License for educational activities. The procedure for obtaining a license for educational activities

The legislation regulating the sphere of educational services in Russia has changed quite significantly in recent years. On the one hand, now training can be carried out not only by government institutions, but also commercial organizations On the other hand, compulsory licensing of any such activity was introduced. That is why the question of whether it is necessary educational license in one case or another.

If you need a turnkey educational license without unnecessary bureaucracy, then order its registration from professionals.

Legislative acts determining the need for an educational license

Before considering the types of services when a license is needed educational activities, it is necessary to list the main legislative acts regulating the field of education at present. These include:

Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” No. 273-FZ, issued on December 29, 2012
Law “On Licensing...” No. 99-FZ, signed on May 4, 2011
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 966, dated October 28, 2013

The first two mentioned Federal Laws contain the main provisions regulating the provision of educational services. The recently adopted Law on Education contains especially many innovations. It contains an affirmative answer to the current and burning question of whether an educational license is needed.

Developed and signed somewhat later, Resolution No. 966 contains a specific list of services when an educational license is needed, as well as a description of cases when obtaining one is not required.

Types of educational services that require a license to provide

The above legislative acts provide for the mandatory receipt of a license for educational activities if an organization or individual entrepreneur provides services in preschool, general, vocational, additional vocational education or vocational training. For a more accurate idea of the specific types of educational activities that are subject to licensing, each of them should be considered separately.

Preschool and secondary general education

A type of educational activity that absolutely every person encounters. After changes are made to federal legislation, such services can be provided by both non-profit and commercial organizations. At the same time, they are required to obtain a license.

Professional education

One of the most common types of educational services. It includes four levels:

secondary vocational;
higher education with a bachelor's degree;
higher education with a master's or specialist's degree;
higher education with specialist training highest category(graduate studies, internship, residency).

Only educational organizations have the right to provide vocational education.

Additional professional education

This type Educational services can only be provided by non-profit organizations. There are two main types of educational programs, the purpose of which is:

training;
professional retraining.

Professional education

Educational services for vocational training can also be provided by any organization, both commercial and non-profit. There are three types of programs:

training of workers by profession, employees by position;
retraining of workers and employees;
advanced training of workers and employees.

The types of services listed above contain an almost complete list of situations when a license for educational activities is required.

Cases when a license for educational activities is not required

Currently, current legislation provides for only one case when a license for educational activities is not required. It represents a situation in which the service is provided personally by an officially registered individual entrepreneur. However, he cannot hire other specialists, working only independently. Examples of such activities are the services of a tutor, a private teacher with the necessary work experience and education. Also, without a license, personal running of clubs, sections or studios is allowed, carried out by an individual entrepreneur without the involvement of additional specialists.

Before the entry into force of Resolution No. 966, obtaining a license was not required in cases where, as a result of study, certification was not carried out and a final document on the education received was not issued. Examples of such situations are trainings, seminars or lectures. Last changes led to the fact that this activity can be carried out without a license, but this is due to the fact that it is not educational. By new classification Such services are classified as cultural or leisure.

1. Educational activities are subject to licensing in accordance with the law Russian Federation about licensing individual species activities taking into account the features established by this article. Licensing of educational activities is carried out by types of education, by levels of education, by professions, specialties, areas of training (for vocational education), by subtypes additional education.

2. Applicants for a license to carry out educational activities are educational organizations, organizations providing training, as well as individual entrepreneurs, with the exception of individual entrepreneurs carrying out educational activities directly.

3. Licensing of educational activities is carried out by a licensing body - a federal executive body exercising control and supervision functions in the field of education, or an executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation exercising the delegated powers of the Russian Federation in the field of education, in accordance with the powers established by this Federal law.

4. The license to carry out educational activities (hereinafter also referred to as the license) has an annex, which is an integral part of it. The annex to the license contains information about types of education, levels of education (for vocational education, also information about professions, specialties, areas of training and qualifications assigned to the relevant professions, specialties and areas of training), subtypes of additional education, as well as addresses of places of implementation of educational activities, with the exception of places where educational activities are carried out for additional professional programs, main programs vocational training. For each branch of an organization carrying out educational activities, a separate annex to the license is drawn up, also indicating the name and location of such branch. The form of the license, the form of the annex to the license and the technical requirements for these documents are established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing public policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

5. Re-issuance of a license, along with the cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on licensing of certain types of activities, is carried out by the licensing authority in the following cases:

1) reorganization of legal entities in the form of merger if the acquired legal entity has a license;

2) reorganization of legal entities in the form of their merger if one reorganized legal entity has a license or licenses from several reorganized legal entities.

6. Re-issuance of a license, depending on the basis for its re-issuance, is carried out in full or in part of the corresponding application.

7. When reorganizing an organization carrying out educational activities in the form of joining it with another organization carrying out educational activities, re-issuance of a license is carried out on the basis of the licenses of such organizations.

8. In order to ensure the implementation of educational activities by an organization carrying out educational activities and resulting from the reorganization of the licensee in the form of division or separation, the licensing authority grants such an organization a temporary license in accordance with the license of the reorganized licensee. The temporary license is valid for one year.

9. An application for a temporary license and the documents attached to it are submitted to the licensing authority no later than fifteen working days from the date of making the relevant changes to the unified State Register legal entities.

10. The licensing body makes a decision to grant a temporary license within a period not exceeding ten working days from the date of receipt of the license applicant’s application for a temporary license and the documents attached to it.

11. The form of the application for a temporary license, as well as the list and forms of documents attached to it, are established by the federal executive body exercising control and supervision functions in the field of education.

12. The licensing authority makes a decision to return the application and the documents attached to it to the license applicant or licensee with a reasoned justification for the reasons for the return, along with the cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on licensing of certain types of activities, if one of the following grounds is present:

1) licensing of educational activities of a license applicant or licensee in accordance with this Federal Law is not within the competence of the licensing body;

2) educational activities are applied for licensing under educational programs that the license applicant or licensee, in accordance with this Federal Law, does not have the right to implement;

3) in accordance with the provisions on licensing educational activities, the licensee has an unfulfilled order from the federal executive body exercising control and supervision functions in the field of education, or an executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation exercising powers delegated by the Russian Federation for state control (supervision) in field of education.

