Ready-made interesting house project with an attic. Original projects of small houses with an attic

Houses with an attic are the embodiment of a comfortable and pleasant country life. Such cottages allow greater freedom in the choice of materials, design and layout of the house. In this article you will find necessary recommendations, as well as projects of houses with an attic, free drawings and photos.

Features of a house with an attic

One of the most important features of a house with an attic is that the upper part of the structure is subject to temperature changes. It is equally important to take care of the waterproofing of the room. Select lightweight materials for the attic floor. This applies to both interior decoration, and even furniture. Do not overload the foundation and walls due to the possible appearance of cracks.

It is best to form a small attic area into a single space, but if it is necessary to create internal partitions You should give preference to drywall. This material will not cause additional load on the foundation of the house.

How to build a house with an attic?

When creating a project for a house with an attic, it is necessary to take into account the features of this building. Subject to following rules you will get a beautiful and reliable durable home.

Calculation of additional load. You cannot arbitrarily attach an attic to a one-story house, as this will lead to cracks and subsequent destruction of the foundation. If you decide to complete the attic on an already existing walls, take care of strengthening them.
Calculation of attic height. The minimum height from floor to ceiling is 2.5 m.
Proper roof design. When designing it, it should be taken into account that gable design will add only 67% of the base area of the house. The so-called “broken” roof will add approximately 90% of the area of the first floor. But raising the roof by 1.5 m can increase the area by 100%.
Provide communication communications between the base and the attic;
Think it over layout, places for and windows;
It is very important to comply fire safety requirements, evacuation plan from the attic.

Projects of a one-story house with an attic: drawings and photos

In one-story houses, the attic most often acts as a workshop or. Often a bedroom is located on this level, due to the comfortable location in a room with low ceilings, as well as additional insulation and a beautiful view of the starry sky from the windows. We picked 10 best projects houses with an attic, below are free drawings and photos, as well as their description.

Project No. 1. The design of this house provides a functional room on the attic level, which contains a bedroom, a bathroom and two additional rooms, which, at your discretion, can be arranged as living rooms or children's rooms. Cosy frame house involves making it from brick and expanded clay concrete. Large windows make the interior of the house well lit. The building fully meets all the requirements of a residential building.

Project No. 2. Cozy cottage in eco style with a large dining-living room on the ground floor. The project allows you to place three rooms, a bathroom and a small hall in the attic, as well as access to the balcony. A convenient wide staircase is provided. There is also a second exit to the veranda on the ground floor. This house is perfect for a large family for a comfortable country holiday.

Project No. 3. Small and at the same time functional cottage with a living-dining room and an office on the ground floor. The attic space occupies three adjoining rooms and a bathroom. The simple form of the building is enhanced by a bay window in the living room and a roof window with flat roof. The house is perfect for both relaxation and work.

Project No. 4. Compact house V rustic style. On the ground floor there is a living room with a dining area, a kitchen and a toilet. The attic can be reached via a comfortable wide staircase. There are three bedrooms and a bathroom.

Project No. 5. Functional one-story house with attic suitable for big family. The project includes a spacious dining room, office, bathroom and kitchen on the ground floor, as well as three adjacent rooms and a bathroom on the attic level. The shape of the house is complemented by a bay window on the ground floor in the living-dining room and access to the balcony, as well as a window with another additional balcony and a gable roof.

Project No. 6. Budget project houses with an attic are perfect for living and relaxing. On the ground floor there is a large, spacious living room (48.6 m2), which can also serve as a dining room. In the attic there are three bedrooms, a bathroom and a spacious balcony.

Project No. 7. A simple one-story house with a functional layout is designed for a family of five. The simple form is complemented by a bay window and a balcony. The entrance through the hallway leads to the hall, where there is a staircase to the attic and doors to all rooms on the first floor: living room, bathroom, kitchen and children's room. On the attic level there are three bedrooms, a spacious bathroom, and two dressing rooms, one of which is adjacent to the large bedroom.

Project No. 8. By choosing a house project with an attic and a garage, you will save money on construction work by combining main walls. In addition, the two-in-one solution reduces garage heating costs thanks to warm walls Houses. And besides, there is no need to go outside in bad weather to get into the garage - the main part of the house is connected to the garage through a storage room. Large windows make the house bright, and two small terraces will contribute to a pleasant outdoor recreation.

Project No. 9. Project of this cozy home provides for the installation of a twin house in mirror design. Distinctive feature of this simple structure is the roof of the garage, which extends over the entrance terrace and is supported by three wooden beams. Exterior finishing the house is distinguished by the wooden frame of classic window openings. On the ground floor there is a living room, a kitchen combined with a dining room, and a bathroom; the attic level is occupied by two bedrooms and a bathroom.

