Do-it-yourself roof made of soft tiles. Installation of soft roof

The technology for installing a soft roof is relatively simple, so it is easy to do it yourself. Soft roofing is an excellent replacement for traditional materials. It has many advantages: flexible, lightweight, easy to install, inexpensive. To lay a soft roof, you will need to understand some of the intricacies of installing this type of material.

Soft roofing has replaced traditional coverings: slate, galvanized steel, tiles. Several people were required to lay such materials. Also, a lot of time was spent on work. In modern construction stores a large assortment products, among which soft roofing also occupies a worthy place. It is available in both piece and roll material.

Features of a soft roof

Sometimes soft roof called bitumen shingles. This is explained by its composition - it is made on the basis of bitumen. You should not immediately be dismissive of such material - it has little in common with roofing felt. Soft tiles are more durable and durable material than traditional roll coverings.

Through use in production bitumen roofing modern technologies new material received many positive properties. It is not destroyed by exposure high temperatures, is more durable in the cold.

The Technonikol company is engaged in the production bitumen shingles"Shinglas", which can serve from 10 to 55 years. Modern bitumen-based roofing does not tear or lose its physical properties with rising and falling temperatures. By adding various modifiers to the material, the bending strength of the material was increased.

Other features:

• During the production of tiles, bitumen is melted by oxygen - due to this, the melting point reached 110 degrees.
• Glass fiber is used to reinforce tiles, which increases the strength of the products.
• Upper protective layer contains stone coating, which performs both protective and decorative functions.

As you can see, modern soft tiles are a fairly durable and reliable roofing covering. It is easy to install and does not require special care. To properly lay a soft roof, it is worth understanding the main stages of the work.

Dimensions and specifications

Soft tiles are piece material, which has a length of 1 meter and a width of 33 cm. Thanks to these dimensions, installation can be carried out alone. Each canvas is divided into 4 parts with shapes geometric shapes. In appearance, bituminous shingles resemble classic ones.

Before laying such a roof, it is necessary to prepare the base. The sheathing is continuous. It is often made from plywood sheets. To minimize negative impacts on the tiles, a so-called carpet is placed under it, which serves as additional waterproofing.

Insulation

Installation of the insulation layer is carried out from the outside. The first sheets are laid between the rafters. Before laying them, you will need to make rough sheathing on the attic side. Most optimal thickness The insulation layer is 20 cm (2 sheets). Then the counter beam is installed and then the second layer of insulation.

The waterproofing must be laid parallel to the cornice with an overlap of layers of 15 cm. In addition, about 15 cm of the waterproofing membrane should extend beyond the insulation contour. Fasten it with a construction stapler. At the joints it is connected with self-adhesive tape.

Lining

After the base is prepared, work with the substrate begins. Such roll material has become a mandatory part roofing pie. It greatly facilitates the installation of soft roofing.

Features of the work:

• The underlayment is secured to the sheathing with roofing nails. At the joints it must be glued with TechnoNIKOL mastic.
• If the roof has a slope of less than 18 degrees, it must be completely covered with underlayment. If the slope is from 18 to 90 degrees, the roof is partially covered.
• If the underlay is not laid over the entire roof area, cover the cornice, ridge and valley.
• At continuous device Carpet rolls should be rolled out horizontally. You need to start from the bottom. The horizontal overlap must be at least 15 cm.
• The joint must be sealed with mastic.

The lining will protect not only the roof from damage, but also the insulation and other elements of the roofing pie from getting wet. When installing the carpet, you should be careful.

Laying tiles

After completing the lining, you can begin installing the soft roof with your own hands. A shingle is a small element of roofing. It has self-adhesive areas that are protected with a special film - this is removed before installation.

Installation begins with the cornice and ridge. Universal ridge-eaves tiles are laid along their entire length. The edges of each element are glued with mastic and also attached to the sheathing using roofing nails. The latter should be located at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.

After this, you need to beat off the guide lines with a coated cord to get guidelines. Shingles should be laid over them. To ensure that the roof slopes do not differ from each other in color, it is worth opening each package before work and selecting one element from each in turn. In this case, the difference will not be noticeable.

Installation of a soft roof begins with laying the first row - it is mounted from the middle, gradually moving in both directions. Each of them must be glued with mastic.

Roofing nails with wide heads are used to fasten shingles. For different types The tiles have their own nails. For this reason, it is necessary to read the instructions for the selected roof. When approaching the ridge, you should leave a hole for the aerator.

When laying shingles along the edges, it is necessary to adjust the size of the shingles. This is quite easy to do. The elements are very easy to cut with a knife. Roofing material is cut in the same way when walking around dormer windows, ventilation outlets. To make cutting shingles convenient, it is better to place a sheet of plywood under the material.

To install the Katepal soft roof, they use the same installation technology as for Shinglas bitumen shingles. The installation process is shown in the video:

The final stage

At this stage, the aerators and ridge are installed. Aerators are used for ventilation devices. The air flow is directed upward from the eaves. For this reason, aerators must be installed as high as possible.

They are attached in the same way as tiles. They are mounted using nails. After installation, they are covered with ridge tiles. To make it more comfortable on a steep roof, special scaffolding should be installed. They are incapable of harming roof covering, however, they are securely fixed and help builders move. Elements that are adjacent to the edges of the roof must be well sealed with mastic.

