the rules, participants sit in a circle, after which one of them names any word. The neighboring participant must immediately say a word starting with the last letter of the previous one, after which all players in a circle are included in the game sequentially. Set a rule that you cannot repeat previously spoken words. The advantage of this game exercise is that it does not require any additional materials.

Take the structure of the described game as a basis, slightly modifying the task and introducing additional time restrictions. For example, it is allowed to name only the names of animate objects; For each mistake a penalty point is awarded; the one who finds it difficult to name the right word drops out of the game and so on. So in a simple way you will be able to get several new logic games while maintaining interest in them on the part of the participants.

Sources:

• “Logic games for children”, T.N. Obraztsova, 2010.
• "The best mobile and logic games for children from 5 to 10 years old,” E.A. Boyko, 2008.
• "Didactics. Logic train. Games for children 2-5 years old”, T.A. Barchan, 2003.

A fence in Minecraft is used to create pens for pets and to decorate the surrounding area. It's very easy to make if you have at least some wood.

Wood is the very first thing you need to get in the game

Wood in the game Minecraft is obtained from the trunks of various trees. There are six types of wood, all of which have the same properties, although the appearance of the blocks of different species differs.

To get a block of wood, go to the nearest tree, click on the left mouse button, aiming at the tree trunk. Do not release the button until you obtain the desired block. Get it as much as possible more wood, you will need it not only to receive, but also to create the majority the right tools. In addition, you can craft planks from wood, from which you can easily build your first shelter from monsters.

Fence can be used instead of glass to create windows if there is no sand nearby or you are low on fuel. The fence allows light to pass through, but does not allow aggressive monsters or...

Once you have collected enough wood, open your inventory window. Place two or three units of mined blocks (the rest may be needed to create charcoal or decorating a future home) into one of the crafting or item creation cells that are located to the right of the schematic image of your character, so you will receive boards. There will be four times more of them than wood blocks.

Recipe for creating a fence in minecraft

To create a fence, you will need a workbench. This working surface with a 3x3 crafting area, which allows you to collect most of the tools and items on it. To create a workbench, open the inventory window again and fill all available crafting slots with boards. Take the workbench and place it on a suitable horizontal surface.

The fence is created from sticks. Sticks can be made at any time from planks by placing two planks on top of each other in the crafting area of ​​a workbench or in the inventory window. Two boards make four sticks. To create a fence you will need six sticks. They need to be placed on the workbench so as to fill the bottom two horizontal lines of the crafting area.

With the help of a fence, players often fence off farms to protect them from trampling by animals and monsters. The ability to install torches on the fence allows you to sufficiently illuminate the crops being grown.

For the fence there is special type doors. To make a gate or wicket, in the fence design, replace the two center poles with blocks of boards. Gates make interacting with livestock much easier.

Pickaxe - the main tool and main symbol Minecraft games. Without it, cave exploration and mining are impossible. The pickaxe is one of those things that you need to make at the very beginning.

What do you need for a pickaxe?

Any tool or weapon in Minecraft can be made from different types materials. At the first stage, the most accessible resource is wood, since trees grow on any type of terrain (except desert) and are easily “disassembled”. Wood can be used to make sticks and boards. This is enough to create the first, most important tools.

After appearing in the game world, head to the nearest cluster of trees, but do not go far from the spawn point or try to remember the landmarks. Approaching the tree, start extracting wood by holding down the left mouse button. You can mine resources within a radius of three blocks. Get at least ten units of wood. Part of it will be used to create a pickaxe and other tools, the rest can be used to obtain coal, which is needed to illuminate the space and protect against monsters.

After collecting the wood, open the character window. Next to the image of your hero there is a crafting window (creating items) measuring 2x2. This is not enough to create a pickaxe, but here you can make a workbench, which is used for crafting most items. Place half of the extracted wood in one of the cells, this will allow you to get boards. One unit of wood produces four boards. Planks are excellent raw materials for creating the first tools and fuel for the furnace. In the same crafting window, place two planks on top of each other, this will give you sticks. Now fill all four cells with boards, the result should be a workbench.

You can make an ax from boards and sticks, which will significantly speed up the extraction of wood.

Pickaxe - minecraft symbol

Take the workbench in your hand and place it on the surface by pressing the right mouse button. Right-click on the workbench again to open its interface. An active crafting field measuring 3x3 will appear in front of you. This is enough to create absolutely any items in the game. Fill the top horizontal with boards (you should need three pieces), and place sticks along the central vertical as handles. As a result, you will receive a pickaxe.

A wooden pickaxe is not durable, and not all types of resources can be obtained with its help. Once you have this tool, head to the nearest mountain or simply remove a couple of nearby blocks of dirt or sand to gain access to the stone. Use a pickaxe to mine three cobblestones and craft a new tool at the workbench.

Coal is the first resource that needs to be mined, since it is from it that the torches important for life are created.

A stone pickaxe is much stronger than a wooden one; it can mine almost all types of resources except emeralds, gold and red dust, which is not important in the early stages of the game. When setting out to explore the world, take three or four pickaxes with you, so as not to suddenly be left without your main tool.