The garage is directly connected to the house using a folding staircase, which saves space for storing tools and other necessary things.

Two-story houses with an attic have a presentable appearance. Such houses are designed for a comfortable country or country holiday. Typically, the layout two-story house with an attic provides for the arrangement of rooms common use on the first level (this could be a living room, dining room, kitchen), and personal apartments on the second floor (master bedrooms, bathroom, children's rooms). When choosing materials, you can choose concrete, brick or wood. Possible combined options, where one floor is made of timber and the other of brick. Below is project No. 10, the final one in our selection.

Houses with an attic are the embodiment of a comfortable and pleasant country life. Such cottages allow greater freedom in the choice of materials, design and layout of the house. In this article you will find the necessary recommendations, as well as designs of houses with an attic, free drawings and photos.

Features of a house with an attic

One of the most important features of a house with an attic is that the upper part of the structure is subject to temperature changes. It is equally important to take care of the waterproofing of the room. Select lightweight materials for the attic floor. This applies to interior decoration, and even furniture. Do not overload the foundation and walls due to the possible appearance of cracks.

It is best to form a small attic area into a single space, but if it is necessary to create internal partitions, you should give preference to plasterboard. This material will not cause additional load on the foundation of the house.

How to build a house with an attic?

When creating a project for a house with an attic, it is necessary to take into account the features of this building. If you follow the following rules, you will get a beautiful and reliable durable home.

Calculation of additional load. You cannot arbitrarily attach an attic to a one-story house, as this will lead to cracks and subsequent destruction of the foundation. If you decide to add an attic to existing walls, take care to strengthen them.
Calculation of attic height. The minimum height from floor to ceiling is 2.5 m.
Proper roof design. When designing it, it should be taken into account that the gable structure will add only 67% of the base area of the house. The so-called “broken” roof will add approximately 90% of the area of the first floor. But raising the roof by 1.5 m can increase the area by 100%.
Provide communication communications between the base and the attic;
Think it over layout, places for and windows;
It is very important to comply fire safety requirements, evacuation plan from the attic.

Projects of a one-story house with an attic: drawings and photos

In one-story houses, the attic most often acts as a workshop or. Often a bedroom is located on this level, due to the comfortable location in a room with low ceilings, as well as additional insulation and a beautiful view of the starry sky from the windows. We have selected the 10 best designs of houses with an attic; below are free drawings and photos, as well as their descriptions.

Project No. 1. The design of this house provides a functional room on the attic level, which contains a bedroom, a bathroom and two additional rooms, which can be arranged as living rooms or children's rooms at your discretion. A cozy frame house is made of brick and expanded clay concrete. Large windows make the interior of the house well lit. The building fully meets all the requirements of a residential building.

Project No. 2. A cozy eco-style cottage with a large dining-living room on the ground floor. The project allows you to place three rooms, a bathroom and a small hall in the attic, as well as access to the balcony. A convenient wide staircase is provided. There is also a second exit to the veranda on the ground floor. This house is perfect for a large family for a comfortable country holiday.

Project No. 3. A small and at the same time functional one-story house with a living-dining room and an office on the ground floor. The attic space is occupied by three adjacent rooms and a bathroom. The simple form of the building is enhanced by a bay window in the living room and a roof window with a flat roof. The house is perfect for both relaxation and work.

Project No. 4. Compact house in a rustic style. On the ground floor there is a living room with a dining area, a kitchen and a toilet. The attic can be reached via a comfortable wide staircase. There are three bedrooms and a bathroom.

Project No. 5. A functional one-story house with an attic is suitable for a large family. The project includes a spacious dining room, office, bathroom and kitchen on the ground floor, as well as three adjacent rooms and a bathroom on the attic level. The shape of the house is complemented by a bay window on the ground floor in the living-dining room and access to the balcony, as well as a window with another additional balcony and a gable roof.

Project No. 6. A budget house project with an attic is perfect for living and relaxing. On the ground floor there is a large, spacious living room (48.6 m2), which can also serve as a dining room. In the attic there are three bedrooms, a bathroom and a spacious balcony.

Project No. 8. By choosing a house project with an attic and a garage, you will save money on construction work by combining main walls. In addition, the two-in-one solution reduces garage heating costs thanks to the warm walls of the house. And besides, there is no need to go outside in bad weather to get into the garage - the main part of the house is connected to the garage through a storage room. Large windows make the house bright, and two small terraces will contribute to a pleasant outdoor recreation.