Roll roofing

Roll material called euroroofing felt is also popular. It is installed mainly on flat roofs. Installation is quite simple. The main thing is to follow the instructions:

• After the roll is rolled out, the material must be stretched and all folds aligned.
• One side of the roofing material must be heated with a burner until the special indicator melts.
• As a result, the side is easily glued to the base. After the material has cooled, the roll is rolled to the point of fixation.
• Fusing is carried out with gradual rolling out of the roll.

The overlap of the roofing material should be 5-10 cm, so as not to make a mistake, a special orientation strip is applied along the entire length of the roll. The material must not be overheated - otherwise it will be unusable. A high-quality euroroofing material must be homogeneous and free of voids.

Particular attention should be paid to the connections of the roofing material to the ventilation outlets and parameters. All problem areas should be treated with mastic. This will protect the roof from snow and rainwater. If the roof has a steep slope, it is worth equipping snow guards, as well as correctly installing drip lines and drainage, which will prevent icing of the roof.

When installing roofing felt roofing, you should understand that the installation technology differs from laying bitumen shingles. However, in both cases, you should ensure that the roof is cleared of debris, sand, and stones. Otherwise the roof ahead of schedule will lose its functions.

The joints should be treated with mastic. After drying, it will have the same properties as a soft roof. If these rules are followed, even a non-specialist can install euroroofing felt.

Results

As you can see, install the roof from soft tiles you can do it yourself. To complete all stages of the work, you do not need to purchase expensive equipment for installation. You will need standard builder's equipment. There are no difficulties even when installing aerators.

If you follow the above rules and be careful, anyone who knows how to use a tape measure and a hammer will be able to achieve what they want when installing a soft roof.

It is better to lay bitumen shingles on a hot sunny day. This will allow the shingles to quickly fuse and form a single surface. In order for a soft roof to function longer, it is worth taking care of the lining carpet, steam and waterproofing.

In recent years, roof installations using soft covering is becoming increasingly popular because this material has many advantages. In addition to excellent performance and technical qualities, such a roof can be installed by yourself, without the involvement of experienced craftsmen.

Soft tiles are light in weight, have an attractive appearance, a high degree of tightness, a long service life, and a low price. It can be installed on roofs of various configurations. Raindrops do not knock on the surface of such a roof - only a quiet rustling is heard.

Features of soft tiles

The basis of this modern coating for roofs are fiberglass sheets impregnated on both sides with rubber bitumen, characterized by moisture resistance and tightness. Thanks to the above properties, installing a soft tile roof has become so popular.

The presence of a special coating on a flexible roof increases wear resistance and prevents rolled products from sticking together. has established itself as perfect coverage for structures if their angle of inclination is not less than 11 degrees.

Tools for installing flexible roofing

If desired, a home craftsman can carry out the work of arranging a soft roof alone. In this case, the maximum slope of the slopes has no limitation.

Before laying a soft roof you need to prepare:

• hammer;
• trowel for working with mastic;
• durable gloves;
• cornice and end strips;
• ridge-cornice strip;
• roofing nails;
• waterproofing carpet;
• sealant;
• mastic.

Arrangement of the ventilation system

This system is intended to ensure the circulation of air masses, which is required to prevent the formation of condensation at the bottom of the base roofing structure. If you neglect the ventilation device, after a while wooden rafters will begin to rot, and in the cold season, ice and icicles will become a constant occurrence.

Its constituent elements are: a base with a thickness of at least 5 millimeters, air gaps between it and the waterproofing layer, vents and outlets. When creating natural ventilation, special openings are arranged, placing them evenly.

How to lay underlay carpet

Metal is used to make cornice strips. These elements serve to protect the edge of the sheathing. Installation cornice strip soft tiles on eaves overhangs are used for lining. Pediment strips are also made of metal, which are fixed at the ends of the roof.

The valley carpet serves to additionally protect the roof from precipitation. This material is selected taking into account color scheme flexible tiles. In places where leaks most often occur, and these are eaves overhangs, valleys, and end parts of the roof, it is advisable to lay a lining layer.

In this case, the installation is carried out in a certain direction - from bottom to top, and an overlap is observed, equal to 10 centimeters in the transverse direction, and 15 centimeters in the longitudinal direction. The joints between the sheets are usually lubricated with bitumen mastic.

Ridges and valleys should be strengthened by 25 and 50 centimeters, respectively. At the same time, a lining layer is installed on both sides of the valleys, and along the eaves overhangs and ends it is laid to a width of at least 40 centimeters.

The underlayment must be nailed to the base using galvanized roofing nails at intervals of 20 centimeters.

Preparatory stage before installation

It starts with preparation. The base on which the flexible tiles are to be installed should be made solid. Since soft tiles do not have sufficient rigidity, they require durable sheathing. For the base, you can use moisture-resistant plywood with a thickness of 9 millimeters, OSB, edged or tongue-and-groove boards.

Material for sheathing should be purchased from winter period, and use in the summer. In this case, the width of the boards should not exceed 100 millimeters. It is better when the base material has the same thickness. The moisture content of lumber should be a maximum of 20%. The planks are laid staggered, maintaining a gap of 10 millimeters.

The roofing pie must be made with the following layers:

• waterproofing laid on the rafters;
• thermal insulation from mineral wool, if you plan to install an attic;
• roofing waterproofing carpet, mounted on the outside of the base with an overlap.

