How glasses irritated me as a child! I raised my head to look at the stars - they will definitely fall off my nose, and then look for them in the grass, and wipe them off from dew and dirt. Therefore, in order to admire the starry sky, I always took them off. But here another problem arose - without glasses it was possible to see only the brightest stars. Eh, who would have told me then, which star is actually closest to Earth,– you definitely wouldn’t need glasses to look at her!
Which star is closest to Earth
The closest star to us is our Sun.
Yes Yes, it Same is a star and not the most big in space. But to us it seems so huge relative to other stars precisely because of its relatively small distance.
It is still not so far from us by cosmic standards Alpha Centauri system. From her There are three stars closest to us:
- Alpha Centauri A.
- Alpha Centauri B.
- And in third place - no, not Alpha Centauri C, as you might think, but Proxima Centauri:)
Sirius, the brightest star in the sky, on this list takes only seventh place. And the North Star is not even included in the first fifty.
Why you can’t look at the Sun for a long time
Alas, although you can see the Sun even with poor eyesight, you shouldn’t stare at it for a long time. The reason lies in the structure of the human eye - If you look at a light source that is too bright for more than 3 seconds, you can damage your retina– and either spoil vision, or completely lose it.
Even during solar eclipses, when the brightness of our celestial body decreases greatly, it is necessary take precautions:
But if, even using some kind of protection, you feel Pain in the eyes or just a desire look away- it’s better to play it safe and look away from the sun. If some spots blink in your eyes when you close your eyelids, this is a sure sign that your eyes need to rest.
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Looking at the starry sky at night is the coolest thing! This cannot be compared with anything. Once I was at sea for three long months. I miss my family very much. Peering into the skies, I imagined that on another piece of the continent someone close to me was looking into the sky. I mentally conveyed greetings to them with the stars. I was very sad at such moments. And during the day I wanted to convey the same greetings with a ray of sunshine.
Which star is closest to our planet
Guys, thank you very much to everyone who answered the question. I was actually going to Google this topic! Now, I think I’ll read about the stars and show off my genius. And here, like this. Sun. What immediately comes to mind is: “Come on! That's all? So simple?".
And then I remember my dad’s stories about how stars differ from planets in that they glow, and the planets are only capable of reflecting the light of stars. And suddenly you realize that the Sun is the most... big celestial body which we can see.
What the Sun Gives
If you think about it globally, you want to cry. After all Sun, Earth, air, water - this is our life. Whether you love nature or not, we are nature. We are part of this world. And we could not live if the planet did not attract us to itself, if it was constantly dark and cold, if there was nothing to breathe.
I remember interesting experiments from school biology. We created air. Not themselves, of course. We were just watering the flowers on the windowsill. As you know, everything hgreen plants produce oxygen. For them it is a by-product, but for us it is an integral component of life. Remember how the reaction with chlorophyll occurs? Exactly. With the assistance of the light of the sun.
Divine gift
The sun helps plants to germinate from seeds, animals - gives warmth and lightT. It is not for nothing that the Sun is equated to a deity. In all religions peace There is solar deity, or Sun God:
- Ra- V Ancient Egypt;
- Yarilo- V Slavic mythology;
- Helios- among the Greeks;
- Surya– in Ancient Indonesia;
- Amaterasu- among the Japanese;
- Inti– in South Mesoamerica, etc.
Religions of the One God are also associated with the Sun. After all, liturgical holidays coincide with the days of the solstice and the ancient calendar and ritual holidays of the worship of the Sun.
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Who among you doesn't like to look at the starry sky? These shining points seem to whisper to us: “The Universe is infinite. You are not alone in this world.” Every summer, while visiting my grandmother in the village, I tried to count the number of stars, but my attempts were in vain. Now I understand that I cannot find the answer to this riddle by trusting only my visual apparatus and the absence of clouds in the sky.
How many stars are there in our galaxy
Planet Earth belongs to a galaxy called Milky Way. There are many stars in it, and only a small part of them is visible to our eyes through a telescope. Let me tell you why counting the number of stars poses the following problem:
- the distance from the Earth to the stars refracts the color spectrum of the latter (this occurs redshift), causing them to disappear from visibility.
- Air pollution and any changes in light (sunset) affect the view.
- Size and weight stars are directly dependent on its ability to be found from the distance of our planet.
Which star is closest to our planet?
The answer lies, so to speak, on the surface. The most close to Earth - star by name Sun.
