Production line for houses made of double timber. Turnkey wooden house inexpensively

The construction company "2-Stroy" has been using a unique Finnish technology for the construction of warm and reliable houses for many years - double timber. These are truly some of the most energy efficient homes on the planet. modern market. We build houses from double timber on a turnkey basis: from designing the structure to interior finishing and putting the building into operation. Strict adherence to technology and a number of ready-made projects.

Why is this timber called Finnish?

The construction of houses from double timber came to us from neighboring Finland, where they have long been able to build warm houses for year-round use. Some sources claim that this technology originated in Austria. This construction technology takes into account not only the harsh climate of the country, but also the affordable cost of construction and savings on heating. The construction of such houses requires minimal costs, which is a characteristic feature of Europeans. Today, Finnish technology is known throughout Europe, Russia and other continents where there is a need for reliable and energy-efficient houses. We are actively promoting this technology in the Moscow, Tula and Kaluga regions and very successfully.

About the material

Double timber is a truly unique technology. The material itself is a hollow system, which includes dry profiled boards assembled into a strong connection. In turn, the boards are assembled according to special technology. Particular attention is paid to the insulation, which fills the empty space between the boards. In double timber technology, the insulation is ecowool, consisting of 80% fire-resistant, recycled paper (cellulose), 13% boric acid (fire retardant) and 7% borax (antiseptic). Cellulose, which is the main component of insulation, is a “breathable” material, which means:

• will never create a vapor-permeable barrier, which eliminates the installation of additional vapor barrier at home;
• provides protection for a house made of double timber from mold and rot;
• guarantees 2 times more effective sound insulation of the house than mineral wool.

Such a structure finished walls in a house kit provides excellent thermal insulation compared to houses made of solid timber similar section. For example, a wall of a house made of double timber, 190 mm thick, will not be inferior in thermal insulation properties to thicker walls made of other materials (400 mm for logs, 1000 mm for bricks). Unlike laminated veneer lumber, this technology does not require adhesive joints. At the end of the day, you receive a home ready to move into.

Wood drying process

An important part of the production of material ready for construction is drying the timber. On a production scale, drying occurs in a gentle mode in special chambers. The drying procedure itself occurs gradually at a temperature in the chamber of 40°C, which eliminates the appearance of cracks in the wood and preserves all the advantages natural wood, strengthen its physical and mechanical characteristics. The result of drying is finished timber, which competes worthy with the more expensive laminated veneer lumber.

About construction technology

The double beam technology assumes that the walls do not require mandatory finishing, since the front surface of each part receives its own unique architectural appearance during production, which has an aesthetic appearance. The walls of the house can be erected without fastening with dowels, due to a special comb profile (tenon in groove), which ultimately allows the assembly to be done very accurately, efficiently and quickly. All parts in the overall design are manufactured on specialized equipment in a factory, where machine processing of wood is necessarily used. All boards are well dried, which will not cause the house to dry out in the future, and this also helps to minimize various types of deformation and cracks. As a result, the wall surface does not require additional finishing.

A double wall, the thickness of which is 22 cm (220 mm), and the width of the internal cavity is 13 cm (130 mm), allows for hidden installation of any utility lines. It is precisely due to the fact that in the production of kits for construction according to Finnish technology Since double timber requires less wood, the cost of construction is quite low compared to laminated timber.

Advantages of building houses from double timber

The main advantages that can be identified for houses made of double timber are the following:

1. Environmentally friendly material - no glue or formaldehyde;
2. Year-round installation - you can build at any time of the year, winter and summer, without restrictions on weather conditions;
3. Minimum construction time - it is always possible to build a standard house kit in 1.5-2 months;
4. The minimum shrinkage of the house is only 1%, which can be called its complete absence;
5. Tightness of the connection - such houses do not require caulking of seams and additional external insulation;
6. The walls do not require sanding - internal and external walls are ready for painting or varnishing and eliminate additional costs for sanding;
7. You can hide all utility lines - pipes, electrical wiring and other utility networks can be laid in the space between the beams;
8. Light weight of the house frame - there is insulation inside the beam, which means the weight of the beam itself is reduced by 2-3 times, which also allows you to save on foundation construction;
9. Structural rigidity - all connections are perfectly accurate, which provides the necessary rigidity to the structure;
10. A favorable microclimate inside the house - the natural aroma of wood and beneficial properties are provided to every owner of a house made of double timber.

Here are the main advantages and features of modern Finnish house building technology, which is now available in Russia. Together with our partners, our organization offers the production and construction of these houses in the central part of Russia. On this page of the site we have posted house designs according to which you can order the construction of a house. You can also contact us with your plans, according to which an individual project will be developed.

Gone are the days when houses were built only from logs. Wood was the only available material, which no one thought about processing. The rotten bathhouse was easy to reassemble, since there were enough trees around.

Today, not every budget can handle a house made of logs or timber, and not everyone wants to wait for the final shrinkage, which can take 2 years. But thanks to modern technology natural materials are used sparingly, and housing is built quickly and has improved characteristics. One of these technologically advanced methods is the construction of houses from double timber.

House built using double timber technology Source 2brus-spb.ru

Construction from double timber: competitiveness of Finnish technology

Double timber construction technology was invented by the Finns and was originally intended for use in regions with harsh winter conditions. This method is suitable not only for building a house, it is applicable for a bathhouse or veranda.

Comparison of prices for materials used in different technologies (compared to double timber):

Double timber with insulation (thickness 150 mm) - 5500 RUR/m².

Profiled timber (thickness 150 mm) - 3500 RUR/m².

Rounded timber - from 5 thousand rubles/m².

Frame-panel technology - from 3.5 thousand rubles/m².