13. Licensing of the educational activities of educational organizations, the founders of which are religious organizations, is carried out on the proposals of the relevant religious organizations (if such religious organizations are part of the structure of centralized religious organizations, on the proposals of the relevant centralized religious organizations). When licensing the educational activities of religious educational organizations, information is provided on the qualifications of teaching staff who have theological degrees and theological titles.

14. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation collects and transmits to the licensing authority applications from foreign institutions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation as license applicants or licensees for the grant or renewal of licenses and documents attached to such applications.

15. Licensing requirements and conditions established in the regulations on licensing of educational activities must take into account the features of:

1) confirmation of the legal grounds for the use by religious educational organizations of the premises in which educational activities are carried out, as well as the educational qualifications of the teaching staff of these organizations;

2) requirements for buildings, structures, structures, premises and territories of foreign institutions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, where educational activities are carried out, as well as for the organization of educational activities in them;

Law of July 3, 2016 N 305-FZ.

16. Features of licensing the educational activities of educational organizations that implement educational programs containing information constituting state secrets and are under the jurisdiction of the federal executive body in the field of security, the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy, legal regulation , control and supervision in the field of state security, the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of defense, the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in sphere of internal affairs, for the development of state policy in the field of migration, the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of military activities national guard Russian Federation, in the field of arms trafficking, in the field of private security activities and in the field private security, the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy, legal regulation, control and supervision in the field of trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, in the field of combating their illicit trafficking, other educational organizations implementing educational programs containing information , constituting a state secret, are determined by the regulations on licensing of educational activities.

(see text in the previous edition)

Since 2013, commercial organizations and individual entrepreneurs have received the right to provide services in the field of education on an equal basis with non-profit organizations. Educational Services. Previously we looked at the complete In this article we will tell you how to obtain a license for educational.

Who needs a license

First, let's find out when a license for educational activities is not required. In Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 28, 2013 N 966, which approved the regulation on licensing educational activities, only one such possibility is indicated. A license is not needed if services are provided personally individual entrepreneur. These are the services of tutors, private teachers, studios, clubs, etc., where classes are taught by the entrepreneur himself, who has the appropriate education and work experience.

We draw the attention of individual entrepreneurs - if you hire other teaching staff, then a license for educational activities of an individual entrepreneur is required. At the same time, workers of other profiles who do not directly provide educational services, you can hire without a license.

In the previous edition, the provision on licensing educational activities allowed for another opportunity to work without a license - if, based on the results of training, a final certification was not carried out and a document on education was not issued. It is still possible to conduct trainings, seminars, lectures without a license, the completion of which does not require supporting documents, but such activities are not called educational, but cultural or leisure.

The list of services that require a license includes the following types of education: preschool, general, secondary vocational, higher, additional general education, additional vocational and education of religious personnel of religious organizations.

Obtaining a license for educational activities is a complex and lengthy process. Only reviewing documents and making a decision on issuing a license or refusing to issue it takes 60 days. Before that, we need to prepare a number of permits from other government bodies and develop our own educational programs. And yet, business in the field of education can be called profitable, so if you want to engage in this area, you need to go through the licensing procedure once.

The license is issued for an indefinite period, and if you do not re-register it, then you will no longer have to contact officials on this issue.

License requirements

The licensing regulations establish the following requirements for applicants in 2018:

own or rented building (premises) corresponding to the declared educational programs;
sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for this premises;
logistical support of educational activities in accordance with the requirements of federal standards;
compliance with the conditions for protecting the health of students;
own developed educational programs;
printed and electronic educational and information resources for these programs;
staff or hired under a civil contract teaching staff having professional education and work experience.

For a complete list of requirements, depending on the type of education, see the text of the Resolution.

IN regulations regulating the licensing of educational activities, the issue of the organizational and legal form of the licensee is not clearly addressed. The Law on Education No. 273-FZ gives the following concept educational organization: “a non-profit organization that carries out educational activities as its main activity on the basis of a license.” The concept of “organization providing training” means entity, which conducts this activity as an additional one.

educational organizations;
organizations providing training;
individual entrepreneurs carrying out educational activities.

A license to conduct educational activities can be obtained regardless of legal form and commercial orientation of the licensee. At the same time, an LLC can obtain a license for educational activities if this line of business is additional and not the main one.

Documents for obtaining a license

The license applicant must document that he has created all the necessary conditions to provide services in the field of education. To do this, collect the following package of documents:

application for a license;
a document confirming the right to use the premises (a copy of the certificate of ownership, lease or sublease agreement);
a copy of the LLC charter or a copy of the individual entrepreneur registration certificate;
a copy of the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or Unified State Register of Entrepreneurs;
a copy of the tax registration certificate of an LLC or individual entrepreneur;
copies of the conclusions of the SES and State Fire Supervision on the compliance of the premises with the necessary requirements;
certificate on the conditions for the functioning of the electronic information and educational environment;
information about printed and electronic resources;
certificate of teaching staff;
certificate of approval of educational programs;
certificate of conditions for obtaining education by students with disabilities;
certificate of logistics;
confirmation of payment of state duty in the amount of 7,500 rubles;
list of documents.

Certificate forms are available on the Ministry of Education website.

Procedure for obtaining a license

Licensing of educational activities is carried out by Rosobrnadzor and regional executive bodies. You must contact Rosobrandzor if you plan to open:

higher education institution;
organizations of federal significance;
a Russian organization located outside the Russian Federation;
foreign organization in Russia.

You can make an appointment at Rosobrandzor online on the official website.

In other cases, contact the regional government agencies that have the right to issue licenses. Contacts of these institutions are published on the Rosobrandzor website; to find them, select your region on the interactive map.

