First of all, let's find out how a drill differs from a hammer drill, and only then we can answer the question of how to choose a drill.
Today, almost all manufacturers sell impact drills. With this drill you can perform the following types work: drilling holes in various materials, including brick and concrete, tightening and unscrewing screws, self-tapping screws and self-tapping screws.
Rotary hammers additionally offer the following capabilities: drilling holes in particularly hard materials ( reinforced concrete, stone), chiselling. Thus, at first glance, a hammer drill is preferable to a drill, but along with the advantages, it has a number of disadvantages.
First of all, with the same power, a hammer drill is more expensive than a drill. Due to the peculiarities of fastening in the hammer drill chuck, it is impossible to use conventional drills without a special adapter (which often comes standard with the hammer drill), which lengthens the size of the tool, creates additional vibration and thereby makes the hammer drill less durable, reliable and convenient to use.
A pleasant exception to this rule are rotary hammers with replaceable chucks. One of the most successful representatives of these models in terms of price-quality ratio is the BOSCH 2-24 DFR HAMMER.
However, if you do not need to perform a large amount of work with drilling in hard materials, then you may well opt for an impact drill. A good drill in this class is the BOSCH GSB 2-20 RE.
Cordless drills
The next thing to pay attention to is the power source. Basically, two options are used: from the mains and from the battery. Tool with self-powered It is advisable to use where there are no sockets nearby, in hard to reach places and for work involving frequent movement of workers (it is very difficult to quickly move from one place to another, while dragging a wire behind you).
The disadvantages of such a tool are the short operating time between recharges and high cost rechargeable batteries (although many cordless tool models include two batteries and a charger).
Professional and household tools
All power tools are divided into professional and household. A professional tool designed for long hours of daily work. The quality of the materials used in its assembly is much higher than that of household tools, which significantly increases its reliability.
The advantage of a household tool is its low cost and light weight. Many companies focus on ergonomics, i.e. appearance, ease of use. Household tools can be used for no more than 4 hours a day, and breaks should be taken every 15 minutes for approximately the same amount of time.
Power tool manufacturing companies are also trying to produce professional tools in developed countries where workers have more professional qualifications. Accordingly, the production of household tools, where the manufacturing technology is less complex, is transferred to less developed countries, because work force it's much cheaper there.
For example, the German company BOSCH all heavy equipment, including professional hammer drills and drills are manufactured only in Germany, while amateur or “household” tools are entrusted to China and Malaysia.
How to distinguish a professional tool from a household one?
First of all, manufacturers try to inform the buyer about what kind of tool he is buying by marking their products with housings different color. For information, there is a table where you can see what color a particular brand of power tool has for household and professional tools.
Now let's say a few words about the characteristics of the power tool. The main ones are: rated power, number of revolutions or rotation speed, maximum drilling diameter. An important point is the rotation speed adjustment. Almost all modern drills and hammer drills have this feature. The rotation speed depends on the force of pressing the start button.
Separately, it is worth noting two-speed drills. In these models, for a more rational use of the power of the tool, a mechanism is used that resembles the operating principle of a car gearbox. A good option for a two-speed drill is the BOSCH GBM 13-2 RE tool. The speed selection is carried out using a wheel. The drill is equipped with control electronics for precise centering; thanks to the reverse, it is suitable for driving in and out screws. This drill can also be used in a drill press stand.
Types of drill cartridges
1. Traditional, well-known cam or toothed chuck, in which the drill is secured with a key.
2. A quick-release chuck, in which a little hand effort is enough to secure the drill. The clamping quality of such a chuck is no worse than a serrated one. There are one- and two-sleeve quick-release chucks. The two-case cartridge has two rotating rings - for clamping and loosening. Easy-to-handle single-case cartridges (press+lock and auto-lock) offer the most convenient way to change the drill.
3. SDS collet chuck. These systems were developed by BOSCH. Most modern system- this is auto-lock. The spindle of the device is automatically locked after stopping and you just need to turn the drill chuck to replace and fix the drill. The convenient 1-speed drill BOSCH GSB 16 RE and the powerful 2-speed drill BOSCH GSB 22-2 RE are equipped with this chuck.