Yes, this is exactly the object that we do not see in the night sky. Second and third place are shared Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B. They can only be seen while in the Southern Hemisphere. What will we see in the Northern Hemisphere? Only visible from here Bernard's star, which is located 5.9 light years from planet Earth. I'm sure you will be interested to know these data about such a familiar object as the Sun:
- it is located just in 150 ml km from the earth.
- Weight The sun is 99.8 % from the entire mass of its system.
- On 74% comprises hydrogen.
- This star is so big it can fit inside 1.3 million planets the size of ours.
Now temperature on the surface of the Sun is approximately 5,778 K. But, unfortunately, this figure increases every year, which leads to changes in our ecosystem. Existence on the planet depends on the Sun, so the importance of this closest star cannot be underestimated.
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You probably know that we all live in a place called solar system. It's such small area in the Milky Way galaxy, where the most important celestial body is the Sun. Even at school desks we were told about the structure of space and I know for sure that our planet is just a grain in the vast and endless Universe. Everything is alive what exists on The Earth is the result of multi-million-year evolutionary processes, but none of this would have happened if it weren’t for the star closest to us, which everyone knows as the Sun.
Which star is closest to our planet?
It is known for certain that even in the observable Universe there are thousands of stars different sizes and spectral classes, not to mention outer space as a whole, where there are trillions of them. It so happened that the closest star relative to our planet is G2V (yellow dwarf) with Latin name Solar, Russian speaking people call her Sun. The composition of the star includes mostly hydrogen and helium, which causes chemical synthesis called a thermonuclear reaction. However, it also contains other substances, for example:
- Iron.
- Silicon.
- Nitrogen.
- Calcium.
- Chrome, etc.
Data concentration chemical elements very, very insignificant. Based scientific research, The sun is already burning 5 billion years, it lived exactly half of its cycle, because the star’s resources are not endless, which means that in just a few billion years it will begin to evolve, dooming life on Earth to a tragic ending.
Evolution of the Sun
Because of hydrogen is becoming less and less, and the quantity helium, respectively, increases, the star will begin to shine 10% brighter in 1 billion years, which will complicate the development of carbon-based life forms on Earth due to serious greenhouse effect. Further, everything will only get worse in the same direction; in 3 billion years the star will become 40% brighter, which excludes the possibility of finding water in liquid aggregate condition on our planet. In the end, Earth will become what it is today Venus, and the Sun will grow in size, turning into Red giant, and then only one core will remain, which will cool for a very long time.
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At school I really liked astronomy lessons. After all, everything connected with space, with galaxies, with stars is shrouded in many secrets, and this is always interesting! In the evenings, when darkness falls, I still love to look at the starry sky, peer into tiny stars and admire the twinkling of larger stars. Have you ever thought about Which star is closest to Earth? I learned the answer to this question back in school, and it surprised me a little!
The closest star to Earth
This star is the Sun! When I found out, due to my age, I was slightly perplexed. After all, everyone knows that stars appear in the sky at night, and the Sun shines during the day! So what kind of star is this?! In fact, the Sun really is a star, and also the closest to our planet.
Characteristics of the Sun:
- Sun differs from other stars in its composition. It consists of hot plasma. That's why its temperature is so high that no creature can be near it!
- It accounts for 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System.
- The sun is so big that it could hold 1,300 planets comparable in size to Earth.
- The sun works like a magnet. It attracts all objects to itself Solar system, as well as asteroids and space debris.
The emergence of the Sun
It originated about 5 billion years ago from a vast molecular cloud. In this cloud, vortices were formed, reminiscent of tornadoes. In the central part, hydrogen began to gradually become denser. As a result, the Sun appeared.
It is believed that stars like the Sun function for 10 billion years. It means that our luminary has already lived half of its life.
The sun emits light and heat due to thermonuclear reactions in its core. Hydrogen atoms are converted into atoms of heavier elements. Until, While these reactions are taking place the Sun will be for us source of life. But as soon as all hydrogen is converted, the sun will cool down and will begin to increase greatly in size. After some time, it will shed its excess shells, and in place of the bright star there will be an extinct dwarf star. This is normal life cycle all stars
Which star is closest to Earth
Is our Sun It has double - the star Alpha Centauri. She is also called Toliman. Actually, this star system, which consists of:
- Alpha Centauri A;
- Alpha Centauri B;
- Proxima Centauri (red dwarf).