The procedure for obtaining an educational license consists of the following steps:

Study SNiP and SanPin for your field of study.
Prepare the room and equip it according to requirements and standards.
Obtain a conclusion from the SES and fire inspection for the premises.
Develop and approve educational programs.
Make sure your organization's educators have Required documents about education, qualifications, work experience.
Buy furniture, equipment, appliances, educational literature, methodological manuals for conducting classes.
Pay the state fee for issuing a license.
Submit documents to the licensing authority.

Documents are accepted according to the inventory; if deficiencies are found in them, they are returned to the applicant for revision (for up to 30 days). After this, the stage of checking the accuracy of the submitted information begins, not only documentary, but also with an on-site visit. Within 60 days from the date of registration of the application, officials issue permission or refusal to obtain a license.

Refusal must be motivated and is possible on two grounds: unreliable information or lack of conditions for the learning process. The state fee in case of refusal is not refunded.

What happens if you work without a license?

For the provision of educational services without a license, administrative, tax and criminal liability is provided. The fines can reach 500 thousand rubles, and the term of imprisonment can be up to five years. Of course, such severe punishment is applied extremely rarely when work without a license has caused major damage or large-scale income has been generated.

In addition, the provision of services without a license reduces the competitiveness of an educational organization:

there are no benefits when participating in an auction for the right to lease municipal real estate;
a document confirming receipt of education or advanced training is not recognized;
students studying in an unlicensed organization cannot receive tax deduction on training costs;
serious advertising sources do not accept advertisements from such organizations.

Do tutors need a license for educational activities? Returning to the topic of the need to obtain a license, we can talk separately about those who do not need it. Individual entrepreneurs who directly carry out educational activities themselves: tutoring, English teaching, drawing or modeling studios, etc., may not obtain an educational license.

By hiring workers whose duties are not related to teaching, an entrepreneur also may not obtain a license and can safely work legally.

In all other cases, educational activities cannot be carried out without a license.

Until 2013, according to the law, a license was not needed if, based on the results of training, certification was not carried out and the corresponding diplomas were not issued. Most often, such training includes trainings, lectures and seminars, conducted rather as elective training.

This type of training, with the entry into force of changes in current legislation, is not subject to licensing. Now such training programs belong to the class of leisure or cultural, rather than educational, and therefore an educational license is not required to conduct them.

Licensing of educational institutions in accordance with the Federal Law “On Education” (Article 33) is one of the forms of ensuring state guarantees of obtaining a quality education.

For recent years In accordance with the program "Modernization of capital education" ("Capital education -3"), a system of documentary provisions of institutions that carry out licensing and certification of educational institutions and education workers has been created.

All these procedures are carried out on the basis of regulatory documents, the main of which is the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” and “Regulations on Licensing of Educational Institutions” approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 18, 2000 No. 796

The right to conduct educational activities established by the legislation of the Russian Federation arises from the moment a license (permit) is issued to an educational institution.

Based on these documents and other provisions, licensing and certification of educational institutions and educational workers is carried out. A license for the right to conduct educational activities is issued by state educational authorities based on the decision of an expert commission.

Licensing is a procedure to determine the compliance of educational activities with the declared programs. Based on the examination, a certificate of the right to conduct educational activities is issued. The subject and content of the examination is to establish compliance of the conditions for the implementation of the educational process offered by the educational institution with state and local requirements in terms of building codes and rules, sanitary and hygienic standards, health protection of students, employees of an educational institution, equipment of educational premises, features of the educational process, educational qualifications of teaching staff and staffing levels.

After licensing, a certificate of accreditation is issued for the right to carry out final certification of students, issue state-issued certificates and certify documents with a round official seal.

The right of an educational institution to issue to its students a state-issued document on the appropriate level of education and to use a seal with the image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation arises from the moment of state accreditation, confirmed by a certificate of state accreditation.

A certificate of state accreditation confirms the status of an educational institution, the level of educational programs being implemented, the compliance of the content and quality of graduate training with the requirements of state educational standards, and the right to issue state-issued documents to graduates on the appropriate level of education.

Certification is a process that results in a conclusion about the level and quality of educational activities in an institution. Certification can reveal the reasons for failure or identify ways to improve the professional performance of the team. (For example, change the status of an institution). This is one of the levers for improving the work of each educational institution and the development of the entire educational space as a whole. Certification of an educational institution is carried out upon its application once every 5 years. The purpose of certification is to establish content compliance. The level and quality of training of graduates of an educational institution meets the requirements of state educational standards.

But how to competently and correctly conduct an examination? Where to get necessary specialists? This problem is urgent and given by life

Thus, the problem of conducting a competent qualified examination, drawing up a competent, least subjective conclusion that reflects the characteristics of the educational process in a particular institution is identified.

Concepts such as “expertise”, “expert”, “humanitarianism of expertise”, i.e. approaches and values are firmly anchored in the consciousness and in the educational space.

However, since there are no specific points or scales for assessing the activities of an educational institution for compliance with the stated standards and programs, it is very important at the present stage to prepare competent specialists and equip them with knowledge of the regulatory framework, examination technology, an assessment system or methodology for drawing up conclusions. In addition, it is very important that the expert is psychologically prepared for this procedure and avoids or skillfully resolves emerging conflicts. Therefore, on the basis of lectures, seminars, and practical classes, an attempt was made to generalize the received material and practically use it using the example of drawing up an expert opinion.

1. The regulatory framework on which the licensing procedure is based.

Licensing of educational activities is carried out in accordance with the main regulatory documents:

Law of the Russian Federation "On Education", (as amended) Federal laws 1996 - 2003 with amendments introduced by the Decree of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in 2000-2002. No. 176-FZ) Art. 33

"Regulations on licensing of educational activities", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 18, 2000 No. 796.

Model regulations on general education and educational institutions

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations. SanPin 2.4.1. 1249-03 (approved by the Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on March 25, 2003)

Federal laws defining standards for labor protection.

Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 210 and 231.

Law of the Russian Federation "On the fundamentals of labor protection in the Russian Federation"

Family Code

2. Expertise as a way to evaluate activities.

Goals and objectives of the examination.

An expert commission is created to carry out the licensing procedure. The expert commission is created by state educational authorities empowered by the legislation of the Russian Federation at the request of the founder.

The subject and content of the examination is to establish compliance of the conditions for the educational process offered by the educational institution with state and local requirements in terms of building codes and regulations, sanitary and hygienic standards, health protection of students, employees of the educational institution, equipment of educational premises, features educational process, educational qualifications of teaching staff and staffing levels. The content, organization and methods of the educational process are not the subject of examination.

All licensing procedures are of a humanistic nature, since it is impossible, in accordance with the law, to determine the activities of a particular educational institution on an exact scale. At the end of the twentieth century, an innovative field in education was formed in Russia, in Moscow.

To evaluate the activities of educational institutions, expertise is required. Expertise is used when:

It is impossible to predict how these innovations will affect the future based on current laws. And this situation is very relevant in education.
It is impossible to experimentally repeat the experience during the process.

The presence of many uncertain factors that are beyond control.

Availability of multiple ways to solve the problem.

Expertise is a kind of research that requires a specialist to have knowledge in the area being investigated. Expertise is the analysis and making of value judgments, on the basis of which an expert opinion is made. The examination is carried out by people and therefore it is always subjective and always personal in assessment and requires in each specific case its own expert in examination. For example, examination when creating an expert opinion when licensing an educational institution, examination of assessing the activities of a teacher, examination of the relevance and novelty of work in the Higher Attestation Commission.

In an educational institution, examination makes it possible to identify the significance of an innovation and its direction. If the innovation fits into the existing regulatory framework, then it is good, but if not, then it may be an offense.

It is important how the results of the examination will be interpreted. This is often also very subjective and can even distort the essence of the innovation.

Training, education, education management, advanced training - these are all areas of innovation in the education process. Innovation must have a result in the group where it occurs and this is revealed by examination. For example, innovation in education is the formation of new values in children. Innovation in management - motivation to manage or change in delegation of authority. Innovation in teaching - project work as a way to achieve the final result.

The purpose of the examination of educational activities is to evaluate possible innovations and obtain data on the effectiveness of investments in education.

Expertise is needed to assess the quality of work of an educational institution, to obtain judgments about the educational institution, that is, compliance with the standards of its work. Expertise is needed to differentiate and define different educational practices and to understand innovation.

2.1. Functions of examination.

Pragmatic - determine the optimal solution, assume what the results will be

Research - allows you to deeply consider models, innovations, practical achievements, and develop evaluation criteria.

Evaluative - allows you to give a qualitative or quantitative assessment,

Humanistic - we consider only humanistic innovations, since it is impossible to evaluate the work of an educational institution as a whole using a scale or points.

Social - reveals the importance of expertise for the educational community, that is, sometimes we do not believe in innovations or do not see them. And the examination refutes or confirms this.

Corrective - involves the transformation of innovations

Motivational - presupposes the conditions for inclusion in innovation, that is, overcoming the resistance of the team.

Educational - involves involvement in the experiment and the acquisition of self-study skills, that is, self-reflection, introspection and the acquisition of significant skills.

Informal - the examination function was developed by A.A. Pinsky.

Developmental - ensures the development of process members.

Advisory and supportive - supports innovative practice.

Expertise is an activity that is aimed at identifying the depth of the level of development of innovation in educational activities. The result of the examination should be a description of ways to implement innovative activities from the point of view of preserving the uniqueness and specificity of the process and may also contain correction of directions and methods of development.

2.2. Typology of expertise.

The literature notes that there is no special classification of examinations.

However, we can distinguish examination as a kind of scientific method.

Group, individual, reflective or self-examination - by type.

The form of contact is face-to-face and preliminary.

The form of presentation of materials is written and oral.

In relation to the object - open (the results are communicated to the object) and closed, and semi-closed.

By the method of influence - direct and indirect.

According to the subject - internal and external.

According to the goals of orientation - constructive, predictive, formative.

2.3. Models of examinations used in the education system.

Regulatory and controlling

Qualifying

Tasting room

Understanding

2.3.1 Regulatory and regulatory examination

Assumes control of the norm. For example, documents submitted by the school are compared for compliance with standard provisions. Here you can highlight how many stages

2.3.2 Expert documents are compared with higher level documents.

2.3.3 The state of the document in terms of its positive impact on the development of the educational process.

2.3.4 Examination of document approval. After this, the document moves from the category of temporary to the category of permitting and normative.

Qualifying or interpretive expertise. Allows you to determine how much this innovation lies in the sociocultural and educational context. The subject of the examination must present not a standard, but diagrams. Goals, values, methods of achieving and possibilities for achieving the results of expert activities. Qualifying expertise determines the possibility and necessity of transferring innovation to new conditions. For example, the transition of educational activities to the conditions of a gymnasium or lyceum.

This examination, together with regulatory control, is used when the innovation has a holistic design. For example, developmental education according to the Elkonin-Davydov system.

Tasting examination - assessment of innovative activity is carried out based on the expert’s taste, his feelings, significance, originality, and the need for the method. This type of examination is very subjective. And in principle it is not formalized.

Understanding expertise - in this case, innovations are not assessed, but innovations are supposed to be further formalized, innovations are grown to the level of translation. In this case, the expert tries, tries to take the author’s position in order to understand the author’s intention.

2.4. Expertise concept.

2.4.1 Stages of examination

Preparatory stage - Defines deadlines, goals, objectives, indicators, types of examinations. At this stage, the rights and responsibilities of the members of the expert group are determined

The organizational stage involves the selection of experts according to the logic of the examination.

The working stage is conducting an examination using questionnaires, interviews, free conversation, checking the compliance of documents with the stated application.