The BOSCH GSB 16 RE drill is equipped with an auto-lock lock, a comfortable grip for work, and control electronics. Its power consumption is 650 W. Select the speed using the adjusting wheel. Soft handle - for vibration-free work. The BOSCH GSB 22-2RE drill is perfect for performing the most heavy work for drilling and screwing in screws. Equipped with an Auto-lock lock, vibration control, electronic speed control wheel, safety clutch for safe operation, chrome-plated drill chuck, etc. Power consumption - 1010 W.
If you need an inexpensive good drill, then we can recommend BOSCH GBH 6 RE. This drill is convenient for working in narrow places, when drilling overhead, as it is very compact and weighs little. Also equipped with electronics for precise centering, practical carrying clip, completely ball bearings for a long service life, plastic housing reinforced with glass fibre. Its power consumption is 350 W. Almost all models impact drills have analogues of cordless tools available.
Now let's talk about hammer drills
Hammers are used for chiselling and drilling in concrete and stone. Using a hammer drill and a special chisel attachment, you can very quickly remove any tiles and tiles. To do this, simply turn on the rotation lock, and the hammer drill will operate in jackhammer mode. A hammer drill can easily make small openings, recesses, and cable channels.
The most interesting small hammer drills in the price-quality category are the following types:
BOSCH GBH 2-24 DSR. Efficient hammer drill with optimized impact mechanism, rotation lock for light chiselling work, Vario-lock system for locking the chisel in 36 angular positions, impact lock for drilling in wood and metal, electronic control for soft start, etc. Power - 620 W.
BOSCH GBH 2-24 DFR. In our opinion, the most worthy hammer drill in its class. It differs from the previous hammer drill in that it has a quick chuck change system (SDS-plus - for SDS drills and quick-clamping for conventional drills). In the previous model, a regular chuck is inserted into the hammer drill by extension, which lengthens the tool and creates additional vibration when drilling.
Many hardware stores that sell construction tools, offer a wide range. Many buyers have a reasonable question: how does a professional tool differ from a tool? everyday value? After all, it is worth noting that in terms of their main purpose, appearance and capabilities, professional and household tools are actually no different. As a standard, vibrating plates are tamped, a saw is cut, a screwdriver is screwed, etc. If you follow all the rules, then professional and household tools will perform the assigned tasks equally well. But what is the difference?
Household tool
Often, household tools are used only for occasional work in the country, around the house or in the garage. For example, a grinder is used when you need to cut a piece of metal, a drill to hang a donated picture, hang a shelf, secure a cornice, etc. When a tool is used so rarely, then the performance of the tool does not matter at all, here the price comes to the fore, and manufacturers produce such a tool at a very reasonable cost. Such a tool goes on sale in a regular box and is extremely rarely equipped with additional devices to expand the range of work.
The professional type tool is designed for 24/7 use. Such a tool is ready to perform the tasks assigned to it 24 hours a day. For example, on a construction site it is used not only for drilling holes in metal, wood, concrete, ceramic tiles, but also for mixing solutions when laying tiles or installing floor screed. Some Heavy Duty models can even perform the unusual job of screwing screws. A special sanding attachment makes it possible to grind metal, wood and other materials.
IN in this case The performance of the tool is of significant importance, therefore, such tools, which are offered by the companies Milwaukee, Wacker Neuson, etc., have a large reserve of power and performance relative to household tools. Often such a tool has more reliable design, which uses wear-resistant materials. All solutions that developers use when creating such a tool are aimed at increasing reliability, ergonomics, convenience and reducing worker fatigue. This tool allows you to use it equally comfortably with both left and right hands.
A professional tool with electric drive equipped with a longer and frost-resistant electrical cord. On average 2-3 meters longer than in household models. Industrial grade tool in mandatory It is equipped with additional devices for more efficient performance of work. Eg, electric plane may include devices for selecting quarters, and a tool for cutting slats.
A similar tool is supplied in a special shock-resistant suitcase, so it can be moved from site to site without any problems, which is important for construction companies. Suitcase - Box Milwaukee is practical and suitable for carrying both the tool itself and various accessories, and is not afraid of falls and shocks. The cordless professional tool is equipped with pulse chargers, which reduces charging time to forty minutes. Moreover, it is possible not only to charge the battery, but also to work in charge saving mode.
Where can I buy Milwaukee industrial tools on favorable terms?
