The fence serves reliable protection for home. It will warn against stray dogs or unwanted guests entering the area. Today you can make beautiful fencing from any material: metal, mesh or brick.
Reliable and economical option there will be a wooden fence on metal poles, which is easy to do with your own hands.
Types of wooden fences
How to build a high-quality wooden fence cheaply, watch the video:
Fence decoration
The installed fence can be decorated if desired climbing plants. This type of decoration is suitable for all types of fences.
If the owner of the property has a romantic nature, decorating the fence with fresh roses will suit him. Roses are planted close to the fence so that they fall on Sun rays. The distance between bushes should not be less than two meters.
Plant support carried out using a metal mesh installed by hand. The flowerbed should consist of flowers that match the paintwork.
Decorating with flowers in plastic pots will give your fence a delightful look and design flair. Pots are attached along the entire perimeter of the wooden structure with fresh flowers already prepared in advance in them.
Decorating a fence with mosaic elements - not an easy task, requiring time and force loads. The whole family can be involved in this activity. Broken mirrors or tiles will be useful for this work.
The pieces are applied to the surface, representing a single composition or pattern. After completion of the work, the fence will not look like wooden structure“like everyone else”, but will become the pride of the family.
Wood carving
Wood carving has always been valued and used in the construction of houses and fences. This decoration adds to the design folk color and originality. The most common carved fence is with lace.
To create it, you will need a pre-prepared drawing on paper, which is then transferred to a wooden surface. Best used for carving thin wood, from which the drawing will be cut.
A novice master should limit himself to a simple image, so as not to create additional difficulties when cutting.
After applying the design, they begin cutting out. For craftsmen who are fluent in using a jigsaw, such a task will not present any particular difficulty.
A wood saw needs fine teeth.. It will provide a smooth surface around the edges of the product. If blots are still made in the work, they can be rubbed off with sandpaper.
When creating a pattern on the surface of a fence, craftsmen often use the technique of geometric carving. As pattern elements use circles, triangles, diamonds and other shapes.
Creation work geometric patterns labor-intensive. However, they are quite doable even for novice builders. Cut out patterns using a sharpened wood knife. This type of fence decoration refers to Russian folk art.
Cutting contour edges will add volume to the fence. With this type of carving you can give free rein to your imagination and creative thoughts. The design in such a composition does not matter; it can be anything.
The work is done entirely manually. The volume effect will be enhanced if you use one color at the edges and add a more saturated shade in the middle.
Types of decorative fences
Decorative fences have various variations. The most common:
Install decorative fence It’s not difficult if you know the basics of technology and the rules for doing the work.
Since ancient times, fences have been built in Rus'. They were mostly wooden. With the advent of new technologies, materials such as metal, reinforced concrete, polycarbonate, corrugated sheeting, brick are increasingly crowding out the aesthetic, but not so durable wooden fence from our lives. Who gives preference environmentally friendly materials, creates design on his site in rustic style or already has wooden house, chooses a wooden fence. In addition, if you study the issue in detail, you will see how diverse wooden fences are. They can be one of the most impressive elements in your garden design.
Types of wooden fences
By wooden fence we often mean an ordinary picket fence, to which we have long been accustomed and which was quite common in Soviet times. Over time, the situation has changed radically and now wooden fences are herringbone, cross-country, chess, and lattice. And an ordinary wooden picket fence looks great equipped with brick pillars.
Classic wooden fence
Pipes are installed along the perimeter of the site and concreted into the ground. Between the pillars, veins or purlins are attached, made of timber measuring 50X100 mm or so. Fence boards are nailed perpendicular to the veins either joint to joint or at a short distance from each other.
Wooden fence with ladder or herringbone pattern
Similar to a classic fence, pillars are concreted into the ground. On their internal and outside fastened decorative overlays made of wood. They will become guides for the remaining boards. Boards measuring 25x100mm are laid in the grooves between the overlays - horizontally overlapping. If you use calibrated pads, you can create a ventilated fence. And additional thin vertical metal stakes allow you to create another type of such fence.