Analytical stage - analysis of the results obtained and drawing up an expert opinion based on previously completed stages.

2.4.2. Subject of examination

Productivity of activity - that is, the typical product of activity becomes of higher quality.

Increasing the quality of knowledge means increasing the number of excellent students

The mechanism of reflexive self-regulation underlying self-improvement assumes the emergence of new competencies.

2.4.3 Examination criteria

Criterion - a sign on the basis of which the examination is carried out

General criteria - determine the assessment of significance in terms of trends and directions of development. General criteria evaluate the novelty and innovativeness of the project. In addition, general criteria determine the scale of innovation and the level of significance of the project. The possibility of its distribution at the local, local or regional, or federal level. Possibility of changing the level of education at each of these levels. General criteria determine the systematic nature of the project; the project can be fragmented or systemic. General criteria can determine the effectiveness of an innovation, that is, what will happen with the introduction of this innovation. For example, improvement, enrichment of educational practice or not. General criteria evaluate the ability to broadcast, replicate achievements and experience.

Special - determine the content and competence of the project from the point of view of norms and concepts. Special criteria determine how realistic the problems and goals are, that is, they determine the completeness of the project structure. The competence of special criteria includes determining the degree of elaboration of the structural elements of the project. Special criteria determine the consistency of structural elements.

Particular criteria determine the degree of validity of the project in terms of its implementation and viability. Private criteria evaluate the realism of an educational project in terms of compliance with ideas, goals and objectives educational project real conditions and provision of resources. In addition, private criteria evaluate the feasibility of an educational project. The author must indicate how other entities will be included in his project. It should be noted that private criteria determine the manageability of an educational project. This means having forms and an action plan for the implementation of the project.

3. Licensing of educational institutions. Features of the procedure, approximate algorithm

It should be noted that the licensee - an institution or a private person whose activities are subject to licensing, before the licensing procedure submits an application of the established form to the state licensing service.

Each educational institution must have permission to conduct educational activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. This right arises for an educational institution from the moment it is issued a license, that is, a permit.

A license for the right to conduct educational activities is issued government agency Department of Education based on the decision of the expert commission. The expert commission is created by the state education management body, empowered by the legislation of the Russian Federation at the request of the founder.

Subject and content of licensing examination educational institutions is to establish compliance of the conditions for the educational process offered by the educational institution with state and local requirements in terms of building codes and regulations, sanitary and hygienic standards, health protection of students, pupils and employees of educational institutions, equipment of educational premises, equipment of the educational process. Also, the subject of licensing examination is the educational qualifications of teaching staff and staffing levels in the institution.

The purpose of licensing is to establish the conformity of the declared programs (primary general, basic general, secondary (complete) education, additional education). areas of additional education, for example - Artistic-aesthetic, Cultural, Scientific-technical, Social-pedagogical, Physical education-sports, Local history correspondence of preschool education to the stated priority areas. The conditions of the educational process must comply with Art. No. 33 clause 9 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education"

Licensing is a system that determines the compliance of what must be looked at in accordance with the licensing regulations, with the regulations on the school, in accordance with the Law “On Education”, the Civil Code and other legal documents in accordance with the declared programs.

Licensing includes checking the compliance of legal documents, property relations, educational and methodological support, checking the compliance of the material and technical base, regulatory training of the student population in accordance with the project load, the level of education of teaching staff, compliance with sanitary standards, and labor protection.

Before entering an educational institution, the expert receives a licensing assignment. All programs are prescribed in the licensing application. The type of educational institution and its type are indicated. For example, the type of institution is “comprehensive school”, the type of institution

Primary school

Basic secondary school

middle School of General education

The expert must comply with ethical standards of behavior, be self-possessed, and not conflict.

Legal aspect of licensing -

The charter of the school must be drawn up in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”.

The charter must be registered, that is, the date of registration must be indicated.

You must have a certificate of entry into the register.

There must be a certificate of tax registration, that is, there must be a TIN.

The charter of the school must have the correct name of the educational institution, repeated in all documents, information about the establishment of the educational institution, the goals and objectives of the educational institution, the organization of the educational process must be noted in accordance with Article 13 of the Law “On Education” of the Russian Federation. In addition, it is necessary to specify the rights and responsibilities of participants in the educational process, management aspects educational process, types and types of educational programs. It is necessary to note the presence of a land certificate. The expert should know that State educational institutions have documents for buildings that are under their operational management, and Non-state educational institutions must provide documents for buildings that are under their economic control or ownership.

When conducting an examination, it is necessary to check the availability of completed documents for land use rights. Land in state institutions and buildings are in operational use, while in non-state educational institutions they can be owned or used under a lease agreement. All these documents must be checked for availability and correct execution.

In addition, the package of documents must include an agreement with medical institution, if the school has a medical office, an agreement with the school canteen. The expert must look at the institution’s readiness certificate, the conclusions of the SES and the State Fire Supervision.

If the school has classes operating under an agreement with universities, then this agreement must be formalized. If the school opens lyceum, gymnasium, and specialized classes, this must be confirmed by the appropriate permitting documents.

The expert looks at the curriculum, curricula used in the educational process, equipment and equipment of classrooms, the level of qualifications of teachers and its compliance with the subject being taught. Be sure to note the features of the curriculum. What subjects are integrated, what is the school component used for, how do students of specialized and gymnasium classes study, with what weekly load and 5 or 6 day school week.

The level of qualifications must correspond to the subject being taught; the teacher must undergo professional retraining if he does not have a pedagogical education. The teacher’s personal file must contain documents on education, advanced training, and timely certification.

If the school has any courses (for example, “Hairdressing Courses”), then the educational institution must provide a license to provide this service, documents confirming the educational level of the course teachers, that is, the course teachers must have a pedagogical education in the specialty “Hairdressing” . If an educational institution employs persons who have foreign diplomas, then they require a notarized translation and recognition of this diploma in the territory of the Russian Federation. For example, a diploma was issued on the territory of the Uzbek SSR, during the existence of the USSR.