If you wish and construction equipment from the world's most famous brands Milwaukee (Milwaukee), Euroboor, (Euroboor), Wacker Neuson (Wacker Neuson), Kaeser (Kaiser compressors) on favorable conditions, then the online power tool store "Instrument - 24" is exactly the option that you have been looking for for so long. We offer a wide range of products from trusted manufacturers who offer professional-type tools and equipment. The quality of technology has been confirmed by time and many construction companies Worldwide.
During our activity, we have managed to establish partnerships with many manufacturers directly, which has a positive effect on pricing - there is no intermediary markup. If you have any difficulties during the selection process, our experienced manager-consultant with extensive work experience will come to the rescue. The quality of each instrument is confirmed by appropriate certificates.
IN Electric instruments have a unique classification. It is not kept silent, but sellers do not particularly advertise it, so not everyone knows about it. This means that tools produced by the same company and having the same performance characteristics may differ significantly.
The distinction implies the division of tools into professional, semi-professional and household. How significant the difference is can be judged by the cost. So you can buy Bosch rotary hammers at the best prices, choosing not a professional, but a household modification.
In this case, the difference in price can be 100 percent or more. This is easy to verify by comparing professional and household models of tools http://abo.ua/elektroinstrument/bosch/.
But is it worth paying more if there is a cheaper option? On the other hand, isn't a low price an indicator of equally low quality?
To answer these questions, you need to understand how, besides price, professional and household types of tools differ. And also where to use the first and where the second and, finally, how to distinguish one from the other.
The main differences between professional and household tools
Despite certain external differences (we'll talk about them later), the main difference between home and professional tools is their filling.
For ease of comparison, we summarize the main differences in the table:
| Professional tool | Household tool |
| Almost all power units, and sometimes even body elements, use steel | Only the gears and shafts of the mechanisms are steel; silumin is used for the power elements of the body |
| The body is made of impact-resistant plastic, often reinforced. | Regular plastic is used for the body |
| Typically, sealed ball bearings are used. | Sliding bearings are used, sometimes even plastic ones |
| The electrical part is on bolt terminals, the wires are equipped with lugs. | The wires are connected using spring terminals. |
| Bolts and nuts are used to assemble the housing | The housing is assembled with screws |
The purpose of all these design solutions can be briefly defined as a focus on long-term continuous operation of the mechanism. This is where the main difference between a professional instrument lies.
If used for a long time without a break, a household tool will fail. And not because it is bad, but because it is not designed for long-term operation.
Lubricant will leak from an overheated bearing, the housing will “behave” from prolonged dynamic influences, the contacts will oxidize and the motor brushes will burn.
But let the instrument “rest” in accordance with its passport and it will work for a long time and successfully.
When choosing a power tool, many consumers do not always understand what the difference is between a professional and a household tool? It’s not uncommon to see a drill of unknown origin proudly labeled “Professional” for 1,000 rubles, while an unadorned drill from a branded company can cost up to five thousand rubles or more.
Sometimes a special one will help make the choice easier. color coding. Thus, professional tools from Bosch are produced of blue color, green the colors are coming like a household one. But not all manufacturers do this, so let’s try to figure out what the difference is.
Professional screwdriver BOSCH
Household screwdriver BOSCH
How to choose a professional power tool?
Firstly, a professional tool, be it a drill or a screwdriver, a saw or a plane, is intended for long-term professional use, i.e. for several hours every day, with rare short breaks (mainly to rest the worker, not the tool).
An amateur power tool works no more than 2 hours a day or twenty hours a month in the “twenty minutes of work - the same amount of rest” mode.
Consequently, the first difference between a professional power tool is high reliability and survivability, which are achieved by better design and quality materials. Where a household tool has a bushing or a sliding bearing, a professional tool has a ball or roller bearing, and a sealed one at that.
For professional tool bodies, higher quality plastic is used, often reinforced. For metal parts, alloyed, heat-treated steels are used. IN household power tools, as a rule, ordinary structural products without additional treatments.
The lubrication system is also very different. The closed bearing of one works for years without requiring maintenance, while in another, during intensive work, the lubricant leaks out due to overheating and the tool fails in a matter of weeks if it is not given a rest every 15 minutes.
For reliability, and therefore a long service life, the professional tool is equipped with a “Soft Start” mode to reduce the current surge when turned on. Equipped with automatic switch-off of brushes when they reach extreme wear, as well as automatic switch-off when overheating.