Project No. 9. The project of this cozy house involves the installation of a twin house in a mirror design. A distinctive feature of this simple structure is the garage roof, which extends over the entrance terrace and is supported by three wooden beams. The exterior decoration of the house is distinguished by the wooden frame of classic window openings. On the ground floor there is a living room, a kitchen combined with a dining room, and a bathroom; the attic level is occupied by two bedrooms and a bathroom.

The garage is directly connected to the house using a folding staircase, which saves space for storing tools and other necessary things.

Two-story houses with an attic have a presentable appearance. Such houses are designed for a comfortable country or country holiday. As a rule, the layout of a two-story house with an attic provides for the location of common rooms on the first level (this could be a living room, dining room, kitchen), and private apartments on the second floor (master bedrooms, bathroom, children's rooms). When choosing materials, you can choose concrete, brick or wood. Combined options are possible, where one floor is made of timber and the other of brick. Below is project No. 10, the final one in our selection.

Many people have a summer cottage outside the city and build large and small houses on it so that they have somewhere to come and relax on the weekends, or even for the whole summer. Usually these are one-story buildings, a residential cabin or a full-fledged attic house. The last option is considered the most practical, since under the roof, instead of a dark and narrow attic, there is a beautiful, light residential second floor. In addition to purely practical considerations, this type of second floor looks very beautiful and provides more opportunities for decorating the facade of the building. The result, as a rule, is a beautiful, cozy house with a comfortable and habitable second floor and an attic. Projects, photos from the Internet and in the developer’s company catalog will help you get the desired result.

A spacious terrace adds even more beauty and practicality to a house with an attic. Source yandex.ru

Pros and cons of houses with an attic

Even ordinary projects attic houses are widespread and valued for their undeniable advantages:

low construction and installation costs compared to a full second floor;
increase usable area buildings almost 2 times;
no heat loss through attic space;
labor-intensive installation of communications that does not require additional equipment or input;
An increase in free space gives rise to the fantasies of the owners of the house - this is an opportunity to build a swimming pool on the freed-up area of the first floor or make a garage without an extension, and if you start planning the attic, you can place a billiard room or a studio on it to embody creative ideas.

Despite so many advantages, houses with an attic also have certain disadvantages:

the requirement to preserve technology and correct calculations when choosing all materials, since errors entail loss of heat, sound insulation properties, usable area in the case of stairs, condensation formation, and the likelihood of fungus formation;
increased cost of constructing windows - attic windows have a special design;
there is a possibility when large quantities left without fallen snow solar lighting attics

In snowy weather you will have to limit yourself to artificial lighting Source orto30.ru

Basic rules for designing a house with an attic

It seems that beautiful houses with an attic are simple both in design and construction, but this opinion is wrong. When installing a building of this type, you must comply certain rules and technology. Otherwise, the attic will be cold, noisy, damp and not as large as imagined. To avoid such a result, during design and construction you need to know and take into account the features attic house.

Despite the fact that the attic is the placement of the second floor directly under the roof, you must comply with the regulations, which say that the height from floor to ceiling must be at least 2.5 m. This must be taken into account when designing the shape of the roof, which is made broken - when one part is located at an angle of no more than 30 degrees, and the second - at least 70. This technique in some cases increases the useful volume by 90%.

It is important to properly think through the communication system. If it is planned in the attic water heating, placement of the bathroom, you need to calculate the required water pressure and install a pump corresponding to the obtained parameters.

When heating the attic with water, you will have to raise the boiler for gravity flow of water, or install a pump in the system. Source kd3.ru

To place electrical wires, special fireproof channels are provided in the walls or on their surface.

When designing, the weight of all partitions and windows is taken into account. Whenever possible, they are made from lightweight materials to reduce the load on the walls and foundation.

One of the advantages of an attic is that it can be designed and installed instead of the roof of an already finished one-story house. Some try to use this opportunity and modernize the house on their own, but they forget that the foundation, ceilings and walls were designed for the same loads, and installing an attic significantly increases them. As a result, cracks appear and the house gradually collapses. For this reason, if necessary, carry out similar works, you need to contact specialized construction companies whose employees have sufficient experience to properly strengthen the walls and foundation and equip an attic-type house according to all the rules.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most construction companies, presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Advantages of houses with an attic and a garage under one roof

To basic amenities on a summer cottage, except for a house, with the necessary engineering communications and space for a vegetable garden or garden, today a garage is being added where you can leave your iron horse while you relax. Full-fledged country house with an attic, photo below, has everything you need for a comfortable stay.