A comparison shows that the double beam technology is more expensive than others, but the price of insulation is already included in it. Insulating the remaining options will level out prices.

Reasons for the insufficient distribution of houses made of double timber in Russia

The above comparison clearly shows one of the reasons - the customer allocates a certain budget for construction, which he is not ready to exceed.

A double timber house project can have complex layout and the original facade. The production of some parts (joints, profiles) is only possible on high-precision computer-controlled woodworking machines. Without specialized equipment, the company will not undertake the work.

Four-sided lock groove (wind lock) ensures high rigidity designs Source stroim-dom.radiomoon.ru

About the Finnish technology for producing double timber

Double timber using the Finnish “warm house” technology should be distinguished from its profiled counterpart. If a profiled beam is made from single-layer solid wood, then a double-layer beam is a structure of two wall elements (boards) connected into a tenon using a special profile. The technological gap formed between them is filled with insulation with heat, steam and sound insulation properties. This layering prevents condensation from forming and retains heat.

For production boards coming spruce and pine wood, since it is light, inexpensive and easy to process. Before use, the workpieces are dried in convection chambers. This procedure increases the strength of the wood and protects it from rotting. Lumber has high consumer characteristics: it becomes lighter and stronger, and is not subject to cracking or deformation.

The prepared boards are processed on machines, acquiring the shape and profile specified by the project, as well as a smooth surface. Tenons and grooves are cut into the products, fastening the timber using a tongue-and-groove system. In such a system, the inter-crown insulation required for log cabins or buildings made of timber, is not needed. For a house kit made of double timber, corner joints (bowls) are also made to prevent freezing of the corners and through blowing.

Corner of a house made of double timber (wind lock) with ecowool filling Source pinterest.com

Insulation

Ecowool (backfill option) or mineral wool are used as insulating material, and the first is preferable for a number of reasons:

Appearance. Lightweight material grayish in color with a fibrous structure and good insulating properties (heat retention).

Compound. The basis (about 80%) is cellulose (waste paper). Additional components are boric acid and borax, which give the cotton wool antiseptic and non-flammable properties.

Properties. Allows air to circulate without retaining moisture (the house does not need a vapor barrier, which cannot be said when using mineral wool). Protects wood from rotting. Sound insulation is 1.5-2 times higher than that of mineral wool.

Thermal insulation characteristics are similar for walls:

made of double timber, 190–200 mm thick;

log, 400 mm;

foam concrete, 880 mm;

brick, 900-1000 mm.

Only qualified builders who have undergone special training are involved in the installation of walls. Source qwizz.ru

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses made of double timber from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Advantages and disadvantages of double beam technology

The benefit of choosing a house made from double timber is determined by the advantages of the technology:

Factory quality. Modern equipment ensures high precision of parts, which is unattainable in artisanal conditions.

Deadlines. Wall kits are produced within 2 weeks. Assembly of walls, depending on the type of project, takes 10-15 days.

Savings during construction and operation. The construction of houses from double timber will cost 30% less than similar housing made from glued profiled timber (200 mm thick). Energy saving is 2 times more effective.

Construction. It is carried out all year round. No special equipment is needed to build the frame.

Saving on foundation. Due to the lightness of the structure, it is possible to use pile- screw foundation, which is cheaper than a strip analogue or a monolithic slab.

Wall properties. High heat, steam and sound protection characteristics. The front surface does not require finishing; it is treated with impregnation and, if desired, painted in the color you like.

Interior work. Engineering communications are located in the wall. Sealed seams (lock joints) do not require additional caulking. The sanded surface of the walls is ready for varnishing or painting.

Aesthetics of natural wood; interior work are coming to an end Source brevdom24.ru

Shrinkage. Thanks to the use of chamber-drying material, shrinkage does not exceed 2-3%. You can move in without spending a year waiting for settlement (for example, compared to a log house).

Eco-friendly and stylish. Are used natural wood, without adhesives and impregnations.

The “double beam” construction technology also has its disadvantages:

Requirements for the quality of the material. The manufacture of wall elements requires special equipment and personnel skills. Poorly dried material can cause uneven shrinkage, cracking and noticeable distortion of the walls.

Possible shrinkage of insulation. This can happen if technology is violated or low-quality insulation is used.

Difficulty of repair. If there is a need to replace one of the boards, it will be almost impossible to do this without the involvement of specialists.

Video description

Video of how a house is built in Finland:

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing houses made of double timber. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Double timber house: from design to implementation

No matter how simple the “double beam” technology may seem, it is logical to entrust house designs and their installation to an organization that has completed projects(which will be confirmed by the portfolio). The customer can count on:

Typical project. This option will reduce construction costs, as it is usually adapted to local conditions; It is permissible to make minor changes to it.

Project to order (individual). It is an order of magnitude higher, as it may include geotechnical surveys, complex technical solutions and elements (for example, roofing complex shape or veranda).

Individual project with veranda Source belwoodhouse.com

In addition to project development, the construction company’s package of services includes preparation of a sketch, documents and estimates, production of a set of parts, and assembly of the structure. The installation of the house takes place according to standard scheme wooden house assembly:

The foundation is being constructed and waterproofed.

The embedded crown (the bottom layer in contact with the foundation) is mounted and leveled.

The walls are erected, then the roof.

Utilities are being installed.

Final (interior) finishing is being carried out.

All work is guaranteed.

The strength of the structure is ensured by the method of laying wall beams and floor beams (they are cut into the walls). Another secret is absolutely dry lumber, which retains 11-15% moisture content after drying.