The nuances of installing flexible tiles

There is a certain technique for how to properly lay a soft roof if the work is done independently:

1. First of all, this requires dry weather, in which the temperature environment does not fall below plus 5 degrees. If the installation is still carried out in winter, the tiles are kept indoors at room temperature. You can also use a hot air burner.
2. A shingle - a sheet of soft roofing made from several tiles - is attached to the surface with nails or using a self-adhesive layer available on back side tiles Under the influence of sunlight, the sheets begin to be soldered both to the base and to one another. If the temperature outside is sub-zero, this process does not occur and, accordingly, the insulation does not turn out to be of high quality.
3. Tiles should be used from 5-6 packages at once, choosing one shingle at a time in order to avoid significant differences in shades if it becomes necessary to restore the roof with products from a different product batch.

Selection of bitumen-polymer composition

Before the soft roof is laid, a mastic is selected that will create a continuous elastic surface capable of withstanding different types impacts on the base. According to the technology for laying flexible roofing surfaces, to install rolled material on the roof, you need to use hot and cold mastics.

Cold bitumen-polymer compositions are used for arranging the internal layers of the roofing structure, and hot ones are used as the outer covering. Cold mastics include bitumen and roofing felt, and hot mastics include roofing felt and tar.

The process of preparing bitumen mastic

Mastic can be purchased at the store, ready for use, or you can make it yourself. This will require bitumen, which makes up approximately 80% of the composition, and filler. Take 2 parts bitumen and 1 part filler, resulting in a cold mixture. The bitumen is heated to 180 degrees and diesel fuel and filler are simultaneously prepared. The contents of the two boilers are mixed after the water in the bitumen has evaporated.

To prepare hot mastic, bitumen is first heated in a boiler to 200 degrees, and then filler is slowly added to it. During the process, the temperature of the mixture should not be less than 160 degrees.

Soft roof technology

When installing a soft roof, step-by-step instructions from the manufacturer will tell the home craftsman how to do it:

1. Before starting installation, wooden surface treated with a mixture of bitumen and diesel fuel.
2. Next, the base is slowly covered with mastic, glassine and roofing felt are laid. The work is carried out starting from the middle of the cornice and moving towards the ends. Before installing soft tiles, the film protecting the adhesive side of the roofing material is removed from the shingles.
3. After applying the layer cold mastic wait 12 hours and cover the base with another layer. When hot mastic is used, the layers can be built one after another. Each tile is nailed with 4 to 6 nails.
4. When laying rolls, an overlap of 7–10 centimeters wide must be observed. Each subsequent top row is positioned so that the installation joints of the previous one are covered. In this case, the new layer being laid is displaced.
5. Excess material is cut off along the edges of the slopes.

How to properly lay tiles around ventilation pipes

Joints near pipes or antennas require insulation and careful fastening of coating materials. Installation can be done easily, but only with the use of pass-through elements. Without these components, the coating will not be sealed. Before laying a flexible roof, you should mark the places where you plan to place ventilation and pipes.

Then you need to create holes, and then glue the edges of the lining material around them using mastic. The upper surface of the carpet, in accordance with the contour of the elements, is smeared with the mixture, glued and fixed with nails. Tiles are placed on top of the mastic. Experts recommend treating the junction of the upper part of the passage element with flexible tiles with special sealants.

When the process is brought to the ridge line, the installation of a soft roof involves the use of ridge elements that need to be bent over it, fixed with mastic and secured with nails.

Soft roof repair

How often the need for repair work on the roof will arise depends on the condition of the base on which the tiles are installed. Cement screed, elements made of wooden lumber react differently to the roofing - the nature of the damage depends on this.

First of all, determine the need for roof repairs. To do this, assess the extent of damage. If there are holes in the rolled covering, they need to be filled with mastic. Repair work on this type of roof is carried out in a cleaned area.

Since a special coating is applied to the rolled material, the surface to be restored should be thoroughly cleaned. Crumbs can be removed using process oil. To clean roofing felts, anthracene oil is used, and for roofing felt, solar oil applied to a rag or brush. As a result, the coating will be removed and the surface will be softened, which is important for further repairs.

Then they move on to the main stage. In case of minor defects, the use of a patch and ordinary mastic will be sufficient. But this method is not suitable when all layers of the coating are pierced.

When simultaneous damage to several layers is detected on the roof, this area is cleaned of old mastic and accumulated dirt, then dried. Next, they begin to prepare the mastic mixture, to which sand or sawdust is added.

The resulting composition is used to putty all places of damage so as to even out their edges. The mastic should extend beyond the repaired area by at least 10 centimeters. Using hard brushes and brushes, the mixture can be applied even to hard-to-reach places.

If repair work is carried out on a small area, then using a regular spatula will be sufficient. When air bubbles In the roof covering, repairs are carried out in the same way as they were done with a regular hole. The main thing is timely identification of leak locations.

If cracks appear in the roof covering material, it must be cut down to the bottom layer. Then they clean the damaged area from debris and mastic, dry it and fill it with new mastic. When the cracks are small, they can be repaired without cutting them using a patch and mastic.

If small cracks appear on a large area of ​​the roofing surface, it is prepared for repair and covered with heated mastic.