Often a garage is a mandatory attribute of a country house Source barilgachin.mn

It is even more necessary if the family lives outside the city all the time or most of the time - shuttle buses do not travel so often and quickly, but a car allows you to maintain mobility.

If area land plot is insufficient for the construction of a large building with a separate garage, then to solve this problem it is worth considering simple designs of attic houses with a garage. A house of this type involves placing a garage and utility rooms on the ground floor, and living rooms on the second floor. This choice has many advantages:

optimal placement on a site with a small area;
placing space for a car inside the house reduces construction costs by up to 30%;
an indoor garage door increases comfort and safety;
The garage located inside the house saves heating costs.

The freed up space can be used with greater benefit - to arrange a playground, a place to relax, a greenhouse, winter Garden, just a flowerbed or gazebo.

Video description

See the video for a few more projects of houses with an attic and a garage:

Staircase device

Naturally, projects of simple attic houses should contain plans for installing a staircase to the second floor. A correctly calculated and placed staircase is the key to the success of all work on building a house.

An attic house can be equipped with several types of stairs leading to the second floor:

hanging;
screw;
marching.

Most often, the area of the attic house is minimal, which is why the staircase is designed small size. Spiral and suspended staircases are more suitable for such requirements. They do not differ much from each other in terms of space occupied, but they are different in design. Screw ones are similar in appearance to a spiral, look presentable and unusual in comparison with other staircases, attract the attention of guests and children, but are more difficult to calculate and install. True, it is quite possible to order a ready-made staircase - its cost will simply be added to the estimate.

You can also order a hanging staircase in the same way. Its main difference is that such a ladder does not have support on the lower horizontal plane or rests on two “legs”. Usually create wooden structure, consisting of transverse steps secured in two strings or forming. They have a simple appearance.

Hanging staircase is the ultimate space saver Source metasold.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

In turn, a flight of stairs is a straight or curved structure that takes up maximum space, but at the same time it has the greatest strength and durability. This type of stairs is used in attic houses, having a relatively large area, because otherwise its placement is impractical.

Since dwellings with an attic most often have a small area, it is important to ensure that the stairs do not interfere with movement around the house. Places for approaches and distances between the structure and the doors must be planned.

Source specstroyka-info.ru

Types of roofs for houses with an attic

One of the most important parts of an attic house is the type of roof. It is this parameter that mainly determines the area of the second floor. Meet:

Shed roof (one plane at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the horizon - rarely used, since the second floor occupies up to 50% of the area of the first).
Gable (consists of two planes of the roofing structure located at an acute angle to each other, used more often, allowing it to occupy 67% of the area of the first floor).
Hip and half-hip (a complex type of roof, consisting of four surfaces located at an angle to the walls of the house and to each other, retains the area up to 60% relative to the first floor).
Broken (a common type of roof, consisting of four surfaces installed alternately at an obtuse angle to each other, retains almost the entire area relative to the first floor).

Different types of roofing structures have their own advantages and disadvantages, which are important when different types climate. From the point of view of insulation and the possible penetration of water inside, resistance to snow loads, sloping, hip, or half-hip roofs are more practical.

Types of roofs of attic houses Source mauro-gianvanni.ru

Projects of attic houses with a pitched roof are recommended when you need housing that will not take up much space. Gable roof allows you not only to equip the attic floor, but also to use the attic space of sufficient volume.

Insulation of the attic

The most important thing for comfortable living on the attic floor is the choice of high-quality insulation and waterproofing. In this case, depending on the roof design, the insulation is placed under the roofing material, between it and the ceiling of the room and between the facade and interior walls.

When choosing insulation, you need to consider the following factors:

vapor permeability of the material (should be as high as possible);
thermal conductivity coefficient of the material (must be minimal);
resistance to heat penetration;
material service life;
insulation density.

Such materials for insulation are known attic floors:

What mistakes are made during thermal insulation - see in the video:

When choosing wool for insulating an attic, you need to ensure that moisture does not get into it under any circumstances. A membrane is glued to the beams, capable of breathing towards the street and not allowing moisture to pass in the opposite direction. Cotton wool is installed under the membrane, protected from below by a vapor barrier, a breathable film in both directions. With this method of insulation, the wool will be protected from water entering through the roof and will release accumulated fumes from the house to the outside.

In the CIS countries, it is accepted by construction standards that minimum thickness insulation is 250 mm. If this parameter is reduced, the room will not be sufficiently insulated and will require additional heating costs.

Finishing the attic inside the house

When everything is planned from the outside, projects small houses with an attic they cook from the inside. When choosing a style and finishing methods, you need to consider the following factors:

type of roof;
room area;
type of room;
placement of stairs;
staircase area;
ceiling shape;
room height;
parameters of furniture placed in the attic.