When going to school, it is necessary to know the type of educational institution, since when licensing non-state institutions, the use curricula is exemplary.

Licensing begins with studying the package of documents.

The first thing that is studied is the application that the school submitted for licensing. The application must indicate which programs the school is applying for licensing (primary, secondary, complete (general) education, additional education, etc.). it is mandatory to check how the school component is used to preserve the health of students.

It is necessary to indicate the year the school was built, the estimated capacity of the building and the actual load, that is, the number of students.

The application must indicate the student population, that is, the number of children corresponding to the SaniP and the design of the school building. The expert should know that if there are more children studying than normal, it is necessary to organize a second shift.

During the school inspection process, the expert examines the school’s material and technical base. The expert report must indicate the result of the examination of workshops, classrooms, biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, home economics, and gym rooms. In the expert opinion, it is necessary to indicate which items are minimally equipped with modern equipment, which are maximally equipped, and estimate the percentage of use of outdated equipment. It is necessary for the expert to indicate which and in what percentages TSOs and computers, multimedia support, teacher’s workstations, and portable computer classes are used. Particular attention should be paid to the presence and equipment of the home economics office (service labor office), its modern equipment with new household equipment and appliances. Workshops are also a very important object of expert examination. IN Lately the presence of carpentry and plumbing workshops is becoming a rarity in schools, although they must be presented to complete the expert opinion.

In his work, the expert is guided by the rule: it is necessary to state what he saw, and not discuss who is to blame, why, for example, fungus has developed on the walls in the gym, and the presence of cracks has been detected in the floor. This is a violation sanitary rules, because a piece of peeled plaster can get into the child’s eye and cause injury. A crack in the floor can lead to injury to a child's leg.

When examining offices, it is necessary to note the equipment of the offices, the presence or absence of old and outdated equipment. Particular attention should be paid to the availability of safety regulations and labor protection instructions. All these documents are updated as of September 1st.

Every office and classroom should have a first aid kit; its set of medications corresponds to the subject being studied or the nature of the students’ activities. In each classroom and office, labor safety instructions must be in accordance with the equipment of the office to protect the life and health of students. The cabinet's passport should reflect its occupancy and systematization of material. There should be no unnecessary, extraneous, cluttering things.

In the physics and computer science classroom, special attention is paid to electrical safety (the presence of antistatic linoleum and an area of at least 6 sq.m. per person in the computer science classroom is mandatory), and in the chemistry classroom, it is very important to comply with the rules for storing reagents of different chemical groups, and to have write-off certificates reagents, and compliance with fire safety regulations.

The expert must inspect special premises, for example, a control room, a basement. The control room must have rubber mats and latex gloves, there should not be any old things or junk.

When entering an educational institution, the expert must become familiar with the correspondence of the level of education of teachers to the subject being taught. In the expert opinion, it should be noted how many teachers have higher pedagogical education and how many have higher professional education and in what subjects. It is necessary to note the number of teachers with the highest, first and second qualification categories. It is imperative to reflect advanced training, that is, how many teachers have completed advanced training courses as of September 1 current year and how much is allocated for study in the current academic year. Teachers' personal files must contain documents on education and retraining. It should be noted that once every 5 years a teacher must undergo advanced training courses. You need to know that teachers’ personal files must contain copies of certification sheets confirming the corresponding category. There are cases when a specialist without pedagogical education works as a teacher. In this case, work experience in the subject plays a decisive role.

When filling out the “Labor Safety” block in the expert report, it is necessary to indicate the availability of documents in full or the documentation requires any addition. It is necessary to note the availability of documents on labor protection - instructions, a briefing log, the regularity of training in occupational safety courses for those responsible for this issue (director, deputies, those responsible for labor protection, teachers of physics, computer science, technology, chemistry, etc.) Implementation in practice labor safety instructions are noted by checking the regularity of instructions, the availability of labor protection documentation, and the availability of documents confirming the timeliness of training. Documentation may include the availability of instructions for working on site, instructions for non-electrical personnel assigned to group 1, fire safety (instructions and a briefing log), internal labor regulations.

The expert report must reflect the date (year) of the last repair, and indicate whether it was a major or cosmetic repair. It is necessary to note the problems and condition of the roof, basement, gym, switchboard, toilets, classrooms, medical office, teachers' room, dining room, assembly hall and other premises. Be sure to note the specific conditions of these premises.

If there are tenants in the school, then it is necessary to check the lease agreement and the conditions for compliance with it in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements.

The specifics of the educational process must be indicated, for example, an elementary school is located in a separate room.

The system of additional education must be noted in the expert opinion. Attention is drawn to the nature of the provision of additional education services, that is, paid or free. If the additional education system is free, then it should not repeat the program general education. Each program requires a curriculum, lesson planning, and schedule. It must be noted that the level of education of additional education teachers must correspond to the level of additional education subjects. For example, if classes are held at a school in a shooting circle, then they should take place in a specially equipped place that does not have windows. The place where weapons are stored must be equipped with an alarm system and special safe cabinets for storing weapons. A teacher of additional education is required to undergo timely retraining in weapons possession and have a document on teacher education(Military College Diploma)

Based on the results of the examination, conclusions are drawn

The conditions for the implementation of the educational process correspond (or do not correspond) to the declared programs of primary, general and secondary (complete) education.

The charter of an educational institution complies (or does not comply) with current legislation and allows the declared programs to be implemented in practice.

Materially - technical base allows (does not allow) the implementation of educational programs

The equipment and facilities are new, but in 50% of cases they are obsolete. Requires significant replenishment and replacement. The equipment of the home economics (service labor) office is in unsatisfactory condition.

The educational process is provided by teaching staff with V.P.O. by 98%, full-time teachers 86%, 48% underwent advanced training in 2008-09, the level of education is confirmed by relevant documents.