The fence columns are covered with wooden decorative covers.
Fence "Cross"
It is possible to combine a wooden fence with reinforced concrete by constructing a “Cross” fence. The same 60X80 mm columns are installed in concrete-filled holes in the ground. The pillars are equipped with grooves into which decorative elements are first installed. reinforced concrete slabs(their approximate size is 300x300x550), and then wooden blocks. Both the columns and the fence fabric are covered with decorative covers to prevent moisture from entering the structure.
Checkerboard fence with clearance
Veins are laid between the pillars. Boards are attached to them in a checkerboard pattern - first on one side, then on the other. If you look from the side, the fence turns out to be not “solid”, but with gaps.
Fence "Lattice"
The base and supporting elements for this type of fence are similar - pillars. Between them, ready-made lattice sections made from slats are installed. The slats can be positioned either parallel or perpendicular to the posts, or diagonally. Such a fence is illuminated, allows the sun to pass through, and does not enclose the space. Its function is more decorative.
Fence "Rancho"
This is a barrier when they are mounted horizontally on heavy wooden poles with small gaps 2-4 wide boards. If you take well-processed thin boards and a little more of them, you can build a beautiful fence for a wooden house.
Fence "Palisade"
Treated, smooth, not too large in diameter logs are installed vertically to each other.
If you install the pillars and the entire structure on the foundation, this will protect the lower part from interaction with the ground and moisture, and, therefore, will significantly extend the life of the fence. Can be used as fence supports metal pipes, concreted into the ground, pillars made of stone or brick, ready-made reinforced concrete pillars or wooden logs.
Materials for building a fence
The cost of a wooden fence depends on its type and what material will be chosen: boards, pickets, beams, logs (for a picket fence). You will also need the following materials: crossbars (wooden or metal), support pillars, reinforcement for formwork, cement, sand, brick and stones for erecting pillars, nails and screws, fire retardant and antiseptic impregnation for wooden surfaces, bitumen or creazote for treating wooden poles installed in a support or strip foundation.
Tools
To build a fence, stock up on the following tools:
- drill or shovel
- roulette
- stakes
- level
- screwdriver
- hammer
- jigsaw
- brush
- sandpaper
How to make a wooden fence?
Before you make a wooden fence with your own hands, you need to decide on its design and how much of a major construction is planned. For a fence with a foundation, the sequence of actions will be as follows:
- marking;
- foundation construction;
- installation of poles;
- fastening wooden elements;
- processing of wooden surfaces.
Marking
Marking for the future fence is carried out using a tape measure and rope. We determine the location for the placement of the wicket and gate. We install them in pillars in the corners of the site. We tighten the lacing between them so as not to deviate from the given line when determining the locations for the pillars.
Foundation
The most labor-intensive part of building a wooden fence with your own hands is pouring strip foundation. Under lightweight wooden The fence and foundation are not particularly deepened. To do this, dig a trench (depth up to 1 meter, width - 30-80 cm), deep into which a sand cushion is poured. Next, reinforcement is knitted, formwork is created, pillars are leveled and the foundation is poured. He might be like zero level, and higher - 30-50 cm above ground level. After it hardens (after 2-3 days), further work begins.
Installation of pillars
The more often the posts are placed, the stronger the fence will be. The pillars are installed during the process of pouring concrete into the foundation. The distance between them is about 2 m. The fewer pillars, the more crossbars there should be. If a foundation is not planned, then in the places designated for placing the pillars, dig holes 1-1.5 m deep, pour sand (20 cm) into them and water it abundantly with water. Next, using a level, install the pillars in them and fill the recesses with concrete.
Regular foundation for a fence
Foundation using stones
If the post is made of wood, then its lower edge is treated with bitumen or creosote to protect the wood from moisture and rotting.