Video description

About the features of double beam technology in the video:

There is a type of material - double mini-timber, which gives thinner walls. The construction of a house made of double timber can be handled expertly construction crew with relevant work experience. Independent installation without skills will inevitably lead to a series of mistakes. Correcting them by specialists will require unplanned expenses, which is always unpleasant.

Small house according to a standard design Source sarlbethart.com

Prices for turnkey double timber houses

The advantages of a turnkey double timber house are visible to the naked eye. After the project is approved and the contract is signed, the customer can only enjoy the process without bothering himself with purchasing materials, searching for builders and observing their work. Specialists will take care of everything.

Companies offer houses made of double timber, the designs and prices of which can be changed. You can reduce future expenses by choosing cheaper mineral wool instead of ecowool. The thickness of the walls is also chosen by customers.

The market offers houses made of double timber of various sizes and for any budget. For comparison, it is convenient to divide them into categories depending on the area (Moscow region):

Up to 100 m². The price of a house kit starts from 335-500 thousand rubles.

From 100 to 200 m². From 680-900 thousand rubles.

From 200 m². Starting from 1.2-1.8 million rubles.

Garden decoration - a gazebo built using Finnish technology Source kathultproducts.com

What can be built from double timber

Not only houses are built using double timber technology. In this way you can decorate your garden plot by building:

gazebo and canopy;

garden, guest and children's playhouse;

utility room (tool house).

Since the wall elements have a high-quality processed front surface, they do not require additional finishing and give the buildings an impeccable eco-friendly style.

Video description

Experience shows that there are moments in the construction of a house where it is absolutely not worth saving, but there are nuances where you can not only save, but rationally spend the budget (which is a kind of reasonable saving).

A little about the bathhouse: a look from different sides

Building a bathhouse is not the cheapest pleasure, since a long-lasting result requires quality materials and special construction methods. Double beam technology can speed up the process while ensuring the desired result.

The walls of the bathhouse are constantly exposed to high temperature and humidity and inevitably absorb moisture. In an effort to protect the structure, some owners insist on using a windproof membrane in the wall, between the insulation and the internal element of the double beam. The purpose of such a vapor barrier is to prevent steam from escaping interior space into the insulation. If protection is not installed, wet insulation prevents air from circulating, stops saving heat and triggers the destruction of wood.

Bathhouse made of double timber on the shore of the lake Source vehasen.fi

Construction companies insist that the structure provides sufficient vapor exchange, and the additional layer disrupts the “breathing” properties of wood. When using a waterproofing layer, steam will condense on it; the insulation will remain dry, and the log will begin to rot. According to the technology, it is enough to use the film in ceilings.

Conclusion

The double beam technology, developed and tested by Finnish builders, is confidently gaining popularity among Russian customers. Most are attracted by the possibility of rapid construction without loss of quality, so valuable in a short time summer season and frosty winter. Improper installation can destroy the most resistant wood. To ensure that a house made of double timber does not become a disappointment and you do not have to pay for modifications, the optimal solution may be to order a turnkey house.

Houses made of double timber have a number of advantages over other wooden buildings, and therefore their popularity among developers is very high. This construction technology meets the requirements of thermal insulation and sound absorption, making the home durable and cozy. Perhaps you don’t know about all the advantages of such structures and would like to get acquainted with the rules for their construction? We will be happy to help you with this.

Corner of a double timber house

Principle of technology

The construction of houses is represented by a huge number of technologies, ranging from simple to extremely complex. When choosing a particular installation method, future owners first of all pay attention to the following aspects:

• timing of construction work;
• strength and durability of the structure;
• energy efficiency of the design;
• environmental cleanliness;
• cost estimate;
• appearance finished construction.

Houses made of double timber satisfy all the highest requirements of the above points. The principle of constructing such structures is to tie boards or mini-timbers from pine into a tenon, which makes it possible to obtain a structure of two walls, in the pier of which a technological gap is formed, into which heat, steam and soundproofing material. Thanks to this technique, condensation does not form, and heat is retained indoors.

This construction technology was developed by the Finns, who for the first time tried to lay two small-diameter beams using the mirror or cross-cut principle. Their main goal was the rapid construction of a quality home.

Also here, the customer can independently choose the thickness of the walls, taking into account the type of thermal insulation and the number of its layers, thanks to which it is possible to build any structure, from a miniature bathhouse to a two-story massive house. Such double wall its thermal insulation properties are equal to a similar structure with a thickness of 40 cm.

Before construction, the material is thoroughly dried, which protects its surface from cracking and deformation. It is also noteworthy that in this case it is quite possible to do without additional finishing, moreover, the cost of this house will be cheaper than structures made of laminated veneer lumber. It is also important that there is no adhesive composition, which means that environmental friendliness is at a high level.

As insulation, it is best to use ecowool, which is made from natural cellulose, which is very important when constructing residential buildings. This material is environmentally friendly, resistant to fire, perfectly absorbs sounds, is not attractive to rodents, fungi, mold and lasts a very long time. When laying it, there is no need to carry out vapor barrier measures.

What is built from double timber?

Many people wonder what can be built using this construction technology, apart from residential buildings, and we are happy to answer it:

• bath complexes;
• barbecue area with gazebo;
• children's sandboxes;
• awnings;
• parking spaces;
• furniture.

Special advantages of the technology

Among the main advantages of building objects from double timber I would like to note:

• short time frame for creating wall kits (up to 2 weeks);
• installation of walls takes no more than ten days, and depends on the complexity of the project;
• absence of shrinkage characteristic of houses made of wood;
• no cracks or other defects;
• no adhesives, dowels or sealants are used;
• excellent sound insulation;
• there is no need to use special equipment;
• the possibility of laying communication lines in the pier;
• no need to wait for the house to stand;
• the price of the building corresponds to the quality;
• All elements are treated with antiseptics and do not require additional protection.