Occupational safety documentation is presented in full (requires addition, not provided)

After the conclusions, violations and comments are indicated:

For example, a small percentage of teachers of the highest category 7%

The expert opinion is signed by the chairman of the commission and members of the commission.

4. Requirements for the expert’s personality.

4.1. Psychological patterns of communication.

Any expert entering an educational institution receives a task in accordance with the stated positions. These positions are involuntarily attitudinal. During the licensing procedure, the expert communicates, “reads,” and deciphers the received external data. S.L. Rubinstein wrote: "in Everyday life When communicating with people, we navigate their behavior. In the process of communication, a certain psychological plan is developed."

The expert must calmly, without analyzing the reasons for what he saw, display in the expert opinion all the features of the educational institution.

The installation resulting from a licensing application is not always correct. The expert must detach himself from his school and clearly “photograph” what is available in this educational institution.

It happens that an attitude, an opinion from an expert, received not from the outside, but conditioned by the state at the moment, life associations, existing dislikes or sympathies, influences the conclusions or conclusions. This should be avoided. Like it or not does not determine the outcome of the decision. Whether it is true or false under the Law or Regulation is what the expert should be concerned with.

A person’s life baggage consists of the orientation of the individual (goals, attitudes, needs, values, ideals), of the inclinations, abilities, knowledge of each person, of temperament, character, style of relationships with others. These features of communication can in one way or another influence the communication process. Many have noticed how free and confident a person feels when the conversation turns to the field of activity that he successfully masters. However, judgments about an unfamiliar subject will be uncertain and unclear. Therefore, the expert must be well educated on various issues related to the licensing procedure and the preparation of an expert opinion.

4.2. Features of a person's mental makeup.

There are characteristics of the human personality that are genetically, that is, from birth, inherent in it. These individual characteristics determine a person’s ability to communicate, the speed of reaction in communication activities, the type of nervous activity, the severity of experiences, the emotional perception of success and failure in communication and other activities.

They manifest themselves in temperament and general style of behavior.

Temperament - from the Latin word temperamentum, which means proper correspondence of parts, proportionality - a characteristic of a person in terms of his dynamic features: intensity. Speed, pace, rhythm of mental processes and states. There are four types of temperament: sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, melancholic.

Sanguine - strong, balanced, agile. It can be figuratively described as follows: “The running of a mighty stream”

Choleric - strong, unbalanced, impetuous. “The stream powerfully and swiftly rushes its waters from the cliff.”

Phlegmatic - strong, balanced, inert. "Calm, smooth flow of a high-water river"

Melancholic - weak, with weakness of both excitation and inhibition, inhibitory processes predominate. "A weak stream on the plain that can turn into a swamp."

Pure temperament is quite rare. More often in a person there are traits of different types, although the properties of one predominate. Under no circumstances should temperament properties be confused with character traits. A person with any temperament can be honest, kind, tactful, responsible, brave or, conversely, deceitful, rude, evil, cowardly. True, these positive or negative traits manifest themselves differently in people with one or another temperament.

It is important to take into account that, based on a certain temperament, some personality traits are developed more easily, while others are more difficult. Knowing your temperament, the temperament of your colleagues or opponents, you can consciously, relying on its positive manifestations and overcoming its negative ones, develop your communication abilities or creative activities. Therefore, if an expert is required to focus, scrupulously determine the state of the material base, compliance educational activities declared by the program in accordance with the adopted legislation, then it is better to entrust this work to a phlegmatic person. Since the activity of an expert presupposes a quick opportunity to record the state of affairs seen, it is better to include specialists of different temperaments in the expert group.

4.3. Secrets of productive communication.

One of the needs of human communication is to be appreciated, understood, recognized. It's like never before modern conditions is one of the tasks of licensing and certification of educational institutions and teaching staff. Hence, it is very important to let the interlocutor speak, to feel his importance, and to show attention to the interlocutor. It is very important to structure the conversation correctly, to give the opportunity to show yourself with the best side, but at the same time identify and tactfully note shortcomings. Both these omissions and shortcomings must be reflected in the expert opinion. It is necessary to achieve a correct reflection in the expert opinion of what was seen based on the essence of the case, and not from the subjective positions of the expert. It is necessary to persistently pursue the goals of the examination, while at the same time maintaining flexibility and humanity. It is necessary to strive to achieve what is intended, while remaining within the bounds of decency. There are three main categories to consider: perception, emotion, sensation. Various situations in relationships between people fall into one of these three categories of communicative culture.

Perception - identifying the way of thinking of the opposite side. Hence the rule - put yourself in the place of another, do not draw conclusions based on your own judgments. Follow the rule - discuss the differences. Let the other side prove itself, ask for advice, take into account the image of the participant in the communication. This is a requirement of respectful attitude towards interlocutors of different levels.

Emotions - first of all, you need to realize your feelings and feelings, the mood of your partners. Allow the other side, if passions are heating up, to “let off steam”; do not react, because the main thing for you is to achieve an objective result of the examination.

Communication - be polite, delicate, restrained. When conducting an examination, it is necessary to point out shortcomings, but not discuss why this state of affairs occurred. You cannot say: “You are wrong!”, “You did not complete this work!”. You just need to note in conclusion what you saw. The decision is made by the commission, not the expert.

4.4. Conflict, its nature and methods of resolution

A conflict, as we know, is a clash of opinions, positions, social and political orientations. At their core, conflicts vary in level of manifestation and in their impact, positive or negative, on the nature of relationships.

4.4.1 Nature of the conflict

The history of mankind is replete with international, interstate conflicts that bring grief, destruction, and deprivation to those who find themselves involved in them. There is no rationality or humanity in these contradictions. Therefore, recently, special attention has been paid to establishing a culture of peace, forming attitudes of tolerance in human consciousness and preventing extremism in relations between peoples.