Has release couplings in case of jamming of the working element (drill or saw blade). A professional tool has better dust protection, primarily for the most vulnerable parts - motor windings and bearings.
Secondly, a professional tool designed for long-term continuous work, has the best ergonomics - a comfortable body shape, non-slip handles, shock absorbers.
Third, professional tools are better suited to work at low temperatures. Network cable usually has rubber outer shell, unlike vinyl chloride for household ones.
Fourth, for “professionals” a wide range of attachments and additional devices are produced, usually developed by the same company and intended specifically for specific models. Example - tools and accessories from Hilti, Bosch, Devolt, etc.
Professional HILTI tool
Professional DeWALT tool
Professional tool MAKITA
How to set priorities?
It is no secret that the price of a professional tool is higher than a similar household one, sometimes 3-4 times. So what to choose, what to stop at? Does it mean that in all cases, a home-made craftsman, purchasing a household tool, is forced to throw it away because it is unusable after a few months, while a professional one will last for decades without any maintenance, working for several hours every day? Of course not.
When used wisely (do not drill high-strength concrete with a household drill for days on end, do not saw household jigsaw thick boards and chipboards, do not plan larch and painted boards with a low-power plane), following the recommended regime, timely sharpening and replacement of working parts, household tools from even a little-known company can last for many years.
Expensive, highly reliable power tools famous brands like "Hilti" or "Devolt" also needs care. Neglecting the manufacturer's recommendations according to the principle: the tool is highly reliable, will withstand anything without any maintenance - is fraught with damage to an expensive item.
What does the term “professional” mean in this case? The most direct and correct interpretation- intended for work on a commercial basis, that is, generating income for the master. The popular point of view that the differences between a professional instrument and a “household” (amateur) one are only in the level of manufacturing, to put it mildly, is incorrect. This means that you can only tell the difference technological features no way.
Editorial PM
There is an opinion that a professional tool differs from a “household” one only in the level of manufacturing. This is, to put it mildly, incorrect.
All aspects are equally important here: the ability to withstand intensive use, provide low fatigue, high precision and productivity, as well as payback. The last factor combines the ratio of initial cost and resource, availability and cost of maintenance, and reliability.
Nutrition
The second most popular tool after a hammer is a drill. A machine whose operating principle is extremely simple. All that is required is an easy-to-grip body and a motor to rotate the drill clamped in the chuck. Is it possible to complicate things here? It turns out that it is possible and even necessary. Let's begin with different materials require different speeds of rotation of the equipment, and the “drill” itself determines the speed of rotation. So, with an increase in the diameter of the hole being made, it is necessary to reduce the “revolutions”. Here's the reason for the first complication: the rotation speed needs to be adjusted. Responsible for this the electronic unit, built into the start key or separate from it. An extremely simple case is simple modulation of the input signal over time, that is, regular on/off. The effective voltage value changes, and with it the maximum engine speed.
This is exactly how a typical diagram for an amateur drill works. Its main disadvantage is that by reducing the frequency, we inevitably lose the torque reserve that is so necessary when working with viscous materials and/or large equipment. Now, if the “block” monitored the load and added watts at the moment when they were needed... This is exactly how circuits at the next level of complexity, worthy of a professional tool, function. Of course, the speed will still “float” depending on the load, but not within such a wide range. Work will become more comfortable, more accurate and more productive.
The next level in the hierarchy belongs to “constant” electronics. Few tool brands have it, including Bosch, DeWALT, AEG and other leading companies. The electronic board in such tools is equipped with an inductive or other magnetic sensor and monitors the rotation of the armature. In this case, the stability of the move will be greatest, and the entire power reserve is always available.
It’s worth saying a few words about the design. Relatively simple circuits often performed directly in the trigger body; more complex ones require a separate board. A manufacturer of household models can afford to protect it from oxidation with varnish and from destruction by attaching the heaviest parts with hot glue. All this is not very reliable; the best option, long ago accepted as a basis by serious enterprises, is complete filling with a polymer composition.
In the age of computers and microprocessors, it would be extremely short-sighted to assign such narrow functions to electronics. What else might be needed? Without going into details, we will simply list other options that have found application in drills: temperature control of the windings and forced shutdown to avoid overheating, limitation of the torque developed by the motor, pulse rotation mode, indication of overload and the need for maintenance - this is a list of just a few popular modifications.