An impressive list, isn't it? It's time to move on to questions about the design and construction of houses made of double timber.

Projects and their implementation

Houses made of double timber are designed and installed by companies that specialize in this type of construction. To reduce the cost of the estimate, you can purchase a standard project adapted to your area and, if desired, make minor changes to it. Individual drawings are drawn up based on site research, but the price of such work will be much higher. Construction companies offering their turnkey services provide a package of services that includes:

1. creating a sketch;
2. development of a draft working scheme;
3. production of a set of parts;
4. installation work.

At the first stage, the construction technology involves drawing up architectural plan, a diagram of the house is drawn, and the main work is outlined. The most important and complex process is the production of the installation kit, from which the structure will be erected, and it is also the most lengthy – it takes up to a month.

The connection of structural elements occurs according to the locking principle. The construction process here is similar to the installation of a formwork structure, and the internal and external walls are erected simultaneously.

The main work, as in any other construction, begins with laying the foundation - in our case it will do, but if for some reason it is not possible to install it, they resort to. In general, the execution scheme installation work looks like that:

• pouring the foundation;
• walling;
• waterproofing and strengthening;
• façade finishing.

Assembling a house is somewhat reminiscent of a construction set, because here one part of the element is equipped with a tenon, and the other with a groove, which, when connected, form a strong connection without gaps. The first level is laid on a base of slats, and the gaps between the boards are filled with foam. WITH special attention You need to pay attention to the joining of parts in the corners, for which the material is profiled.

Simultaneously with the construction of the walls, insulation is laid, but only in dry weather. The technology of building houses from double timber does not allow the process to continue during precipitation, due to which the material becomes wet and loses its properties.

List of works

The standard package of work usually includes the construction of load-bearing elements, internal partitions, installation of floors and rafter system. The estimate also includes the installation of a screw foundation and plastic window systems. A team of craftsmen also performs roofing work.

When placing a more expensive turnkey order, professionals will install communications, and the quality of such work will be at a high level, plus they are guaranteed. You can choose the most optimal set of services for yourself, which you will inform the construction company at the time of drawing up the contract.

Thermal insulation work

Disputes continue over the feasibility of installing vapor barrier membrane, during which some of the specialists insist on its installation, and the other half insist that such manipulations will disrupt the natural circulation of air, which will lead to the appearance of mold and fungal infections between the beams. Some construction technologies imply vapor barriers exclusively in the ceilings, and the remaining areas of the house are insulated at the discretion of the owners.

Based on practical observations, we can say with confidence that the slab material does not give the effect that ecowool shows, because the slabs deform during installation and generally over time, which is why heat losses increase significantly. Ecowool is blown into the wall without tamping in several stages, which allows the material to gain the required density naturally.

A similar process must be performed at a temperature with a plus sign, since in frosty weather it is difficult to calculate required quantity insulation, and its excess can lead to deformation of the walls, and if there is a lack of ecowool, the thermal insulation of the house will not reach the required parameters.

To save money, they often buy basalt instead of ecowool. fibrous material, which has similar properties, but requires vapor barrier protection, otherwise it will not be possible to avoid the appearance of condensation, which provokes the formation of fungal and mold infections. If this process is started, it can lead to the destruction of the house because the wooden elements will rot and collapse.

Considering all these nuances, it becomes obvious that the savings are questionable, because vapor barrier disrupts healthy air circulation in the room, wood does not breathe, making it impossible to regulate humidity.

Also, some developers fill the space between the beams with a mixture of clay and straw or polystyrene foam granules. There are also those who do not install thermal insulation at all, citing the fact that this function performs an air cushion between the walls. Perhaps there is a rational grain in this, but if you are building a bathhouse or sauna using this construction technology, without insulation material can’t be done, and houses made of double timber will consume less energy for heating residential premises if the partition is additionally insulated.

What is a house made of double timber, what kind of wood is used, stages of construction, advantages and disadvantages, price range of construction, vapor barrier and insulation.

Currently, a house made of double timber has increasingly begun to be introduced as a year-round living space; if 10-20 years ago houses of this type were looked at as a curiosity, at the moment it is no longer a luxury, but a standard building for living with an attractive appearance.

This article describes in detail what are the pros and cons of double timber, what are its positive sides and disadvantages, price analysis of double timber. What is the essence of the design of a double beam, what is the technology for constructing a double beam, the nuances of constructing a double beam, what does the swallow’s nest method mean during construction.

How double beams are produced, experience of use in the domestic market, how durable the structure is, how to perform reliable installation of vapor barriers. What is better than ecowool or mineral wool as insulation, as well as sawdust or bulk cellulose, what are the stages of construction using double beam technology.

How to create a reliable foundation, is finishing necessary, is additional vapor barrier needed, what type of wood is used to create wooden houses from double timber.

Positive sides

• Natural wood is environmentally friendly.
• Elements for internal and external walls are factory-made from dry sanded boards 45 mm thick and are 100% ready for assembly. After drying, the boards reach a humidity of no more than 12%, which contributes to minimal shrinkage of the house. Therefore, you don’t have to wait six months to move in and celebrate your housewarming.
• Each tongue and groove beam is equipped with a double comb lock, which creates a tight, reliable, windproof connection. Therefore, sealing of seams is not required, as in log buildings.

With a small wall thickness of 220 mm, where the wood is 90 mm and the insulation is 130 mm, high energy saving rates are ensured.

The total weight of the building is relatively small, which makes it possible not to lay a capital foundation. On loose and unstable soils on the site, screw piles are the ideal foundation. But, if the nature of the soil allows, then one of the options may well be a non-buried strip foundation.