Exactly Proxima is nearest to us. And just recently in 2012 scientists found near a dwarf planet, Very similar to Earth. TI have water. The surface temperature is -40°C. And it receives 65% of the energy that the Earth receives. Therefore there is enough high chance, What on this there is life on the planet. Perhaps humanity will finally find brothers in mind. Moreover, to the planet not so far. Only 4.24 light years.
But let's return to our sheep, that is, to the stars. Alpha Centauri older our Sun for 2 billion years. Alpha A and Alpha B are almost impossible to distinguish. In order to get there you need to reach these two sisters travel almost 1 million years. We are waiting for the invention of fast ships.
On the verge of fantasy
Although I am an ardent skeptic, it would be a crime not to talk about the mystery of Alpha Centauri. As shown computer modelling, in water on the planet Proxima Centauri b live Cancerscorpios, once upon a time inhabited our Earth. Many scientists today share the opinion that people are aliens and come from Alpha Centauri. Unlike our smaller brothers, We are completely unsuited to life on Earth.
- People are not protected from sunlight.
- GravityEarth big for a person That's why we systematically suffer from leg pain.
- In human DNA present unknown genes.
- The biological clock people are designed for 25 hours.
As some eccentric scientists say, little green men were brought to Earth and crossed with apes. This is how modern man appeared. I don’t know if there is any truth in this, but no matter where people came from, Earth is our home. And the star Alpha Centauri will still wait for us.
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Proxima Centauri.
Here's a classic catch-up question. Ask your friends, " Which one is closest to us?" and then watch them list nearest stars. Maybe Sirius? Alpha is there something there? Betelgeuse? The answer is obvious - this is; a massive ball of plasma located approximately 150 million kilometers from Earth. Let's clarify the question. Which star is closest to the Sun?
Nearest star
You've probably heard that the third brightest star in the sky is only 4.37 light years away. But Alpha Centauri not a single star, but a system of three stars. First, a double star (binary star) with a common center of gravity and an orbital period of 80 years. Alpha Centauri A is only slightly more massive and brighter than the sun, and Alpha Centauri B is slightly less massive than the Sun. There is also a third component in this system, a dim red dwarf. Proxima Centauri.
Proxima Centauri- That's what it is the closest star to our Sun, located only 4.24 light years away.
Proxima Centauri.
Multiple star system Alpha Centauri located in the constellation Centaurus, which is visible only in the southern hemisphere. Unfortunately, even if you see this system, you will not be able to see Proxima Centauri. This star is so dim that you'll need a fairly powerful telescope to see it.
Let's find out the scale of how far Proxima Centauri from U.S. Think about . moves at a speed of almost 60,000 km/h, the fastest in. He covered this path in 2015 in 9 years. Traveling at such speed to get to Proxima Centauri, New Horizons will require 78,000 light years.
Proxima Centauri is the closest star over 32,000 light years, and it will hold this record for another 33,000 years. It will make its closest approach to the Sun in about 26,700 years, when the distance from this star to Earth will be only 3.11 light years. In 33,000 years, the nearest star will be Ross 248.
What about the northern hemisphere?
For those of us in the northern hemisphere, the closest visible star is Barnard's Star, another red dwarf in the constellation Ophiuchus. Unfortunately, like Proxima Centauri, Barnard's Star is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.
Barnard's Star.
Nearest star, which you can see with the naked eye in the northern hemisphere is Sirius (Alpha Canis Major) . Sirius is twice the size and mass of the Sun, and the most bright Star in the sky. Located 8.6 light-years away in the constellation Canis Major, it is the most famous star that haunts Orion in the winter night sky.
How did astronomers measure the distance to stars?
They use a method called . Let's do a little experiment. Keep one arm extended and place your finger so that some distant object is nearby. Now open and close each eye one by one. Notice how your finger seems to jump back and forth as you look with different eyes. This is the parallax method.
Parallax.
To measure the distance to stars, you can measure the angle to the star with respect to when the Earth is on one side of the orbit, say in the summer, then 6 months later when the Earth moves to the opposite side of the orbit, and then measure the angle to the star compared to which some distant object. If the star is close to us, this angle can be measured and the distance calculated.
You can actually measure the distance this way to nearest stars, but this method only works up to 100,000 light years.