After completing the restoration of the integrity of the soft roof, it is necessary to renew the layer of topping to prevent overheating of the material and, as a consequence, melting of the mastic. To do this, first smooth the surface and cover it with sand. The coating that does not adhere to the roof will be removed on its own over time.

To complete without any problems installation work yourself, you need to follow the manufacturer’s instructions explaining how to properly lay flexible tiles. You should also follow the recommendations regarding the selection and preparation of mastic. Then the soft roof will last long time, maintaining its tightness.

Soft roofing is a term that combines a number of flexible roofing materials with excellent consumer properties. Its piece and roll varieties perfectly protect the house from atmospheric “misfortunes” and effectively decorate the exterior. They weigh little, do not require effort in cutting and fastening. Among the advantages is the ability to lay the coating yourself.

For an ideal result, it is not necessary to have the skills of a roofer. You need skill, patience, tools and information about how the technology of laying a soft roof differs from other methods and how to properly install a roof.

Materials from the group of soft roofing coverings are modified versions of the good old roofing felt. The new developments borrow from their predecessor flexibility and lightness, which rightfully top the list of advantages. They have retained unshakable water-repellent properties, thanks to which the wooden base and rafter system last longer. The composition has been improved, due to which the period of flawless operation of the materials has increased threefold.

Based on the installation method, the class of soft roofing coverings is divided into three types:

• Roll materials, supplied in the format corresponding to the name. These include bituminous descendants of roofing felt and new representatives, such as polymer membranes. Roll coverings are laid in strips. Bituminous materials are attached by fusing, polymer materials by partial or complete gluing. With their help, they are mainly used to equip flat and gently sloping roofs with slopes up to 3º, permissible up to 9º. Rolls are in demand mostly in industrial construction;
• Roofing mastics, supplied ready-made or cold to be reheated. Sprayed or applied in a thick layer on flat roofs, resulting in a monolithic coating without seams. Reinforcing mesh is used for strengthening. The scope of application is limited to flat roofs.
• Bituminous shingles, supplied in flexible shingle tiles. Essentially, it is an improved roofing felt material, cut into relatively small sheets. The edge of the shingles is decorated with figured petals to imitate the ceramic prototype. The back side is equipped with an adhesive strip for attaching to wooden base. Glued individually. Additionally, roofing nails or self-tapping screws are driven into each shingle. From heating the bitumen roof sun rays the tiles are sintered and transformed into a continuous roofing shell.

In private low-rise construction The piece variety is actively in demand, because flat and low pitched roofs above one- or two-story residential buildings are built extremely rarely. Domestic buildings have a “flat” fate, but not every owner will decide to buy membranes and mastics for the roof of a barn. This means that we will pay attention to the installation of the most popular bitumen shingles.

Step-by-step installation of bitumen shingles

Piece flexible material cover roofs of any steepness and degree of architectural complexity. True, bitumen shingles are not recommended for roofing if the slope angle is less than 11.3º. The material is produced by numerous manufacturers. Each of them seeks to communicate own products unique qualities and properties useful for the stacker.

Despite some differences, the technology for installing a soft roof follows the same scheme. There are small nuances, but they are not important.

Rules for preparing the base

Flexibility is an advantage and disadvantage of bitumen coating. On the one hand, it allows you to significantly speed up the process. After all, it takes a little time and a minimum of effort to form junctions, drill pipes, and arrange valleys and cornices. On the other hand, due to the flexibility of the material, a continuous sheathing is required so that the bending shingles rest entirely on a solid, level base.

You can build a continuous sheathing before installing a soft roof:

• from OSB-3 boards, recommended based on budget cost and sufficient strength;
• from sheets moisture resistant plywood with FSF marking;
• from tongue-and-groove or edged boards, the humidity of which should not be less than 20%.

Sheet material is laid in a staggered pattern brickwork. It is important that there are no cross-shaped joints. It is necessary that the weak areas where the slabs join are evenly distributed over the counter-lattice. Gaps of 2-3mm should be left in the seams, required for free movement. rafter system during temperature fluctuations.

The boardwalk is installed parallel to the roof overhangs. Also take a running start if the length of the board is not enough for the slope. The place where two boards meet on the slope should be supported by a counter-lattice beam, and four nails should be driven into it. Ordinary boards are secured with two nails on both sides. They must be laid so that there is a gap of 3-5mm between the longitudinal elements. Before work edged boards sorted. Those that are thicker should be distributed at the base of the slope, those that are lighter should be sent upstairs.

Ventilation is the key to impeccable service

The excellent water-repellent properties of the bitumen coating are due to the tiny number of pores that can allow moisture and air to pass through. A reliable hydro-barrier works in both directions. Raindrops do not penetrate inside the roof structure, but steam does not escape outside. If you do not provide a free path for evaporation, condensation will accumulate on wooden roof trusses and lathing. Those. a fungus will develop, because of which you will have to say goodbye to a durable roof.

For long-term, impeccable service, it is necessary to install a roof ventilation system that includes:

• vents designed for air flow in the eaves area. In addition to the influx, they must ensure the free movement of air from bottom to top along the planes of the slopes. Vents are open channels formed by sheathing and counter-lattice;
• ventilation gap between the bitumen roof and the insulation laid on top of the vapor barrier. Designed for washing the insulation with air flow;
• holes in the upper zone of the roofing pie. These can be either the ends of the slopes that are not closed at the top, or specially designed vents with a plastic trunk that resembles a miniature chimney pipe.