If brick racks are planned instead of pillars, then space must be provided for them. After all, they will occupy square areas with a side of 1.5 bricks. To decorate the counter at the very bottom and at the top, the masonry is expanded by a quarter of a brick. During the laying process, cross members are installed in the racks. It is important to use a level to check whether the stand is laid evenly.
Fence installation
Next comes the installation of a wooden fence. Slats and boards are attached either to the crossbars or installed in grooves - depending on the selected type of fence. A simpler option is to install sections. If the pillars are wooden, then grooves are made in them to lay the crossbars; if the pillars are metal, then fasteners (corner) are welded to them, to which the legs will then be attached.
How to extend the life of a fence?
In order for a wooden fence to last a long time, wooden elements you need to cover it with antiseptic solutions and fire retardants, and only then with paint (use oil-based and water-soluble), stain, and varnish. Impregnations are applied even before the fence is installed. Fire-retardant impregnations will prevent fire, and antiseptics will protect the wood from the colonization of microorganisms and subsequent rotting. They extend the life of the fence to 30 years, protect the wood from the sun and dampness, and preserve the natural texture and beautiful appearance.
Galvanized fasteners are suitable. Before driving a nail, it is immersed in drying oil.
In the future, periodically, at least once every 2-3 years, the wooden fence must be treated with protective impregnations.
Original do-it-yourself wooden fences - photo:
Fence from metal picket fence- it is original, reliable and strong fence. The metal picket fence differs more spectacular design. Euro picket fences are an excellent choice at an affordable price.
The fence belongs to the elements garden landscape. In addition to their direct “responsibilities” - protecting the site from unauthorized access and indicating the boundaries of private households, fences play an important role in the aesthetic arrangement of the territory. There is a fence different types, configuration and texture, but the most popular in decorative meaning was and remains wooden version. In addition, you can make such a fence yourself, using all your imagination as a craftsman.
Making a wooden fence is quite simple compared to its metal counterpart. This option has many advantages with minimal disadvantages. For the construction of wooden fencing you can use various material– boards from different types of trees: beech, pine, larch or oak. Wood is especially prized coniferous species. Each master chooses the material at his own discretion, because the main thing is that the wooden fence is of good quality and lasts a long time.
How to make a fence correctly
Wood fences can be divided into 2 groups: hedges and palisades. Also, such fences vary in design (picket picket, wattle fence, bamboo fence, ranch, lattice and other fence design options).
The most popular and simple ones are picket fences, as well as those made by a continuous row of boards. Regardless of what kind of fence you plan to build, you definitely need to carry out preparatory work according to its structure:
- clear the area for wooden fence(remove debris, pull out grass or weeds, uproot stumps and roots of old trees, if any);
- dismantle the old fence;
- draw up a design diagram of the future picket fence, where to mark the location of the gate, taking into account boundary boundaries and signs;
- choose and buy everything necessary materials for the construction of a fence (wood, nails or construction screws treated with an anti-corrosion agent, cement to stabilize the fence support, beams and logs, paint);
- prepare tools (hammer, hacksaw, shovel, crowbar, hole drill, tamper, cord and pegs for marking the area, wheelbarrow, mixing container cement mortar or concrete mixer).
Service life of a wooden fence
A wooden fence has a service life of about 8 years. However, if you properly care for it and repair it on time, then this period increases 3 times. A good wooden fence can last more than 30 years, although fences from historical wooden architecture, which are more than 50 years old.
The main factors for the durability of wooden fences are:
- quality of building material - wood (soft or hard wood, manufacturer);
- good quality and correct installation;
- operating conditions.
Manufacturers determine the quality of a material by its likely wear resistance. Also, the service life of the fence depends on how carefully it is handled.