Using modern technology In wooden housing construction, it became possible to speed up construction times as much as possible.

Easy assembly wooden elements carried out without the use of special equipment. The work is performed by several workers, which significantly saves construction costs.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Important! You can build houses from double timber at any time of the year, the only requirement is the absence of rain or snow.

Disadvantages of double timber

The main disadvantage of the technology is uneven shrinkage wooden structure, which occurs as a result of a large temperature difference with outside and inside the building. The difference should not be more than 2-3 mm.

Difficult to achieve High Quality assembly, so it is necessary to conclude an agreement with professionals, and not “shabashniks” who want to make money on what seems to be an easy job.

Another important disadvantage is the selection of insulation, which is used to fill the voids between the outer and inner rows. Because of large assortment Insulating materials available on the construction market, it is difficult to make the right choice and give preference to any one option. Only experts know what characteristics and properties each type of insulation has.

Despite the fact that the listed disadvantages of double timber are much smaller than the advantages, the main indicator is the operational characteristics of the building. The shortcomings of such technology may appear over several years. The most unfavorable moment is the climatic conditions, so before deciding to build, you should consult with specialists and find out in advance what disadvantages the Finnish construction technology has in a particular region of Russia.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Important! To avoid unpleasant moments associated with shrinkage of the building, you should carefully select candidates for the work and order building material from a trusted manufacturer who guarantees high-quality drying of the timber.

Positive sides

• Beautiful and neat appearance.
• There are excellent thermal insulation characteristics and high energy efficiency of the entire structure.
• A tight connection and the absence of gaps between the seams creates reliable sealing of the walls and protection from wind penetration.
• The walls of the house “breathe”, so there is a favorable microclimate in the rooms.
• The presence of space between the outer and inner rows of timber walls allows you to hide all engineering and communication networks (water supply pipes, sewerage pipes, ventilation ducts).
• Cost-effective housing due to inexpensive materials, no need for interior wall finishing and additional insulation. Quick payback due to low costs of hiring workers, heating, and building maintenance.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Important! Buildings made from double timber are much cheaper than houses of the same size, but only made from 150x150 laminated timber and without thermal insulation materials.

Disadvantages of houses made of double timber

• The main concerns are climatic conditions. Therefore, you need to know how the climate of the region can negatively affect a house made of double timber. What are the disadvantages of frequent freezing-thawing cycles? Sudden changes in temperature can cause uneven shrinkage, causing cracks to form in the wood. The use of high quality material reduces this risk.
• The second significant disadvantage is incorrect choice insulation. The best choice is ecowool, which is placed between the external and internal walls without tamping, and its blowing is carried out in several stages. Only in this way can the natural density of the insulation be achieved. The main requirement for performing such a procedure is to correctly calculate the amount of ecowool at above-zero temperatures. Insufficient filling of the gaps will lead to the absence of the necessary parameters and a decrease in the energy efficiency of the building, and excess will lead to deformation of the walls at low temperatures.
• In houses made of double timber, the disadvantage is the complex execution repair work. But the manufacturer guarantees that with timely and high-quality processing wood with special antibacterial agents, such a procedure will not be required in the near future.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Important! You cannot save on insulation, as this can lead to low thermal insulation performance, which will result in condensation, mold, mildew, which will be followed by damage to the entire building.

How can the advantages and disadvantages affect the choice of a house made of double timber?
Having considered all the positive and negative aspects, you can decide for yourself whether to build a house from double timber or not.

The pros and cons of such construction were shared almost equally. If the number of the former is much greater, then the disadvantages prevail in importance. Therefore, before you decide to build a house from double timber, all the pros and cons need to be carefully studied and written down in a column. Possible nuances should be discussed with specialists. You should only seek help from professionals with sufficient experience.

Pros and cons of double timber technology

Therefore, builders have to use various techniques to reduce the deformation of walls and their reliable insulation.

Strict energy saving standards today do not allow even a 20-centimeter beam to pass through.

This thickness of wood is not sufficient for the construction of warm houses in the central Urals region, not to mention the northern regions of Russia. That's why wooden frame it is necessary to additionally insulate from the inside.

An economical and effective solution to this problem is provided by double beam technology, first tested by builders in Finland. Even in this forested country it is not easy to find a log thick enough to protect a house from forty-degree frost.

Finnish engineers have calculated everything possible options saving energy and came to the conclusion that building environmentally friendly and warm housing from wood is quite possible. Only for this you need to use not a massive beam, but two thick boards, between which there is a layer of insulation.

This is how it arose new technology, which received a not entirely correct name in our area. Despite the fact that the words “double” and “timber” sound solid and impeccable from an advertising point of view, from a technical point of view this technology should be called a wooden “sandwich wall”.

Considering the structure of a wall built from “double timber”, we see here elements inherent in both log house(special joining of boards at the corners) and the classic frame (double cladding).

The role of timber here is played by a planed board with a thickness of 44 to 70 mm and a height of 140 mm, placed on its edge. Its seating edges are profiled using a tongue-and-groove system, which makes it possible to achieve tight contact and protect the seam from blowing.

The spatial rigidity of the structure is achieved due to the corners connected by the “cutting” method, when a groove is cut in the joined boards to half their height.
The main advantage of this technology is high energy saving.

The thickness of such a wall does not depend on cross section logs or timber, so the insulation layer can be selected in strict accordance with the requirements of thermal engineering standards.

Another advantage that building houses from double timber gives us is minimal shrinkage of the walls (no more than 1-2%).

A building built using Finnish turnkey technology can be used immediately after the walls are assembled and the roof is installed. There is no need to wait six months until the wood dries and the crowns of the log house find their place.