The virtual world is increasingly becoming three-dimensional. Every software company that respects itself and the user strives to make its products in 3-D. The popularity of this visual display medium is so great that many people want to master the intricacies of 3D design on their own. And there are special programs for this.

A lot of programs have been created for 3D modeling. Some for complete beginners in this area, others are more suitable for professional designers. The user can easily get confused in all the variety of proposals, so only the three most popular 3D construction products are offered to the reader, which anyone can understand if they wish.

3D Studio MAX

The program is currently called Autodesk 3ds Max. The project started back in 1990, when the most daring experimenters were just beginning to think about 3D modeling.

Often, special software is created for game or film projects, aimed at solving specific problems.

The package was developed by the Yost Group studio and the first four versions were released for DOS. Who does not remember the “pre-window” times, this operating system with the command line - the grandmother of modern operating systems. Since 1994, the package began to be released for Windows.

Using the package, you can create videos, engage in architectural modeling, and bring computer game characters to life. For example, many of Blizzard's video games for Warcraft and Starcraft used 3D-Max capabilities. The product was also used to create models in these games.

Autodesk Maya

If anyone ever thinks about what product in 3D modeling can be considered the de facto standard, then it is Maya. At one time she made her mark in the world of three-dimensional graphics in film and television. The product had a rather complicated history. It officially appeared only in 2006, but before that there were various corporate mergers and reshuffles in the business segment, which in one way or another affected the project.

However, it has survived and is now actively used by many professionals and enthusiasts around the world. The list of famous cartoons and those created with its help alone deserves respect:

The image of Gollum in The Lord of the Rings
- mouse from the comedy “Stuart Little”
- "South Park".
- The Matrix trilogy
- spider man 2
- gold

And this is just the beginning, because it’s simply not possible to cover everything.

Cinema 4D

Judging by the name, the program is capable of creating four-dimensional space. However, as you know, the fourth is time. Hence the essence of the software package is to create three-dimensional objects that change over time. And here many can already guess that we are talking about computer animation.

At the beginning, all 3D modeling programs seem complicated, but once you understand the basic principles, everything becomes easier.

And in fact, today the project represents serious competition to the two products described above. It is more convenient, has a simpler interface, and is easier to learn even for a beginner.

It first appeared on the Amiga computer in the early nineties of the last century. The first versions of the software were only for this machine. Maxon was then able to port it to other platforms.

It is impossible to list all the projects where the program was used. It is actively used to create animation. And among the most famous projects is Beowulf.

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Sources:

• Interesting programs for beginners in 2019

Games of this kind do not require Money and make the child very happy. Having fun in this way, your child will not only lift his and your mood, but will also develop intellectually.

What's the most popular game? Surely, you remember it from childhood - this is “Soroka-Soroka”. When your parents played it with you, they weren't just thinking about your entertainment. The fact is that games of this kind stimulate the brain activity of children, help develop speech and unleash their creative potential. Finger games were invented in the distant past. For example, in Japan, children developed their fingers with the help of walnuts.

What are the benefits of finger games? Everything in our body is interconnected, let alone a child’s body, in which main center– the brain, is located very close to the hands and fingers. Fine motor skills develop areas of the brain that are responsible for speech.

Children often face the problem that they, like a dog, understand everything, but cannot say anything. This is due to the fact that one hemisphere is responsible for creating pictures, images, and the other for speech. It is necessary to find a balance - finger games have no equal here!

Finger games for children need to be selected according to age - this is important. Remember that the main goal of such games is to help in development, there is no need to rush. You can start playing finger games almost from birth. The best age is from 3 months to 6 years.

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Money is material assets that give us more opportunities to live better. There's no arguing with that. So what should you do to earn more money to live on?

You always get what you earn

Some people feel like they are worth much more than they are paid. If you are one of this number of those unfairly offended, then take care of a job that will pay higher. After all, for you better job no one will look. The more you depend on others, the less you depend on yourself. Take control of your income. Those who give this power to other hands always play the role of a victim in society and, accordingly, do not earn enough.

You can only win the game when you understand its rules

Consider all areas of society as a large market, where all people are your equal partners, and each situation is an opportunity provided by the market to improve your financial well-being.
The rules of today's game are set by the market, and they are the same for everyone. Anyone who does not know the rules of the game has practically no chance of success. Main principle of any market is that the exchange must be truly mutually beneficial.

There is no rule that limits your income!

All the rules that limit your income today are invented by people themselves, and they can also change them. The value of your work force subjective, no one will give an objective assessment of your work, neither the boss nor the performer. You just need to raise your own criteria for evaluating your work and create the necessary conditions to increase your own earnings.
Your income is assessed in three ways: your boss’s assessment, your own assessment, and your ability to negotiate.

You won't get a salary increase by other methods just like that - earn it! If you work in a team, the question is how indispensable you are in the team. Your task is to ensure that your boss himself understands your irreplaceability, and this largely depends on how you negotiate with him.
If you work for yourself, the question is how indispensable your products are to society. The task is to get your value noticed by this society. And it also depends on how well you negotiate with him.

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Helpful advice

The five rules given should provide a starting point for your thinking.
These rules are based on three important prerequisites for success:
1. self-confidence;
2. the ability to take responsibility;
3. ability to act.
These are the skills you need to work on.

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