20 nearest stars
Here is a list of the 20 closest star systems and their distance in light years. Some of them have multiple stars, but they are part of the same system.
| Star | Distance, St. years |
| Alpha Centauri | 4,2 |
| Barnard's Star | 5,9 |
| Wolf 359 (Wolf 359; CN Leo) | 7,8 |
| Lalande 21185 (Lalande 21185) | 8,3 |
| Sirius | 8,6 |
| Luyten 726-8 | 8,7 |
| Ross 154 | 9,7 |
| Ross 248 | 10,3 |
| Epsilon Eridani | 10,5 |
| Lacaille 9352 | 10,7 |
| Ross 128 | 10,9 |
| EZ Aquarii (EZ Aquarii) | 11,3 |
| Procyon | 11,4 |
| 61 Cygni | 11,4 |
| Struve 2398 (Struve 2398) | 11,5 |
| Groombridge 34 | 11,6 |
| Epsilon Indian | 11,8 |
| DX Cancri | 11,8 |
| Tau Ceti | 11,9 |
| GJ 106 | 11,9 |
According to NASA, there are 45 stars within a radius of 17 light years from the Sun. There are more than 200 billion stars. Some are so faint that they are almost undetectable. Perhaps, with new technologies, scientists will find stars even closer to us.
Title of the article you read "Nearest star to the Sun".
Since ancient times, man has turned his gaze to the sky, where he saw thousands of stars. They fascinated him and made him think. Over the centuries, knowledge about them accumulated and systematized. And when it became clear that the stars are not just luminous points, but real cosmic objects of enormous size, a person had a dream - to fly to them. But first we had to determine how far away they were.
The closest star to Earth
Using telescopes and mathematical formulas scientists managed to calculate the distances to our (excluding solar system objects) cosmic neighbors. So, which star is closest to Earth? It turned out to be little Proxima Centauri. It is part of a triple system located at a distance of approximately just over four light years from the Solar System (it is worth noting that astronomers more often use another unit of measurement - the parsec). She was named proxima, which means “nearest” in Latin. For the Universe this distance seems insignificant, but when modern level space shipbuilding, it will take more than one generation of people to achieve it.
Proxima Centauri
In the sky this star can only be seen through a telescope. It shines about one hundred and fifty times weaker than the Sun. It is also significantly smaller in size than the latter, and its surface temperature is two times lower. Astronomers consider this star and the existence of planets around it to be unlikely. And therefore there is no point in flying there. Although the triple system itself deserves attention - such objects are not very common in the Universe. The stars in them revolve around each other in bizarre orbits, and sometimes they “devour” their neighbor.
Deep space
Let's say a few words about the most distant object discovered so far in the Universe. From visible without the use of special optical devices- this is, without a doubt, the Andromeda Nebula. Its brightness is approximately a quarter magnitude. And the closest star to Earth in this galaxy is located from us, according to astronomers, at a distance of two million light years. Mind-blowing magnitude! After all, we see it as it was two million years ago - that’s how easy it is to look into the past! But let's return to our “neighbors”. The closest galaxy to us is a dwarf galaxy, which can be observed in the constellation Sagittarius. She is so close to us that she practically absorbs her! True, it will still take eighty thousand light years to fly to it. These are the distances in space! The Magellanic Cloud is not worth talking about. This satellite of the Milky Way is almost 170 million light years behind us.
The closest stars to Earth
There are fifty-one relatively close to the Sun. But we will list only eight. So, meet:
- Proxima Centauri, already mentioned above. Distance - four light years, class M5.5 (red or brown dwarf).
- The stars Alpha Centauri A and B. They are 4.3 light years away from us. Objects of class D2 and K1 respectively. Alpha Centauri is also the closest star to Earth, similar in temperature to our Sun.
- Barnard's Star - it is also called "Flying" because it moves at a high speed (compared to other space objects). Located at a distance of 6 light years from the Sun. Object class M3.8. In the sky it can be found in the constellation Ophiuchus.
- Wolf 359 is located 7.7 light years away. 16th magnitude object in the constellation Draco. Class M5.8.
- Lalande 1185 is 8.2 light years away from our system. Located in Object class M2.1. Magnitude - 10.
- Tau Ceti is located 8.4 light years away. M5,6 class star.
- The Sirius A and B system is eight and a half light years away. Stars class A1 and DA.
- Ross 154 in the constellation Sagittarius. Located at a distance of 9.4 light years from the Sun. M class star 3.6.
Only space objects located within a radius of ten light years from us are mentioned here.