Installation of double plank walls is quite simple, not too labor-intensive and does not require the use of powerful lifting mechanisms. This has a positive effect on construction time and cost. Simultaneously with the assembly of double wooden walls Thermal insulation is being laid in the space between the boards. Therefore, a house made of double timber does not require additional insulation and finishing.

By erecting a building from wood that is not impregnated with harmful synthetic resins, the most the right decision Insulation that is safe for health will be used.

Polyurethane foam for insulating walls made of double timber is a rather expensive material. Polystyrene foam emits toxic gases and is completely destroyed over time. Mineral wool requires the installation of a vapor barrier (ecowool does not need it) and over time cakes, forming empty cold cavities.

To insulate box-shaped walls, you can use flax fiber or chopped straw - materials that do not cake and are optimally combined with wood.

The disadvantages of this technology usually include shrinkage of the insulation. However, this problem, as we indicated above, arises only when laying mineral wool.
Theoretically, there is a risk of cracks appearing in the wall due to uneven shrinkage of the outer and inner cladding boards. However, in practice, such comments have not been noted from owners of houses built using double timber technology.

There are no long-term instrumental observations of the behavior of double wooden walls in Russia yet. Therefore, the customer can only trust the experience of the Finns, who have been successfully building and operating such buildings in the harsh northern climate for more than 20 years.

You will not be able to build a house from double timber on your own, because for quality construction walls require machining of boards, cutting of tenons and grooves, as well as connecting recesses corner connections. Therefore, it will not be possible to save personal funds by abandoning a team of specialists and purchasing a house kit.

Price analysis

As a first approximation, houses using double timber technology are more expensive than log houses made from solid wood. average cost square meter double insulated wall - 5,500 rubles. The price of 1 m2 of a wall made of solid timber 150 mm thick is about 3,500 rubles. At the same time, we must not forget that the timber, even with a thickness of 20 cm, needs insulation.

Double insulated wall technology gives us a ready-made load-bearing structure, which does not require additional work. Therefore, for comparison, we will draw up a simplified estimate for a wall built from profiled timber.

So, the cost of a “bare” timber wall 15 cm thick is about 3,500 rubles per 1 m2. The price of insulation (20 cm of ecowool) with installation is 800 rubles/m2, the cost of materials and work on installing the frame and covering it with clapboard is another 600 rubles/m2.

Additional measures for insulating a log house will cost us 1,400 rubles per 1 m2. As a result, we will get 3500 + 1400 = 4,900 rubles for one “square” of wall.
Comparing this amount with the price warm wall from double timber, we see that the difference is not so significant. If we take into account the serious advantages of this technology, then double timber can be called a profitable alternative to traditional wooden log houses.

Double beam construction

The construction of bathhouses from timber is considered the best option due to the environmental friendliness of the wall material, their low thermal conductivity, and high construction speed. Baths built from ordinary profiled timber and from double timber look identical in appearance, but there are a number of differences in both technical specifications, and by the method of constructing walls.

The double beam design was developed not in Russia, but in Austria. Then the technology began to be used in Germany, and only then the design received particular success in Finland. In Russia, double beam technology began to be used relatively recently.

The wall material is laminated veneer lumber or technically dried wood with a moisture content of less than 14%. The production of timber is carried out on longitudinal milling four-sided machines. The beam connection is a double profiled sealed windproof lock. Between two beams (external and internal) the distance is 130-150 mm. In this gap, ecowool insulation is laid with the addition of antiseptics, fire retardants, boric acid, borax, necessary to ensure the fire safety of the building. Insulation density up to 70 kg/m3.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Important! According to GOST 18288-87, lumber is defined as lumber with a height and thickness of more than 100 mm. In this case, the structural elements are thinner and are more likely to be profiled boards, but builders still call the technology “double timber” or “double tongue.” Sometimes profiled wall elements are called “mini-beams”.

And one moment. Double beam technology and frame construction are completely different things. A frame bath has a “skeleton” formed by vertical posts and jibs. Mineral wool is usually laid between the racks, the walls are covered with vapor barrier on both sides, and then with OSB or boards. When building from double timber, there is no “skeleton”. All walls around the perimeter are load-bearing.

This technology is akin to construction from full-fledged profiled timber rather than frame construction. The rigidity of the walls is ensured by double corner joints. In addition, ecowool has no joints or cracks, and the insulation is of higher quality than slab or roll materials. In the Russian Federation, houses and bathhouses using double timber technology began to be built 40-50 years ago, and reviews from the owners of such buildings are more than positive.

Features of double beam technology

Thermal efficiency.

A wall made of double timber with a thickness of 220 mm (of which 130 mm is insulation) is comparable in thermal efficiency to wooden wall 700 mm thick or with brick wall 1.2 meters thick. The vapor permeability of double timber walls is maintained and freezing is prevented.

Energy efficiency.

A minimum amount of energy is required to warm up a house or bathhouse made of double timber. On a note! According to SNiP II-3-79, the heat-insulating qualities of double timber are 2.5 times higher than that of laminated veneer lumber. Environmental friendliness. Ecowool used for insulation consists of 82% cellulose and 18% antiseptics and fire retardants. These substances do not emit toxic substances into the atmosphere and are completely safe for humans. And wood is environmentally friendly a priori. No glue is used during construction. The bath will have the aroma of natural wood and a favorable microclimate.

No problems of traditional wooden log houses.