Another level of conflicts are contradictions between political parties, Duma factions, groups, and social communities. We constantly become witnesses to such conflicts, receiving information from the media. The sources of such conflicts are economic, ideological, ideological and even personal contradictions, but one way or another they have the character of political conflicts. Political conflicts are one of the forms of social conflicts that can be of different nature. Conflicts caused by interethnic, interethnic, and interreligious contradictions cause particular pain and anxiety. Military clashes in recent years are inevitable due to human casualties, but also because long years leave a trace of bitterness and intolerance in the minds, unhealed wounds in the souls of people. One of the harmful consequences of these conflicts is international terrorism, which marred the beginning of the third millennium. The events of recent years in our country and abroad have convinced us that it is possible to resist rampant cruelty and inhumanity only through unification.

The third level is interpersonal conflicts. They can also be social in nature. Such a conflict between generations was revealed by I.S. Turgenev in the novel "Fathers and Sons". We are seeing a similar conflict today, and in modern conditions it becomes especially acute due to the fact that the range of differences in interests, values, and preferences between older and younger generations is especially pronounced.

The manifestation of nationalism, extremism, the assertion of the superiority of one religion over another - all this is a rejection of the other - another culture, another religion, another ethnic group, other traditions, attitudes, opinions.

Another category of conflicts is also interpersonal in nature and is based on differences in opinions, positions, attitudes, values, orientations, but their manifestation is not associated with rejection of the other. They can arise due to misunderstanding, hostile attitude towards each other, resentment, incorrect attitude towards each other, tactlessness, which arise spontaneously. Unforeseen situations in the process of communication or due to different attitudes towards certain events, phenomena, proposals.

We encounter similar clashes between the old and the new, between the established, the familiar and the innovative in the pedagogical space quite often. In communication between an expert and a licensee there should be no authoritarian positions that prevail under a totalitarian regime. The expert must take the position of a humanist teacher, conducting an open humanistic examination. The debate over the merits of teaching linearly or concentrically is also a conflict between the old and the new. This discussion corresponds to the concept “Truth is born in dispute.”

In resolving a number of issues, conflicts may inevitably arise. They can be both positive and negative. From an expert’s point of view, it is important to understand the sources of conflict, the specifics of contradictions, and ways to resolve the conflict. Taking into account the professional culture of the expert.

Often the source of conflict is disagreement with the expert’s position. Aggressive reaction to a remark. Showing disrespect on both sides. Refusal to submit to the generally accepted order. In 80% of cases, conflicts arise beyond the wishes of the parties, not because of individual conflicts. The most common reason in these cases is inadequate perception of the statement, the habit of interrupting without listening to the end.

Conflict experts note that the speed of speaking is 4 times slower than the speed of thinking. If a person is not focused on what he hears, he rushes to conjecture the information, sometimes inadequately. It has been noticed that men interrupt 2 times more often than women and can only listen attentively for 15-20 minutes.

Another reason is resentment. We resent those who matter to us. This occurs due to the difference between the expected and the real.

An interpersonal conflict arises due to hostility, the desire to humiliate, reproach - this should not happen in the work of an expert. The expert also does not have the right to criticize or express his opinion in any form.

Any conflict must be resolved so that there is no imbalance in relationships or a decrease in psychological comfort.

4.4.2 Methods of conflict resolution.

How to learn to remain cool and calm in an unexpected conflict situation? Popular wisdom teaches self-control and prudence. Remember the proverb: “The morning is wiser than the evening, “Measure twice, cut once.” In other words, do not rush to conclusions or hasty decisions.

Another technique is the ability to switch and divert the attention of the interlocutor in a situation threatening conflict. The expert should not have situations involving intemperance, tactlessness or rudeness. The expert has no right to reproach or humiliate. You can use the principle of emotional compensation and express emotional sympathy. You can use the principle of an authoritative third, citing knowledge of rules and laws. The principle of forced listening is often used, that is, the next one speaks strictly after the first one. In this case, it turns out that the conflicting parties often do not hear each other. Another way to avoid conflict is to use the principle of exchanging positions. In this case, opponents take the position of the opposite side. Often such castling allows one to avoid conflict.

It should be borne in mind that during any examination or inspection it is necessary to show special tact and respect, since people are under tension and, of course, nervous. It is necessary for both parties to master stress tolerance techniques. Life presents quite a few surprises and unpredictable situations. Rude, boorish attitude, offensive or any kind of criticism is unacceptable. It is necessary to maintain self-esteem. It manifests itself in self-control, the ability to maintain equanimity, and in no case be like someone who has been rude or tactless. It is important to remember that the incorrect attitude towards you could have been planned in advance in order to subsequently change the course of events and hide shortcomings. You cannot be hot-tempered, impatient, your strength is manifested in your self-esteem, in tact and tolerance. You should never stoop to a showdown. There is a well-known eastern wisdom: “If we cannot change circumstances, we must change our attitude towards them.”

One of the conditions for developing self-control and stress resistance is the correct attitude towards criticism. Dictionary defines criticism as a discussion, analysis of something in order to evaluate its merits, discover, identify shortcomings. Criticism should be constructive. It is constructive if it carries a positive beginning, if its goal is not to humiliate, but to help, and it is not necessarily a negative judgment about something.

An example would be various critical articles that help to understand the variety of forms of prose, ways of conveying the moods of characters, etc.

IN business communication criticism should help, not unsettle. Then it can be considered constructive, but when carrying out any examination, the expert does not have the right to make critical statements. Otherwise, for criticism to be constructive, it is necessary to offer options for overcoming the situation that has arisen, that is, to take on other functions. It is unacceptable to use any critical statements as a demonstration of your competence, integrity and activity.

For any expert examination You cannot belittle your partner’s dignity; you must be specific and avoid unsubstantiated statements. You must be friendly, show respect for the personality of your opponent, you cannot give any recommendations or make comments.

Analyzing everything that has been said, you can realize that the expert must hear, see, accept the true state of affairs, and reflect this state in the expert opinion. In this case, statements, criticisms, or justifications must not be allowed. The main rule is “The main purpose of the examination is to establish compliance, and the decision is made by the commission.”