Motor
The power supply for a “professional” motor is understandable. Now about the “heart” itself. They all have the same design - a commutator electric motor, but the execution is different. The efficiency, and hence the heating, depends on the size and uniformity of the magnetic gap (between the armature and the stator). A low-quality motor overheats quickly. If it does not “burn out” immediately, the increased thermal load quickly destroys the wire insulation in the coils, interturn short circuits appear, the destruction process progresses... But what prevents you from maintaining accuracy? This includes equipment, assembly culture and, of course, hull rigidity. By the way, the type (in fact, the cost) of the insulating varnish and hardening impregnation used also determines a lot - this is resistance to overheating and abrasive wear from sucked dust.
The next problem that requires high technological costs is mechanics. On Idling the rotor develops colossal speeds - 20-30 thousand per minute. Not every bearing can withstand this. Required condition ensuring reliability - using high-quality components, but this is not enough, it is important good protection from dust and tight fit. It is best if the front bearing is seated in the metal of the gearbox housing or, if it is not separate, in its metal shield. Household models often have neither a body nor a shield...
The rear support for all models is usually plastic. On high-quality machines there is a rubber bushing between the clip and the “bed”. If it is not there, there is a high risk of the entire bearing turning, which means immediate melting of the seating area and failure of the tool. Note that simply the absence or presence of a rubber ring does not mean much - on a household tool it may not be durable enough, but on a professional one it can be replaced with another modification, for example a clamp.
Another challenge associated with turnover is balancing. Manufacturers of only household tools often do not have the equipment to accurately correct imbalances. A typical feature of products from such a plant is holes drilled in the armature cage. But if instead of them there are neat slots, it means the technology is up to par.
Gearbox
Rotation received next stage- its transfer to the cartridge. The drive gear teeth are always cut on the front shank of the armature shaft. If its metal is of the wrong grade or poorly heat-treated, rapid wear is inevitable. For the same reason, sudden “death” can occur - when a thick drill jams, the soft shaft can lead. Such a defect is atypical for a high-quality household tool, and even more so for a professional one.
If the drill is highly specialized, it has one pair of wheels in the gearbox; if it is universal, it has several. “Synchronizers” are responsible for the smoothness and accuracy of gear shifting; their task is to align the teeth of the pair being switched on, even if they do not match. For professional drills, their presence is the rule; for household ones, it is rather the exception.
In the gearbox, the torque increases many times, and the loads also increase. This is one of the reasons why a professional drill needs a strong and rigid gear housing. Best option- metal: it also provides good heat dissipation. But such a box is heavy, so professional models often use a plastic case. The external resemblance to a household machine is so great that one is tempted to wonder: is there a difference? Yes, and a very significant one!
In addition to internal reinforcing elements (cast metal shields), professional models have other secrets. The worst case is considered to be a case made of thin and smooth (shiny) plastic. The mirror-like cleanliness of the surface indicates that no filler was used - fiberglass. It makes molding difficult and worsens the appearance. Some manufacturers solve this problem by increasing the binder content. This increases strength, but manufacturing accuracy suffers. Of course, the clumsy appearance is not so bad, but loose joints are already a serious flaw... Some of the famous companies also use original compositions, achieving unique qualities. For example, DeWALT makes models with glass-filled nylon bodies - they are strong, rigid and non-fragile.
Many household models have a gearbox with a metal housing. Maybe this equates them to professionals? Unfortunately no. It is important not only to make the casting, but also to process it well - uneven planes require thick gaskets that reduce rigidity, but this does not make the body airtight. And in professional models there are gearboxes assembled without gaskets or sealants at all, and the joints “don’t sweat” (I’ve seen this on Bosch models).
Gears and lubrication
Gears are mainly made using powder metallurgy methods; in rare cases, teeth are cut on machines. But mechanical processing is mandatory, although in household analogues it is often neglected. At the same time, the abrasion resistance decreases and large gaps are initially created.
Speaking about mechanics, we cannot fail to mention the most important component of durability - lubrication. Her selection is subtle and difficult task, the solution of which depends on the features temperature regime, loads in friction pairs and materials. A good instrument can be used in very different ways. external properties compositions. It is clear that competent service is impossible without high-quality service support, but where can you get it if you purchase a product from a fly-by-night company?