Many approach the choice of interior style from a practical point of view. They try to make it beautiful, unique, comfortable and interesting when minimum costs effort, money and time.

Attic design option - simple and tasteful Source gmispace.com

Decorate the attic room in eclectic or country style. These interiors do not require additional finishing. The walls and roof can be left as is, having previously protected all wooden parts with a special varnish. Mineral coatings can be opened with water-repellent liquids or painted. The windows are left bare, the floor is covered with carpets, rugs or skins. Furniture uses the simplest designs.

IN in this case One of the most common examples of the design of an attic floor is given. But everyone should do what is convenient for their family. The main thing is to take into account all the listed requirements when designing in order to avoid mistakes.

Video description

Several examples of attic floor design in the video:

Conclusion

The attic is very romantic, bright, cozy place, loved by everyone since childhood. But when designing the second floor of the attic type, you need to take into account every little detail, every requirement and every number. This work is not easy. It can only be mastered qualitatively professional builders and designers.

Welcome to the section of our catalog: ready-made projects of houses with an attic. But before you start searching for a house project with an attic that is suitable for you, we want to introduce you to information that will certainly be useful and will help you make the right and informed choice.

Project of a classic house with an attic YA 247-4

Construction area: 187.10 sq.m.
Total area: 247.40 sq.m.
Living area: 115.80 sq.m.
Construction technology: aerated concrete.
Project cost: 30,000 rubles. (AR + KR)
Cost of materials for construction: RUB 2,400,000*

It is this arrangement that appearance inherent in many designs of houses with an attic. But this project has one most important characteristic, which is a short time made it very popular among our customers project documentation. It's no secret that significant amount allocated and purchased land plots for development has small sizes. And placing on such a site, in addition to an already built house, a garage, a bathhouse or a gazebo, that is, those buildings without which life outside the city significantly loses in comfort and convenience, becomes very problematic. But, if you buy a house project with an attic, a garage and a bathhouse YA 247-4, then you get rid of all this hassle. Having erected this universal building, you will not need to build a separate garage and bathhouse on your site. Thus, by building these various objects on a single foundation, with common walls and under one roof, you will significantly reduce the construction budget. You will not have problems with the owners of neighboring plots regarding compliance with the necessary standards for fire safety and sanitary clearances from the boundaries of their plots. And instead of paying taxes on three objects capital construction you will have single tax per property. The amount of this tax is significantly less than for three separate taxation objects. In addition to these undoubted advantages, this house is also very spacious. Under certain circumstances, up to 8 people can live in it at a time. Please note that on the ground floor, in addition to the living room, there are two more living rooms, which is very convenient if the family has elderly people or small children. Most of all, this project of a universal house with a residential attic attracts owners of small, narrow plots, since its dimensions are only: 9,600 x 11,900 m. A superbly planned and practical home for those who know how to count their money and love comfort and convenience.
Detailed description of the YaA 247-4 project ➦

House project with attic and garage YAG 130-3

Total area: 130.30 sq.m.
Living area: 69.90 sq.m.
Ceiling height of the 1st floor: 2,740 m.
Height in the attic: up to 3,200 m.
Height of the building at the ridge from ground level: 9,220 m.
Construction technology: aerated concrete.
Project cost:
- 31,900 rub. (AR + KR)
- 36,900 rub. (AR + KR + IS)
Cost of materials for construction: RUB 1,312,000*

Another version of the project for the most popular series of houses and cottages with an attic. The first projects in this series appeared in our catalog back in 2010, and every year there are more and more of them. This series includes projects of popular houses with a residential attic made of aerated concrete, porous brick, and profiled timber. Compact, with attractive facades, a beautiful and expressive roof, they also have convenient and comfortable layouts. On the ground floor there is always a living room with a fireplace, a kitchen, and a boiler room. In this project there is another one on the 1st floor plan living room. On the attic floor there is a common hall, three separate bedrooms, and a large bathroom. There is a garage attached to the main building to park one car. That is, if you position it correctly, then this is a house project with an attic and a garage.

✔For any finished project house, cottage, garage, bathhouse or gazebo, we can give an individual discount, the size of which depends on the selected project, the composition of the order and payment terms.
You can find out the details of the promotion by contacting us in any way convenient for you:
- call us,
- request a free call back,
- write us a message in the online chat,
- send a letter to our email.

✔ ND series- When purchasing any house or cottage project in this series, you can choose a bathhouse project ND-68B or ND-79B for free.
✔ DS and DSG series- when purchasing any project of these series, you receive a DS 34-6 bathhouse project as a gift.
✔ Free delivery of the project to any region of Russia.