The advantages of wooden fences are:
- environmentally friendly - absolutely clean natural material which does no harm environment, a sanded fence is pleasant to the touch, it does not absorb sunlight, which is important for plants growing close to each other;
- variability - compared to the factory version, a metal profile, which is usually installed in a vertical position, can be worked with wood various options– horizontally, vertically, diagonally, interlacing, and also use boards of various lengths, widths and thicknesses;
- ease of installation – installation of a wooden fence does not require special skills, thorough concreting and large quantity people, since a wooden fence is not heavy, it can be easily handled by one person;
- aesthetics - the natural beauty of wood leads in the selection of materials for the future fence; it looks great in any landscape design solution.
It is worth considering that wood is “afraid” of exposure to moisture, since over time it begins to rot, turn black, and become covered with mold spots. To delay these unpleasant moments, it is necessary to carefully care for the wooden fence and carry out antiseptic prophylaxis for it in a timely manner. You should also pay attention to the flammability of this building material and apply special means for its impregnation and protection to prevent fire.
Wooden fence design
Modern, wooden fences have different design in any format that provides a visual impression. This type of fencing is a traditional option for Russian villages, holiday villages or country cottages.
The tree is beautifully decorated, covered with various paints or varnishes, it fits harmoniously into any landscape composition. The design of a wooden fence depends on the preferences, imagination of the owner, as well as the overall compositional background. Most original fences are obtained using following types fences:
- solid - made in the form of a palisade made of stakes or round logs, slabs, edged boards;
- checkerboard or overlap option - boards are laid in a horizontal, vertical or diagonal position;
- "braid" - boards are fixed between support pillars now from the inside, now from the outside by the method of braiding them;
- – a combination of boards with round logs as support, a classic option;
- wicker fence - vines, tree branches, twigs are used;
- lattice fencing - slats are used;
- a fence in the style of a cowboy ranch - the exotic horizontal bars are attractive with brutality, it is recommended to combine them with a massive concrete or stone base.
Whatever fence design you choose, it is worth considering its role in the overall compositional picture and functionality.
Wooden fences have turned into rare fencing even for an ordinary village house. Meanwhile, it’s easy to make it yourself.
The craze for corrugated sheet fences has a practical explanation: available material, fast construction, long service life, low price. How modern material, profiled sheets burst into the construction market and significantly displaced traditional wood.
Today it is undeservedly forgotten. But this is a natural material, beautiful, light, durable, from which you can make a unique fence of its kind. It is enough to make a little effort - and a wooden fence will decorate your site, giving plants the opportunity to develop in natural conditions, and not “burn out” in the heat near metal fences.
So, the advantages of a wooden fence:
- The beauty of natural wood
- Ease
- Durability
- Environmental friendliness.
Types of wooden fence
Lovers don't stop there traditional version vertical picket fences on wooden pillars. This method, although it has the right to life, is being replaced by more modern and beautiful designs. Let's look at a few of them, moving from simple to complex:
- Narrow picket fence on wooden posts. Classic, simplest and cheap option house fencing. The construction involves timber for posts (15 by 15 centimeters), timber for veins (4 by 4 centimeters), gravel for filling holes, slats, screws or nails. The classic design can be given originality by changing the gap between the picket rails, its height, and painting it to imitate valuable wood.
- Wide figured picket fence on a metal frame. A more reliable option that extends the life of the fence.
- Horizontally installed planed board on metal or brick supports. Involves the creation of blind fences. The fence can be made in the style of “lattice”, “herringbone”, “cross”, “ladder”. A new trend in the construction of wooden fences.
- A wooden wattle fence made from planed boards arranged vertically or horizontally.
- Ranch style fences are used to enclose huge garden plots located in rural areas. A practical and cheap option.
Construction stages
The beauty and durability of the fence depend on the quality of the wood. You can buy a ready-made picket fence, but there is a danger of “running into” raw material. Your efforts to make a fence from such a picket fence will go down the drain: it will “fail” already in the first year of operation. We recommend ordering a picket fence made from planed boards. Process it according to all the rules and get a wonderful result.