“Everything in a person should be beautiful...” The same can be said about the instrument: both the filling and the appearance. Ergonomics depend on the shape, layout and weight distribution. Household models are made according to standard patterns, and companies engaged in the manufacture of products for professionals conduct their own research. This is only to the advantage of the master - you can always choose a car for yourself. At the same time, designers, if necessary, go off the beaten path, creating planetary gearboxes, adding angular gears (AEG ErgoMax), rotary brush holders and other unusual innovations.
Hammers
Close “relatives” of drills are hammer drills. Their fundamental difference is in the design of the impact mechanism - it is compression-vacuum. This type of tool is complex both from a design and technological point of view. As for the drive and power supply, the device and the differences between “amateurs” and “pros” are completely similar to drills.
The most important internal parts of a rotary hammer are the cylinder, its drive and the firing pin. Design complexity - compact placement. Why do most household models have a vertical layout and bulky dimensions? You shouldn’t think that it’s because of the generosity of the manufacturer, who spared no metal to create a “killer” machine... In defiance of this approach, modern professional hammer drills are usually “packed” so tightly that disassembling them is impossible without the use of special tools. The result is a convenient and lightweight, yet productive tool for efficient work. By the way, companies specializing specifically in household tools often neglect the torque limiting clutch, and it is very important for safety!
Essential has also engineering development at the design stage. Calculation of the dynamics of the impact mechanism gives a strong blow with low recoil. On powerful machines this is not enough, so they install shock-absorbing handles (Milwaukee Kango) or come up with other moves. Pneumatics must be efficient and not suck in outside air (there is a lot of dust!). Lubrication is a completely separate issue: its properties should facilitate rapid access to operating mode and ensure low wear (if there is an excessive amount of lubricant, too much power will be expended).
Rubber seals must remain elastic for a long time, resisting abrasion and high temperature. The firing pin is susceptible to riveting. Of course, when developing such complex products, innovations from leading companies could not help but appear, for example, the authorship of the worldwide popular types of clamps SDS-Plus and SDS-Max belongs to Bosch.
The lightweight and powerful hammer drill is convenient to use as a low-speed drill. IN household class To implement this possibility, it will be necessary to install an adapter cartridge, which increases the longitudinal dimension and introduces “laxity” into the design. Professionals are able to surprise here too, for example, in the DeWALT D25104K-QS, the clamp for the drill is removable, and a cartridge is installed instead (replacement is done with a slight movement of the hand). A similar system is found in both Bosch (models with the DFR index) and Milwaukee (PLH 32 XE). And here is an example of a different kind - Elmos BM-60: this tool has a two-speed gearbox, the metal body of which is covered with plastic for safety reasons (to protect against burns when touched); The reverse function also allows for screwdriver work.
Cordless tool
However, such giant companies as Bosch, DeWALT and Milwaukee are able to offer absolutely incredible developments in this area: cordless rotary hammers. It is clear that there are no traces of any household analogues here: there are self-powered drills and screwdrivers, but rotary hammers are much more “gluttonous”. Therefore, modern models of cordless hammer drills have a voltage of 24 or 36 V.
By the way, the differences are easy to judge by traditional models. The first thing you pay attention to when comparing a good professional screwdriver with an amateur one, the difference is in torque. Increasing it without reducing output speed (it entails a loss of performance) is impossible with engine modernization alone (relatively simple). Motorists will easily understand the analogy with starting a car - even a working starter can barely turn the engine when the battery is useless.
Naturally, the operating time on one charge is also a subject for comparison. However, it is not the only one that is important - being equipped with spare batteries and fast charger, the “pro” is able to work continuously. To reduce charging time, various technologies are used - battery cases are made metal or perforated (promotes heat dissipation), and “smart” electronics are installed that control the voltage and charge cycle. It was the development of these technologies that allowed the birth of many tools, the autonomy of which was previously unthinkable: construction vacuum cleaner(DeWALT), miter saws, circular saws and other saws (Bosch, DeWALT, Elmos, Milwaukee). There are also simply original ones, even if they don’t require high technology, but clearly not typical: for example, Elmos even makes a cordless stapler and jigsaw.