First, it’s worth understanding what an attic is and how it differs from an attic. Both of these rooms in the house are located under the roof. Many people often confuse them because they do not see the difference. The attic floor is the last floor in the house; it is located directly under the roof, but is designed for people to live at any time of the year. It must be insulated, supplied with electricity, water and heating. The facades of the attic and attic are formed entirely or partially by the roof. The main difference between the premises and the second or third floor in a cottage or country house is the height of the walls. It means the distance from the floor to the intersection of the facade with the roof. It should not exceed 1.5 m, according to the conditions prescribed in SNiP. If the height is a little higher, then this is already a full floor.

The attic is a cold, non-residential space. It can be equipped for summer holidays, but it is not possible to spend the winter in such a room. Usually, attics are used for storage of unnecessary things. However, the practice of storing trash is gradually disappearing. If the room is intended for the location of communications, a boiler room, engineering equipment then the attic is called technical floor. They are more common in apartment buildings. Another important difference between an attic and an attic is the presence large windows, sometimes even built into the roof. For non-residential premises lighting doesn't matter much. Projects of houses with an attic can be purchased in finished form in design bureaus. The only way to get a free plan is to prepare it yourself, which will require a certain amount of knowledge. Let's talk about design features attic floors, options for their arrangement and popular styles, which are embodied under the roofs of houses.

Features of attic floors

Project of a house with an attic - perfect option for those who want to use the building area to the maximum. In this respect, additional living space is similar to ground floor. Previously, basements were used exclusively for storing trash and equipment. Now the basements are being set up game rooms, home cinemas, garages, saunas or laundries (as in typical American homes). It is impossible to build an attic without a drawing plan. Co construction work Indeed, anyone can do it, although even here they often turn to companies that practice the construction of turnkey projects. But only a professional with experience and a wealth of specialized knowledge can correctly calculate the loads on the foundation, think through the location of all structural elements, and calculate the consumption of materials.

Before construction, several sketches are prepared - in section and from different viewing points, and the scale is indicated. The drawing must mark the location of window openings, entrance stairs, communication lines, indicate the shape and indicate the dimensions. The most popular configuration among attics is rectangular or square. The task seems simple only in words. Getting down to business, the average person is lost and doesn’t even know where to start. The attic attracts with an abundance of light and fresh air. Its outer “box” includes two components:

Vertical (gable) walls. They are usually made of the same material as the facade of the house, since they are its logical continuation.
Sloping wall (side). It "begins" with vertical surface(attic wall), and then its frame is the roof rafter system. In the role external cladding the roof protrudes from the ceiling. To increase the area of the attic, change the angle of the roof and increase the height of the attic walls.

In wooden log houses, the vertical walls are made of wood. If the building is brick, then brick is used for the attic. Sometimes vertical walls are sheathed decorative materials matches the rest of the façade. This is necessary in cases where you need to update the exterior to fit it into landscape design summer cottage, or when the building itself has an unsightly appearance. For example, it was built from expanded clay concrete, gas silicate, expanded clay, cinder blocks or gas blocks. Such materials have an unattractive appearance and are necessarily masked under a layer of finishing. For these purposes, porcelain stoneware, siding, decorative panels“under brick” or stone. Sometimes the outside walls are decorated with wood. The material looks very beautiful, but is less practical than more durable analogues. Required condition Insulation is needed to equip the attic. Part of the task of preserving heat in the room is assigned to decorative cladding, which protects the walls from the outside. Inside they are covered with heat and vapor barrier, between the layers of which mineral wool and polystyrene foam are placed. Then they conduct communications and carry out finishing. Next comes design and distribution. functional zones on the attic floor, placement of furniture, decoration.

There is also such a thing as a semi-attic. This is originally a residential floor, which is combined with the roof. The design has expressive architecture and original appearance. The semi-attic floor is also used for permanent residence. The height of its walls does not exceed 0.8 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with an attic

The attic floor has both a number of advantages and a small list of disadvantages. The advantages include the following aspects:

If the arrangement of the attic was not initially included in the plans when building the house, then due to it living space you can increase it even without leaving your dacha or cottage. The construction will proceed at its own pace, and the remaining rooms can still be used, that is, the construction is carried out independently. This practice occurs quite often when the family grows and the housing becomes too cramped over time. This, perhaps, is the main advantage of the additional mezzanine.
A well-equipped attic will help reduce heat loss in the building. This will lead to a reduction in loads on heating system and more economical consumption energy.
The original architectonics of the ceiling is ideally suited to unusual modern trends, where configuration is the basis of the composition.
The best insolation. Since the attic is a priori higher than any other room in the house, it receives more light. If the windows are built into the roof, then Sun rays enter the room directly even at noon.
The attic opens up wide possibilities for space planning. Initially the floor has no interior walls, therefore, the decision on the placement of rooms, their sizes (width and length) is made only by the owners of the house. The layout does not require the demolition of partitions or the introduction significant changes. You can create zoning literally from scratch.
Good ventilation. The height at which the attic is located promotes rapid air exchange.