We make a fence frame
To make a frame in wood, minimal effort is required. The pillars are buried at least 40 - 50 centimeters, a gravel cushion is arranged, on which the pillars are installed vertically, their lower part is treated with bitumen and covered with roofing felt. Using bolts or self-tapping screws, two parallel horizontal veins are installed, to which the picket fence will subsequently be attached.
A more durable frame is made from profiled square or rectangular section. The supports are buried one and a half meters into the ground and concreted. Horizontal guides are welded to the posts. The metal is cleaned of scale and painted.
And finally, the most complex and reliable option for creating a frame for a wooden fence is with a monolithic foundation and a base on metal or brick supports. A trench is being prepared for monolithic foundation, formwork. After the foundation has hardened, the base is removed from facing bricks or natural stone, which go well with wood.
Preparing wooden fencing elements
We agreed that it would be a material planed on both sides, so it wouldn’t be difficult to process it antiseptic impregnation without preliminary preparation surfaces. After the slats have dried, apply a primer.
The last stage is painting the wood with pigmented impregnations, glazes or covering compounds. The end part of the picket fence should be thoroughly cleaned with fine-grained sandpaper and also carefully processed. A thrifty owner applies paint in several layers to protect the wood as best as possible and save himself from painting work for the next 8 to 10 years.
Can be used as varnish coating, stains various colors. You can burn wood using a special lamp.
Attention! Processing and painting wooden picket fence should be carried out before installation. If you install unfinished fence pieces and then start painting them, the end pieces will be difficult to access and poorly finished.
Fencing installation
Classic sample - vertical installation fence slats with a gap equal to the width of the picket fence. Installation can be carried out in two ways. In the first case, you attach each batten to the veins using a level. In the second, you pre-assemble the section on a horizontal surface, and then connect it in whole blocks to the support.
Features of installing a fence in the “cross”, “herringbone” and “ladder” styles - there are special vertical overlays on the posts, where grooves are made for horizontal mounting narrow planed boards. Overlays can be made of wood or metal profile.
A variation of a vertically installed picket fence is the “chess” style - the picket fence is attached on the front and back sides alternately. For this purpose, the same overlays are used as when installing a “ladder” fence. Using a “checkerboard” you can create a blank canvas or make small gaps between the slats. The effect is amazing: from a certain angle the fence seems blank, but if you look at the fence from the side, the beauty of your site will be revealed to a passerby.
The “ranch” style is an analogue of the Russian “corral”; it is very simple and cheap to implement: wide boards (poles) are attached horizontally to massive posts. Large areas should be surrounded by such a fence.
The wooden wattle fence is made in the style folk traditions, only instead of a flexible vine, narrow ones are intertwined wooden boards. The length of the board should correspond to the distance between the posts. Such a fence has the same back and front side. Can be used as a support for climbing plants.
When making a wooden fence with your own hands, pay attention to important details that will help you ideally make your dream come true:
- For structural strength, install vertical pillars into the ground on special shoes to increase the support area - no “windage” will be scary for the fence!
- The distance between the pillars should not exceed three meters. Experts consider the optimal distance to be 2.5 meters between supports.
- When installing a picket fence, do not rely on your “sharp eye” - work with a level, constantly checking accuracy in all planes
- As soon as you purchase wood, immediately treat it against pests. The grinder beetle can get there for a very long time. a short time– it will no longer be possible to improve the structure of wood with the help of antiseptics.
- Pay special attention to protecting the wooden fence from the sun and precipitation. Take care of the choice of paint and impregnation in advance.
- Only dry wood can be painted (humidity no more than 12 percent).
- We do not recommend using it for painting a wooden fence. oil paints and enamels. They have the property of cracking and crumbling under the influence of unfavorable factors.
- For hardware, use galvanized metal fasteners that are not susceptible to rust.
- When attaching the picket fence, make sure that the screws enter the tree strictly perpendicularly, without damaging the tree.
Follow these simple tips, and you can build a beautiful and durable wooden fence on your property yourself.