Ventilation must be arranged in such a way as to prevent the formation of air pockets in the under-roof space.

Laying insulating carpet

Without exception, all manufacturers of asphalt shingles strongly recommend laying an additional waterproofing carpet before installing shingles. The list of materials suitable for carpet is usually indicated in the instructions. The products specified or similar in characteristics are approved for use.

Replacement is highly undesirable, because a composition incompatible with the coating will prevent the bitumen layers from joining into a monolith and will contribute to swelling. Polyethylene excluded. Ruberoid too, because the service life of a flexible roof is longer. It is unreasonable to lay less durable material under a coating designed for 15-30 years of operation.

The technology for laying an insulating carpet under flexible tiles includes two options, depending on the steepness of the roof:

• Installation of a continuous carpet on pitched roofs with an angle of inclination from 11.3º/12º to 18º. Rolled waterproofing is laid in strips, starting from the overhang, moving towards the ridge. Each strip laid on top must overlap the previous strip with its own ten cm. If it is necessary to join two sections in one row, they are laid with an overlap of 15 cm. The overlap is carefully, but without fanaticism, coated with bitumen mastic. The insulation strips are attached to the base with roofing nails every 20-25cm. Strips of barrier water-repellent protection are laid on top of the continuous carpet in valleys and overhangs, as well as around roof junctions. Then the ridge and convex corners of the roof are equipped with the original insulating material;
• Laying partial insulation on pitched roofs with a slope of 18º or more. In this case, the valleys and overhangs are protected with bitumen-polymer material, and only the edges of the gables, ridge and other convex corners are covered with strips of insulating carpet. Insulation, as in the previous case, is used to border the intersections of the roof with communication pipes and roof junctions. The width of the bitumen-polymer barrier along the overhangs is 50 cm, in the valleys it is 1 m, so that each of the protected slopes has 50 cm. When laying around junctions and pipes, the insulating strip is partially placed on the walls so that the material covers 20-30 cm of the vertical surface.

The installation of a flexible roof with partial waterproofing is allowed by manufacturers, but there are no ardent supporters of this method among them. Naturally, on steep slopes less precipitation is retained, but the circumstances are different: ice, slanting rain, etc. It's better to play it safe.

The bitumen-polymer carpet for valleys is selected to match the tiles. A slight deviation from the color of the coating is allowed if there is a desire to emphasize the lines of open grooves. It is advisable that the valleys be covered with a continuous strip of barrier insulation. But if joining of two pieces cannot be avoided, it is better to arrange it in the upper part of the roof with an overlap of 15-20 cm. There is the least load. overlap in mandatory coated with bitumen mastic.

Protection of gables and eaves

The perimeter of the roof is equipped with metal strips. They are needed to protect weakened areas of the sheathing from moisture and as roof design elements. The planks are laid edgewise on the edge of gables and overhangs. The edge line should coincide with the roof outline line. Fasten with roofing nails in a zigzag pattern every 10-15 cm.

If there is a need to join two planks, they are laid with an overlap of 3-5 cm, at least 2 cm. The pediment planks overlap the eaves at the corners of the roof. In places of end and joining overlaps, fasteners are hammered in after 2-3 cm.

Most flexible roofing manufacturers recommend installing both types metal protection over the underlay carpet. However, the developers of the Shinglas brand recommend placing cornice strips under the carpet, and pediment strips on top of it. Before installing gable and cornice strips on the plank sheathing, they also advise first nailing the block and then attaching metal protection to it.

Formation of passages through the roof

Chimneys crossing the roof, communication risers, antennas, and private ventilation openings require special arrangement. They create a potential hazard in the form of an open path for water leaks. Therefore, before installing the covering, the roof penetration areas are covered with sealing devices or systems. Among them:

• Rubber seals designed to cover small diameter points. Holes for antenna, for example;
• Polymer passage elements used to equip roof intersections with sewer and ventilation risers. They are produced specifically for arranging roofs. The passages are simply attached with nails to the continuous sheathing. Bitumen shingles are laid on top, which are actually trimmed around the passage and fixed with bitumen mastic;
• Plastic adapters for your own roof ventilation. The holes are closed with vents, a ridge element with channels for removing fumes, and perforated devices for cornices.

Rules for arranging large passages chimneys worth considering separately. In addition to the threat of leaks, they are also a fire hazard. Chimneys are sealed in several stages:

• the walls of the pipe are protected with parts cut from asbestos-cement slabs according to its actual dimensions;
• A triangular strip treated with a fire retardant is installed around the perimeter of the pipe. To make it, you can split the block diagonally. A baseboard is suitable for replacement. The chimney plank is not attached to the sheathing! It must be fixed on the walls of the pipe;
• lay flexible tiles, placing the shingles on the strip;
• Parts are cut out of the valley carpet according to the dimensions of the pipe with the installed strip. The width of the parts is at least 50 cm. The patterns are attached with a 30-centimeter overlap to the pipe walls using glue or bitumen mastic. First, glue the front part, then the sides, and finally the back. The lower edge is placed on top of the laid tiles, the upper edge is inserted into a groove on the pipe wall;
• Finally, the multilayer insulation system is secured by installing a metal apron and treating the joints with silicone sealant.