The disadvantages include the following factors:

The need for air conditioning in hot summers. The roof heats up very quickly and transfers heat to the attic, which is located closer to the other rooms. Unfortunately, in hot weather in the absence of air conditioning, there will be a real “steam room” here, like in a bathhouse.
Some psychologists believe that without a traditional “flat” ceiling above their heads, many people may experience discomfort. Complex architecture sloping roof It looks very unusual and beautiful, however, an excessive accumulation of details can actually cause irritation over time. The configuration can be easily adjusted using special finishing, decor, and color schemes.
The high cost of special roof windows, which will have to be purchased for spacious rooms where openings on the gables alone will not be enough.
If there are mistakes in construction, finishing, or thermal insulation, you can end up with a “cold” attic that even the most powerful heating boiler cannot save in winter.
The accumulation of snow in the winter on the glass of the attic windows, which will create an obstacle to light entering the room.
No type of sound insulation will completely eliminate rain “rustles” - the sounds of drops colliding with the roof. Moreover, it does not matter what type of coating is chosen (soft or hard). Although psychologists believe that the sound of water has a healing, calming effect, it can sometimes be very annoying.

By the way, another advantage can be considered the simplicity of placing a fireplace or stove. Stove heating can also be considered as an option. This will allow you to save on the consumption of other resources (gas, electricity) and create comfortable conditions in the attic winter time using “live fire” from coal or wood.

Construction of the attic floor

To make a plan correctly, you need to take into account a number of the following factors:

Living space. Its dimensions directly depend on the type of roof. Some varieties create too many areas that cannot be used expediently. The most economical option counts hip roof. Its rafter system, unlike a gable one, allows you to use every meter of the attic without “dead” areas.
Budget. If it is very modest, then you will have to be content with a pitched roof, since it is one of the cheapest options.
Snow and wind load. Precipitation should slide freely from the roof and not accumulate on it. In this case, the slope matters. If it is calculated incorrectly, precipitation will create an additional load on the roof, which it may not be able to withstand.
Choice suitable material for the rafter system. Many people mistakenly believe that wood is taboo. In fact, SNiP allows the use of wood if it has been properly pre-treated. Here the condition regarding the maximum height of the building is also met - no more than 75 m, that is, an increased number of storeys. Of course, for private households such figures are considered exorbitant. On average, even for every three-story house there are more than twenty ordinary one-story buildings.
Condition of the foundation and façade. Here they take into account not only the material from which the house was built, but also its service life, additional loads, general form(presence of cracks or other damage). Based on this, choose a certain rafter system and roofing material.
Loads on the walls of the house and foundation. Some types of roofs (single roofs) distribute loads unevenly, that is, one side of the building may have to be further strengthened. Without knowledge in this area, it is easy to make a mistake that threatens to turn into a collapse.

All these nuances must be taken into account when designing the attic. Additional floors with bay windows or terraces look luxurious. In the second case, households have access to open air overlooking the courtyard, securely protected by a canopy. Such verandas are sometimes glazed. Bay window structures most often repeat the shape of similar projections on the lower floors.

Roof trusses

Rafter truss is the rod system on which the roof is supported. In fact, this is the “backbone”, the skeleton of the attic, onto which layers of roofing sheathing, thermal insulation, communication lines, and interior decoration are “put on.” A roof truss consists of a number of components, the proper combination of which allows you to evenly distribute the loads on the load-bearing walls of the house:

Mauerlat. It is a log or beam that is laid on a load-bearing wall. Essentially, this is the “foundation” of the roof truss.
Ridge and side girders. These are beams that are positioned horizontally. The first is placed directly under the ridge, and the rest a little lower, perpendicular to the rafter “legs”.
Struts, spacers, diagonal connections - a system of communicative elements.
Layered and hanging rafters.

Since the loads on mansard roof quite large, the truss must have a margin of safety. It is provided by quality connection between individual system components. Most often, bolts, screws, welding or the tongue-and-groove type are used for these purposes. The design of the truss frame is chosen depending on the type of roof that will cover the attic floor. The distance between the external load-bearing walls is also taken into account. If it does not exceed 6.5 m, then layered rafters are chosen. In other cases, they resort to hanging supports. They are mounted on a tightening and on the Mauerlat. If necessary, the structure is reinforced with additional connecting links.