The shrinkage of a log house can be up to 10%, and if unseasoned wood was initially used for construction, then the percentage of shrinkage can reach up to 17%. Shrinkage continues for several years (at least a year and a half) after the walls are erected, which makes finishing processes impossible, requiring the installation of compensators, etc. During the shrinkage process, the wood cracks, cracks form, and caulk is required. Lock connections lose their tightness during the drying process. Walls made of chamber-dried double timber have a shrinkage of no more than 2%. The risk of cracking is minimized. Corner joints with double cut and additional insulation ecowool mines are not a freezing zone. Ecowool itself inside the walls is not prone to shrinkage or creasing. No caulking of walls or additional thermal insulation is required. There are no gaps between the crowns due to the high tenon height and deep grooves of the wall elements. Pests, mice, and rats do not live in ecowool.

High speed of construction.

The wall kit is completely prepared in production within one month according to the customer’s design. Ready kit Delivered to the site ready for assembly, marked for convenience. On a note! During the design process, not only the size of the building and the location of the premises are selected, but also calculations of wind, snow, and seismic loads are made. The project can also include integrated floor beams and integrated scaffolding, which are beams protruding beyond the walls on which boards are laid for construction workers to move along. Integrated scaffolding is cut down after painting the façade. This achieves additional savings and increases the speed of construction. A load bearing capacity integrated floor beams are higher than classic floor joists.

Approximate construction period big house with an area of ​​up to 130 m2 is 3 months, of which about three weeks are spent on assembling the walls, the rest of the time is spent on building the roof and ceilings, installing doors, windows, laying communications and other work. Accordingly, a small bathhouse can be built in a much shorter time. On a note! All elements are produced exclusively in factories, and not in artisanal conditions. During production and shipment, constant monitoring of the quality of the material, its size, and humidity is carried out. During construction there is no need to use heavy lifting equipment. Work can be carried out in any season of the year.

Hidden communications.

In houses made of double timber there are special cavities (boxes or cuts) into which wiring, pipes, etc. are laid. The house or bathhouse looks aesthetically pleasing and neat both inside and out. The wiring and pipes are hidden, but repairable at any time.

Durability.

The estimated service life of a double timber structure is up to 110-115 years.

Affordable price.

The cost of building from double timber is approximately 30% lower than a bathhouse made from profiled, laminated timber or rounded logs.

Possibility of construction on a lightweight foundation.

Screw piles are usually chosen as the foundation, or, less often, strip foundations. A screw foundation with a grillage can be used. This point depends on the condition of the soil in the area and the proximity of groundwater.

The nuances of construction from double timber

• It is permissible to make the strapping platform from timber of natural moisture.
• The joists should not be located below the strapping platform.
• The floor insulation should not rest solely on the vapor barrier; there must be a solid, continuous base.
• It is better not to fasten floor joists and terraces with corners; the load may tear off the heads of the screws.
• It is better not to use plate beams. This design is prone to warping and cracking.
• It is important to follow the technology for installing door and window frames.
• It is important to connect the crowns tightly, without gaps. If there are gaps between the rims, alignment will be lost.
• The first crown must be attached to strapping beam or blackboard.
• If the wall kit delivered to the site contains elements with defects, it is better to turn the timber with the unsightly side inside the cavity into which the ecowool is pumped.
• It is not recommended to build large multi-storey buildings from double timber. This technology is relevant for low-rise construction.

When designing, it is necessary to provide for cuts in the walls, and there should not be more than three and a half meters between adjacent boxes. This is necessary to prevent warping of the walls under the influence of a dense layer of ecowool, which puts pressure on the outer and inner walls of the building.

There may be an option for a wall 6 meters long without cuts, in this case in the middle between the inner and outer walls A solid beam is installed vertically. This beam will be invisible. This will help maintain the rigidity of the walls and prevent deformation under the pressure of the insulation.

When building walls, gaps may remain between the elements. Construction cannot continue until all cracks are eliminated. For this purpose, the method of tightening the walls can be used.

Double beam dovetail

Above we looked at the principle of constructing a building using the classical double-timber technology. The elements were assembled without insulation, any gaskets, dowels or nails. The “double dovetail beam” technology has differences, is considered even more reliable and allows the construction of high-rise buildings and large areas.

We have already mentioned that the house kit is cut in production strictly to size. The corner elements have through holes for vertical studs. Inside the walls, studs are connected and extended. After the walls are erected from below and above, a nut and washer are screwed onto the studs, tightening the crowns. That is, the pins are used as dowels.

A dovetail groove has been added into which a special fastener is inserted. The connector is hammered into the groove with a mallet, placing the part with the rounded side down. It is no longer possible to remove the connector from the timber.

The dovetail connection is made not only on external corners walls, but also on all partitions. What does this give? Even with big changes linear dimensions wood due to fluctuations in temperature and humidity, during shrinkage, the outer and inner perimeters may shift slightly vertically, but the overall geometry of the house will remain unchanged, the geometry of all corners will be preserved.

What is the essence of the new technology?

Even a novice builder knows that log houses have two main drawbacks - thin walls and shrinkage of the crowns. The latter occurs due to wood shrinkage. Therefore, they use techniques that prevent wall deformation and promote it. effective insulation. According to existing standards, the walls of a house should be no thinner than 20 cm.

The double beam technology, which was first used by Finnish builders, allows us to solve this problem. The country has a small number of trees thick enough that could be used to build houses, while protecting them from severe frosts, characteristic of the region.

Finnish engineers have managed to develop a technology that allows them to build warm wooden houses at relatively low financial costs. It was called “double beam”. In fact, this technology has little in common with timber in the usual sense. Its essence lies in the fact that to achieve the proper thickness of the walls, two tongue-and-groove boards are used, between which there is a layer of insulation. –

Houses using double timber technology are distinguished by improved thermal insulation characteristics, compared with houses made of solid timber of a similar section. Compared to insulated laminated veneer lumber, this technology does not use adhesives. The insulation is often ecowool or mineral wool.