There is a simpler and cheap way: the parts of the insulating lining of the pipe are cut not from carpet, but directly from galvanized metal. Then half of the work steps will disappear by themselves.

Wall connections sealed using a similar method. Only there is no need to install asbestos-cement protection, and the protected surfaces must be plastered and treated with a primer before installation.

Rules for laying eaves shingles

In order to create guidelines for the installer, it is better to first mark the roof with coated construction lace. Horizontal lines are applied in increments equal to five rows of flexible tiles. Verticals are struck in increments of one shingle.

After preparing and marking the roofing surface, you can safely begin laying flexible tiles, following the algorithm:

• The first to be installed is the cornice row of tiles on the overhang. You can take a special ridge-eaves tile or cut out the starting element yourself by trimming the petals of ordinary ordinary tiles. You need to step back 0.8-1 cm from the edge of the metal cornice strip and glue the cornice shingles. For gluing, you need to remove the protective tape from the adhesive layer and coat the remaining areas with mastic;
• the laid eaves tiles are secured with roofing nails in increments equal to the width of the petal. When hammering, the wide head of the hardware must be strictly parallel to the surface continuous sheathing. Distortions are unacceptable. Hammer the nails at a distance of 2-3cm from the top edge of the shingles. The fixation points must overlap the next row of roofing;
• The first row of flexible tiles is laid. It’s better to start from the center of the slope to make it easier to align horizontally. You should retreat 1-2cm from the bottom line of the starting row and glue it using the already proven method. Nail with four nails at a distance of 2-3cm from the groove between the petals;
• It’s also more convenient to start installing the second row from the middle. But the shingles must be moved so that the tab is above the groove of the first row of shingles and the attachment points are completely covered;
• The upper corner of the tiles laid next to the pediment is cut in the form of an equilateral triangle with sides of 1.5-2 cm. pruning is needed to remove water.

You can continue laying shingles according to the linear principle, i.e. laying down a whole row, one after another. You can use the pyramidal method with “building up” from the middle of the slope to the edges or diagonally.

Two ways to construct a valley

Two methods have been developed to form a valley:

• Open gutter device. Row tiles are laid to the valley axis on both adjacent slopes. Only the nails stop driving at a distance of 30cm from the axis. After laying the coated cord, valley lines are marked on the slopes, along which the coating is carefully trimmed. The width of the valley is from 5 to 15 cm. To prevent damage to the soft roof during cutting, a board is placed under the tiles. The corners of the tiles located near the valley are trimmed to remove water, then the back side of the covering elements is coated with mastic and glued.
• Closed gutter device. The tiles are laid first on the slope with the smallest slope so that approximately 30 cm of material is located on the adjacent slope. The shingles are secured at the top with nails. Afterwards, the second slope is covered, then a line is beaten on it, 3-5 cm away from the axis, along which cutting is carried out. The corners of the tiles are cut to remove water, and then the cut loose elements are glued to the mastic.

The nuances of laying tiles on a ridge

Upon completion of the installation of the tiles on the slopes, they begin to arrange the ridge. Ventilation ducts the body of the sheathing must be left open, so a gap of 0.5-2 cm is left between the tops of the slopes. To ensure ventilation, the ridge is equipped with a plastic aerator. It is not very attractive, so for the sake of aesthetics it is decorated with universal ridge-eaves tiles or shingles cut from shingles.

No particular difficulties were found in the construction of a soft roof. Eat technological features. If you strictly follow them, you can easily do the installation yourself with excellent results.

The process of installing a soft roof is relatively simple; it is quite possible to do it yourself, without the help of specialists.

Soft roofing is good alternative traditional roofing materials.

Its advantages over them: flexibility, ease of processing and low price.

You will learn about where to start installing a roof, as well as the advantages of this type of roofing and the surface requirements for it, in this article.

What is a soft roof?

Sometimes it is also called flexible or bitumen shingles. This is due to the fact that it is made from bitumen.

But don’t be scared and turn away from this roofing material - it’s not roofing felt, but a modern and popular (in some countries) material.

Soft roofing is much stronger and more durable than ordinary roofing felt. Everyone knows that bitumen is a very unstable material: it breaks, melts and collapses.

However, thanks to modern developments, it has been possible to increase its resistance to negative influences.

TechnoNIKOL, a manufacturer of soft roofing shinglas (Shinglas), guarantee from 10 to 55 years of impeccable service.

Modern soft roofing based on bitumen is not prone to tearing, and high or low ambient temperatures do not cause its destruction.

Thanks to the introduction of modifiers (various rubbers), it was possible to add bending strength and resistance to negative temperatures.

Thanks to the technology of treating melted bitumen with oxygen, we achieved an increase in the melting temperature to 90-110 degrees Celsius.

Now, even in the strongest sunshine, the roof will not melt.

In addition, resistant and durable fiberglass is used as a reinforcing layer in the production of soft roofing. This allows you to increase its strength.

Stone topping, usually basalt chips, is used as the top protective layer. It performs not only protective, but also decorative functions; for this purpose, dyes are added to it.

Summarizing all of the above, we have a conclusion: modern soft roofing is durable and beautiful material, which is easy and simple to work with. Of course, if you know how. There are instructions for this that will help you figure out how to work with this material.

You can familiarize yourself with the operating rules in the video available here.