Roof construction

The shape of the attic directly depends on the type of roof. The additional floors themselves can be rectangular, broken, triangular, or asymmetrical. Attics can be located over the entire house or just over part of it. Roofs, depending on their shape, are classified into the following types:

Single-pitch.
Gable.
Three slopes.
Domed (conical, pyramidal).
Four slopes.

Three-pitched and domed attics are very rare due to the complex architecture. The first ones were popular back in Tsarist Russia, when exquisite home decoration was an indicator of family wealth. Dome ones are very complex design with no less “confusing” roof truss. Under round roofs from transparent materials Previously, greenhouses were hidden in rich mansions. Judging by the sophistication of the architecture, such a roof is a grandiose structure, impressive and eye-catching. WITH material point From our point of view, such construction will be very expensive, and therefore is not always justified. Four slopes are classified into four subspecies:

Hip.
Tent.
Half-hip
Hip-pediment.

In tents the ridge is completely absent. The attics under the roofs of the three remaining types have broken architectonics, which is not as pronounced as in gable roofs. For this reason, this nuance can be classified as an advantage rather than a disadvantage.

Single-pitch

The design of a pitched roof is considered the simplest. The roof is fixed to load-bearing walls inclined. This roof architecture is laconic and even borders on primitivism. For single-pitch options, the angle of inclination is of great importance. If it is calculated incorrectly, precipitation will accumulate and the load on the roof will increase. Attics under pitched roofs are not built very often. The premises will have asymmetrical shape due to different heights opposite walls. But windows can be easily built into a pitched roof and look very neat and consistent in one row.

Gable

Gable or gable roofs quite easy to install and are considered classic version for the arrangement of attic floors. As the name implies, such structures have two slopes that intersect at the top and rest on the ridge. Both planes “look” in different directions. Gable roofs are classified into three subtypes:

Symmetrical. The slopes diverge at the same angles and are a mirror image of each other. The pediment has a simple isosceles triangle configuration, and the ridge is located in the center of the structure.
Asymmetrical. The ridge of such roofs is offset relative to the conventional center of the house. Stingrays have equal length. Sometimes they are also called: roofs “with an offset ridge.”
With broken slopes. This type of roof was specifically designed for attics and attics. Broken slopes allow you to increase the area of the under-roof space.

Most popular option gable roof- “convex” with broken slopes. The ridge is located strictly in the center, and the pediment has the shape of an irregular but symmetrical pentagon.

Roof selection

The range of roofing materials is truly amazing. If earlier they made do with traditional slate laid on roofing felt, now the average person’s eyes widen when they see wide choice. Depending on their hardness, materials are classified into two types:

Soft (bitumen shingles).
Hard (slate, metal tiles).

When choosing a material, pay attention to the roof configuration. Not every type of roof is suitable for complex, broken structures. The most durable and nice option will become natural tiles, which is made from clay by firing. The material will be very expensive, but its service life - more than 150 years - fully pays for the cost. Second place in popularity is shared by asbestos-cement slate and metal tiles. The first is a mixture cement base with reinforcing asbestos fibers. Although many competitors have emerged in recent years, it still holds a leading position in the market. Slate can be flat or wavy. His classic color- gray, but some manufacturers paint the material in bright shades. The average service life of slate is 30 years. Metal tile - imitation of the same name ceramic material, made of galvanized steel, which is covered with a protective polymer film on both sides. The texture and color of the material imitates the original in detail. The average service life of metal tiles is 15 years. It is fireproof, easy to install, durable and inexpensive. Slightly less popular are ondulin, corrugated sheets (corrugated steel sheets) and piece composite, slate, bitumen, cement-sand tiles. For roofs with complex configurations, it is better to use soft roofing material.

Windows and ways to open them

On the attic floors, both ordinary vertical windows (built into the gables) and special inclined ones are used. They are located on the roof. The windows are called “dormer”. They literally look “at the sky” and give an indescribable feeling during rain or on starry nights, when you can fall asleep admiring the magnificent landscape. They are distinguished by types of opening. The usual rotary or tilt-and-turn mechanism in attic windows does not occur. The only exception will be “hatches” in the roof. Due to the specific location (at an angle), more often such double-glazed windows are equipped only with folding or sliding systems. Look luxurious in attics panoramic windows located on the gables. There are also miniature “balconies” equipped with a folding mechanism. They provide access to a small porch with a fence, a kind of mini-terrace.