Sun
However, looking at the sky, we forget that the closest star to Earth is still the Sun. This is the center of our system. Without it, life on Earth would have been impossible, and our planet was formed along with this star. That's why she deserves special attention. A little about her. Like all stars, the Sun is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. Moreover, the first one constantly turns into the last one. Formed as a result of and more heavy elements. And the older the star, the more they accumulate.
In terms of age, the closest star to Earth is no longer young, it is about five billion years old. is ~2.10 33 g, diameter - 1,392,000 kilometers. The temperature on the surface reaches 6000 K. In the middle of the star it rises. The atmosphere of the Sun consists of three parts: the corona, the chromosphere and the photosphere.
Solar activity significantly affects life on Earth. It is argued that climate, weather and the state of the biosphere depend on it. It is known about the eleven-year periodicity of solar activity.
Do you know which stars are closest to us?
Distances to our closest stars were first determined in 1838 using the trigonometric parallax method, which is still in use. Of the approximately 100 billion stars in the Milky Way Galaxy, only about 2.5 million are close enough to us for their parallaxes to be measured accurately. Only three stars - Alpha Centauri, Procyon and Sirius are here on the list of the 20 brightest stars. Most relatively nearby stars are fainter than the Sun and invisible without the aid of a telescope.
Sun
The stars closest to us: the Sun To the question which star is closest to us, the answer is very simple: it is the Sun. The star around which our planet revolves, and all the others that make up the solar system. The Sun is a star with a diameter of about 1,392,000 kilometers and itself makes up 98.2% of the total mass solar system.
The distance from the Sun to the Earth depends on its relative position, but the average is 149,600,000 km. Sunlight takes 8 minutes and 19 seconds to travel this distance, so if you look at the Sun, you will see it approximately as it was eight minutes ago. Imagine this: if for some bizarre reason the Sun disappears at this exact moment, we will have sunlight for 8 minutes and 19 seconds.
Alpha Centauri
The closest stars to us: Alpha Centauri Alpha Centauri (also known as Rigel Centauri) is the closest star system to the Sun, located 4.37 light years away (41.3 billion kilometers).
It consists of a system of three stars, gravitationally bound. A binary system of stars orbiting a center of mass, Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B, plus a third red dwarf star, Proxima Centauri, which orbits the 2 stars Alpha Centauri A and B.
The system also contains at least two Earth-sized planets Alpha Centauri Bb with approximately 113% of Earth's mass with a rotation period of 3236 days. Orbiting 6 million kilometers from the star at 1 or 4% of the Earth's distance from the Sun, the planet has an estimated surface temperature of at least 1,500 K (approximately 1,200 °C).
Star Barnard
The stars closest to us: Star Bernard Diameter: 0.20 sun
Brightness: 0.000441 sun
Class: M4V
Temperature: 3000ºC
Orbital period: 4 days
Distance to Earth: 5.9 light years
Mass: 0.15 sun
Age: 10,000 million years
At 5.94 light years (1.82 parsecs), Barnard's Star is the fourth closest star to us and the second star system closest to our Sun after the Trian system Alpha Centauri. It lies in the northernmost part of the constellation Ophiuchus, west of Chebelar (Beta Officers) and was discovered in 1916 by Edward E. Barnard.
Because it is a red dwarf, it cannot be seen from Earth without a powerful telescope.
Barnard's Star is approaching us at an unusual speed of 108 kilometers per second, so the distance decreases by 0.036 light years every century. Barnard's Star also has the greatest motion of any star, about 10.4 arcseconds per year or the equivalent of a lunar diameter every 180 years. This and its proximity make it an ideal candidate for exploring extrasolar planets, since any wobble motion as it passes across the sky caused by orbiting worlds will be relatively large. However, planets around Barnard's Star have not been confirmed.
Luhman 16
The stars closest to us: Luhman 16 WISE 1049-5319 (its full official name is WISE J104915.57-531906), also called Luhman 16, is a binary brown dwarf located in the southern constellation Velus 6.5 light-years from the Sun, making these brown dwarfs the third star. closest to the solar system, after the Alpha Centauri system (known since antiquity) and Barnard's star (discovered in 1916).
The primary, Luhman 16A, has a star rating of L8 ± 1, and the secondary, Luhman 16B, is likely nearby. The pair orbit each other at a distance of about 3 AU. with an orbital period of about 25 years.
WISE 0855–0714
The stars closest to us: WISE-0855-0714 WISE 0855–0714 is one of the stars closest to our planet, and one of the coldest objects of its type in space.