It is worth remembering that laying soft roofing on roofs with a slope of less than 11° is highly not recommended. Since there is no guarantee that with such a bias it will perform its functions.

At such small slopes it is worth using weld-on materials.

Let's start installation

Since with flexible roof easy enough to work with self-installation quite simple, which cannot be said about other types of roofing.

However, if you decide to carry out the work yourself, you need to know how it is done.

After watching the video, you will notice that the technology for laying soft roofing is different, different from traditional ones, which use sheet roofing materials.

Therefore, let's consider this point in more detail. And from the very beginning - from preparing the foundation.

To work, you will need a minimum set of tools: a hammer, a knife, a spatula, a tape measure and a cord for marking.

From Supplies: galvanized roofing nails, with a wide head and mastic, for gluing roofing elements. TechnoNIKOL mastic.

Preparing the base

The construction of a soft roof does not have its own rigidity, unlike, for example, a metal profile or slate. Therefore, the roof surface must be continuous and durable.

An excellent solution to this issue would be to use moisture-resistant plywood or OSB. The thickness of the sheets is selected based on the distance between the rafters.

The step of the sheathing device also depends on the distance of the rafters; the larger it is, the more often the sheathing is filled. Sheets of plywood or oriented strand board are fastened with self-tapping screws.

Be sure to roll the edges so that they do not curl over time.

It is worth noting that the use of plywood or OSB, as mentioned earlier, great option, but far from the only one.

You can cover the roof with a solid edged or tongue-and-groove board, 30 mm thick. Naturally, this option takes longer and, in the case of using tongue-and-groove boards, is more expensive.

But if you have the desire and opportunity, why not do it.

Please note that all of the above applies to a simple roof, but if an attic is made, then the whole range of work is carried out: insulation, hydro- and vapor barrier, and only then, having filled the counter-lattice, a continuous surface is installed for a soft roof.

A ventilation gap is also required to remove the resulting moisture. Therefore, a gap is left in the cornice and slots are made in the ridge for aerators.

It is worth paying attention to the ventilation pipes. If the pipe is wider than 50 centimeters, then it is better to make a slope behind it.

This solution will prevent sediment from accumulating behind the pipe and it will be discharged without hindrance. You can see what it looks like in the video.

Lining

For example, consider the installation of a soft shinglas roof.

After preparing the base, they begin to work with the underlay, it is also called the underlay carpet.

This is a rolled material that is an essential part of a soft roof and gives additional protection from moisture, and also makes it easier to work with roof elements.

The substrate is secured with roofing nails and at the joints with TechnoNIKOL mastic.

Roofs with a slope of less than 18 degrees are completely covered with a substrate. Roofs with a slope of 18 to 90 degrees are allowed to be partially covered.

When the underlay is partially applied, only the following are covered: cornice, gable edge, valley, hip, ridge, exit points of dormer windows and ventilation pipes.

For clarity, it is worth watching the video.

Continuous arrangement of lining carpet. The rolls are rolled out horizontally. They start at the bottom and work their way up. Horizontal overlap - no less than 15 cm, vertical overlap - no less than 10 cm.

The joint is additionally glued using TechnoNIKOL mastic or any other mastic.

Partial installation of underlay carpet.

The roof is covered with a lining around the perimeter and in difficult places- ridge, valley, and so on.

Use the entire width of the lining material.

The lining is glued to the base and pierced along the edge with nails. The distance between the nails is no more than 20 cm. If the material is joined, then the overlap is at least 10-15 cm.

Complex elements, such as the valley, hip, junctions of ventilation pipes and dormer windows, are carefully glued with the full width of the lining roll.

For better adhesion, TechnoNIKOL mastic is used. Slots are made in the ridge lining for aerators.

After installing the carpet, install cornice and pediment strips. They start with the cornices. They are attached directly to the lining and secured with roofing nails.

Then the gable strips are attached in the same way. The nails are struck at a distance of 15 cm.

Laying tiles

It is removed before installation.

Laying a soft roof (including with your own hands) begins with the eaves and ridge. Universal ridge-eaves tiles are fixed along the entire length.

The edges of this roofing element are glued with TechnoNIKOL mastic and nailed with roofing nails. The nails are struck at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.

Then guide lines are beaten off with a coated cord for reference. Shingles are laid over them.

Shingles color may vary slightly.

To prevent one part of the roof slope from being a different color from the other, you need to open all the packages before starting work and use elements from them one by one.

So the difference in color, if there is one, will not be noticeable.

After all, shingles from different packages will be mixed.

Installation of the first row of elements begins from the middle and alternately moves in both directions. Each shingle, especially the outer ones, is well sealed with TechnoNIKOL mastic.

Roofing nails with wide heads are driven in specially designated places. They are different for each type of tile.

Therefore, the instructions for the purchased roof must be read. Having reached the ridge, do not forget to leave slots for aerators.

When laying along the edges of the roof, you need to adjust the size of the tiles. This is done simply. The elements are cut to size with a sharp knife.

In the same way, soft tiles are cut when lining dormers and ventilation pipes, valleys and hips.

To cut shingles, use a small sheet of plywood, which is placed under the element to be cut. This is necessary to avoid damaging the already installed shingles.

Final stage

This includes installing a ridge and aerators. The latter are used for ventilation devices. Air moves upward from the eaves, so aerators are installed as high as possible.