Double beam: production

The production of material for the construction of houses using double-timber technology differs from the production of conventional profiled timber. It is carried out on special equipment - a fully or partially automated cup-cutting line.

It is carried out in several stages:

• production of workpieces;
• drilling holes intended for fastening edged boards;
• cup cutting;
• grooving;
• cutting the workpiece;
• removal of residues;
• marking;
• insulation with material; package.

Advantages

The main advantage of a house made of double timber is high energy saving. The thickness of its walls does not depend on the diameter of the log or timber. The insulation layer is selected in accordance with the requirements specified in generally accepted thermal engineering standards. The second advantage of the technology is the minimal shrinkage of the walls, fluctuating in the range of 1-2%.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

You can begin full operation of a house built using Finnish technology once the walls and roof are assembled.

Ordinary houses made of timber cannot be used immediately, since you need to wait until the wood dries and the crowns “fall” into place. In this case there is no need to wait.

Installation of a house made of double timber is relatively simple, not labor-intensive and does not require the use of complex construction equipment, which has a beneficial effect on the construction time of the house and financial costs. In parallel with the assembly of the walls, thermal insulation work is carried out, filling the space between the boards. The walls in houses made of double timber do not need to be additionally insulated and finished.

Flaws

“Double beam”, despite many advantages, also has a number of disadvantages. The most significant is the shrinkage of the insulation, but it occurs only when using mineral wool. There is also the possibility of cracks appearing.

They can form due to uneven shrinkage of the cladding of external and internal boards used for houses built using the “double beam” technology. Reviews from builders assure that in practice such problems do not arise at all. At least there were no comments.

Application experience in the domestic market

The technology has been used on the domestic market only recently, so no one can guarantee that wooden houses will fully perform their functions in our climatic conditions. You just need to trust the Finnish experience in house building, since they have been building houses from double timber for over 20 years and successfully operate buildings in their more severe climatic conditions.

It is not possible to build a house yourself using this technology, since its high-quality construction requires boards processed on special machines. It is also necessary to cut tenons, grooves and docking recesses intended for corner joints. There is no way to do it without a team of specialists and the purchase of a house kit. Therefore, saving on financial costs is problematic.

Structural strength

Double beam technology is not comparable to conventional frame construction, where the insulation is located between two thin walls. In this case, everything is held on the bars. There is also a subtype of this technology – “double mini-beam” – that exists and is used. Its construction is similar, but its walls are thinner.

Increased structural strength is also provided by floor beams if they are cut into walls during the construction process. The technology can use exclusively dry lumber, which largely affects the strength of the house as a whole. This is due to the fact that drying the timber leads to a loss of 13% moisture content, due to which the molecular bonds are broken. In the future, the timber will give off exactly the same amount of moisture that it will absorb. Therefore, no deformation will occur.

Vapor barrier

For the construction of houses whose walls consist of several floors, vapor barrier is an important issue. Without its consideration, it is not recommended to carry out construction. Double timber is an exception, despite the fact that the walls of houses built using this technology are later certain time will inevitably begin to absorb moisture. Therefore, there is an opinion that the insulation between the beams is a place for rot to form. Wherein construction companies, who specialize in building houses using this technology, claim that double beams have never caused any problems before. Reviews from the owners agree that it is enough to use the film only in ceilings.

But there are exceptions. Some owners are concerned about the lack of vapor barrier as such, so during construction they use a windproof membrane, which is applied after the insulation. Experienced builders are skeptical about this, since it will not allow the walls to “breathe” freely, but they can last much longer.

Ecowool as wall insulation

When building a wooden house that is not impregnated with synthetic resins that are harmful to health, the best option would be to use harmless insulation. Optimal material is ecowool, the main component of which is cellulose. It does not rot, does not shrink and is not subject to fire.

The calculations for the material are as follows:

• acoustic insulation – 46 dB;
• dew point – under standard conditions, condensation will not occur;
• insulation – 0.13 m2 per m2 of wall;
• thermal conductivity coefficient – ​​0.2 W/m2.

Ecowool is blown dry into the space between the beams. The height should be no more than three meters. The procedure is carried out in stages. But here certain difficulties arise: ecowool is blown into the “double beam” in the same way as inside frame walls. If the latter have closed wells and it is not difficult to achieve the required density, then more material is filled in and, as a result, can settle. Experienced builders have found a way out of this situation and use a special blow molding installation. Recently, mineral wool has found great use.

Mineral wool as insulation

The material is reliable, environmentally friendly and relatively cheap. If mineral wool is used as insulation, then it is necessary to organize a vapor barrier for the room (this is not done for ecowool). In addition, over time it cakes and, as a result, empty cold cavities form in the walls. Therefore, the material will have to be coated with an antiseptic inside and outside.

Sawdust

It is recommended to use old sawdust to insulate walls. If you only have fresh ones on hand, you can soak them in lime for a day and only then knead them. The procedure is as follows: m2 of sawdust and two bags of cement are poured into the mixer. Moisten everything a little, mix it, pour it into the space between the walls and tamp it down. A significant disadvantage of the material is mice, mold or dampness.

Bulk pulp

The material effectively performs the task of wall insulation. Often, during construction, insulation is not used at all, since they believe that air itself is an excellent insulation material. But it is important to understand that it serves as thermal insulation only when it is motionless. This is the task of other materials: they create big number cavities with “stationary” air.

Polyurethane foam is sometimes used, but it is relatively expensive, so it is not widely used in construction. In this case, the material releases toxic substances and after a certain time is destroyed.

Box-shaped walls are insulated using flax fiber. Chopped straw or other material that does not cake over time will also work. It is also important to remember its compatibility with wood.