WISE 0855–0714 was discovered in 2014 by American astronomer Kevin Luhmann using the WISE infrared telescope, after which it was named. By its type, it belongs to the class of subbrown dwarfs - stars whose weight is below the brown dwarf limit. This star is located in the constellation Hydra and is a single star.
The distance from WISE 0855–0714 to Earth is only 7.27 light years. This star is the fourth closest star to us, after the Alpha Centauri system, Barnard's Star and the binary star Luhmann 16. The exact age of this star is unknown. It is believed to be between 1 and 10 billion years old.
WISE 0855–0714 has the lowest temperature in space among objects of its type. Astronomical studies have shown that the temperature of WISE 0855–0714 is within 245 Kelvin, which is approximately -30 degrees Celsius. Further research on WISE 0855–0714 continues to this day.
Wolf 359
The stars closest to us: Wolf 359 This extremely faint star is located just 7.8 light years from Earth in the Constellation Leo. Like red dwarf stars in Earth's night sky, the star is too hazy to be visible to the naked human eye. Its correct motion was discovered by Max (Maximilian Franz Joseph Cornelius) Wolf (1863-1932), a pioneer of astrophotography who discovered hundreds of variable stars and asteroids and about 5,000 nebulae by analyzing photographic plates.
Laland 21185
The stars closest to us: Laland 21185 Lalande 21185 is a red dwarf - spectral class M2.0V, whose effective temperature is 3526 K.2 Has a mass and diameter less than half that of the Sun. Its brightness corresponds exactly to 2% of the brightness of the sun and its relative amount of elements that are heavier than helium is 52% of the sun ( = -0.28). It moves perpendicular to the galactic plane at a speed of 47 km/s. Although much older than the Sun, whose age is about 4600 million years, Lalande 21185 is believed to be no more than 10,000 million years old.
Lalande 21185 is 8.31 light-years from the solar system and within 20,000 years, is only 4.7 light-years from Earth.
Sirius
The stars closest to us: Sirius Sirius is the only bright star in the night sky.
It is located 8.60 light years (2.64 parsecs) from Earth, in the constellation Canis Major. Sirius is not the brightest star, but it is more visible than other stars because it is located so close to the solar system.
Sirius is slowly approaching Earth and will gradually brighten over the next 60,000 years before it begins to retreat. However, it will remain the brightest star seen on Earth for the next 210,000 years.
Sirius can be observed from almost any populated place on Earth. Only those who live beyond the parallel of 73º, a few degrees above the Arctic circle, cannot see this, for example, in St. Petersburg, where it reaches only 13º.93.
From Earth it seems that the stars are so close. We see them as very small, but in reality they are simply enormous in size. They are also located at a great distance from our planet. There are both distant and closest stars.
Many can immediately say that the closest star to Earth is the Sun. But in fact, we will talk about the other closest star to Earth - Proxima Centauri. This star was discovered in 1915 by an astronomer from England. Until this time, astronomers believed that the closest star was Alpha Centauri. But if you look at it from a physical point of view, these two stars represent one double star. The closest star to Earth is a red dwarf.
These stars have small size and low temperature. But over time, they begin to shrink even more and at the same time heat up. After some time, these stars turn into white dwarfs. After some time, this will happen to the closest star Proxima Centauri. Besides all this, this star is a flare star. In the second half of the last century, astronomers considered it the most active in this regard.
This was discovered by American astronomer Harlow Shelley. During the flash, its brightness increases. Proxima Centauri is a dim star, so it is impossible to see it without a telescope. It is worth noting that the most a nearby star cannot be seen in the northern hemisphere. To see it you need to start at 27 degrees northern latitude. From Earth to the nearest star is 4.2 light years. It is worth noting that the star closest to Earth is 7 times smaller than the Sun. Proxima Centauri is part of one star, Alpha Centauri.
It was Alpha Centauri that was previously considered the closest star to the Sun. Interestingly, this star is located in the constellation Canis Major and was originally named VY. The star closest to the Sun orbits Alpha Centauri every half a million years. But there are no orbiting planets around this star. This star also emits very little energy.
The constellation Canis Major has a dwarf elliptical cluster that is closest to Milky Way. Sometimes Proxima Centauri intersects with this cluster. This constellation also includes the brightest star - Sirius. It is worth noting that Sirius can be considered the closest star to our planet and to the Sun. It is believed that the closest city to the stars is Prague. According to legend, the fate of this city was predicted before its founding.