The best thing is in the skate itself. The method of attaching aerators is the same as for tiles. Aerators are fastened using nails. After installation, they are covered on top with ridge tiles.

Due to its resistance to moisture and good strength, a soft roof will provide an airtight coating for any structure.

To figure out how to lay a soft roof, let's take a closer look at this material and find out existing varieties and installation details.

Soft roofing is produced on modern equipment in accordance with the certificate, which indicates its high quality. The material is divided into several types:

• roll covering
• membrane
• bitumen shingles
• roofing mastic

Roll coating is divided into roofing felt and rubemast. The structure of the material consists of a base of fiberglass (rubemast) or roofing cardboard (roofing felt), impregnated with bitumen.

The front side is covered with a layer of basalt chips, which protects the bitumen from the effects of negative weather factors.

Sometimes used for protective coating quartz sand or granite chips.

Through the use of crumbs different colors the roof covering becomes colored.

The service life of roofing felt is 5 years, rubemast is more than 20 years.

The membrane is produced in several types: PVC, TPO, EPDM.

The large width of the material allows you to cover large buildings with a minimum number of seams. The membrane can be laid all year round, regardless of weather conditions.

Life time membrane roofing about 50 years old.

Bitumen shingles are small pieces of sheets cut from a bitumen roll. Each sheet has tiles cut into different geometric shapes.

The structure of the tile is similar to rubemast. The service life is designed for 15 – 20 years.

Roofing mastics can be bitumen, polymer and bitumen-polymer. In turn, they are divided into hot and cold. Roof, flooded hot mastic, is called mastic and is characterized by rapid hardening.

Roofing made from cold mastic is called self-leveling. The mastic is sold to the consumer ready for use - one-component or consisting of two compositions - two-component. These compounds are mixed before use.

Advantages of the material

To get a closer look at the characteristics of the roof, let's look at its advantages:

• The material is adapted to sudden changes in temperature (except for roofing felt) from +50 o C to -60 o C. The ability to withstand cold and heat allows it to be used in any region with a specific climate. Some species are used even in the far north.
• Resistance to mechanical stress allows you to withstand the impact of hail and tree branches falling on the roof.
• The use of mastic allows you to install a monolithic roof without seams.
• The membrane completely replaces the moisture-proof coating laid on the roof insulation. The device of 100% waterproofing allows you to save on purchasing additional materials this direction.
• The roof installation technology is simple. Depending on the type of material, the specifics of installation differ.
• The flexible structure of the roof allows it to be laid on domes and roofs complex structures.
• During installation, up to 5% of material waste remains, which is impossible when using a solid roof.
• High sound insulation absorbs the noise of hail and heavy rain.
• Different colors and shapes of bitumen shingles allow you to create original roofs.

Nuances of arranging joints

When laying the roof (except for mastic), the main load is on the joints.

The butt joint device consists of two pieces.

When arranging the roof, installation begins from there.

Work with joints must be carried out in accordance with technical requirements.

The soft roof kit includes installation instructions.

The service life of the coating depends on its compliance.

Butt joints roll covering and the membranes represent the glued or welded seams of two sheets.

To increase strength and create tightness, the sheets are laid overlapping. After gluing the sheets of rolled coating, the seam is covered with crumbs.

Roofing with bitumen shingles is used to cover attics, towers and other complex roof structures. When arranging the roof, the main joints are:

• At the installation site of the cornice strip and the first sheet
• When laying the ridge strip
• At the junction with each top row
• Shingles (individual tiles) are glued using a self-adhesive bottom surface. To ensure joint strength, each shingle is nailed overlapping with the next tile.

Base for soft roof

The quality of installation of a soft roof depends on the prepared base. The optimal base structure is chipboard, flat concrete surface, smooth board, OSB.

To achieve smooth surface concrete roof, make a screed with a slope under the water flow. For better adhesion of concrete to bitumen mastic, it is treated with a primer.

If the roof is made of solid boards, all cracks and holes are caulked. Before installing the roofing material, the remains of the old coating, dirt and dust must be removed from the base surface.

When reviewing the roofing material, you need to pay attention to the lining layer. Sheets without crumbs are used for it. The lining is laid as the first layer from the bottom of the roof in the upward direction.

Longer roof lifespan increases ventilated space rafter roofs. To do this, use an aerator, which provides ventilation under the roof.

Installation technology for roll roofing and tiles

The technology for laying bitumen roofing requires minimal heating of the surface of the material by sunlight. Severe overheating can cause unexpected gluing of sheets to each other, which will complicate installation work.

In such conditions, bitumen sticks together better. Let's look at how to lay a soft roof on a roof made of tiles and rolls.

When starting to work with roofing felt, you need to pay attention to its markings. The letter “P” in the designation indicates that this is a lining roofing material without crumbs. It is laid as the first layer. The letter “K” means that the roofing material is roofing material. It is laid as the top layer.

The following letters in the designation of roofing felt after the letter “K” indicate the type of stone chips used for the top covering of the material.

Calculate coating layers and select mastic

In order for a roofing felt roof to be durable, it is necessary to correctly calculate the number of layers. There is a rule: the smaller the angle of inclination of the roof, the more layers of roofing material will need to be laid.

More information about the technology of installing roofing membranes is presented in the video:

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